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    Source: Sta t i s t ica l Abst rac t of the Uni ted Sta tes : 1938 Edi t ion .

    438 Income, Expenditures, and WealthU.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2006

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    Section 13

    Income, Expenditures, and Wealth

    This section presents data on grossdomestic product (GDP), gross nationalproduct (GNP), national and personalincome, saving and investment, moneyincome, poverty, and national and per-sonal wealth. The data on income andexpenditures measure two aspects of theU.S. economy. One aspect relates to theNational Income and Product Accounts(NIPA), a summation reflecting the entirecomplex of the nations economic incomeand output and the interaction of itsmajor components; the other relates tothe distribution of money income to fami-lies and individuals or consumer income.New information from the American Com-munity Survey may be found in Tables689692.

    The primary source for data on GDP, GNP,national and personal income, gross sav-ing and investment, and fixed reproduc-ible tangible wealth is the Survey of Cur- rent Business , published monthly by theBureau of Economic Analysis (BEA). Acomprehensive revision to the NIPA wasreleased beginning in October 1999. Dis-cussions of the revision appeared in the January, June, August, September and theDecember 2003 issues of the Survey of

    Current Business. Summary historical esti-mates appeared in the February 2004issue of the Survey of Current Business.Detailed historical data on the NIPA areavailable on an interactive Web site at.

    Sources of income distribution data arethe decennial censuses of population and

    the Current Population Survey (CPS), bothproducts of the U.S. Census Bureau (seetext, Section 1 and Section 4). Annualdata on income of families, individuals,and households are presented in Current Population Reports, Consumer Income ,P60 Series, in print, and many data seriesfound on the Census Web site at. Data on the household

    sectors saving and assets are published

    by the Board of Governors of the FederalReserve System in the quarterly Flow of Funds Accounts . The Board also periodi-cally conducts the Survey of Consumer Finances , which presents financial infor-mation on family assets and net worth.Detailed information on personal wealthis published periodically by the InternalRevenue Service (IRS) in SOI Bulletin .

    National income and product Grossdomestic product is the total output of goods and services produced by laborand property located in the United States,valued at market prices. GDP can beviewed in terms of the expenditure cat-egories that comprise its major compo-nents purchases of goods and services byconsumers and government, gross privatedomestic investment, and net exports of goods and services. The goods and ser-vices included are largely those boughtfor final use (excluding illegal transac-tions) in the market economy. A numberof inclusions, however, represent imputedvalues, the most important of which isrental value of owner-occupied housing.GDP, in this broad context, measures theoutput attributable to the factors of pro-duction located in the United States.

    Gross state product (GSP) is the grossmarket value of the goods and servicesattributable to labor and property locatedin a state. It is the state counterpart of thenations gross domestic product.

    In January 1996, BEA replaced its fixedweighted index as the featured measureof real GDP with an index based on chaintype annual weights. Changes in this

    measure of real output and prices are cal-culated as the average of changes basedon weights for the current and precedingyears. (Components of real output areweighted by price, and components of prices are weighted by output.) Theseannual changes are chained (multiplied)together to form a time series that allowsfor the effects of changes in relativeprices and changes in the composition of

    output over time. Quarterly and monthly

    Income, Expenditures, and Wealth 439U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2006

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    changes are also based on annualweights. The new output indexes areexpressed as 2000=100, and for recentyears, in 2000 dollars; the new priceindexes are based to 2000=100. For moreinformation on chain-dollar indexes, seethe article on this subject in the Novem-ber 2003 issue of the Survey of Current Business .

    Chained (2000) dollar estimates of mostcomponents of GDP are not published forperiods prior to 1990, because duringperiods far from the base period, the lev-els of the components may provide mis-leading information about their contribu-tions to an aggregate. Values are

    published in index form (2000=100) for1929 to the present to allow users to cal-culate the percent changes for all compo-nents, changes that are accurate for allperiods.

    Gross national product measures the out-put attributable to all labor and propertysupplied by United States residents. GNPdiffers from national income mainly in

    that GNP includes allowances for depre-ciation consumption of fixed capital.

    National Income includes all net incomes(net of CFC) earned in production.National income is the sum of compensa-tion of employees, proprietors incomewith inventory valuation adjustment (IVA)and capital consumption adjustment(CCAdj), rental income of persons with

    CCAdj, corporate profits with IVA andCCAdj, net interest and miscellaneouspayments, taxes on production andimports, business current transfer pay-ments, current surplus of governmententerprises, less subsidies.

    Capital consumption adjustment for cor-porations and for nonfarm sole propri-etorships and partnerships is the differ-

    ence between capital consumption basedon income tax returns and capital con-sumption measured using empirical evi-dence on prices of used equipment andstructures in resale markets, which haveshown that depreciation for most types of assets approximates a geometric pattern.The tax return data are valued at histori-cal costs and reflect changes over time inservice lives and depreciation patterns as

    permitted by tax regulations. Inventory

    valuation adjustment represents the dif-ference between the book value of inven-tories used up in production and the costof replacing them.

    Personal income is the current incomereceived by persons from all sourcesminus their personal contributions forgovernment social insurance. Classifiedas persons are individuals (includingowners of unincorporated firms), non-profit institutions that primarily serveindividuals, private trust funds, and pri-vate noninsured welfare funds. Personalincome includes personal current transferreceipts (payments not resulting from cur-rent production) from government andbusiness such as social security benefits,public assistance, etc., but excludestransfers among persons. Also includedare certain nonmonetary types of incomechiefly, estimated net rental value toowner-occupants of their homes and thevalue of services furnished without pay-ment by financial intermediaries. Capitalgains (net losses) are excluded.

    Disposable personal income is personalincome less personal current taxes. It isthe income available to persons forspending or saving. Personal currenttaxes are tax payments (net of refunds)by persons (except personal contributionsfor government social insurance) that arenot chargeable to business expense andcertain personal payments to general gov-ernment that are treated like taxes. Per-

    sonal taxes include income, estate andgift, and personal property taxes andmo-tor vehicle licenses. Nontax paymentsinclude passport fees, fines and forfei-tures, and donations.

    Gross domestic product byindustry The BEA also prepares esti-mates of value added by industry. Valueadded is a measure of the contribution of

    each private industry and of governmentto the Nations GDP. It is defined as anindustrys gross output (which consists of sales or receipts and other operatingincome, commodity taxes, and inventorychange) minus its intermediate inputs(which consists of energy, raw materials,semi-finished goods, and services that arepurchased from domestic industries orfrom foreign sources). These estimates of

    value added are produced for 61 private

    440 Income, Expenditures, and WealthU.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2006

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    industries and for 4 governmentclassificationsfederal general govern-ment and government enterprises andstate and local general government andgovernment enterprises.

    The estimates by industry are available incurrent dollars and are derived from theestimates of gross domestic income,which consists of three components thecompensation of employees, gross oper-ating surplus, and taxes on productionand imports, less subsidies. Real, orinflation-adjusted, estimates are also pre-pared.

    Regional Economic Accounts These

    accounts consist of estimates of state andlocal area personal income and of grossstate product and are consistent with esti-mates of personal income and grossdomestic product in the Bureaus nationaleconomic accounts. BEAs estimates of state and local area personal income pro-vide a framework for analyzing individualstate and local economies, and they showhow the economies compare with eachother. The personal income of a stateand/or local area is the income receivedby, or on behalf of, the residents of thatstate or area. Estimates of labor and pro-prietors earnings by place of work indi-cate the economic activity of businessand government within that area, andestimates of personal income by place of residence indicate the income within the

    area that is available for spending. BEAprepares estimates for states, counties,metropolitan areas, and BEA economicareas.

    Gross state product estimates measurethe value added to the Nations produc-tion by the labor and property in eachstate. GSP is often considered the statecounterpart of the Nations GDP. The GSPestimates provide the basis for analyzingthe regional impacts of national economictrends. GSP is measured as the sum of thedistributions by industry and state of thecomponents of gross domestic incomethat is, the sum of the costs incurred andincomes earned in the production of GDP.The GSP estimates are presented in cur-rent dollars and in real (chained dollars)

    for 63 industries.

    Consumer Expenditure Survey TheConsumer Expenditure Survey programwas begun in late 1979. The principalobjective of the survey is to collect cur-rent consumer expenditure data, whichprovide a continuous flow of data on thebuying habits of American consumers.The data are necessary for future revi-sions of the Consumer Price Index.

    The survey conducted by the CensusBureau for the Bureau of Labor Statisticsconsists of two components: (1) an inter-view panel survey in which the expendi-tures of consumer units are obtained infive interviews conducted every 3 mon-ths, and (2) a diary or recordkeeping sur-vey completed by participating house-holds for two consecutive 1-week period.

    Each component of the survey queries anindependent sample of consumer unitsrepresentative of the U.S. total popula-tion. Over 52 weeks of the year, 5,000consumer units are sampled for the diarysurvey. Each consumer unit keeps a diaryfor two 1-week periods yielding approxi-mately 10,000 diaries a year. The inter-view sample is selected on a rotatingpanel basis, targeted at 5,000 consumerunits per quarter. Data are collected in 88urban and 16 rural areas of the countrythat are representative of the U.S. totalpopulation. The survey includes studentsin student housing. Data from the twosurveys are combined; integration is nec-essary to permit analysis of total family

    expenditures because neither the diarynor quarterly interview survey wasdesigned to collect a complete account of consumer spending.

    Distribution of money income tofamilies and individuals Moneyincome statistics are based on data col-lected in various field surveys of incomeconducted since 1936. Since 1947, the

    Census Bureau has collected the data onan annual basis and published them inCurrent Population Reports , P60 Series. Ineach of the surveys, field representativesinterview samples of the population withrespect to income received during theprevious year. Money income as definedby the Census Bureau differs from the BEAconcept of personal income. Data onconsumer income collected in the CPS by

    the Census Bureau cover money income

    Income, Expenditures, and Wealth 441U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2006

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    received (exclusive of certain moneyreceipts such as capital gains) before pay-ments for personal income taxes, socialsecurity, union dues, medicare deduc-tions, etc. Therefore, money income doesnot reflect the fact that some familiesreceive part of their income in the form of noncash benefits (see Section 11) such asfood stamps, health benefits, and subsi-dized housing; that some farm familiesreceive noncash benefits in the form of rent-free housing and goods producedand consumed on the farm; or that non-cash benefits are also received by somenonfarm residents which often take theform of the use of business transportationand facilities, full or partial payments bybusiness for retirement programs, medi-cal and educational expenses, etc. Theseelements should be considered whencomparing income levels. None of theaggregate income concepts (GDP, nationalincome, or personal income) is exactlycomparable with money income, althoughpersonal income is the closest.

