Index

Animals, encounters with, as skin disorderscause, 311–338

Antibioticsphotosensitizing effects of, 108topical, as contact dermatitis cause,

152Anti-inflammatory agents, topical, as contact

dermatitis cause, 149–150Aquaslide alopecia, 241–243Archers

archery arms in, 207–208callosities (calluses) in, 216–219

Arthropod bite reactions, 24, 26, 316–321

Arthropod stings, 321–323Athlete’s foot. See Tinea pedisAthletic shoes. See Footwear

BBacterial skin infections, 3–34. See also

names of specific bacteriagram-negative, 3–4, 22–30gram-positive, 3, 4–22

Badminton playerscallosities (calluses) in, 218racquet-related allergic contact dermatitis

in, 141–143stringer’s fingers in, 235–236

Balance beam alopecia, 243Ballet dancers, subungual exostosis in,

279–280Balls, as contact dermatitis cause, 143–144,

171–172Basal cell carcinoma, 106, 115–118Baseball pitcher’s friction dermatitis,

177–178Baseball players. See also Outdoor sports

athletesallergic contact dermatitis in, 138–139baseball pitcher’s friction dermatitis, 165,

177–178bullae (blisters) in, 209callosities (calluses) in, 216–219molluscum contagiosum in, 50pads in, 103–104palmoplantar eccrine hidradenitis in,

248traumatic plantar urticaria, 193

Basketball pebble fingers, 165, 171–172

AAbrasions and chafing, 203–207

Curvularia lunata infections of, 78as impetigo risk factor, 4sea creature-related, 337track bites, 237

Accessories. See also Sports equipmentas contact dermatitis cause, 145–147

Acne keloidalis nuchae, 287–288Acne mechanica, 282–285, color plate VIIIAcne vulgaris, differential diagnosis of, 5,

15, 43Allergic reactions

contact dermatitis, 127–163accessories-related, 145–147athletic shoes-related, 135–137balls-related, 143–145exercise-induced anaphylaxis, 127, 183,

195–199handles-related, 140–143helmets and face masks-related,

138–139manual implements-related, 139–140medical supplies-related, 148–154nose clips and earplugs-related,

134–135photolichenoid, 156–157Rhus (poison ivy)-related, 154–155shin and knee guard-related, 137–138swim fins-related, 131–132swim goggles-related, 127–130swimming cap-related, 133–134underwater masks-related, 132–133wet suit-related, 130–131

pruritus and urticaria, 180–194Alopecia

aquaslide, 241–243balance beam, 243jogger’s, 244

Anabolic steroids, 297–299Anaphylaxis

arthropod stings-related, 321, 322exercise-related, 127, 183, 195–199

Ancylostoma braziliense, 84Anesthetics, topical, as contact dermatitis

cause, 150–151Angioedema. See also Exercise-induced

angioedema/anaphylaxisvibratory, 197

340 Index

Basketball playersallergic contact dermatitis in, 143–144,

147, 171–172athletic tape-related, 148basketballs-related, 143–144shin and knee guard-related, 137–138

basketball pebble fingers in, 165, 171–172black heel in, 245–246Center’s callosities in, 272–273exercise-induced angioedema/anaphylaxis

in, 195–198folliculitis in, 13furunculosis in, 11, 13gram-negative infections in, 22–23green foot in, 22–23irritant contact dermatitis in, 165,

171–172onychocryptosis (ingrown toenail) in,

266–268pitted keratolysis in, 18tinea pedis in, 57, 58traumatic plantar urticaria in, 192–193

Basketballs, as contact dermatitis cause,171–172

Bee stings, 321–322Bicycle spoke injuries, 228Bicyclists. See CyclistsBicyclists’ nipples, 208–209Bikini bottom, 20–21Billiard cues, as contact dermatitis cause,

146Billiard players

billiard cue-related contact dermatitis in,146–147

callosities (calluses) in, 216–219“Black dots,” 49, 53, 217, 220, 221, color

plate VIBlack fly bites, 316, 317Black heel (talon noire), 245–246, color

plate VIBlack palm, 247–248Bleached swimmer syndrome, 158–159Blisters. See BullaeBlister shield, 216Blubber finger (erysipeloid), 21–22Boaters. See also Outdoor sports athletes

aquagenic urticaria in, 190–191atypical mycobacterial skin infections in,

81–83bikini bottom, 20–21canyoning hands in, 164–165cold urticaria in, 184–186contact urticaria in, 191–192gram-positive infections in, 4

irritant contact dermatitis inred tide dermatitis, 168–169sea water dermatitis, 169seaweed dermatitis, 169–170

otitis externa, 28–30pulling boat hands in, 286–287seabather’s eruption in, 311–314sea creature-related abrasions in, 337sea creature-related stings in, 323–336seaweed dermatitis in, 169sponge dermatitis in, 170–171swimmer’s itch in, 314–316swimming pool granuloma in, 81–83

Boogie boards, as contact dermatitis cause,174–175

Bowlersallergic contact dermatitis in, 139–140bowler’s fingernail in, 268–269callosities (calluses) in, 216–219lawn, allergic contact dermatitis in,

139–140Bowler’s fingernail, 268–269Bowls grip, 139–140Boxers

nodules in, 95, 103–104pads in, 95, 103–104smallpox in, 35

Braces, knee and ankle, as contact dermatitiscause, 153

Bug bites. See Arthropod bite reactionsBullae (blisters), 209–216, 217, 222, 223

CCalcium oxide, as contact dermatitis cause,

165–167Callosities (calluses), 216–219, color plate V

Center’s, 272–273differentiated from warts (verrucae), 53,

217as protection against bullae (blisters), 216

Candida/candidiasis, 17, 59, 71, 72–72Canoeists. See also Boaters

callosities (calluses) in, 216–219furunculosis/furuncles in, 4, 11, 13–14impetigo in, 4nodules in, 95, 96“soft skin” in, 209

