India

Mike DiazDominica Rivera Dominguez

Tracy Tran

Earth Seventh-Largest Country, 1.27 million sq. mi.(1/3 size of the

U.S.)

Southern India is very humid in the summer and dry during the winter.

Northern India is warm or mildly cool during winter and hot during summer

India provides the world's most pronounced example of a monsoon climate. The wet and dry seasons of the monsoon system, along with the annual temperature fluctuations, produce three general climatic periods over much of the country:

Hot, wet weather from about mid-June to the end of September

Cool, dry weather from early October to February.

Hot, dry weather (though normally with high atmospheric humidity) from about March to mid-June.

Earth Cont… Filled with mountains, rivers, valleys,

rainforest, and deserts. Regional differences, which are often

considerable, result from a number of internal factors—including elevation, type of relief, and proximity to bodies of water.

http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-46382/India

HistoryIndus Valley Civilization

•First known civilization in India dates back to about 3,300–1,700 BC

•It was confined to the valley of the river Indus; given the name as Indus Valley Civilization.

•This civilization was developed in two of its towns, Mohenjo Daro and Harappa

•Represent the high watermark of the settlements

History Cont… The Indus civilization was the first farming cultures in South Asia to the

west of the Indus Valley. The Indus civilization’s economy appears to have depended significantly

on trade. These advances included bullock-driven carts and as well as boats. The use of domesticated animals including; camels, goats, water buffaloes

and fowls. The Harappans cultivated wheat, barley, peas and sesames. The first people to grow cotton for clothing and towels and sheets were the

Harappan people in India, about 2,500 BC.

Aryan By 1700 BC, the Harappan culture was on the decline, due to repeated

flooding of towns located on the river banks and changes of the agriculture.

Migrations of the Aryan people into India began about 1500 BC. A large migration lead by Indo-European-speaking, known as Aryans, spoke

an early form of Sanskrit. The Aryan meant pure and implied the invaders’ aware attempts at

retaining their tribal identity and roots while maintaining a social distance from earlier inhabitants.

By around 1,000 B.C., Aryan culture had spread over most of north of India and brought with them a new language, new gods, a patrilineal family system, and a new social order.

Sanskrit The oldest known stage of Sanskrit is Vedic or Vedic

Sanskrit The Veda dates back to about 1500 B.C. Sanskrit is one of the 22 official languages of India. Sanskrit language belonged to the Indic group of the Indo-

Iranian subfamily of the Indo-European family of languages. Sanskrit was not thought of as a specific language set apart

from other languages, but rather as a ideal manner of speaking.

Knowledge of Sanskrit was a marker of social class and educational skill and the language was taught mainly to members of the higher castes.

Sanskrit is mostly used as a ceremonial language in Hindu religious rituals in the forms of hymns and mantras.

Kali Kali is one of the most well known and worshipped Hindu Goddesses. The name Kali is from the Hindu word that means "time", and that also

means "black". Kali destroys only to recreate and what she destroys is sin, ignorance and

decay. Her appearance is fearsome and is represented as a black women with four

arms. In one hand she has a sword, Another the head of the demon she has slain, with the other two she is encouraging her

worshippers. For earrings she has two dead bodies and wears a

necklace of skulls; Her clothing is made of dead men’s hands, and her

tongue sticks out from her mouth. She stands with one foot on the thigh, and another

on the breast of her husband.

History Cont… India has one of the world's oldest and richest civilization going back

approximately 6000 years.

India was not always one nation, but was split into small states ruled by warring kings and princes. Powerful empires rose and fell, uniting these smaller states for varying lengths of time.

The last of these empires was the British Empire in India, which ended in 1947 with the creation of the sovereign Republic of India. From a history of wars and conquests, cultural achievements, and a diversity of peoples and creeds has emerged a great nation.

CultureLanguage

The languages of India primarily belong to two major linguistic families, Indo-European (Sanskrit) is spoken by about 74% of the population and Dravidian spoken by about 24%.

Languages spoken in the five states of south India belong to the Dravidian family.

Most of the languages spoken in the north are of Aryan family.

India has a diverse list of spoken languages among different groups of people. At least 800 different languages and around 2000 dialects have been identified.

After India’s independence the government decided that the official language of India will be Hindi.

The reason Hindi was chosen to be the official language of India wasn’t because it is the most commonly spoken language in India, but it has connection with India history before its independence.

Culture Cont…Religion

India is home to Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism and other religious traditions.

Hinduism is the dominant faith, practiced by over 80% of the population. Muslims are the most well-known religious group and are an important

part of Indian society. India has the second largest population of Muslims in the world after

Indonesia.

Indian American The first immigration of Indian was in 1790 that entered the United States as a

maritime worker.

Asian Indian population in the United States grew from almost 1,678,000 in 2000 to 2,319,000 in 2005, which is the highest for any Asian American community and fastest growing ethnic group.

Indian Americans are the third largest Asian American.

Indians American mostly resides in San Francisco Bay Area and Los Angeles, California but, they are more evenly distributed throughout the United States.

Indian Americans have the highest educational and are well represented in the fields of medicine, engineering, finance and, informational technology.

Values Marriage

Education

Traditional dance

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_in_Indiahttp://www.kamat.com/kalranga/weddings/weddings.htm

http://www.indialine.com/travel/knowindia/dance.html

Values Cont…Family

In India, the basic units of society are the patrilineal family unit and wider kinship groupings.

Patrilineal joint families include men related through the male line, along with their wives and children. Most young women expect to live with their husband’s relatives after marriage.

The joint family is an ancient Indian institution; there are often strong bonds of kinship and attempt to provide each other with economic help, emotional support, and other benefits.

A large number of marriages are arranged by children’s parents.

Because marriage is the joining of two families, it is regarded as more than an individual’s decision.

Value Cont…Education India has been a major seat of learning for thousands of years. While some of

the country's universities are among the world's well-renowned, it is also dealing with challenges in its primary education and strives to reach 100% literacy.

Traditional Dance Dance have always been a very important part of the life

of the Indians. Indian has a very rich tradition of classical

dance. Dancers are very important figures in the Indian culture

and Indian dance have many varieties which reflects all aspect

of life from religious to war to social.

The Product Sari

A sari is a rectangular piece of cloth which is five to six yards in length.

The style, color and texture of this cloth vary and it might be made from cotton or silk.

Many types of fabrics are used in the preparation; crepe,

georgette, net fabric, andsatin,

The sari has an ageless charm since it is not cut or tailored for a particular size.

Sari The material starts into the dhoti, in a pit loom. It takes about 3 days to weave one sari. Saris are manufactured from cotton and they use zari

borders woven in a weaving center. Real zari thread is made by coiling gold plated silver

wire around a cotton core.

The materials are woven on handlooms. Weave the events that go on in a certain

person life. The Saris often reflect the period through the motifs,

have their own meaning which vary from region An example of motifs that represents courtship and passion.

Printed fabric can be made of hand block printing, roller printing, tie and dye.

How to wear a SariStep 1

Step 2

Step 3 & 4 Step 6

Step 7Step 5