    In October 1983, the Census Bureaubegan to collect data under the new Sur-vey of Income and Program Participation-(SIPP). The data collected in SIPP will beused to study federal and state aid pro-grams (such as food stamps, welfare,medicaid, and subsidized housing), toestimate program costs and coverage,and to assess the effects of proposedchanges in program eligibility rules orbenefit levels. The core questions arerepeated at each interview and coverlabor force activity, the types andamounts of income received, and partici-pation status in various programs. Thecore also contains questions coveringattendance in postsecondary schools andprivate health insurance coverage. Vari-ous supplements or topical modules cov-ering areas such as educational attain-ment, assets and liabilities, and pensionplan coverage are periodically included.

    Poverty Families and unrelated indi-viduals are classified as being above orbelow the poverty level using the povertyindex originated at the Social SecurityAdministration in 1964 and revised byFederal Interagency Committees in 1969and 1980.

    The poverty index is based solely onmoney income and does not reflect thefact that many low-income personsreceive noncash benefits such as foodstamps, medicaid, and public housing.The index is based on the Department of Agricultures 1961 Economy Food Plan

    and reflects the different consumptionrequirements of families based on theirsize and composition. The poverty thresh-olds are updated every year to reflectchanges in the Consumer Price Index. Thefollowing technical changes to the thresh-olds were made in 1981: (1) distinctionsbased on sex of householder have beeneliminated, (2) separate thresholds for

    farm families have been dropped, and (3)the matrix has been expanded to familiesof nine or more persons from the old cut-off of seven or more persons. Thesechanges have been incorporated in thecalculation of poverty data beginning with1981. Besides the Census Bureau Web siteat , information on poverty

    guidelines and research may be found atthe U.S. Department of Human ServicesWeb site at .

    In the recent past, the Census Bureau haspublished a number of technical papersthat presented experimental poverty esti-mates based on income definitions that

    counted the value of selected governmentnoncash benefits. The Census Bureau hasalso published annual reports on aftertaxincome. In addition, in July 1999, the Cen-sus Bureau released a report (P60-205)that showed the effect of using experi-mental poverty following the recommen-dations of a National Academy of Sciencespanel on redefining our nations povertymeasure and recently published a reportentitled Alternative Poverty Estimates inthe United States: 2003 .

    Statistical reliability For a discussionof statistical collection and estimation,sampling procedures, and measures of statistical reliability pertaining to CensusBureau data, see Appendix III.

    442 Income, Expenditures, and WealthU.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2006

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    Table 651. Gross Domestic Product in Current and Real (2000) Dollarsby Industry: 2000 to 2004

    [In billions of dollars (9,817.0 represents $9,817,000,000,000). Data are based on the 1997 NAICS. Data include nonfactor charges(capital consumption allowances, indirect business taxes, etc.) as well as factor charges against gross product; corporate profitsand capital consumption allowances have been shifted from a company to an establishment basis]

    IndustryCurrent dollars Chained (2000) dollars

    2000 2002 2003 2004 2000 2002 2003 2004

    Gross domestic product 1 . . . . . . . . . . 9,817.0 10,487.0 11,004.0 11,735.0 9,817.0 10,074.8 10,381.4 10,841.9

    Private industries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,614.3 9,154.1 9,604.2 10,276.6 8,614.3 8,851.6 9,123.0 9,543.5Agriculture, forestry, and fishing . . . . . . . . . . 98.0 96.9 113.9 116.6 98.0 98.1 103.5 96.9

    Farms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71.5 70.8 84.8 (NA) 71.5 69.9 72.7 (NA)Agricultural services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.5 26.1 29.1 (NA) 26.5 28.3 31.1 (NA)

    Mining. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121.3 104.9 130.3 147.5 121.3 112.4 104.6 106.9Metal mining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81.0 60.4 83.2 (NA) 81.0 77.6 65.3 (NA)Coal mining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.0 27.4 27.7 (NA) 27.0 24.7 25.1 (NA)Oil and gas extraction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13.4 17.1 19.4 (NA) 13.4 10.9 12.7 (NA)

    Utilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189.3 210.7 222.2 241.2 189.3 190.7 202.0 213.0Construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435.9 479.1 501.3 541.4 435.9 425.1 424.1 433.4Manufacturing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,426.2 1,347.2 1,402.3 1,494.0 1,426.2 1,378.2 1,440.0 1,501.3

    Durable goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 865.3 771.9 798.0 862.6 865.3 824.2 874.5 925.7Wood products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.4 30.0 32.0 (NA) 31.4 29.9 29.9 (NA)Nonmetallic mineral products . . . . . . . . 45.7 43.3 43.3 (NA) 45.7 42.8 43.4 (NA)Primary metals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.2 41.6 38.9 (NA) 48.2 43.6 41.9 (NA)Fabricated metal products . . . . . . . . . . 121.7 109.4 112.2 (NA) 121.7 106.3 109.9 (NA)

    Machinery. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109.3 97.6 96.4 (NA) 109.3 94.5 93.7 (NA)Computer and electronic products . . . . . 185.6 130.5 147.6 (NA) 185.6 195.3 250.9 (NA)Electronic equipment, appliances,

    and components. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.6 46.1 47.3 (NA) 50.6 46.4 48.9 (NA)Motor vehicles, bodies and

    trailers, and parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118.1 114.1 121.9 (NA) 118.1 120.3 131.0 (NA)Other transportation equipment . . . . . . . 64.4 70.0 67.6 (NA) 64.4 64.5 60.1 (NA)Furniture and related products . . . . . . . 32.7 30.0 28.9 (NA) 32.7 28.2 27.2 (NA)Miscellaneous manufacturing . . . . . . . . 57.5 59.4 62.0 (NA) 57.5 55.9 57.8 (NA)

    Nondurable goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 561.0 575.3 604.4 631.4 561.0 553.0 566.2 578.4Food & beverage & tobacco . . . . . . . . . 154.8 172.5 173.3 (NA) 154.8 153.0 154.6 (NA)Textile mills & textile product mills . . . . . 26.5 22.3 21.7 (NA) 26.5 21.7 21.9 (NA)Apparel and leather and allied

    products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.1 24.7 25.0 (NA) 25.1 25.0 25.5 (NA)Paper products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55.6 50.8 51.5 (NA) 55.6 51.3 53.6 (NA)Printing & related support activities . . . . 49.0 46.0 45.2 (NA) 49.0 44.2 43.2 (NA)Petroleum and coal products . . . . . . . . 26.2 25.7 38.2 (NA) 26.2 31.5 28.1 (NA)Chemical products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157.1 167.0 181.5 (NA) 157.1 163.3 174.0 (NA)Plastics and rubber products . . . . . . . . 66.7 66.2 68.0 (NA) 66.7 63.6 66.1 (NA)

    Wholesale trade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 591.7 624.9 645.4 688.1 591.7 643.0 631.0 651.6Retail trade . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 662.4 744.3 770.5 797.6 662.4 746.4 788.4 829.7Transportation and warehousing . . . . . . . . . 301.6 304.4 319.3 338.6 301.6 299.1 314.2 324.7

    Air transportation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57.7 50.0 56.5 (NA) 57.7 61.1 73.8 (NA)Rail transportation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.5 25.8 26.6 (NA) 25.5 24.2 24.3 (NA)Water transportation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.2 7.0 7.7 (NA) 7.2 6.3 6.4 (NA)Truck transportation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92.8 95.4 97.2 (NA) 92.8 87.9 88.0 (NA)Transit & ground passenger transport. . . . . 14.5 15.8 16.3 (NA) 14.5 14.7 14.5 (NA)Pipeline transportation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.7 9.7 7.6 (NA) 8.7 8.0 7.7 (NA)Other transportation & support . . . . . . . . . 70.2 72.5 75.5 (NA) 70.2 69.6 71.2 (NA)Warehousing and storage . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.0 28.3 31.9 (NA) 25.0 27.1 30.3 (NA)

    Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 458.3 470.0 493.8 547.2 458.3 475.5 502.4 551.7Publishing industries (incl. software) . . . . . 116.7 116.1 120.9 (NA) 116.7 113.6 121.3 (NA)Motion picture and sound recording . . . . . 32.5 36.4 41.2 (NA) 32.5 33.5 35.5 (NA)

    Broadcasting & telecommunications . . . . . 271.3 272.8 283.0 (NA) 271.3 285.7 299.2 (NA)Information and data processingservices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37.7 44.7 48.6 (NA) 37.7 42.5 46.1 (NA)

    Finance and insurance 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 740.5 818.2 882.9 972.4 740.5 793.8 856.3 923.1Real estate and rental and leasing . . . . . . . . 1,190.5 1,330.0 1,367.4 1,451.3 1,190.5 1,239.7 1,244.1 1,295.7Professional, scientific, and technical

    services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 675.1 712.9 743.3 792.1 675.1 681.2 701.8 730.5Legal services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136.1 149.2 160.6 (NA) 136.1 135.8 140.8 (NA)Computer systems design, related

    services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125.7 123.1 126.6 (NA) 125.7 123.5 129.8 (NA)Miscellaneous services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 413.3 440.6 456.1 (NA) 413.3 421.9 431.2 (NA)

    Management of companies & enterprises . . . 183.4 178.0 191.3 213.6 183.4 179.8 186.5 197.2Administrative and waste management . . . . . 282.4 299.1 309.7 335.6 282.4 286.7 299.6 317.7Educational services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79.2 91.5 94.5 99.5 79.2 79.2 77.8 77.3Health care and social assistance . . . . . . . . 599.2 707.6 756.7 804.4 599.2 647.6 669.3 690.0

    Ambulatory health care services . . . . . . . . 307.6 367.8 391.1 (NA) 307.6 348.7 363.6 (NA)Hospitals, nursing, residential care . . . . . . 238.6 276.8 298.2 (NA) 238.6 241.7 246.8 (NA)Social assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.0 63.0 67.3 (NA) 53.0 57.9 59.9 (NA)

    Arts, entertainment, and recreation . . . . . . . . 88.7 102.5 106.6 111.8 88.7 94.7 95.6 97.5Performing arts, spectator sports,

    museums, and related activities . . . . . . . 40.0 46.8 49.0 (NA) 40.0 43.0 43.3 (NA)Amusements, gambling, & recreation . . . . 48.7 55.7 57.6 (NA) 48.7 51.6 52.3 (NA)

    Accommodation and food services . . . . . . . . 261.4 279.8 289.9 308.1 261.4 259.4 265.2 279.8Accommodation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90.7 90.4 93.2 (NA) 90.7 87.9 89.2 (NA)Food services and drinking places . . . . . . 170.8 189.4 196.6 (NA) 170.8 171.5 176.0 (NA)

    Government . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,202.7 1,332.9 1,399.9 1,458.4 1,202.7 1,230.4 1,247.3 1,262.4Federal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 378.7 415.8 447.1 465.4 378.7 380.6 390.3 395.6State and local . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 823.9 917.1 952.8 993.0 823.9 849.7 856.9 866.6

    NA Not available. 1 Includes industries, not shown separately.

    Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, Survey of Current Business, May 2005. See also (released 20 April 2005).