Canyoning hands, 164–165Catchers, traumatic plantar urticaria in, 193Cellulitis, differential diagnosis of, 22Cement burns, 165–167Center’s callosities, 272–273Cercariae, 314–316Cercarial dermatitis, 314

Index 341

Chafing. See Abrasions and chafingChalk

as allergic contact dermatitis cause, 145as irritant contact dermatitis cause,

176–177Cheilitis, actinic, 119Chemical deposition, 293–296Chilblains, 286, 307–308Chlorine, effect on hair, 293, 295Cicatrices, karate, 226–227Clam digger’s itch, 314. See also Swimmer’s

itchCoelenterate-related injuries, 323–328Cold injuries

canyoning hands, 164–165chilblains, 307–308cold urticaria, 181, 184–186frostbite, 302–306skier’s cold purpura, 306–307

Cold urticaria, 181, 184–186Cone shell, 328–329Conjunctivitis, herpes, 41Copper deposits, in swimming pools,

293–294, 297Coral, as abrasion cause, 337Corneocytes, color plate IVCorns, 220–222, color plate V

differentiated fromcallosities (calluses), 217warts (verrucae), 53

Corynebacterium, 18Corynebacterium minutissimum, 17Crab poisoning (erysipeloid), 21–22Crew members. See RowersCricket players, port-wine stains in, 254–255Curvularia lunata, 78–79Cutaneous larva migrans, 84–85Cutaneous myiasis, 85–86Cutis marmorata, 301Cycler’s nodules, 95, 100–102Cyclists. See also Outdoor sports athletes

abrasions and chafing in, 203–207allergic contact dermatitis in, 150bicyclists’ nipples, 208–209callosities (calluses) in, 216–219cholinergic urticaria in, 182–184exercise-induced angioedema/anaphylaxis

in, 195–198friction injuries to the skin in, 203–207frostbite in, 302–306lacerations in, 204, 228nodules in, 95, 100–102saddle sores in, 233–235subungual exostosis in, 279–280

Cyclists’ nipples, 208–209Cysts, epidermoid, 15

DDancers

acne mechanica in, 282, 284callosities (calluses) in, 216–219jazz ballet bottom in, 224–225onychocryptosis (ingrown toenail) in,

266–268palmoplantar eccrine hidradenitis in,

248subungual exostosis in, 279–280

Debromoaplysiatoxin, 169Deerflies bites, 320–321Dermatitis

allergic contact, 127–163athletic equipment-related, 127–147environment-related, 154–160medical supplies-related, 147–153

atopic, 6differential diagnosis of, 43

chronic lichenified, 234diving suit, 23–24irritant contact, 127, 164–179

athlete’s implements-related, 164,171–177

playing fields-related, 164–171red tide dermatitis, 168–169seawater-related, 168–171, 337seaweed-related, 169–170

seborrheic, differential diagnosis of, 17Dermatographism, 186–187Dermatophyte infections, 3, 57–80

as basis for athletic disqualification, 57Discus throwers, anabolic steroid use in, 297Divers (platform). See also Scuba divers

abrasions and chafing in, 203–207aquagenic urticaria in, 190–191atypical mycobacterial skin infections in,

81cold urticaria in, 184–186contact urticaria in, 191–192dried or discolored hair in, 293–295friction injuries to the skin in, 203–207green hair in, 293–294molluscum contagiosum, 8, 47–51otitis externa (swimmer’s ear) in, 29pool water irritant contact dermatitis in,

158–160, 167–168pruritus in, 180–182purpura in, 253–254swimming pool granuloma, 81–83warts (verruca), 36, 50, 51–54

342 Index

Diving suit dermatitis, 23–24Dry skin. See Xerosis

EEarplugs, as allergic contact dermatitis

cause, 134–135Echinoderms, 331–333Eczema, 127. See also DermatitisEnvironment-induced skin disorders

allergic contact dermatitis, 154–160anabolic steroids-related, 297–299animal-related, 311–338chemical deposition-related, 293–296

Epidermolysis bullosa simplex, 210Epidermophyton, 60, 65Equestrians

callosities (calluses) in, 216–219panniculitis (perniosis) in, 308–310

Erysipeloid, 21–22Erythema

perianal, 234reticulated, of livedo reticularis, 301

Erythema ab igne, 300–301Erythrasma, 17–18Exercise-induced angioedema/anaphylaxis

(EIA), 127, 183, 195–199Exostosis, subungual, 279–280

FFace masks, as contact dermatitis cause,

138–139Fencers

furunculosis in, 11, 12molluscum contagiosum in, 50

Fever blisters. See Herpes simplex virusinfections

Fire ant stings, 321Fire coral, 324–325Fish, poisonous, 334–336Fishermen. See also Outdoor sports

athletesallergic contact dermatitis in, 146–147

fishing bait-related, 147fishing rod-related, 142–143

basal cell carcinoma in, 115–122callosities (calluses) in, 216–219chilblains in, 307–308erysipeloid in, 21, 22squamous cell carcinoma in, 118Vibrio infections in, 30–31

