Indegenous Tribes of Philippines

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IND IGENOUS

COMMUNITIES

FridaySep tember

2011

30





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They are ethnic groups who are native

to a land or region, especially beforethe arrival and intrusion of a foreignand possibly dominating culture. Theyare a group of people whose membersshare a cultural identity that has been

shaped by their geographical region. Avariety of names are used in variouscountries to identify such groups ofpeople, but they generally areregarded as the "original inhabitants" ofa territory or region. Their right to self-determination may be materiallyaffected by the later-arriving ethnicgroups.



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P H I L I P P I N E S

- mountainous archipelago

- approx. 30 million hectares

- comprises of 7,100 Islands

- grouped into three regions:Luzon, Visayas, Mindanao





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•Development aggression describes efforts tomodernize indigenous peoples' ways of life,usually through large-scale industrial projectson indigenous lands. Rather than improvingtheir lives, such projects often force peopleout of their homes and into remote areas withpoor soil, destroying traditions that havesustained them for centuries.



V a r i o u s

I n d i g e n o u sG r o u p s



Cordillera (Northern Luzon) • Also known as IGOROTS

• Cordillerano, or Cordilleran, refer to theassemblage ofindigenous groups livingin highlands, foothills,and river valleys ofCordillera MountainRanges. This termbecame more commonafter a perceivednegative stigma in the

term IGOROT, which hadbeen incorrectly tobackwardness andinferiority

• Tingguian

• Isneg

• Kalinga

• Bontoc

• Sagada

• Ifugao

• Ibaloi

• Kankanaey

• Itawes

• Malaweg

• Yogad

• Gaddang

• Isabela

• Isinay

•Bugkalot



Tingguian, Isneg,

Northern Kalinga

• Found in thewatershed areas ofthe Abulag, Tineg,

and Chico Rivers.

• These groups arelargely swiddencultivators who

depend on farmingrice, root crops, andvegetables.



Bontoc, Sagada,Ifugao, andSounthern

Kalinga

• They are found alongthe slopes of mount

Data and nearbyareas.

• They are mainly wetrice cultivators who

grow their crops bothon irrigated terracesand swidden fields.



Ibaloi andKankanaey

• They are found

on the South

region of theCordillera

• Their economy is

based on wet

and dryagriculture



Itawes, Malaweg,Yogad, Gaddang

and Kalinga-Isabela, Isinay,Bugkalot

• They are found in themountains, foothills, andlow lands of Cagayan,Isabella, Nueva Vizcaya,and Quirino.

• They are in an advancestate of assimilation intothe national mainstreamwith substantial erosionof indigenous identityexcept language.



North, Central,and South

Luzon

• Also known as NEGRITO

• Negr i to occup ies the

dominantly Tagalog and

B i c o l t e r r i t o r i e s .

• T h e i r e c o n o m y h a v e

depended on swidden

a g r i c u l t u r e , h u n t i n g -

gathering, fishing, wage

l a b o r , a n d t r a d e .

T h e y a r e m o s t l y

d i s t ingu i shed by the i r

a u s t r a l o i d , p h y s i c a l

f e a t u r e s .

• Alta

•Arta

• Agta

• Aete

• Ayta

• Atta

• Ita

• Ati

• Dumagat

• Sinauna



Alta, Arta, Agta

• Once found in theNorthern Part of Luzonthen settled down tothe eastern part,along Sierra Madreand Pacific Coastdown to Bondoc and

Bicol mountains.



Aete, Ayta, Atta,Ita, Ati, Dumagat

and Sinauna

• Settle in western andsouthern Luzon, withlarger populationsnow found in theZambales-Bataanmountains andSouthern Tagalog

foothills.

• Others settled inPalawan, Banay,Negos, NorthernMindanao



Visayas

MANGYAN is thecollective term for

indigenous peopleof Mindoro.

Clustered intoNorthern andSouthernMangyan.

MINDORO

Northern Mangyan

• Tadyawan

• Alangan

• Iraya

Southern Mangyan

• Buhid

• Taobuid

• Hananuo

• Bangon

• Ratagnon

PALAWAN

• Cuyonin

• Agutaynen

• Tagbanwa

• Palaw’an

• Molbog

• Batak

• Tau’y Batu



Northern &SoutheRn Mangyan

(Tadyawan,AlanganIraya, Buhid, Taobuid

Hananuo, Bangon, Ratagnon)

• Mangyan’s of Mindoro

practice swiddenagriculture

• They also practicehunting, fishing,gathering and trade

•A small group CalledBANGON is consideredbranch of Taobuid

• Another small group,RATAGNON is related tothe Cuyonin of

Palawan.



Cuyonin, Agutaynen,

Tagbanwa, Palaw’an,Molbog, Batak, Tau’y Batu

• The Cuyonin no longer consider themselves as

indigenous groupbecause they had beenassimilated into themainstream culture.

•The Agutaynen,Tagbanwa, andKagayanen aredeemed already fullyassimilated, althoughsome indigenous ways of

life remain.



MindanaoMORO

Maranaw

Maguindanao

Tausug

Yakan

Samal

Sangil

Iranun

Kalibugan

Kalagan

LUMAD

Manobo

Bagobo

B’laan-T’boli-Tiruray

Mandaya-Mansaka

Subanen

Mamanwa

• The spread of Islam in Mindanao-Sulucreated a differentiation among it’snative people between those whobecame Muslin, also called MOROand those who did not, known as

LUMAD.

• Indigenous people in Mindanaobasically subsists through swiddenand wet rice cultivation, hunting,

fishing, gathering and trade in-locallymanufactured items.

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Indegenous Tribes of Philippines