    444 Income, Expenditures, and WealthU.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2006

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    Table 652. Gross Domestic Product in Current and Real (2000) Dollars by Typeof Product and Sector: 1990 to 2004

    [In billions of dollars (5,803.1 represents $5,803,100,000,000) . For explanation of chained dollars, see text, this section]

    Type of product and sector 1990 1995 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

    CURRENT DOLLARS

    Gross domestic product . . . . . 5,803.1 7,397.7 8,747.0 9,268.4 9,817.0 10,128.0 10,487.0 11,004.0 11,735.0PRODUCT

    Goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,155.8 2,661.1 3,143.4 3,311.3 3,449.3 3,412.6 3,439.5 3,564.5 3,837.2Durable goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 957.9 1,235.7 1,530.5 1,616.5 1,689.4 1,588.6 1,570.9 1,618.8 1,752.0Nondurable goods . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,198.0 1,425.4 1,612.8 1,694.8 1,760.0 1,824.0 1,868.6 1,945.7 2,085.2

    Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,113.7 4,098.4 4,789.8 5,081.8 5,425.6 5,725.6 6,056.8 6,384.7 6,727.5Structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 533.5 638.1 813.8 875.3 942.1 989.8 990.7 1,054.8 1,170.3

    SECTORBusiness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,462.6 5,700.6 6,827.1 7,243.4 7,666.7 7,841.2 8,057.1 8,472.3 9,061.3

    Nonfarm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,386.0 5,632.0 6,748.2 7,174.7 7,595.1 7,768.0 7,986.3 8,387.5 8,974.6Farm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76.6 68.5 78.9 68.8 71.5 73.1 70.8 84.8 86.7

    Households and institutions . . . . . . . 618.9 815.5 949.7 1,012.3 1,080.7 1,160.4 1,235.2 1,276.5 1,367.6General government . . . . . . . . . . . . 721.6 881.6 970.3 1,012.7 1,069.6 1,126.4 1,194.8 1,255.3 1,306.1

    Federal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258.9 284.7 293.1 300.9 315.4 325.7 350.4 378.4 393.5State and local . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 462.6 596.9 677.2 711.8 754.2 800.8 844.3 876.9 912.6

    CHAINED ( 2000 ) DOLLARS

    Gross domestic product . . . . . 7,112.5 8,031.7 9,066.9 9,470.3 9,817.0 9,890.7 10,074.8 10,381.3 10,841.9PRODUCT

    Goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2,252.7 2,639.0 3,132.7 3,312.6 3,449.3 3,390.9 3,432.8 3,581.8 3,846.3Durable goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 877.2 1,124.5 1,473.1 1,594.1 1,689.4 1,613.0 1,625.8 1,719.7 1,896.2Nondurable goods . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,407.1 1,531.6 1,661.8 1,718.9 1,760.0 1,776.9 1,805.6 1,862.5 1,956.1

    Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,170.0 4,654.7 5,057.5 5,245.1 5,425.6 5,553.2 5,718.0 5,850.9 6,006.0Structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 718.3 753.5 879.1 913.0 942.1 945.6 922.8 950.4 1,001.3

    SECTORBusiness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,287.0 6,076.8 7,017.1 7,376.8 7,666.7 7,691.0 7,831.0 8,132.1 8,549.7

    Nonfarm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5,237.9 6,030.2 6,955.3 7,314.2 7,595.1 7,625.7 7,761.3 8,059.6 8,488.2Farm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49.3 49.6 61.6 62.9 71.5 65.6 69.9 72.7 65.5

    Households and institutions . . . . . . . 841.2 945.1 1,010.4 1,042.3 1,080.7 1,110.0 1,135.8 1,132.5 1,170.3General government . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,003.9 1,020.6 1,041.0 1,051.4 1,069.6 1,089.3 1,107.4 1,120.1 1,129.6

    Federal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 371.6 334.1 315.2 312.7 315.4 317.0 323.2 331.7 334.3

    State and local . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 633.6 686.5 725.8 738.7 754.2 772.3 784.3 788.3 795.2

    Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, Survey of Current Business, May 2005. See also (released as 28 April 2005).

    Table 653. GDP Components in Real (2000) DollarsAnnual Percent Change:1990 to 2004

    [Change from previous year; for 1990, change from 1989 and for 1996, change from 1995. Minus sign (-) indicates decrease]

    Component 1990 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

    Gross domestic product (GDP). . . 1.9 3.7 4.5 4.2 4.5 3.7 0.8 1.9 3.0 4.4

    Personal consumption expenditures . . . . 2.0 3.4 3.8 5.0 5.1 4.7 2.5 3.1 3.3 3.8Durable goods. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (NA) 7.8 8.6 11.3 11.7 7.3 4.3 6.5 7.4 6.7Nondurable goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (NA) 2.6 2.7 4.0 4.6 3.8 2.0 2.6 3.7 4.6Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (NA) 2.9 3.3 4.2 4.0 4.5 2.4 2.6 2.2 2.8

    Gross private domestic investment . . . . . -3.4 8.8 12.4 9.8 7.8 5.7 -7.9 -2.4 4.4 13.2Fixed investment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (NA) 9.0 9.2 10.2 8.3 6.5 -3.0 -4.9 5.1 10.3

    Nonresidential . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (NA) 9.3 12.1 11.1 9.2 8.7 -4.2 -8.9 3.3 10.6Structures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (NA) 5.7 7.3 5.1 -0.4 6.8 -2.3 -17.8 -5.6 1.4Equipment and software . . . . . . . (NA) 10.6 13.8 13.3 12.7 9.4 -4.9 -5.5 6.4 13.6

    Residential . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (NA) 8.0 1.9 7.6 6.0 0.7 0.4 4.8 8.8 9.7

    Exports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.0 8.4 11.9 2.4 4.3 8.7 -5.4 -2.3 1.9 8.6Goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (NA) 8.8 14.4 2.2 3.8 11.2 -6.1 -4.1 2.2 8.8Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (NA) 7.2 6.0 2.9 5.6 2.9 -3.7 1.8 1.4 8.0

    Imports . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.6 8.7 13.6 11.6 11.5 13.1 -2.7 3.4 4.4 9.9Goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (NA) 9.3 14.4 11.7 12.4 13.5 -3.2 3.7 4.7 10.8

    Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (NA) 5.5 9.4 11.4 6.9 11.1 -0.3 1.9 3.1 5.8Government consumption expenditures

    and gross investment . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2 1.0 1.9 1.9 3.9 2.1 3.4 4.4 2.8 1.9Federal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (NA) -1.2 -1.0 -1.1 2.2 0.9 3.9 7.5 6.6 4.7

    National defense . . . . . . . . . . . . . (NA) -1.4 -2.8 -2.1 1.9 -0.5 3.9 7.7 9.0 7.3Nondefense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (NA) -0.7 2.6 0.7 2.8 3.5 3.9 7.1 2.4 -0.5

    State and local . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (NA) 2.3 3.6 3.6 4.7 2.7 3.2 2.8 0.7 0.4

    NA Not available.

    Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, Survey of Current Business, May 2005. See also (released as 28 April 2005).

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    Table 655. Gross State Product in Chained (2000) Dollars by SelectedIndustries and State: 2003

    [In billions of dollars (10,289.2 represents $10,289,200,000,000). For definition of gross state product or chained dollars, seetext, this section. Industries based on 1997 North American Industry Classification System; see text, Section 12, Labor]

    State

    Total 1Cons-

    tructionManu-

    facturing

    Whole-sale

    tradeRetailtrade

    Finance,and

    insur-ance

    Infor-mation

    Profes-sionalserv-ices

    Healthcareand

    socialassis-tance

    Govern-ment 2

    United States 3 . . . 10,289.2 424.1 1,440.0 631.0 788.4 856.3 502.4 701.8 669.3 1,175.3

    Alabama . . . . . . . . . . . . 122.7 4.9 21.6 7.2 11.3 6.6 4.0 7.2 8.1 19.0Alaska . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.1 1.4 0.6 0.7 1.8 1.0 0.9 1.0 1.6 5.5Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . 175.5 9.2 26.0 10.0 16.0 14.5 5.9 9.6 10.9 20.3Arkansas . . . . . . . . . . . 69.7 2.9 13.4 4.7 5.9 3.2 3.1 2.4 5.1 8.6California . . . . . . . . . . . 1,369.2 53.8 181.5 80.1 106.9 96.3 85.4 109.0 75.3 142.9

    Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . 178.3 9.7 14.8 9.9 13.2 12.4 17.2 15.1 9.8 20.4Connecticut . . . . . . . . . . 164.1 4.9 21.1 9.2 11.4 27.1 6.8 12.7 11.6 13.8Delaware . . . . . . . . . . . 47.0 1.4 4.8 1.8 2.4 15.2 0.9 2.8 2.2 3.8District of Columbia . . . . 64.1 0.7 0.2 0.7 1.0 3.6 4.7 12.7 2.9 22.1Florida . . . . . . . . . . . . . 517.9 26.7 31.0 35.3 47.4 37.3 24.6 31.4 37.0 59.0Georgia . . . . . . . . . . . . 303.0 13.4 43.0 23.7 22.8 18.8 21.3 18.8 16.2 37.2

    Hawaii . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.0 2.0 0.8 1.6 3.6 2.0 1.3 2.0 2.9 9.2Idaho . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38.8 2.2 7.1 2.1 3.5 1.6 0.8 2.5 2.4 5.0Illinois . . . . . . . . . . . . . 470.1 20.3 66.2 34.0 31.4 46.8 20.5 38.1 28.6 43.9Indiana . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201.3 8.5 58.4 11.0 15.0 12.0 4.9 7.4 13.4 18.6Iowa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95.6 3.5 20.5 5.8 7.3 9.9 3.3 3.0 6.2 10.7

    Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . . 86.8 3.4 12.9 5.7 7.3 5.5 7.4 3.9 5.8 11.5Kentucky . . . . . . . . . . . 120.5 4.8 26.5 7.2 9.5 5.9 3.3 5.3 8.8 16.8Louisiana . . . . . . . . . . . 130.7 5.4 14.1 7.3 10.8 5.2 3.8 6.1 8.8 16.6Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38.1 1.6 4.9 2.1 4.0 2.6 1.2 1.7 3.7 5.2Maryland . . . . . . . . . . . 198.3 10.3 13.5 11.0 15.0 14.1 7.9 20.1 14.0 32.3

    Massachusetts. . . . . . . . 284.3 12.7 38.0 17.5 17.5 33.2 13.6 27.7 21.9 23.3Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . . 341.0 13.5 76.4 20.3 26.0 19.8 10.0 27.1 22.2 33.5Minnesota . . . . . . . . . . . 198.5 9.1 28.8 14.3 14.7 20.9 7.4 11.7 14.7 19.3Mississippi . . . . . . . . . . 66.6 2.6 10.9 3.6 6.6 2.9 1.9 2.3 4.6 11.1Missouri . . . . . . . . . . . . 181.6 7.9 28.8 11.8 14.7 11.6 9.2 10.4 12.7 20.1