Fish handler’s disease (erysipeloid), 21–22

Fishing bait, as contact dermatitis cause,146–147

Fishing rods, as contact dermatitis cause,142–143

Fly bites, 316, 317–321Folliculitis, 6, 8–11, 15

hot-tub, 8, 24–27Fomites, 9Foosball finger, 222–224Football players. See also Outdoor sports

athletesacne keloidalis nuchae in, 287–288acne mechanica in, 282, 283, 284allergic contact dermatitis in, 150

helmets and face masks-related,138–139

black heel in, 245–247cholinergic urticaria in, 182–184curvularia lunata in, 78–79dermatographism in, 186–187football toenail in, 274–275frostbite in, 302–306folliculitis in, 12–13, 14, 15furunculosis in, 11, 12–13, 16gram-positive infections in, 4hot-tub folliculitis in, 24, 25impetigo in, 4, 5nodules in, 95–96onychocryptosis (ingrown toenail) in,

266–268tinea cruris in, 71, 72–73warts (verrucae) in, 51

Football toenail, 274–275Footwear

as allergic contact dermatitis cause,135–137

as bullae cause, 210, 213–214, 215Freckles, sun damage-related, 119Frisbee nail, 269–270Frostbite, 302–306Frostnip, 302Fungal skin infections. See Dermatophyte

infectionsFurunculosis/furuncles, 4, 11–16Fusobacterium ulcerans, 31l

GGhost anemone, 327Goggles

as allergic contact dermatitis cause,127–130

as purpura cause, 257–258Golfers. See also Outdoor sport athletes

acne mechanica in, 282, 283, 284callosities (calluses) in, 216–219golfer’s nail in, 270

Index 343

Golfer’s nail, 270Granuloma, swimming pool, 81–83Green foot, 22–23Green hair, 293–294Green nails, 66Gymnasts

abrasions and chafing in, 203–207alopecia in, 243balance beam alopecia in, 243callosities (calluses) in, 216–219friction injuries in

to the hair, 242–243to the skin, 203–207

irritant contact dermatitis in, 176–177molluscum contagiosum in, 47warts (verrucae) in, 51

HHair

blonding (bleaching) or drying of,158–159, 295

friction injuries to, 241–244green, 293–294

Hammer throwers, anabolic steroid use by,297

Hammertoe deformity, 210Handball players, exercise-induced

angioedema/anaphylaxis in, 195–198Handles, as allergic contact dermatitis cause,

140–143Hand protection, for karate practitioners, 227Heating pads, 300–301Helmets

as acne keloidalis nuchae cause, 287, 288as acne mechanica cause, 282, 284as allergic contact dermatitis cause,

138–139Hematomas, subungual, 263, 264, 272, 275,

276, 277, 278Herpes gladiatorum, 6, 37, 39–41, 42, 43,

44, 46, 285, color plate IIdesignated as herpes luctator, 39return-to-play guidelines for, 45, 46

Herpes labialis, 35–38Herpes luctator, 39. See also Herpes

gladiatorumHerpes rugbeiorum, 37, 39, 40–41, 43, 44,

46, color plate IIHerpes simplex virus infections, 35, 38–47

prevention of, 44–47Hidradenitis, idiopathic palmoplantar, 28,

248–249, color plate VIHigh-altitude exposure, 300Hives. See Urticaria

Hockey dermatitis, 165Hockey players

abrasions and chafing in, 203–207acne mechanica in, 282, 284allergic contact dermatitis in, 138–139cold urticaria 181, 184–186friction injuries to the skin in, 203–207hockey dermatitis, 165irritant contact dermatitis in, 172–173lacerations in, 204molluscum contagiosum in, 50nodules in, 95pseudonodules in, 102skater’s toenail in, 278–279skier’s cold purpura, 306–307tinea pedis in, 60

Hockey sticks, as contact dermatitis cause,172–173

Horseback riders. See EquestriansHorseshoe crab stings, 330–331Hot-foot syndrome, 27–28“Hot spots,” 210, 211, 214, 216Hot-tub folliculitis, 8, 24–27Hot tubs, sanitation equipment for, 7, 11Human papilloma virus, 52Hurdlers, abrasions in, 203Hymenoptera stings, 321–322Hyperkeratosis, subungual, 264

IIce packs, as contact dermatitis cause,

173–174Ice skaters. See also Hockey players

abrasions and chafing in, 203–207friction injuries to the skin in, 203–207lacerations in, 204skate bite, 102skater’s toenail in, 278–279speed skaters, frostbite in, 302–306

Impetigo, 4–8, 285, color plate Idifferential diagnosis of, 43

Ingrown toenails (onychocryptosis), 262–263Injured athletes. See also Trauma-related

skin conditionsallergic contact dermatitis in

athletic tape-related, 148elbow splints-related, 153–154hot tub folliculitis, 8, 24–27jogging cream-related, 149knee and ankle braces-related, 153–154topical anesthetics-related, 151topical antibiotics-related, 152–153topical anti-inflammatory agents-related,

150

344 Index

Injured athletes (cont.)cholinergic urticaria in, 182–184erythema ab igne in, 300–301herpes simplex virus infections in, 38–47ice pack-related irritant contact dermatitis

in, 173–174verrucous squamous cell carcinoma in,

82warts (verrucae) in, 52

Insect bites. See Arthropod bite reactionsInsect stings, 321–322. See also Arthropod

bite reactionsIntertrigo

Candida-related, 71, 72–73maceration, differential diagnosis of, 17

Itching. See Pruritus

JJavelin throwers, anabolic steroid use by,

297Jazz ballet bottom, 224Jellyfish stings, 323–324, 325–327Jet skiers. See also Boaters

wet suit-related dermatitis in, 130Jock itch. See Tinea crurisJoggers. See also Runners

alopecia in, 244jogging cream-related contact dermatitis

in, 149Jogger’s nipples, 225–226Jogger’s toenail, 262Jogging cream, as contact dermatitis cause,

