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GENEVA — North Korea’s lat-est test of an atomic weaponleaves the United States with anuncomfortable choice: Stick witha policy of incremental sanctionsthat has clearly failed to stop thecountry’s nuclear advances orpick among alternatives thatrange from the highly risky to therepugnant.

A hard embargo, in whichWashington and its allies block allshipping into and out of North Ko-rea and seek to paralyze its fi-nances, risks confrontations thatallies in Asia fear could quickly es-calate into war. But restartingtalks on the North’s terms wouldreward the defiance of its youngleader, Kim Jong-un, with no guar-antee that he will dismantle thenuclear program irrevocably.

Speaking in Geneva early Sat-urday morning after announcinga deal with Russia over the Syrianconflict, Secretary of State JohnKerry said the United States waswilling to negotiate with NorthKorea, but only if it agreed that thegoal of those talks was for it to giveup its weapons. “We have madeoverture after overture to the dic-tator of North Korea,” he said, in-cluding on normalizing the coun-try’s relationship with the Westand a formal peace agreement toreplace the 1953 armistice thathalted the Korean War but not thestate of hostilities.

“All Kim Jong-un needs to do is

LIST OF OPTIONSON NORTH KOREASHRINKS FOR U.S.

MAJOR NUCLEAR TEST

A Powerful Display ofDefiance Despite

Sanctions

This article is by David E. Sanger,Choe Sang-Hun and Jane Perlez.

Continued on Page A6

Agha Jan Motasim, a back-channelnegotiator, says the Taliban are thinkingabout peace talks despite recent fight-ing. The Saturday Profile. PAGE A5

INTERNATIONAL A3-7

A Desire for Afghan PeaceThe judge who oversaw cases broughtby victims’ kin says he feels no regretsfor settling them out of court. PAGE A15

NEW YORK A15-17

Judge Reflects on 9/11 Suits

Norbert Schemansky, a weight lifter whowon medals at four Olympics but ekedout a living, has died at 92. PAGE D7

OBITUARIES D7-8

A Little-Known Olympian

Bob Graham PAGE A19

EDITORIAL, OP-ED A18-19

THIS WEEKEND

Experts expect that by 2020North Korea will have the skills tomake a reliable missile topped bya nuclear warhead. Page A6.

Nuclear Progress Is Seen

DELAWARE, Ohio — Donald J.Trump is not popular in this pros-pering county north of Columbus.The Republican nominee’s dysto-pian language does not resonatehere. Signs that read “Now Hir-ing” outnumber “Trump” cam-paign placards.

But many residents of this reli-ably Republican county, whichlast voted for a Democratic presi-dent in 1916, simply cannot imag-ine voting for Mr. Trump’sDemocratic opponent, HillaryClinton. And that goes a long waytoward explaining why she hasstruggled to separate herself fromMr. Trump in this bellwetherstate.

“I just don’t know what I’m go-ing to do,” said Anne Merrels, 48,who lives with her family in Pow-ell, an old farming town that hassprouted a pair of farm-to-table

restaurants at its crossroads.The subdivisions of southern

Delaware County are a worldapart from the anger and decay ofOhio’s old industrial towns.

Here live the beneficiaries ofglobalization: Ohio State Univer-sity professors, software engi-neers and bankers who work atthe hulking JPMorgan Chasebuilding, a structure on the south-ern edge of the county that is aslarge as the Empire State Build-ing, though considerably shorter.

Delaware County’s medianhousehold income in 2014 was$91,936, by far the highest in thestate and almost twice the state-wide median income. The coun-ty’s unemployment rate was just

3.4 percent in July, compared with4.9 percent nationwide.

Just as Mr. Trump has made in-roads among Ohio’s blue-collarworkers by promising to revivetheir fortunes, Democrats arehoping Mrs. Clinton can find newsupport among affluent and well-educated voters who are thrivingin President Obama’s economyand may be wary of Mr. Trump’sbluster.

C. J. Soliday, a 46-year-old men-tal health therapist, said she wastrying to persuade friends to votefor Mrs. Clinton by posing a singlequestion. “People should ask ifwe’re doing better than we weredoing eight years ago,” Ms. Soli-day said. “And the answer is yes.”

Yet conversations with a fewdozen voters here suggest thatMrs. Clinton faces considerablechallenges in converting the dis-taste for Mr. Trump into supportfor her candidacy. Many of those

Ohio County Spurns Trump but Is Cool to ClintonBy BINYAMIN APPELBAUM

COURTING CHRISTIANS

Donald J. Trump pleaded withChristian conservatives to rally tohis candidacy. Page A10.

Continued on Page A10

The conviction was overturned for aRutgers student who spied on his room-mate’s sexual encounter. PAGE A15

New Trial in Gay-Bullying CaseAs a reporter prepares for her firstpilgrimage to Mecca, her family andfriends have plenty of advice. PAGE A4

Packing for the Hajj

The House passed a bill to allow law-suits against Saudi Arabia over theSept. 11, 2001, attacks, setting up a show-down with the White House. PAGE A13

NATIONAL A8-14

Showdown Over 2001 Attacks

BISMARCK, N.D. — The fed-eral government on Friday tem-porarily blocked construction onpart of a North Dakota oil pipeline,an unusual intervention in aprairie battle that has drawn thou-sands of Native Americans andactivists to camp and demon-strate.