    Montana . . . . . . . . . . . . 23.5 1.3 1.2 1.4 2.1 1.2 0.8 1.2 2.0 3.8Nebraska . . . . . . . . . . . 60.7 2.4 7.8 4.1 4.5 5.0 2.3 2.6 4.1 8.5Nevada . . . . . . . . . . . . 83.6 7.3 3.1 3.5 7.5 6.9 2.3 4.3 4.0 8.1New Hampshire . . . . . . . 45.9 2.2 6.6 3.0 4.6 3.9 1.5 2.8 3.5 4.0New Jersey . . . . . . . . . . 371.8 14.0 43.3 32.0 27.5 32.5 18.0 30.3 23.7 35.4

    New Mexico . . . . . . . . . 54.2 2.1 7.1 2.0 4.3 2.0 1.7 3.6 3.4 10.1New York . . . . . . . . . . . 801.0 23.5 60.6 43.8 48.6 138.3 57.0 66.0 58.5 78.5North Carolina . . . . . . . . 295.9 11.4 68.7 16.8 21.8 29.1 9.9 13.9 16.5 35.4North Dakota . . . . . . . . . 19.9 0.8 2.1 1.6 1.7 1.3 0.7 0.8 1.7 3.0Ohio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 375.7 13.6 80.8 23.4 30.3 28.0 11.6 20.1 27.6 39.4

    Oklahoma . . . . . . . . . . . 93.8 3.6 11.2 5.1 8.4 4.9 4.2 4.4 6.3 15.3Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . . 116.1 4.8 21.4 8.1 7.9 6.5 4.0 5.7 8.1 13.8Pennsylvania . . . . . . . . . 415.3 16.3 72.2 24.2 31.7 31.0 17.2 27.9 34.7 38.4Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . 36.5 2.0 3.9 1.9 2.8 4.9 1.5 1.9 3.1 4.2South Carolina. . . . . . . . 120.0 6.1 24.8 6.8 10.7 5.8 3.4 5.1 6.5 17.6

    South Dakota . . . . . . . . 25.6 1.0 3.2 1.4 2.3 4.4 0.7 0.6 2.1 3.1Tennessee . . . . . . . . . . 191.2 6.7 35.1 13.2 18.1 11.8 6.3 9.0 14.8 22.1Texas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 769.4 32.1 101.3 54.3 61.3 50.6 38.5 49.4 44.7 86.1Utah . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71.6 3.6 8.0 3.9 6.3 6.6 2.9 4.4 3.8 9.9Vermont . . . . . . . . . . . . 19.6 0.8 3.2 1.1 1.8 1.2 0.8 1.0 1.7 2.4

    Virginia. . . . . . . . . . . . . 283.9 12.0 36.4 12.8 19.8 18.9 16.6 29.3 14.1 45.9Washington . . . . . . . . . . 229.7 9.7 21.0 14.1 18.5 13.8 21.4 15.4 14.3 31.2West Virginia . . . . . . . . . 43.2 1.6 5.1 2.1 4.0 1.7 1.4 1.7 4.0 7.1Wisconsin . . . . . . . . . . . 186.4 7.5 43.6 10.6 13.9 13.6 6.0 7.7 14.1 19.5Wyoming . . . . . . . . . . . 19.9 1.0 1.3 0.8 1.4 0.6 0.4 0.6 0.9 2.8

    - Represents zero. 1 Includes industries not shown separately. 2 Includes Federal civilian and military and state and localgovernment. 3 States will not add to U.S. total as chained-dollar estimates are usually not additive.

    Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, Survey of Current Business, July 2005; and Internet site at and (released 23 June 2005).

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    Table 656. Relation of GDP, GNP, Net National Product, National Income,Personal Income, Disposable Personal Income, and Personal Saving:1990 to 2004

    [In billions of dollars (5,803.1 represents $5,803,100,000,000) . For definitions, see text, this section]

    Item 1990 1995 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

    Gross domestic product . . . . . . . . . . 5,803.1 7,397.7 9,268.4 9,817.0 10,128.0 10,487.0 11,004.0 11,735.0Plus: Income receipts from the rest

    of the world . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189.1 233.9 320.8 382.7 322.4 301.8 329.0 405.8Less: Income payments to the rest

    of the world . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154.3 198.1 287.0 343.7 278.8 274.7 273.9 361.9Equals: Gross national product . . . . . 5,837.9 7,433.4 9,302.2 9,855.9 10,171.6 10,514.1 11,059.2 11,778.9Less: Consumption of fixed capital . . . . 682.5 878.4 1,101.3 1,187.8 1,281.5 1,303.9 1,353.9 1,407.3Equals: Net national product . . . . . . . 5,155.4 6,555.1 8,200.9 8,668.1 8,890.2 9,210.1 9,705.2 10,371.6Less: Statistical discrepancy. . . . . . . . . 66.2 101.2 -35.7 -127.2 -89.6 -15.3 25.6 50.9 Equals: National income . . . . . . . . . . 5,089.1 6,453.9 8,236.7 8,795.2 8,979.8 9,225.4 9,679.6 10,320.6Less: Corporate profits 1 . . . . . . . . . . . 437.8 696.7 851.3 817.9 767.3 874.6 1,021.1 1,181.6

    Taxes on production and importsless subsidies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 398.7 524.2 629.8 664.6 673.3 724.4 751.3 800.6

    Contributions for governmentsocial insurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 410.1 532.8 661.4 702.7 731.1 748.3 773.2 820.2

    Net interest and miscellaneouspayments on assets. . . . . . . . . . . . 442.2 367.1 495.4 559.0 566.3 532.9 543.0 549.5

    Business current transferpayments (net) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39.4 46.9 67.4 87.1 92.8 80.9 77.7 82.1

    Current surplus of governmententerprises . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.6 11.4 10.1 5.3 -1.4 2.8 9.5 6.9

    Wage accruals less disbursements. . . 0.1 16.4 5.2 - - - - -Plus: Personal income receipts

    on assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 924.0 1,016.4 1,264.2 1,387.0 1,380.0 1,334.6 1,322.7 1,387.3Personal current transfer receipts. . . . 595.2 877.4 1,022.1 1,084.0 1,193.9 1,282.7 1,335.4 1,405.9

    Equals: Personal income. . . . . . . . . . 4,878.6 6,152.3 7,802.4 8,429.7 8,724.1 8,878.9 9,161.8 9,673.0Less: Personal current taxes . . . . . . . . 592.8 744.1 1,107.5 1,235.7 1,237.3 1,051.2 1,001.9 1,038.9Equals: Disposable personal

    income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,285.8 5,408.2 6,695.0 7,194.0 7,486.8 7,827.7 8,159.9 8,634.0Less: Personal outlays . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,986.4 5,157.3 6,536.4 7,025.6 7,354.5 7,668.5 8,049.3 8,531.9Equals: Personal saving . . . . . . . . . . 299.4 250.9 158.6 168.5 132.3 159.2 110.6 102.1

    - Represents zero or rounds to zero. 1 Corporate profits with inventory valuation and capital consumption adjustments.

    Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, Survey of Current Business, May 2005. See also (released as 28 April 2005).

    Table 657. Selected Per Capita Income and Product Measures in Current andReal (2000) Dollars: 1960 to 2004

    [In dollars. Based on U.S. Census Bureau estimated population including Armed Forces abroad; based on quarterly averages. Forexplanation of chained dollars, see text, this section]

    Year

    Current dollars Chained (2000) dollars

    Grossdomestic

    product

    Grossnationalproduct

    Personalincome

    Disposablepersonal

    income

    Personalconsump-

    tion expen-ditures

    Grossdomestic

    product

    Grossnationalproduct

    Disposablepersonal

    income

    Personalconsump-

    tion expen-ditures

    1960 . . . . . 2,912 2,929 2,277 2,022 1,835 13,840 13,938 9,735 8,8371965 . . . . . 3,700 3,727 2,860 2,563 2,283 16,420 16,554 11,594 10,3311970 . . . . . 5,064 5,095 4,090 3,587 3,162 18,391 18,520 13,563 11,9551975 . . . . . 7,586 7,646 6,181 5,498 4,789 19,961 20,133 15,291 13,3201980 . . . . . 12,249 12,400 10,134 8,822 7,716 22,666 22,956 16,940 14,8161981 . . . . . 13,601 13,745 11,266 9,765 8,439 23,007 23,259 17,217 14,8791982 . . . . . 14,017 14,174 11,951 10,426 8,945 22,346 22,607 17,418 14,9441983 . . . . . 15,092 15,251 12,635 11,131 9,775 23,146 23,396 17,828 15,6561984 . . . . . 16,638 16,792 13,915 12,319 10,589 24,593 24,828 19,011 16,3431985 . . . . . 17,695 17,806 14,787 13,037 11,406 25,382 25,548 19,476 17,0401986 . . . . . 18,542 18,616 15,466 13,649 12,048 26,024 26,137 19,906 17,5701987 . . . . . 19,517 19,590 16,255 14,241 12,766 26,664 26,770 20,072 17,9941988 . . . . . 20,827 20,923 17,358 15,297 13,685 27,514 27,647 20,740 18,5541989 . . . . . 22,169 22,275 18,545 16,257 14,546 28,221 28,358 21,120 18,8981990 . . . . . 23,195 23,335 19,500 17,131 15,349 28,429 28,600 21,281 19,0671991 . . . . . 23,650 23,770 19,923 17,609 15,722 28,007 28,150 21,109 18,8481992 . . . . . 24,668 24,783 20,870 18,494 16,485 28,556 28,693 21,548 19,2081993 . . . . . 25,578 25,700 21,356 18,872 17,204 28,940 29,079 21,493 19,5931994 . . . . . 26,844 26,944 22,176 19,555 18,004 29,741 29,850 21,812 20,0821995 . . . . . 27,749 27,884 23,078 20,287 18,665 30,128 30,271 22,153 20,3821996 . . . . . 28,982 29,112 24,176 21,091 19,490 30,881 31,015 22,546 20,8351997 . . . . . 30,424 30,544 25,334 21,940 20,323 31,886 32,010 23,065 21,3651998 . . . . . 31,674 31,752 26,880 23,161 21,291 32,833 32,912 24,131 22,1831999 . . . . . 33,181 33,302 27,933 23,968 22,491 33,904 34,027 24,564 23,0502000 . . . . . 34,759 34,897 29,847 25,472 23,862 34,759 34,897 25,472 23,8622001 . . . . . 35,491 35,644 30,572 26,236 24,723 34,660 34,810 25,698 24,2162002 . . . . . 36,386 36,480 30,806 27,159 25,592 34,955 35,049 26,229 24,7152003 . . . . . 37,805 37,995 31,476 28,034 26,663 35,666 35,846 26,570 25,2702004 . . . . . 39,921 40,071 32,907 29,372 27,998 36,883 37,023 27,240 25,965

    Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, Survey of Current Business, May 2005. See also (released as 28 April 2005).