148–149Judo carpet, as contact dermatitis cause, 160Judo practitioners

callosities (calluses) in, 216–219contact dermatitis in, 160tinea pedis in, 58, 60, 62

KKarate cicatrices, 226–227Karate nail, 271Karate practitioners

callosities (calluses) in, 216–219karate cicatrices in, 226–227karate nail in, 271

Kayakers. See also Boaterscallosities (calluses) in, 216–219pulling boat hands in, 285–287“soft skin” in, 209

Keratolysis, pitted, 18–20Keratoses

actinic, 118–120, 300hyperkeratotic, 53

Knee and shin guardsas allergic contact dermatitis cause,

137–138as folliculitis cause, color plate I

Knuckle pads, 103–104

LLacerations, 204, 226–229Lacrosse players

allergic contact dermatitis in, 138–139black heel in, 245–246

Lawn bowlers, allergic contact dermatitis in,139–140

Leukoderma, raccoonlike periorbital,128–129

Lice, 84, 86–88. See also Pediculosissea lice (seabather’s eruption), 311–314,

315Lichen simplex chronicus, 234Line markers, as irritant contact dermatitis

cause, 165–167Livedo reticularis, reticulated erythema of,

301Lugers. See also Outdoor sports athletes

chilblains, 286, 307–308cold urticaria in, 184–186frostbite in, 302–306skier’s cold purpura, 306–307

Lyngbya majuscula, 169Lyngbyatoxin, 169

MManual implements, as contact dermatitis

cause, 139–140Mask burn, 132Masks, as allergic contact dermatitis cause,

132–133, 138–139Medical supplies, as allergic contact

dermatitis cause, 147–153Medications

as contact dermatitis cause, 149–153photosensitizing, 108, 109

Melanoma, 106, 111–115 color plate VIamelanotic, 112differentiated from

black heel, 245, 246center’s callosities, 272–273football toenail, 274jogger’s toenail, 262skater’s toenail, 278–279skier’s toenail, 275–277soccer toenail, 277–278tennis toe, 262–264windsurfer’s nail, 280–281

Index 345

Methicillin resistance, in Staphylococcusaureus, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11–16

Micrococcus, 18Microsporum, 65Midge bites, 317Military personnel, bullae (blisters) in, 209Molluscum contagiosum, 8, 47–51, color

plates II, IIIMollusk-related injuries, 328–329Mosquito bites, 316, 317, 320Mountaineers. See also Outdoor sports

athletescanyoning hands in, 164–165palmoplantar eccrine hidradenitis in, 248

Mouth guards, for karate practitioners, 227Mupirocin, 7, 10Mycobacterial infections, in swimmers, 3

atypical, 81–83Mycobacterium marinum infections, 81–83Mycobacterium scrofulaceum infections, 81Myiasis, cutaneous, 85–86

NNails, traumatic injuries to, 262–289National Collegiate Athletic Association

injury surveillance system of, 39, 86, 88skin infection guidelines of, 64, 68

for furunulosis, 16for herpes gladiatorum, 45, 46for impetigo, 7for lice, 87–88for molluscum, 50for scabies, 91for tinea corporis gladiatorum, 75for tinea pedia, 64for verruca, 54for wrestlers, 7, 10–11, 16, 50, 54, 75, 88

National Federation of State High SchoolAssociations, 47

National Football League, 287–288, 302Neosporin, allergic reactions to, 151–152Nike nodules, 102Nipple injuries

in cyclists, 208–209in joggers, 208

Nitrogen bends, 295–296Nodules

athlete’s, 95–105Nike, 102

Noncontact sports athletes. See also specificnoncontact sports

herpes labialis in, 35–38Nose clips, as contact dermatitis cause,

134–135

OOctopus stings, 329–330Olympic athletes, anabolic steroid use by,

297Onychauxis, 278Onychocryptosis (ingrown toenail), 262–263Onycholysis, 264, 265, 278, 279Onychomycosis (tinea unguium), 64, 65–68

confused with center’s callosities, footballtoenail, jogger’s toenail, skater’stoenail, soccer toenail, skier’s toenail,tennis toe, windsurfer’s nail, 262–264

Onychoptosis defluvium, 272Orthotics, for callosities (calluses)

prevention, 219, 222Otitis externa (swimmer’s ear), 28–30Outdoor sports athletes. See also names of

specific outdoor sportsarthropod bite reactions in, 316–322arthropod stings in, 322–323basal cell carcinoma in, 115–118herpes labialis in, 35, 37melanoma in, 111–115poison ivy in, 154–155solar urticaria in, 187–190squamous cell carcinoma, 82, 106,

118–122, 300sunburn in, 106–111ultraviolet radiation in, 300

PPack dermatitis, 165Pads, sports-related, 103–104Paintball purpura, 249–250Palmoplantar eccrine hidradenitis, 28,

248–249, color plate VIPanniculitis, equestrian, 308–310Papillomatosis, confluent and reticulated,

69–70Parasitic skin infections, 3, 84–92“Pebble in shoe” sensation, 220Pediculosis, 86–88Perniosis, equestrian, 308–310Photolichenoid dermatitis, 155–157Photosensitization, medication-induced, 108,

109Piezogenic pedal papules, 250–252, color

plate VIIPing-pong patches, 252–253Pityrosporum infections, 8, 24, 26, 69Plants, as contact dermatitis cause, 154–157Platform purpura, 253–254Playing fields, as contact dermatitis cause,

