INDIAN FACTS FORM OF GOVT Federal Republic (gained independence
from the UK in 1947) CAPITAL New Delhi POPULATION 1,095,351995 LAND
SIZE 2,973,190 (slightly more than 1/3 the size of the U.S.)
CLIMATE Varies from Tropical Monsoon in the south to Temperate in
the north CURRENCY Rupee MILITARY Voluntary RELIGION Hindu
(80%)
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SUBCONTINENT a large, relatively self-contained landmass
forming a subdivision of a continent
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HIMALAYAS Large mountain range between the Indian subcontinent
and the Plateau of Tibet Includes the highest mountain peaks in the
world Mt. Everest 29,000 feet
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GANGES RIVER Longest river in India Located in northern India,
flows towards Bangladesh Flows from the Himalayas to the Bay of
Bengal
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INDUS RIVER Flows from Tibet into the Arabian Sea Much of the
land here would not be arable without this massive source of
water
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DECCAN PLATEAU Located in southern India Deccans average
elevation is about 2,000 feet, sloping generally eastward The
climate is drier than that on the coasts and is arid in places
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MONSOONS the seasonal wind of the Indian Ocean and southern
Asia, blowing from the southwest in summer and from the northeast
in winter. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9peDRkO-TLc
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MAJOR CITIES
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EARLY SOUTH ASIA Modern India traces its roots back to the
Indus River Valley located in South Asia Harappans earliest
civilization found in this area, dates back to about 2,500 b.c.,
disappeared around 1,500 b.c. Ruins demonstrate: 1. urban planning
(organized cities) 2. grid pattern streets 3. multi-storied homes
4. bathrooms and sewage systems
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ARYANS Aryans conquered the Indus River Valley around 1500 b.c.
and then moved southeast into the Ganges Plain Organized into
tribes, each was led by a rajah Cattle basis of their diet and
economy, wealth was measured in cattle and they were used as money
Men dominated society, which was largely agricultural
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SOCIAL STRUCTURE Brahmans kshatriyas Vaisyas Sudras
Pariahs
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Social Structure 1. Brahmans Priests 2. Kshatriyas
Warriors/princes 3. Vaisyas merchants/farmers 4. Sudras
peasants/servants 5. Pariahs so unclean not even part of the
system, do the toughest and dirtiest jobs
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HINDUISM Aryans believed in a religion that has evolved into
what we know as Hinduism
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BELIEFS Evolved over centuries (no one person began it) Brahman
universal spirit, god (other gods are manifestations of Brahman)
Trinity 3 most important manifestations are: BRAHMA SIVAVISHNU
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BRAHMA The Creator
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VISHNU The Preserver
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SIVA The Destroyer
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KEY CONCEPTS REINCARNATION - The rebirth of the soul
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KEY CONCEPTS cont. KARMA - Idea that how a person lives their
life will determine what form that person takes in the next life
(what comes around goes around)
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KEY CONCEPTS cont. DHARMA -Duties of a particular varna (class)
-If you fulfill your dharma you get have good karma
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KEY CONCEPTS cont. MOKSHA - State in which a persons soul is
freed from the cycle of reincarnation (heaven)
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KEY CONCEPTS cont. AHIMSA - Belief that all life is sacred and
needs to be protected
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SACRED HINDU WRITINGS: THE VEDAS Ancient poems, legends, hymn,
rituals that formed the basis of Aryan religious life There are 4,
the oldest dating back to about 1000 B.C.
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HOLIDAY VIDEOS Diwali Festival of Lights Diwali Holi Festival
of colors, triumph of good over evil, coming of the Spring Holi
Holi #2
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BUDDHISM
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THE BUDDHA Siddhartha Gautama the founder of Buddhism, born in
India in 566 B.C. born into the Kshatriya class, lived a wealthy
but sheltered life wanted to understand why people suffer and how
to minimize it
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THE BUDDHA cont. believed he found the answers while
meditating, believed he received enlightenment he preached his
message and became known as The Buddha (enlightened one) he
rejected the caste system, a persons position in life should depend
on the person, not their birth
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4 NOBLE TRUTHS
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1. ALL PEOPLE SUFFER
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2. PEOPLE SUFFER BECAUSE THEIR DESIRES BIND THEM TO THE CYCLE
OF REBIRTH
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3. WE CAN END SUFFERING BY ELIMINATING DESIRES
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4. ELIMINATE DESIRE BY FOLLOWING THE 8-FOLD PATH
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8-FOLD PATH KNOW THE TRUTH RESIST EVIL SAY NOTHING 2 HURT
OTHERS FREE YOUR MIND OF EVIL WORK 4 THE GOOD OF OTHERS RESPECT
LIFE CONTROL YOUR THOUGHTS MEDITATE
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THE 8-FOLD PATH LEADS TO NIRVANA Nirvana state of enlightenment
that frees the soul from the cycle of rebirth
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BRANCHES OF BUDDHISM Make sure you are aware of the following:
1.Mahayana 2.Theravada 3.Tibetan 4.Zen
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CONCEPT OF GOD Buddha is not thought of as a god The concept of
god is not central to Buddhism
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BUILDING/PLACE OF WORSHIP Use temples and monasteries Worship
and meditation can take place anywhere Stupa built to house relics
of Buddha (teeth, bones, writings)
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HOLIDAYS/FESTIVALS See the Buddhist Festivals and Holidays
worksheet Festival of the Tooth (Sri Lanka) Obon (Japan)
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SYMBOLS See the Buddhist Symbols worksheet
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TYPE 2 List 3 similarities and 3 differences between Hinduism
and Buddhism
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TYPE 3 Discuss 3 similarities and 3 differences between
Hinduism and Buddhism Focused Correction Areas (FCAs) FCA #1 3
differences FCA #2 3 similarities FCA #3 - capitalization
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DALAI LAMA
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TIBET
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POTALA PALACE
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EMPIRES/ACCOMPLISHMENTS TYPE 3 Describe 2 accomplishments made
by Indian civilization and discuss how your life would be different
without them. TYPE 3 FCA #1 describe 2 accomplishments FCA #2
discuss how your life would be different without both FCA #3 no
symbols (&,)