    448 Income, Expenditures, and WealthU.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2006

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    Table 658. Personal Consumption Expenditures in Current and Real (2000)Dollars by Type: 1990 to 2003

    [In billions of dollars (3,839.9 represents $3,839,900,000,000) . For definition of chained dollars, see text, this section]

    ExpenditureCurrent dollars Chained ( 2000 ) dollars

    1990 2000 2002 2003 1990 2000 2002 2003

    Total expenditures 1 . . . . . . . . . . 3,839.9 6,739.4 7,376.1 7,760.9 4,770.3 6,739.4 7,123.4 7,355.6Food and tobacco 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 677.8 1,003.7 1,095.0 1,152.6 867.1 1,003.7 1,034.4 1,068.4

    Food purchased for off-premiseconsumption. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 401.6 566.7 615.6 647.1 485.7 566.7 589.8 609.2

    Purchased meals and beverages 2 . . . . 227.7 348.8 380.0 406.5 289.6 348.8 358.7 375.6Tobacco products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41.0 78.5 89.1 88.1 87.7 78.5 76.3 74.2

    Clothing, accessories, and jewelry 1 . . . . . 261.5 397.0 404.4 412.3 247.7 397.0 416.8 433.6Shoes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.5 47.0 49.3 50.7 30.4 47.0 50.3 52.5Clothing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172.4 250.4 252.5 256.0 157.7 250.4 266.1 277.2Jewelry and watches . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30.3 50.6 51.0 53.6 26.5 50.6 52.5 57.1

    Personal care . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.9 93.4 95.8 96.9 68.5 93.4 93.1 93.7Housing 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 597.9 1,006.5 1,144.8 1,188.4 802.2 1,006.5 1,062.0 1,076.1

    Owner-occupied nonfarm dwellings-space rent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 412.8 712.2 820.7 859.6 551.6 712.2 759.4 776.4

    Tenant-occupied nonfarmdwellings-space rent . . . . . . . . . . . . 150.7 227.5 258.7 262.3 199.9 227.5 238.8 235.6

    Household operation 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 433.3 719.3 746.0 779.6 485.0 719.3 738.8 763.8Furniture 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38.4 67.6 68.3 69.5 41.8 67.6 70.9 73.1Semidurable house furnishings 4 . . . . . 22.5 36.5 37.4 37.9 20.1 36.5 39.4 43.2Cleaning and polishing preparations . . . 38.9 61.6 66.6 69.1 46.2 61.6 63.8 67.2Household utilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141.1 209.9 221.9 242.4 174.5 209.9 212.1 215.5Electricity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74.2 102.3 111.7 116.1 81.1 102.3 104.5 106.2

    Gas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26.8 41.0 40.8 51.2 36.6 41.0 40.2 41.0Water and other sanitary services. . . 27.1 50.8 55.2 58.2 41.1 50.8 52.0 52.8Fuel oil and coal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.9 15.8 14.1 16.9 16.7 15.8 15.4 15.4

    Telephone and telegraph . . . . . . . . . . 60.5 125.1 128.3 129.8 58.3 125.1 130.7 133.4Medical care 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 635.1 1,218.3 1,444.9 1,557.2 905.9 1,218.3 1,355.6 1,414.6

    Drug preparations and sundries 5 . . . . . 65.4 169.4 213.0 233.7 90.1 169.4 195.4 208.6Physicians . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138.6 236.8 278.3 298.2 194.7 236.8 270.6 285.6Dentists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32.4 61.8 72.2 75.0 53.5 61.8 66.4 66.2Hospitals and nursing homes 6 . . . . . . 270.9 482.6 574.0 616.8 386.4 482.6 531.0 546.5Health insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.4 84.0 96.1 106.0 70.1 84.0 92.1 96.4

    Medical care 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.8 68.4 79.7 88.1 52.8 68.4 73.9 76.9Personal business 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250.9 539.1 552.1 577.7 330.0 539.1 531.3 547.3

    Expense of handling life insurance 8 . . . 53.2 96.1 84.8 91.5 86.2 96.1 79.4 82.6Legal services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40.9 63.9 71.3 77.3 62.2 63.9 63.9 66.0Funeral and burial expenses . . . . . . . . 9.5 14.0 14.6 15.7 15.0 14.0 13.5 13.9

    Transportation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 471.7 853.4 877.5 925.5 590.1 853.4 889.0 911.0User-operated transportation 1 . . . . . . . 434.7 793.8 827.2 872.9 546.6 793.8 833.4 854.4

    New autos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89.7 103.6 101.6 97.5 102.5 103.6 103.3 101.0Net purchases of used autos . . . . . . 29.3 60.7 58.4 53.9 42.4 60.7 57.6 56.9Tires, tubes, accessories, etc. . . . . . 29.9 49.0 50.7 53.2 29.3 49.0 48.7 50.6Repair, greasing, washing, parking,

    storage, rental, and leasing . . . . . . 84.9 183.5 186.0 186.2 109.4 183.5 175.4 172.5Gasoline and oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111.2 175.7 163.4 191.3 141.8 175.7 180.7 182.0

    Purchased local transportation . . . . . . 8.4 12.2 12.4 12.6 10.9 12.2 11.8 11.1Mass transit systems . . . . . . . . . . . 5.8 9.1 9.0 8.8 7.5 9.1 8.5 7.8Taxicab . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.6 3.1 3.4 3.7 3.4 3.1 3.2 3.3

    Purchased intercity transportation 1 . . . 28.6 47.4 37.9 40.0 32.5 47.4 43.6 45.3Railway (commutation) . . . . . . . . . . 0.6 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.5 0.5 0.5Bus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3 2.4 2.3 2.3 1.5 2.4 2.2 2.0Airline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.7 36.7 28.1 30.3 24.8 36.7 34.0 36.1

    Recreation 1, 9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290.2 585.7 628.3 660.7 276.5 585.7 646.0 689.6Magazines, newspapers, and sheetmusic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.6 35.0 35.3 36.6 29.3 35.0 34.0 34.6Nondurable toys and sport supplies . . . 32.8 56.6 59.0 60.2 28.3 56.6 65.0 70.2Video and audio products, including

    musical instruments andcomputer goods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.0 116.6 119.1 121.3 18.6 116.6 154.4 176.7Computers, peripherals, and

    software. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.9 43.8 44.2 46.1 (NA) (NA) (NA) (NA)Education and research . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83.7 163.8 190.7 201.7 125.6 163.8 173.7 174.7

    Higher education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.8 86.4 103.9 112.2 69.6 86.4 93.5 95.7Religious and welfare activities . . . . . . . . 88.7 172.3 202.9 211.2 121.2 172.3 191.5 193.7Foreign travel and other, net 1 . . . . . . . . -7.7 -13.0 -6.4 -2.7 -13.1 -13.0 -9.1 -8.5

    Foreign travel by U.S. residents. . . . . . 42.7 84.4 77.4 79.2 53.3 84.4 73.7 71.0Expenditures abroad by U.S.

    residents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.6 4.6 5.6 6.6 3.6 4.6 5.2 5.2Less: Expenditures in the

    United States by nonresidents . . . . . . 53.0 100.7 87.9 86.7 68.8 100.7 86.6 83.0

    NA - Not available. 1 Includes other expenditures not shown separately. 2 Consists of purchases (including tips) of mealsand beverages from retail, service, and amusement establishments; hotels; dining and buffet cars; schools; school fraternities;institutions; clubs; and industrial lunch rooms. Includes meals and beverages consumed both on- and off-premise. 3 Includesmattresses and bedsprings. 4 Consists largely of textile house furnishings including piece goods allocated to house furnishinguse. Also includes lamp shades, brooms, and brushes. 5 Excludes drug preparations and related products dispensed byphysicians, hospitals, and other medical services. 6 Consists of (1) current expenditures (including consumption of fixed capital)of nonprofit hospitals and nursing homes and (2) payments by patients to proprietary and government hospitals and nursinghomes. 7 Consists of (1) premiums, less benefits and dividends, for health hospitalization and accidental death anddismemberment insurance provided by commercial insurance carriers and (2) administrative expenses (including consumption offixed capital) of Blue Cross and Blue Shield plans and of other independent prepaid and self-insured health plans. 8 Consistsof (1) operating expenses of life insurance carriers and private noninsured pension plans and (2) premiums less benefits anddividends of fraternal benefit societies. Excludes expenses allocated by commercial carriers to accident and health insurance. 9For additional details, see Table 1222.

    Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, Survey of Current Business, August 2004. See also (released as 05 August 2004).

    Income, Expenditures, and Wealth 449U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2006

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    Table 659. Personal Income and Its Disposition: 1990 to 2004[In billions of dollars (4,878.6 represents $4,878,600,000,000), except as indicated. For definition of personal income and chaineddollars, see text, this section]

    Item 1990 1995 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

    Personal income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4,878.6 6,152.3 7,802.4 8,429.7 8,724.1 8,878.9 9,161.8 9,673.0Compensation of employees, received . 3,338.2 4,177.0 5,352.0 5,782.7 5,942.1 6,069.5 6,289.0 6,632.0

    Wage and salary disbursements . . . . . 2,754.0 3,419.3 4,466.3 4,829.2 4,942.8 4,976.3 5,103.6 5,355.7Supplements to wages and salaries . . 584.2 757.7 885.7 953.4 999.3 1,093.2 1,185.5 1,276.3

    Proprietors income 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 380.6 492.1 678.3 728.4 771.9 769.6 834.1 902.8Farm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.9 22.7 28.6 22.7 19.7 9.7 21.8 18.2Nonfarm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 348.7 469.5 649.7 705.7 752.2 759.9 812.3 884.6Rental income of persons 1 . . . . . . . . . 50.7 122.1 147.3 150.3 167.4 170.9 153.8 165.1

    Personal income receipts on assets . . . 924.0 1,016.4 1,264.2 1,387.0 1,380.0 1,334.6 1,322.7 1,387.3Personal interest income . . . . . . . . . . 755.2 763.2 928.6 1,011.0 1,011.0 946.7 929.9 946.2Personal dividend income . . . . . . . . . 168.8 253.2 335.6 376.1 369.0 387.9 392.8 441.1

    Personal current transfer receipts . . . . . 595.2 877.4 1,022.1 1,084.0 1,193.9 1,282.7 1,335.4 1,405.9Government social benefits to

    persons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 573.1 858.4 988.0 1,041.6 1,143.9 1,248.9 1,306.4 1,373.2Old-age, survivors, disability, and

    health insurance benefits . . . . . . . . 351.8 506.8 588.9 620.8 668.5 708.3 733.8 779.2Other current transfer receipts,

    from business(net) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22.2 19.0 34.1 42.4 50.0 33.7 28.9 32.7Less: Contributions for government

    social insurance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 410.1 532.8 661.4 702.7 731.1 748.3 773.2 820.2Less: Personal current taxes . . . . . . . . . 592.8 744.1 1,107.5 1,235.7 1,237.3 1,051.2 1,001.9 1,038.9 Equals: Disposable personal income. . 4,285.8 5,408.2 6,695.0 7,194.0 7,486.8 7,827.7 8,159.9 8,634.0Less: Personal outlays. . . . . . . . . . . . . 3,986.4 5,157.3 6,536.4 7,025.6 7,354.5 7,668.5 8,049.3 8,531.9 Personal consumption expenditures . . . 3,839.9 4,975.8 6,282.5 6,739.4 7,055.0 7,376.1 7,760.9 8,229.9

    Personal interest payments . . . . . . . . . 116.1 132.7 181.0 204.7 212.2 197.2 185.3 188.5Personal current transfer payments. . . . 30.4 48.9 73.0 81.5 87.2 95.3 103.1 113.5

    Equals: Personal saving . . . . . . . . . . . 299.4 250.9 158.6 168.5 132.3 159.2 110.6 102.1Personal saving as a percentage of

    disposable personal income . . . . . . . . 7.0 4.6 2.4 2.3 1.8 2.0 1.4 1.2Addenda: Disposable personal income:

    Total, billions of chained (2000) dollars . 5,324.2 5,905.7 6,861.3 7,194.0 7,333.3 7,559.5 7,733.8 8,007.3Per capita:

    Current dollars. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,131 20,287 23,968 25,472 26,236 27,159 28,034 29,372Chained (2000) dollars . . . . . . . . . . . 21,281 22,153 24,564 25,472 25,698 26,229 26,570 27,240

    1 With inventory valuation adjustments and capital consumption adjustment.Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, Survey of Current Business, May 2005. See also (released as 28 April 2005).