164–171

346 Index

Poison ivy, 154–155Polaris vulgaris, 302Pool dermatitis, 165, 167–168Pool palms, 229–230Pool water dermatitis, 158–159, 167–168Portuguese man-of-war stings, 323–324Port-wine stains, 254–255Powerlifter’s patches, 230–231Powerlifter’s purpura, 255–256Prodrome, herpes labialis-related, 36Protective equipment. See also Helmets

as allergic contact dermatitis cause, 137–139Pruritus, 180–182. See also Urticaria

aquagenic, 180, 181exercise-induced angioedema/anaphylaxis

(EIA)-related, 195Pseudomonas infections, 3–4

diving suit dermatitis, 23–24green foot, 22–23green nails, 66hot-foot syndrome, 27–28hot-tub folliculitis, 25otitis externa (swimmer’s ear), 29onychomycosis (tinea unguium)-

associated, 66tinea pedis-associated, 62

Pseudonodules, 102–103Psoriasis

differential diagnosis of, 17, 64, 65–68,141, 262–263

inverse, differential diagnosis of, 17Pulling boat hands, 286–287Purpura

gogglorum, 257–258paintball, 249–250platform, 253–254powerlifter’s, 255–256of prolonged running, 256–257skier’s cold, 306–307

RRace walkers, jogger’s toenail in, 264–266Racquetball players

black palm in, 247–248callosities (calluses) in, 218exercise-induced angioedema/anaphylaxis

in, 195–198hot-tub folliculitis in, 24racquet-related allergic contact dermatitis

in, 141–143racquet sport patches in, 258–260stringer’s fingers in, 235–236

Racquets, as contact dermatitis cause,141–142

Racquet sport athletes. See also Badmintonplayers; Racquetball players; Squashplayers; Tennis players

contact dermatitis in, 141–142Racquet sport patches, 258–259 color plate

VIIRafters. See also Outdoor sports athletes

contact dermatitis in, 174–175furunculosis in, 11, 13–14, 15

Raspberry (abrasion), 205Red tide dermatitis, 168–169Rehabilitation, hot-tub folliculitis

transmission during, 24Rhus dermatitis (poison ivy), 154–155River rafting guides, furunculosis in, 13–14Rollerbladers. See also Outdoor sports

athletesabrasions and chafing in, 203–207callosities (calluses) in, 216–219friction injuries to the skin in, 203–207palmoplantar eccrine hidradenitis in, 248protective equipment use by, 207skate bite, 102skater’s toenail, 278–279

Rowers. See also Boaterscallosities (calluses) in, 216–219rower’s rump in, 231–232track bites in, 237warts (verrucae) in, 36, 51–52

Rower’s rump, 231–232Rubber allergy, 130–131Rugby players. See also Outdoor sports

athletesfurunculosis in, 11, 12gram-positive infections in, 4herpes rugbeiorum in, 39, 40, 41herpes simplex virus infections in, 36, 38,

39, 40, 41, 46impetigo in, 4, 5lacerations in, 227–228molluscum contagiosum in, 47tinea corporis, 3, 6, 73–77, 285tropical ulcers in, 31

Runners. See also Outdoor sports athletesallergic contact dermatitis in, 150

athletic shoes-related, 135–137jogging cream-related, 149

callosities (calluses) in, 216–218cholinergic urticaria in, 182–184cross-country

molluscum contagiosum in, 36, 49sunscreen use by, 110, 117, 121

exercise-induced angioedema/anaphylaxis(EIA) in, 195–198

Index 347

footwear for, 213–214as abrasion and chafing cause, 135–137

frostbite in, 302–306, 305jogger’s alopecia in, 243–244jogger’s nipples in, 225–226long-distance, jogger’s toenail in, 264–266marathon

bullae (blisters) in, 209chafing and abrasions in, 203jogger’s nipples in, 225–226jogger’s toenail in, 264tinea pedis in, 59, 60, 62

molluscum contagiosum in, 36, 47, 49“Nike” nodules, 102nodules in, 95onychomycosis (tinea unguium) in, 65palmoplantar eccrine hidradenitis in, 248piezogenic pedal papules in, 250–252pitted keratolysis in, 18pseudonodules in, 102purpura of prolonged running in, 256–257runner’s rubrum in, 77–78runner’s rump, 233runner’s toe, 265–266steeplechase, abrasions in, 203tinea pedis in, 57, 58–59tinea unguium (onychomycosis) in, 65traumatic plantar urticaria in, 192–193treadmill tracks in, 237–238vibratory angioedema in, 197

Runner’s rubrum, 77–78Runner’s rump, 233Runner’s toe, 265–266. See also Tinea

unguium (onychomycosis)

SSaddle sores, 233–235Sailors. See BoatersScabies, 24, 26, 84, 88–92Schistosome dermatitis, 314Scorpion fish, 334Scrum kidney, 6Scrum pox, 39Scrum strep, 4Scuba divers. See also Boaters

abrasions and chafing in, 203–207allergic contact dermatitis in, 131,

132–133diving suit dermatitis in, 23–24sea water dermatitis, 157–158swim fin-related, 131–132underwater mask-related, 132–133wet suit-related, 130

chafing in, 203

friction injuries to the skin in, 203–207herpes labialis in, 36, 38skin bends in, 295–296

Sea anemone stings, 327–328Seabather’s eruption (sea lice), 311–314, 315Sea creature-related abrasions, 337Sea creature-related stings, 323–336Sea lice (seabather’s eruption), 311–314, 315Sea water exposure

as allergic contact dermatitis cause,157–158

as irritant contact dermatitis cause,168–169

as Staphylococcus aureus infection cause,4

Seaweed dermatitis, 169–170Shin and knee guards, as contact dermatitis

cause, 137–138Shingles, 39Shoes, athletic. See FootwearShotguns, as irritant contact dermatitis

cause, 175–176Shot putters

acne mechanica in, 282, 283, 284anabolic steroid use by, 297

Showers, communal, 52, 58Shrimp picker’s disease (erysipeloid), 21–22Skate bite, 102Skaters

ice. See Ice skatersin-line. See Rollerbladers

Skater’s toenail, 278–279Skiers. See also Lugers

abrasions and chafing in, 203–207black palm in, 247, 248exercise-induced angioedema/anaphylaxis

in, 195–198friction injuries to the skin in, 203–207lacerations in, 204Mogul, black palm in, 247–249skier’s toenail in, 275–277sunscreen use by, 107, 108, 121