    Table 660. Gross Saving and Investment: 1990 to 2004[In billions of dollars (940.4 represents $940,400,000,000) ]

    Item 1990 1995 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004

    Gross saving. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 940.4 1,184.5 1,674.3 1,770.5 1,657.6 1,484.3 1,487.7 1,620.0Net saving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258.0 306.2 573.0 582.7 376.1 180.3 133.8 212.7

    Net private saving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 422.7 491.1 419.0 343.3 324.6 459.8 501.5 570.7Personal saving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 299.4 250.9 158.6 168.5 132.3 159.2 110.6 102.1Undistributed corporate profits with

    IVA and CCA 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123.3 223.8 255.3 174.8 192.3 300.7 390.9 468.5Wage accruals less disbursements. . . . . - 16.4 5.2 - - - - -

    Net government saving . . . . . . . . . . . . . -164.8 -184.9 154.0 239.4 51.5 -279.5 -367.8 -358.0

    Federal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -172.0 -197.0 103.6 189.5 46.7 -254.5 -364.5 -375.6State and local . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.2 12.0 50.4 50.0 4.8 -25.0 -3.2 17.6Consumption of fixed capital. . . . . . . . . . . 682.5 878.4 1,101.3 1,187.8 1,281.5 1,303.9 1,353.9 1,407.3

    Private . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 551.6 713.4 914.3 990.8 1,075.5 1,092.8 1,135.9 1,178.3Domestic business . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 466.4 600.2 769.8 836.1 903.7 912.6 942.6 967.3Households and institutions . . . . . . . . . 85.1 113.2 144.5 154.8 171.7 180.2 193.3 211.0

    Government . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130.9 165.0 187.0 197.0 206.0 211.2 218.1 229.0Federal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67.9 81.9 84.8 87.2 88.2 89.0 90.2 93.0State and local . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63.0 83.1 102.1 109.8 117.8 122.1 127.9 136.0

    Gross domestic investment,capital account transactions,and net lending . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1,006.7 1,285.7 1,638.5 1,643.3 1,567.9 1,468.9 1,513.3 1,671.0

    Gross domestic investment . . . . . . . . . . . 1,076.7 1,376.7 1,912.4 2,040.0 1,938.3 1,926.6 2,024.2 2,307.0Gross private domestic investment. . . . . . 861.0 1,144.0 1,625.7 1,735.5 1,614.3 1,579.2 1,665.8 1,927.3Gross government investment . . . . . . . . . 215.7 232.7 286.8 304.5 324.0 347.4 358.5 379.7

    Capital account transactions (net) . . . . . . . 6.6 0.9 4.8 0.8 1.1 1.3 3.1 1.3Net lending or net borrowing . . . . . . . . . . -76.6 -91.9 -278.7 -397.4 -371.5 -458.9 -514.0 -637.3Statistical discrepancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66.2 101.2 -35.7 -127.2 -89.6 -15.3 25.6 50.9Addenda:

    Gross private saving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 974.3 1,204.5 1,333.3 1,334.1 1,400.1 1,552.6 1,637.4 1,749.0Gross government saving . . . . . . . . . . . -33.8 -19.9 341.0 436.4 257.5 -68.4 -149.7 -129.0

    Federal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -104.1 -115.1 188.5 276.6 134.9 -165.5 -274.3 -282.5State and local . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70.3 95.2 152.5 159.8 122.6 97.1 124.7 153.6

    Net domestic investment . . . . . . . . . . . . 394.2 498.4 811.2 852.1 656.9 622.7 670.3 899.7Gross saving as a percentage of gross

    national income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16.3 16.2 17.9 17.7 16.2 14.1 13.5 13.8Net saving as a percentage of gross

    national income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.5 4.2 6.1 5.8 3.7 1.7 1.2 1.8

    - Represents or rounds to zero. 1 IVA and CCA = Inventory valuation adjustment and capital consumption adjustment.Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, Survey of Current Business, May 2005. See also (released as 28 April 2005).

    450 Income, Expenditures, and WealthU.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2006

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    Table 661. Personal Income in Current and Constant (2000) Dollars by State:1990 to 2004

    [In billions of dollars (4,861.9 represents $4,861,900,000,000). Represents a measure of income received from all sources dur-ing the calendar year by residents of each state. Data exclude federal employees overseas and U.S. residents employed by pri-vate U.S. firms on temporary foreign assignment. Totals may differ from those in Tables 656, 657, and 659

    StateCurrent dollars Constant ( 2000 ) dollars 1

    1990 2000 2002 20032004,prel. 1990 2000 2002 2003

    2004,prel.

    United States . . 4,861.9 8,422.1 8,869.8 9,151.7 9,672.2 6,039.9 8,422.1 8,565.9 8,673.7 8,970.4

    Alabama . . . . . . . . . . . 63.7 105.8 114.7 119.4 125.9 79.1 105.8 110.8 113.1 116.8Alaska . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.6 18.7 20.9 21.5 22.6 15.7 18.7 20.2 20.4 20.9Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . 62.6 132.6 145.1 151.9 163.4 77.8 132.6 140.1 144.0 151.5Arkansas . . . . . . . . . . 34.1 58.7 63.5 66.5 70.8 42.3 58.7 61.4 63.0 65.7California . . . . . . . . . . 648.3 1,103.8 1,149.2 1,185.0 1,257.0 805.3 1,103.8 1,109.8 1,123.1 1,165.8

    Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . 64.7 144.4 154.0 157.2 165.9 80.4 144.4 148.7 149.0 153.9Connecticut . . . . . . . . . 87.3 141.6 147.1 149.8 159.1 108.4 141.6 142.0 142.0 147.5Delaware . . . . . . . . . . 14.3 24.3 26.7 28.0 29.8 17.8 24.3 25.8 26.5 27.6District of Columbia . . . 16.0 23.1 26.2 27.0 28.7 19.9 23.1 25.3 25.6 26.6Florida . . . . . . . . . . . . 255.0 457.5 492.9 511.6 547.2 316.8 457.5 476.0 484.9 507.5Georgia . . . . . . . . . . . 114.6 230.4 245.0 251.6 265.3 142.4 230.4 236.6 238.5 246.1

    Hawaii . . . . . . . . . . . . 24.7 34.5 36.5 38.0 40.6 30.7 34.5 35.2 36.0 37.7Idaho . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.9 31.3 34.4 35.4 37.8 19.8 31.3 33.2 33.6 35.0Illinois . . . . . . . . . . . . 238.5 400.4 409.1 417.0 436.7 296.3 400.4 395.1 395.2 405.0Indiana . . . . . . . . . . . . 97.2 165.3 172.2 178.8 187.7 120.8 165.3 166.3 169.4 174.1Iowa . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48.4 77.8 81.7 83.4 90.3 60.1 77.8 78.9 79.0 83.7

    Kansas. . . . . . . . . . . . 44.9 74.6 78.3 80.2 84.3 55.7 74.6 75.6 76.0 78.2Kentucky . . . . . . . . . . 57.0 98.8 105.4 109.4 114.9 70.8 98.8 101.8 103.7 106.5Louisiana . . . . . . . . . . 64.1 103.2 114.5 118.2 124.6 79.6 103.2 110.5 112.1 115.5Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . 21.4 33.2 36.6 38.2 40.3 26.6 33.2 35.3 36.2 37.3Maryland . . . . . . . . . . 109.7 182.0 198.9 206.4 218.1 136.3 182.0 192.1 195.6 202.3

    Massachusetts. . . . . . . 138.8 240.2 249.9 253.6 268.2 172.4 240.2 241.4 240.4 248.8Michigan. . . . . . . . . . . 176.2 294.2 301.8 314.3 323.1 218.9 294.2 291.4 297.9 299.7Minnesota . . . . . . . . . . 87.3 158.0 166.7 172.3 182.9 108.5 158.0 161.0 163.3 169.7Mississippi . . . . . . . . . 33.8 59.8 64.6 67.6 71.6 41.9 59.8 62.3 64.1 66.4Missouri . . . . . . . . . . . 90.4 152.7 163.1 168.5 176.1 112.3 152.7 157.5 159.7 163.4

    Montana . . . . . . . . . . . 12.4 20.7 22.4 23.3 24.9 15.4 20.7 21.6 22.1 23.1Nebraska . . . . . . . . . . 28.4 47.3 49.5 52.4 54.8 35.3 47.3 47.8 49.7 50.8Nevada . . . . . . . . . . . 24.8 61.4 66.9 71.5 78.0 30.9 61.4 64.6 67.8 72.3New Hampshire . . . . . . 22.8 41.4 44.1 45.3 48.1 28.3 41.4 42.6 42.9 44.6New Jersey. . . . . . . . . 190.8 323.6 334.3 342.0 359.5 237.0 323.6 322.9 324.2 333.5

    New Mexico . . . . . . . . 22.7 40.3 44.9 47.0 49.8 28.2 40.3 43.4 44.5 46.2New York . . . . . . . . . . 423.9 663.0 676.6 693.8 735.0 526.6 663.0 653.4 657.6 681.7North Carolina . . . . . . . 114.9 218.7 229.7 236.4 249.8 142.8 218.7 221.9 224.0 231.7North Dakota . . . . . . . . 10.2 16.1 16.9 18.3 19.9 12.6 16.1 16.4 17.4 18.5Ohio . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203.6 320.5 333.5 344.6 358.9 253.0 320.5 322.1 326.6 332.9

    Oklahoma . . . . . . . . . . 51.0 84.3 90.5 93.7 99.0 63.3 84.3 87.4 88.8 91.8Oregon. . . . . . . . . . . . 51.5 96.4 100.3 102.4 107.7 64.0 96.4 96.8 97.1 99.9Pennsylvania . . . . . . . . 234.3 364.8 382.6 394.8 413.7 291.1 364.8 369.5 374.1 383.7Rhode Island. . . . . . . . 20.1 30.7 33.2 34.5 36.5 25.0 30.7 32.0 32.7 33.8South Carolina. . . . . . . 55.6 98.3 104.6 108.5 114.1 69.1 98.3 101.1 102.8 105.8

    South Dakota . . . . . . . 11.3 19.4 20.4 22.1 23.8 14.0 19.4 19.7 20.9 22.1Tennessee . . . . . . . . . 81.7 148.8 160.3 167.4 177.1 101.5 148.8 154.8 158.7 164.2Texas . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297.1 593.1 623.9 642.6 679.7 369.1 593.1 602.5 609.1 630.4Utah . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.8 53.6 58.1 59.8 63.6 32.1 53.6 56.1 56.6 59.0Vermont . . . . . . . . . . . 10.1 16.9 18.4 19.1 20.4 12.5 16.9 17.8 18.1 18.9

    Virginia . . . . . . . . . . . . 127.1 220.8 239.8 248.4 264.7 157.9 220.8 231.6 235.5 245.4Washington . . . . . . . . . 97.4 187.9 198.4 203.9 219.0 121.0 187.9 191.6 193.2 203.1West Virginia . . . . . . . . 26.0 39.6 43.0 44.5 47.0 32.3 39.6 41.6 42.1 43.6Wisconsin . . . . . . . . . . 88.6 153.5 162.9 168.0 177.2 110.1 153.5 157.3 159.2 164.3Wyoming . . . . . . . . . . 8.2 14.1 15.5 16.3 17.4 10.1 14.1 15.0 15.4 16.1

    1 Constant dollar estimates are computed by the U.S. Census Bureau using the national implicit price deflator for personalconsumption expenditures from the Bureau of Economic Analysis. Any regional differences in the rate of inflation are not reflectedin these constant dollar estimates.

    Source: Except as noted, U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, Survey of Current Business, April 2005. See also (released 28 March 2005).

    Income, Expenditures, and Wealth 451U.S. Census Bureau, Statistical Abstract of the United States: 2006

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    Table 662. Personal Income Per Capita in Current and Constant (2000) Dollarsby State: 1990 to 2004

    [In dollars, except as indicated. 2004 preliminary. See headnote, Table 661]

    StateCurrent dollars Constant (2000) dollars 1 Income rank

    1900 2000 2003 2004 1990 2000 2003 2004 2000 2004

    United States . . . 19,477 29,845 31,472 32,937 24,196 29,845 29,828 30,547 (X) (X)

    Alabama . . . . . . . . . . 15,723 23,764 26,505 27,795 19,532 23,764 25,121 25,778 44 40

    Alaska . . . . . . . . . . . 22,804 29,867 33,213 34,454 28,329 29,867 31,478 31,954 15 13Arizona . . . . . . . . . . . 17,005 25,660 27,232 28,442 21,125 25,660 25,810 26,378 37 38Arkansas. . . . . . . . . . 14,460 21,925 24,384 25,725 17,963 21,925 23,110 23,858 48 49California. . . . . . . . . . 21,638 32,464 33,415 35,019 26,881 32,464 31,670 32,478 8 12

    Colorado . . . . . . . . . . 19,575 33,370 34,561 36,063 24,318 33,370 32,756 33,446 7 7Connecticut . . . . . . . . 26,504 41,489 42,972 45,398 32,925 41,489 40,728 42,104 1 1Delaware. . . . . . . . . . 21,422 30,869 34,199 35,861 26,612 30,869 32,413 33,259 13 8District of Columbia . . . 26,473 40,456 48,446 51,803 32,887 40,456 45,916 48,044 (X) (X)Florida . . . . . . . . . . . 19,564 28,509 30,098 31,455 24,304 28,509 28,526 29,173 20 23Georgia . . . . . . . . . . 17,603 27,989 29,000 30,051 21,868 27,989 27,485 27,870 26 34

    Hawaii . . . . . . . . . . . 22,186 28,422 30,441 32,160 27,561 28,422 28,851 29,826 22 20Idaho . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,724 24,075 25,902 27,098 19,534 24,075 24,549 25,132 42 44Illinois . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,824 32,185 32,965 34,351 25,869 32,185 31,243 31,858 9 14Indiana . . . . . . . . . . . 17,491 27,132 28,838 30,094 21,729 27,132 27,332 27,910 31 33Iowa . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,389 26,554 28,340 30,560 21,602 26,554 26,860 28,342 33 31

    Kansas . . . . . . . . . . . 18,085 27,694 29,438 30,811 22,467 27,694 27,900 28,575 27 28Kentucky. . . . . . . . . . 15,437 24,412 26,575 27,709 19,177 24,412 25,187 25,698 40 41Louisiana . . . . . . . . . 15,173 23,078 26,312 27,581 18,849 23,078 24,938 25,580 45 42Maine . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,376 25,969 29,164 30,566 21,586 25,969 27,641 28,348 35 30Maryland . . . . . . . . . . 22,852 34,257 37,446 39,247 28,389 34,257 35,490 36,399 5 4

    Massachusetts . . . . . . 23,043 37,756 39,504 41,801 28,626 37,756 37,441 38,768 3 2Michigan . . . . . . . . . . 18,922 29,552 31,178 31,954 23,506 29,552 29,550 29,635 17 22Minnesota . . . . . . . . . 19,891 32,017 34,031 35,861 24,710 32,017 32,254 33,259 10 8Mississippi . . . . . . . . . 13,089 21,005 23,466 24,650 16,260 21,005 22,240 22,861 50 50Missouri . . . . . . . . . . 17,627 27,241 29,464 30,608 21,898 27,241 27,925 28,387 30 29

    Montana . . . . . . . . . . 15,448 22,929 25,406 26,857 19,191 22,929 24,079 24,908 46 45Nebraska . . . . . . . . . 17,983 27,625 30,179 31,339 22,340 27,625 28,603 29,065 29 25Nevada . . . . . . . . . . . 20,346 30,437 31,910 33,405 25,275 30,437 30,243 30,981 14 17

    New Hampshire . . . . . 20,512 33,396 35,140 37,040 25,482 33,396 33,305 34,352 6 6New Jersey . . . . . . . . 24,572 38,365 39,577 41,332 30,525 38,365 37,510 38,333 2 3

    New Mexico. . . . . . . . 14,924 22,135 24,995 26,191 18,540 22,135 23,689 24,291 47 47New York . . . . . . . . . 23,523 34,897 36,112 38,228 29,222 34,897 34,226 35,454 4 5North Carolina . . . . . . 17,246 27,068 28,071 29,246 21,424 27,068 26,605 27,124 32 37North Dakota . . . . . . . 15,943 25,106 28,922 31,398 19,806 25,106 27,411 29,120 38 24Ohio . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,743 28,207 30,129 31,322 23,284 28,207 28,555 29,049 24 26

    Oklahoma . . . . . . . . . 16,187 24,407 26,719 28,089 20,109 24,407 25,323 26,051 41 39Oregon . . . . . . . . . . . 18,010 28,097 28,734 29,971 22,374 28,097 27,233 27,796 25 36Pennsylvania . . . . . . . 19,687 29,695 31,911 33,348 24,457 29,695 30,244 30,928 16 18Rhode Island . . . . . . . 20,006 29,214 32,038 33,733 24,853 29,214 30,365 31,285 18 16South Carolina . . . . . . 15,894 24,424 26,144 27,172 19,745 24,424 24,778 25,200 39 43

    South Dakota . . . . . . . 16,172 25,720 28,856 30,856 20,090 25,720 27,349 28,617 36 27Tennessee. . . . . . . . . 16,692 26,097 28,641 30,005 20,736 26,097 27,145 27,828 34 35Texas . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,421 28,313 29,074 30,222 21,642 28,313 27,555 28,029 23 32Utah . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,913 23,878 25,407 26,606 18,526 23,878 24,080 24,675 43 46Vermont . . . . . . . . . . 17,876 27,680 30,888 32,770 22,207 27,680 29,275 30,392 28 19

    Virginia . . . . . . . . . . . 20,449 31,087 33,730 35,477 25,403 31,087 31,968 32,903 12 10Washington . . . . . . . . 19,865 31,779 33,254 35,299 24,678 31,779 31,517 32,738 11 11West Virginia . . . . . . . 14,493 21,900 24,542 25,872 18,004 21,900 23,260 23,995 49 48Wisconsin . . . . . . . . . 18,072 28,570 30,685 32,157 22,451 28,570 29,082 29,824 19 21Wyoming. . . . . . . . . . 18,002 28,460 32,433 34,306 22,364 28,460 30,739 31,817 21 15

    X Not applicable. 1 Constant dollar estimates are computed by the U.S. Census Bureau using the national implicit pricedeflator for personal consumption expenditures from the Bureau of Economic Analysis. Any regional differences in the rate ofinflation are not reflected in these constant dollar estimates.

    Source: Except as noted, U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, Survey of Current Business, April 2005. See also (released 28 March 2005).