Skier’s cold purpura, 306–307Skier’s toenail, 275–277Ski jumpers. See also Lugers

abrasions and chafing in, 203–207friction injuries to the skin in, 203–207

Skin bends, 295–296Skin cancer, 106

basal cell carcinoma, 106, 115–118heat exposure-related, 300melanoma, 106, 111–115, 245, 246, 274squamous cell carcinoma, 82, 106,

118–122, 300

348 Index

Smallpox, 35Snorkelers. See also Boaters

allergic contact dermatitis in, 131,132–133

swim fin-related dermatitis, 131–132underwater mask-related dermatitis,

132–133wet suit dermatitis, 130

coral-related abrasions in, 337impetigo in, 4

Snowboarders. See also Lugerssunscreen use by, 107, 108, 121

Snowmobilers. See also Lugershot-tub folliculitis in, 24, 25

Soccer players. See also Outdoor sportsathletes

abrasions and chafing in, 203–207allergic contact dermatitis in

photolichenoid, 156–157shin and knee guard-related, 137–138

black heel in, 245–246cement burns, 165–167friction injuries to the skin in, 203–207gram-positive infections in, 4herpes simplex virus infections in, 38impetigo in, 4irritant contact dermatitis in, 165–167lacerations in, 204nodules in, 95, 103, 104pads in, 95, 103, 104soccer toenail in, 277–278sunscreen use by, 110, 117, 121tinea pedis in, 57, 59

Soccer toenail, 277–278Softball players. See Baseball players“Spaghetti and meatballs,” 70Splints, elbow, as contact dermatitis cause,

153Sponge dermatitis, 170–171, 337Sponge-diver’s disease, 327Sports equipment

as acne mechanica cause, 282–283, 284,285

as allergic contact dermatitis cause,127–147

as molluscum contagiosum cause, 50Squamous cell carcinoma, 82, 106, 118–122,

300verrucous, as swimming pool granuloma

mimic, 82Squash players

allergic contact dermatitis in, 144ball-related, 144–145racquet-related, 141–143

callosities (calluses) in, 218racquet sport patches in, 258–260stringer’s fingers in, 235–236

Staphylococcus aureus infectionsfolliculitis, 8–11furunculosis, 4, 11–16impetigo, 4, 6, 7jazz ballet bottom, 224methicillin-resistant, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11–16otitis externa (swimmer’s ear), 29

Starfish, 333Steroids, anabolic, 297–299Stingrays, 336Stings

insect-related, 321–322sea creature-related, 323–336

Strawberry (abrasion), 205Streptococcus infections, 4Striae distenase, 298Stria migrans, 259–260Stringer’s fingers, 235–236Sunburn, 106–111, 114, 121

prevention of, 114, 117Sun exposure. See Ultraviolet radiation (UV)

exposureSunscreen, 38, 106, 107, 109, 110, 114, 117,

190as sunburn risk factor, 117water-resistant, 314

Surfers. See also Boaterscoral-related abrasions in, 337impetigo in, 4irritant contact dermatitis in, 170,

174–175rafts and boogie boards-related,

174–175nodules in, 95, 98–100wet suit-related dermatitis in, 130

Surfer’s knots. See Surfer’s nodulesSurfer’s nodules, 98–100Surfer’s ulcers. See Surfer’s nodulesSweating, as sunburn risk factor, 108, 117,

121Sweaty sock syndrome, 18Swim fins, as contact dermatitis cause,

131–132Swim goggles

as contact dermatitis cause, 127–130as purpura cause, 257–258

Swimmers. See also Outdoor sports athletesallergic contact dermatitis in

nose clips and earplugs-related,134–135

seaweed-related, 157–159

Index 349

swim fins-related, 131–132swim goggles-related, 127–130swimming cap-related, 133–134underwater masks-related, 132–133wet suit-related, 130–131

aquagenic urticaria in, 190–191atypical mycobacterial skin infections in,

81–83bleached swimmer syndrome, 158–159bikini bottom in, 20–21cold urticaria in, 184–186contact urticaria in, 191–192coral-related abrasions in, 337cutaneous myiasis in, 85–86erysipeloid in, 21furunculosis in, 11–16gram-positive infections in, 4green hair in, 293–294hot-foot syndrome in, 27–28impetigo in, 4irritant contact dermatitis in

pool water dermatitis, 167–168red tide dermatitis, 168–169seaweed dermatitis, 169–170swimmer’s shoulder, 178–179

molluscum contagiosum in, 36, 47, 49onychomycosis (tinea unguium) in, 65otitis externa (swimmer’s ear) in, 28–30pool palms in, 229–230pool water dermatitis in, 158–160pruritus in, 180–181, 180–182purpura gogglorum in, 257–258seabather’s eruption (sea lice) in, 311–314sea creature-related abrasions in, 337sea creature-related stings in, 323–336sea water dermatitis in, 157–158seaweed dermatitis in, 169–170sponge dermatitis, 170–171Staphylococcus aureus infections in, 4swimmer’s itch in, 314–316swimmer’s shoulder, 165, 178–179swimming pool granuloma in, 81–83tinea corporis in, 76tinea pedis in, 57, 59, 60, 62tinea unguium (onychomycosis) in,