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    Table 663. Disposable Personal Income Per Capita in Current andConstant (2000) Dollars by State: 1990 to 2004

    [In dollars, except percent. 2004 preliminary. Disposable personal income is the income available to persons for spending orsaving; it is calculated as personal income less personal tax and nontax payments]

    State Current dollars Constant (2000) dollars1

    Percent of U.S.average

    1990 2000 2003 2004 1990 2000 2003 2004 1990 2004

    United States . . . 17,108 25,471 28,031 29,404 21,253 25,471 26,567 27,270 100.0 100.0

    Alabama . . . . . . . . . . . . 14,047 21,046 24,169 25,416 17,450 21,046 22,907 23,572 82.6 86.4Alaska . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,147 26,425 30,228 31,454 25,028 26,425 28,649 29,172 103.7 107.0Arizona. . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,131 22,326 24,625 25,770 18,797 22,326 23,339 23,900 87.7 87.6Arkansas . . . . . . . . . . . 12,987 19,375 22,193 23,453 16,134 19,375 21,034 21,751 76.1 79.8California . . . . . . . . . . . 18,871 26,716 29,467 30,964 23,443 26,716 27,928 28,717 104.9 105.3

    Colorado. . . . . . . . . . . . 17,201 28,235 30,743 32,207 21,368 28,235 29,137 29,870 110.9 109.5Connecticut . . . . . . . . . . 23,121 33,383 36,461 38,559 28,723 33,383 34,557 35,761 131.1 131.1Delaware . . . . . . . . . . . 18,474 26,278 30,301 31,900 22,950 26,278 28,718 29,585 103.2 108.5District of Columbia . . . . 22,858 33,408 42,220 45,213 28,396 33,408 40,015 41,932 131.2 153.8Florida . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,525 24,810 27,212 28,515 21,771 24,810 25,791 26,446 97.4 97.0Georgia . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,464 24,054 25,885 26,891 19,211 24,054 24,533 24,940 94.4 91.5

    Hawaii . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19,269 24,842 27,296 28,808 23,938 24,842 25,870 26,718 97.5 98.0Idaho . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,988 20,959 23,559 24,692 17,377 20,959 22,328 22,900 82.3 84.0Illinois . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18,168 27,412 29,292 30,616 22,570 27,412 27,762 28,394 107.6 104.1Indiana . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,368 23,647 25,926 27,125 19,091 23,647 24,572 25,157 92.8 92.2Iowa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,369 23,390 25,666 27,794 19,093 23,390 24,325 25,777 91.8 94.5

    Kansas . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,971 24,047 26,497 27,799 19,840 24,047 25,113 25,782 94.4 94.5Kentucky . . . . . . . . . . . 13,621 21,344 23,826 24,929 16,921 21,344 22,582 23,120 83.8 84.8Louisiana . . . . . . . . . . . 13,689 20,574 24,068 25,256 17,006 20,574 22,811 23,423 80.8 85.9Maine. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,387 22,489 26,200 27,512 19,115 22,489 24,832 25,516 88.3 93.6Maryland . . . . . . . . . . . 19,591 28,800 32,683 34,282 24,338 28,800 30,976 31,794 113.1 116.6

    Massachusetts . . . . . . . . 19,795 30,310 34,174 36,169 24,591 30,310 32,389 33,544 119.0 123.0Michigan . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,571 25,435 27,967 28,719 20,586 25,435 26,506 26,635 99.9 97.7Minnesota . . . . . . . . . . . 17,304 27,187 29,960 31,702 21,496 27,187 28,395 29,402 106.7 107.8Mississippi . . . . . . . . . . 11,910 18,935 21,669 22,823 14,796 18,935 20,537 21,167 74.3 77.6Missouri . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,536 23,676 26,499 27,614 19,300 23,676 25,115 25,610 93.0 93.9

    Montana . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,795 20,233 22,989 24,334 17,137 20,233 21,788 22,568 79.4 82.8

    Nebraska . . . . . . . . . . . 16,031 24,090 27,249 28,316 19,915 24,090 25,826 26,261 94.6 96.3Nevada . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,866 26,322 28,767 30,177 22,195 26,322 27,264 27,987 103.3 102.6New Hampshire . . . . . . . 18,292 28,566 31,637 33,453 22,724 28,566 29,985 31,026 112.2 113.8New Jersey. . . . . . . . . . 21,381 32,010 34,544 36,223 26,561 32,010 32,740 33,595 125.7 123.2

    New Mexico . . . . . . . . . 13,413 19,578 22,732 23,929 16,663 19,578 21,545 22,193 76.9 81.4New York . . . . . . . . . . . 20,183 28,881 31,010 32,743 25,073 28,881 29,390 30,367 113.4 111.4North Carolina . . . . . . . . 15,196 23,396 25,081 26,232 18,878 23,396 23,771 24,329 91.9 89.2North Dakota . . . . . . . . . 14,457 22,596 26,647 29,041 17,960 22,596 25,255 26,934 88.7 98.8Ohio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16,446 24,263 26,825 27,981 20,431 24,263 25,424 25,951 95.3 95.2

    Oklahoma . . . . . . . . . . . 14,280 21,517 24,191 25,496 17,740 21,517 22,927 23,646 84.5 86.7Oregon . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,823 23,905 25,442 26,580 19,657 23,905 24,113 24,651 93.9 90.4Pennsylvania . . . . . . . . . 17,344 25,573 28,472 29,789 21,546 25,573 26,985 27,627 100.4 101.3Rhode Island. . . . . . . . . 17,639 25,059 28,427 29,996 21,913 25,059 26,942 27,819 98.4 102.0South Carolina . . . . . . . . 14,095 21,501 23,727 24,712 17,510 21,501 22,488 22,919 84.4 84.0

    South Dakota . . . . . . . . 14,822 23,163 26,747 28,711 18,413 23,163 25,350 26,628 90.9 97.6Tennessee . . . . . . . . . . 15,122 23,409 26,467 27,794 18,786 23,409 25,085 25,777 91.9 94.5Texas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,623 24,965 26,577 27,722 19,408 24,965 25,189 25,710 98.0 94.3Utah . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13,197 20,801 22,980 24,122 16,394 20,801 21,780 22,372 81.7 82.0Vermont . . . . . . . . . . . . 15,759 24,010 27,842 29,640 19,577 24,010 26,388 27,489 94.3 100.8

    Virginia . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17,872 26,215 29,672 31,277 22,202 26,215 28,122 29,007 102.9 106.4Washington. . . . . . . . . . 17,676 27,309 30,178 32,219 21,959 27,309 28,602 29,881 107.2 109.6West Virginia . . . . . . . . . 12,965 19,535 22,393 23,676 16,106 19,535 21,223 21,958 76.7 80.5Wisconsin . . . . . . . . . . . 15,801 24,498 27,258 28,645 19,629 24,498 25,834 26,566 96.2 97.4Wyoming . . . . . . . . . . . 16,149 24,497 29,194 30,972 20,062 24,497 27,669 28,725 96.2 105.3

    1 Constant dollar estimates are computed by the Census Bureau using the national implicit price deflator for personalconsumption expenditures from the Bureau of Economic Analysis. Any regional differences in the rate of inflation are not reflectedin these constant dollar estimates.

    Source: Except as noted, U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, Survey of Current Business, April 2005. See also (released 28 March 2005).

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    Table 664. Personal Income by Selected Large Metropolitan Area:2000 to 2003

    [8,422,074 represents $8,422,074,000,000. Metropolitan areas as defined December 2003. See Appendix II]

    Metropolitan area ranked by 2003 population

    Personal income Per capita personal income

    2000(mil.dol.)

    2002(mil.dol.)

    2003(mil.dol.)

    Annualpercentchange,

    2002-2003

    2000(dol.)

    2002(dol.)

    2003(dol.)

    Percentof

    nationalaver-age,

    2003

    United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8,422,074 8,869,809 9,151,694 3.2 29,845 30,804 31,472 100.0New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island,

    NY-NJ-PA MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 732,799 747,054 763,575 2.2 39,915 40,186 40,899 130.0Los Angeles-Long Beach-

    Santa Ana, CA MSA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385,053 413,328 427,523 3.4 31,046 32,567 33,347 106.0Chicago-Naperville-Joliet, IL-IN-WI MSA . . . . . 318,439 325,145 330,867 1.8 34,918 35,085 35,464 112.7Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington,

    PA-NJ-DE-MD MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193,919 206,186 213,917 3.7 34,059 35,909 37,059 117.8Detroit-Warren-Livonia, MI MSA . . . . . . . . . . 151,793 154,629 161,421 4.4 34,046 34,526 35,972 114.3Boston-Cambridge-Quincy, MA-NH MSA. . . . . 182,380 188,595 191,107 1.3 41,436 42,546 43,135 137.1Washington-Arlington-Alexandria,

    DC-VA-MD-WV MSA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196,093 214,919 223,394 3.9 40,672 42,987 44,056 140.0San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA MSA . . . 199,989 192,993 195,174 1.1 48,343 46,359 46,958 149.2Miami-Ft. Lauderdale-

    Miami Beach, FL MSA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157,015 169,151 174,652 3.3 31,224 32,493 33,094 105.2

    Houston-Sugar Land-Baytown, TX MSA . . . . . 161,398 170,887 175,431 2.7 34,041 34,401 34,578 109.9Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX MSA . . . . . . . 176,530 184,821 188,747 2.1 33,972 33,770 33,790 107.4Pittsburgh, PA MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74,361 77,723 79,552 2.4 30,610 32,190 33,015 104.9St. Louis, MO-IL MSA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84,222 89,751 92,348 2.9 31,172 32,807 33,535 106.6Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Marietta, GA MSA . . . . 141,817 149,854 153,379 2.4 33,122 33,270 33,308 105.8Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI

    MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109,818 115,401 119,080 3.2 36,838 37,773 38,601 122.7Baltimore-Towson, MD MSA . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85,144 93,311 96,501 3.4 33,293 35,940 36,733 116.7Cleveland-Elyria-Mentor, OH MSA . . . . . . . . . 67,935 69,022 71,051 2.9 31,625 32,219 33,196 105.5Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA MSA . . . . . . . . 115,203 119,799 122,568 2.3 37,746 38,374 39,008 123.9San Diego-Carlsbad-San Marcos, CA MSA . . . 92,654 101,118 104,614 3.5 32,803 34,915 35,841 113.9Cincinnati-Middletown, OH-KY-IN MSA . . . . . . 61,393 65,470 67,508 3.1 30,476 32,159 32,979 104.8Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL MSA . . . 68,891 73,620 75,634 2.7 28,653 29,596 29,881 94.9Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ MSA . . . . . . . . 92,975 101,447 106,327 4.8 28,364 29,080 29,590 94.0Riverside-San Bernardino-

    Ontario, CA MSA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74,787 84,500 89,399 5.8 22,807 24,119 24,526 77.9Kansas City, MO-KS MSA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58,247 62,020 63,540 2.5 31,607 32,863 33,335 105.9Denver-Aurora, CO MSA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82,196 88,602 90,239 1.8 37,847 38,923 39,203 124.6Providence-New Bedford-Fall River, RI-MA

    MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45,976 49,888 51,522 3.3 28,973 30,933 31,743 100.9Milwaukee-Waukesha-West Allis, WI MSA. . . . 49,151 51,910 53,182 2.5 32,718 34,384 35,133 111.6Portland-Vancouver-Beaverton,

    OR-WA MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62,190 64,395 65,629 1.9 32,123 31,988 32,152 102.2San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA MSA . . . 92,947 79,599 79,801 0.3 53,415 46,003 46,072 146.4New Orleans-Metairie-Kenner, LA MSA. . . . . . 34,606 38,211 39,595 3.6 26,302 29,091 30,092 95.6Columbus, OH MSA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49,770 53,554 55,227 3.1 30,743 32,312 32,930 104.6Buffalo-Niagara Falls, NY MSA . . . . . . . . . . . 31,806 32,725 33,751 3.1 27,209 28,212 29,145 92.6Virginia Beach-Norfolk-

    Newport News, VA-NC MSA . . . . . . . . . . . 41,659 45,999 47,675 3.6 26,364 28,659 29,337 93.2Indianapolis, IN MSA. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48,862 52,040 53,816 3.4 31,916 32,983 33,618 106.8San Antonio, TX MSA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45,997 47,797 49,733 4.1 26,752 26,832 27,381 87.0Sacramento-Arden-Arcade-

    Roseville, CA MSA . . . . . . . . . . . . .