65–68verrucae in, 36Vibrio infections in, 30–31warts (verrucae) in, 51, 52

Swimmer’s ear (otitis externa), 28–30Swimmer’s itch, 24, 26, 314–316Swimmer’s shoulder, 165, 178–179Swimming caps, as contact dermatitis cause,

133–134

Swimming equipment, as contact dermatitiscause, 127–134

Swimming pool granuloma, 81–83Swimming pools

contact dermatitis in, 158–159, 167–168copper deposits in, 293–294hot-tub folliculitis transmission in, 25

Swimming pool water dermatitis, 158–159,167–168

Sycosis barbae, 77Synchronized swimmers. See also Outdoor

sports athletesaquagenic urticaria in, 190–191allergic contact dermatitis,127–163

nose clips and earplugs-related,134–135

swim goggles-related, 127–130swimming cap-related, 133–134

atypical mycobacterial infections in,81–83

bikini bottom in, 20–21blonded or dried hair in, 294–295cold urticaria in, 184–186contact urticaria in, 191–192green hair in, 293–294hot foot syndrome in, 27–28molluscum contagiosum in, 8, 47–51onychomycosis (tinea unguium) in, 65otitis externa (swimmer’s ear) in, 28–30pool water dermatitis in, 158–160,

167–168pruritus in, 180–182purpura googlorum in, 257–258swimming pool granuloma in, 81–83tinea pedis in, 3, 57, 58–65warts (verruca) in, 51, 52

TTable tennis players, ping-pong patches in,

252–253“Talon noire,” 245, 247. See also Black heelTape, athletic, as contact dermatitis cause,

147–148Tennis players. See also Outdoor sports

athletes; Table tennis playersabrasions and chafing in, 203–207acne mechanica in, 282–283, 284allergic contact dermatitis in, 141–142

athletic shoes-related, 135–137tennis racquet-related, 141–143

black heel in, 245–247black palm in, 247–248bullae (blisters) in, 209callosities (calluses) in, 216–219

350 Index

Tennis players (cont.)exercise-induced angioedema/anaphylaxis

in, 195–198friction injuries to the skin in, 203–207lacerations in, 204onychocryptosis (ingrown toenail) in,

266–268pitted keratolysis in, 18stringer’s fingers in, 235–236tennis thighs in, 236tennis toe in, 262–264

Tennis racquets, as contact dermatitis cause,141–142

Tennis thighs, 236Tennis toe, 262–264Testosterone, synthetic derivatives of. See

Anabolic steroidsTetanus immunization, 207Thermal reactions/injuries, 300–310

bicyclist’s nipples, 208Tinea corporis, 76–77Tinea corporis gladiatorum, 3, 6, 73–76,

285differential diagnosis of, 43

Tinea cruris, 3, 17, 71–73Tinea gladiatorum. See Tinea corporis

gladiatorumTinea pedis, 3, 57, 58–65Tinea unguium (onychomycosis), 64, 65–68

confused with center’s callosities, footballtoenail, jogger’s toe, skater’s toenail,skier’s toenail, soccer toenail, tennistoe, windsurfer’s nail, 265–266

Tinea versicolor, 69–71Tobogganers. See Lugers“Toe jam,” 280–281Toes, traumatic injuries to, 262–268Tongue depressors, color plate IIITopical anesthetics, as contact dermatitis

cause, 150–151Topical anti-inflammatory agents, as contact

dermatitis cause, 149–150Track and field athletes. See also Runners

acne mechanica in, 282–285allergic contact dermatitis in, 147

athletic tape-related, 148anabolic steroid use in, 297–299callosities (calluses) in, 216–219, 218friction injuries to the skin in, 203–207lacerations in, 204

Track bites, 237Trapshooters, irritant contact dermatitis in,

175–176Trapshooter’s stigma, 175–176

Trauma-related skin conditionscombined factors-related, 282–292friction injuries, 203–244in the nails and toes, 262–289pounding-related, 203pressure-related, 203, 245–261

Treadmill tracks, 237–238Triathlon athletes. See also Cyclists; Outdoor

sports athletes; Runners; SwimmersTrichophyton equinum, 73Trichophyton mentagrophytes, 59, 65, 71Trichophyton rubrum, 60, 65, 71, 73, 77–78Trichophyton tonsurans, 73, 75–76Trichophyton verrucosum, 73Trichophytosis gladiatorum. See Tinea

corporis gladiatorumTropical ulcers, 31–32

UUlcers

surfer’s (surfer’s nodules), 98–99, 100tropical, 31–32

Ultraviolet radiation (UV) exposure, 300as herpes labialis cause, 35–36, 37, 38herpes simplex virus infection-reactivating

effects of, 35–36as photolichenoid dermatitis cause,

155–157prevention of, 38, 109–111, 114–115

with photoprotective clothing, 108, 109,111, 114–115, 117–118, 121–122

with sunscreens, 38, 106, 107, 109,110, 114, 117, 190, 314

as skin cancer cause, 106, 111–122basal cell carcinoma, 115–118melanoma, 106, 111–115, 245, 246, 274squamous cell carcinoma, 82, 106,

118–122, 300as solar urticaria cause, 181, 187–190

Underwater masks, as allergic contactdermatitis cause, 132–133

Urticaria, 127, 180aquagenic, 181, 190–191cholinergic, 181, 182–184

differentiated from exercise-inducedangiodema/anaphylaxis (EIA),196–197

cold, 181, 184–186contact, 191–192dermatographism, 186–187exercise-induced angioedema/anaphylaxis

(EIA)-related, 196solar, 181, 187–190traumatic plantar, 192–194

Index 351

VVastus medialis muscles, hypertrophic, 236Verrucae (warts), 36, 50, 51–54

differentiated from callosities (calluses),53, 217

return-to-play guidelines for, 50Vibratory angioedema, 197Vibrio infections, 22, 30–31Viral skin infections, 35–56. See also names

of specific virusesherpes labialis, 35–38herpes simplex, 36, 38–47molluscum contagiosum, 36, 47–51warts (verrucae), 36, 51–54

Volleyball players. See also Outdoor sportsathletes

bikini bottom in, 20cutaneous larva migrans in, 84molluscum contagiosum in, 47, 50

WWarts. See Verrucae (warts)Water polo players. See Synchronized

swimmersWater-skiers. See also Boaters

waterskiing welts in, 238–239wet suit dermatitis in, 130

Water-skiing welts, 238–239Waterslide/waterpark users. See also

Synchronized swimmersaquaslide alopecia in, 241–243hot-tub folliculitis in, 24, 25

Water sports participation. See also specificwater sports

as basal cell carcinoma risk factor, 115as melanoma risk factor, 111–112, 112as squamous cell carcinoma risk factor, 118

Water tubers. See also Boatersabrasions and chafing in, 203–207contact dermatitis in, 170friction injuries to the skin in, 203–207

Weightliftersabrasions and chafing in, 230–231acne mechanica in, 282, 283, 284allergic contact dermatitis in, 145

chalk-related, 145–146metal weights-related, 145–146

anabolic steroid use in, 297black heel in, 245–246black palm in, 247–248callosities (calluses) in, 216–219furunculosis in, 11irritant contact dermatitis in, 171powerlifter’s patches in, 230–231

powerlifter’s purpura in, 255–256stria migrans in, 260warts (verrucae) in, 51weightlifter’s nail in, 271–272

Weightlifter’s nail, 271–272Weights, metal, as allergic contact dermatitis

cause, 145Wet suit dermatitis, 130Wet suits, as allergic contact dermatitis

cause, 130–131Whirlpools

Pseudomonas folliculitis transmission in,25, 27

sanitation equipment for, 7Staphylococcus infection transmission in, 9

Wind sailors, sunburn in, 106Wind surfers. See also Boaters

allergic contact dermatitis in, 140–141wet suit-related, 130wishbone-related, 140–141

lacerations in, 228wind surfer’s nail in, 280–281

Wind surfer’s nail, 280–281Winter sports athletes. See LugersWishbone, as contact dermatitis cause,

140–141Women athletes

anabolic steroid use by, 297bikini bottom in, 20jogger’s nipples in, 225, 226molluscum contagiosum in, 47pulling boat hands in, 286solar urticaria in, 187

Wrestlersabrasions and chafing in, 203–207acne mechanica in, 282, 283, 284folliculitis treatment in, 10–11friction injuries to the skin in, 203–207folliculitis in, 13furunculosis in, 8, 13gram-positive infections in, 4herpes gladiatorum in, 39, 40, 41herpes simplex virus infections in, 36, 38,

39, 41, 43, 44, 45, 46impetigo in, 4, 5, 7incorrect skin disease diagnoses in, 45molluscum contagiosum in, 47, 50pediculosis in, 86–88scabies in, 88–92tinea corporis gladiatorum in, 73–76warts (verrucae) in, 51, 54

XXerosis (dry skin), 180–182, 217

Color Plate I

Figure 1-1. Well-defined, erythematous, centrally crusted papule characteristicof impetigo located on an arm.

Figure 1-4. Well-defined, scattered, red, follicular papules and pustules that areclassic for folliculitis occurring under occlusive knee pads.

II Color Plate

Figure 2-2. Grouped vesicles on an erythematous base are characteristic ofherpes gladiatorum or herpes rugbeiorum. The ears are commonly affected inwrestlers.

Figure 2-5. Molluscum contagiosum is characterized by a white well-circumscribed papule with a central dell.

Color Plate III

Figure 2-6. Very small lesions of molluscum contagiosum not uncommonlymimic folliculitis in athletes.

Figure 2-7. A tongue depressor can double as a makeshift curette when a formalsurgical instrument is unavailable. The tongue depressor should be broken lon-gitudinally and the rounded end used as the “scooper.”

IV Color Plate

Figure 3-4. Microscopic examination of scale shows multiple hyphal structurestraversing the normal cells of the skin (corneocytes).

Figure 12-1. Symmetrical abrasions developed over a marathoner’s upper chestas a result of friction from her running top.

Color Plate V

Figure 12-7. Callosities frequently develop on the lateral aspects of the first toeand the ball of the foot.

Figure 12-8. A: Corns are painful, thick plaques on pressure points of the sole.They may appear to be warts or callosities. B: Paring thick scaling plaques onthe feet reveals a core characteristic of a corn. There are no normal skin mark-ings or “black dots”.

VI Color Plate

Figure 14-1. Irregularly shaped black macules and patches on the sole may beblack heel or melanoma. Linear streaks and punctate lesions favor the formerdiagnosis. This lesion displays a black lesion typical of melanoma on the sole.

Color Plate VII

Figure 14-3. Medial and yellow to skin-colored papulonodules portray piezo-genic pedal papules.

Figure 14-4. Erythematous plaque depicts one of the racquet sport patches. Notethe central clearing.

VIII Color Plate

Figure 15-6. Skier’s toenail.

Figure 16-1. Football playersfrequently develop acnemechanica beneath the chinstrap. This type of acne is muchmore difficult to treat thantypical acne vulgaris.