In announcing the pause, thegovernment acknowledged com-plaints from the Standing RockSioux and other tribal nations thattheir concerns had not been fullyheard before federal overseers ap-proved a pipeline that the tribesaid could damage their watersupplies and ancestral culturalsites. The Justice Department andother agencies called for “seriousdiscussion on whether thereshould be nationwide reform withrespect to considering tribes’views on these types of infrastruc-ture projects.”

The tribe in a statement calledthe federal order “a game chang-er.”

The government’s move, an-nounced minutes after a federaljudge rejected efforts by theStanding Rock Sioux, appeared toseek to ease tensions and reset theterms of a passionate debate thathas cast the 1,170-mile Dakota Ac-cess pipeline either as an eco-

nomic boon for the Plains or athreat to Native Americansovereignty, waters and lands.But perhaps more significantly, itappeared to signal a broader will-ingness to re-examine the involve-ment of the tribes in infrastruc-ture decisions like this one.

The government said it wouldinvite tribes to attend formal con-sultations about how they mightwork together on federal deci-sions on tribal lands and onwhether future legislation isneeded.

In recent days, protesters haveclashed with the pipeline compa-ny’s contractors and private secu-rity guards, and officials in NorthDakota have stepped up patrolsand warned of rising tensions asranchers, sheriff’s officers, triballeaders and protesters waited fora ruling on the Standing RockSioux’s federal lawsuit to blockconstruction on the pipeline.

In a joint statement from theDepartments of Justice, the Inte-rior and the Army, the govern-ment announced that the pause

applied to the pipeline’s pathacross a sliver of federal lands andunder a dammed section of theMissouri River known as LakeOahe. The lake, created by gov-ernment-built dams a half-cen-tury ago, is a water source for theStanding Rock Sioux and a focalpoint of the dispute.

The Army Corps of Engineersintends to review its previous de-cisions under federal envi-ronmental and other laws that hadgiven approval for the pipeline.

U.S. SuspendsPipeline WorkIn Tribes’ Path

By JACK HEALYand JOHN SCHWARTZ

Catcher Cuts the Road and others on Friday protested an oil pipeline plan for North Dakota.ALYSSA SCHUKAR FOR THE NEW YORK TIMES

Continued on Page A13

With the United States pullingback, Moscow has embarked on apush to achieve peace in the re-gion. News Analysis, Page A3.

Russia Enters Mideast Void

Another United States Opensemifinal had just gone awry forSerena Williams, and Williams’sagent, Jill Smoller, and half sister,Isha Price, were in the corridor

inside ArthurAshe Stadium,leaning against awall and thumb-ing their smart-phones, oblivious

to the fact that they were leaningagainst a huge photograph ofSteffi Graf.

Graf, the long-retired Germanchampion, continues to loomlarge in the age of SerenaWilliams. And though Williamsstill has every chance of break-ing her tie with Graf and winningan Open-era record 23rd GrandSlam singles title, she now has

no realistic chance of breakingher deadlock with Graf for con-secutive weeks at No. 1.

At full force, Williams can stillbe irresistible, as she proved bywinning Wimbledon again inJuly.

But Williams, who will turn 35this month, is having increasingtrouble with the young this sea-son. The 22-year-old GarbiñeMuguruza of Spain beat her towin the French Open. The 21-year-old Elina Svitolina ofUkraine beat her in the thirdround of the Olympics, and nowKarolina Pliskova, 24, of theCzech Republic, has beaten herfor the first time, a 6-2, 7-6 (5)upset in their semifinal on Thurs-day at the United States Open.

Serena Williams Will Be 35.But Will She Be No. 1 Again?

Continued on Page D5

CHRISTOPHERCLAREY

ON TENNIS

Weeks after the Sept. 11, 2001, at-tacks, with bodies still beingpulled from the smoldering rub-ble, New York’s mayor, RudolphW. Giuliani, delivered an emo-tional address before a hushedUnited Nations.

He spoke with blunt force aboutthe need for the world’s countriesto unite in a global battle againstterrorism. But he also sounded apowerful note of inclusion andunity, reminding the delegates —many of them Arab or Muslim —that New York was a city of immi-grants, within a nation of immi-grants.

“Like the victims of the WorldTrade Center attack, we’re of ev-ery race, we’re of every religion,we’re of every ethnicity, and ourdiversity has been our greatestsource of strength,” he said. “It’sthe thing that renews us and re-vives us in every generation —our openness to new people fromall over the world.”

At the time, Mr. Giuliani’s po-litical promise seemed limitless.But after a calamitous presiden-tial run in 2008, his once-outsizeprofile shriveled.

Mr. Giuliani is now back on thenational political stage, serving asone of Donald J. Trump’s most

Giuliani RoleRisks LegacyTo Aid Trump

By JONATHAN MAHLERand MAGGIE HABERMAN

Continued on Page A11

As rivals race to develop self-drivingvehicles, the tech giant is said to belaying off workers. PAGE B1

BUSINESS DAY B1-7

Apple Scales Back Car Project

After an outcry, Facebook reinstates ahistoric photo it had blocked. PAGE B1

Freedom and the News Feed

New novels about the attacks aim atreaders too young to recall them. PAGE C1

ARTS C1-6

Telling the Children About 9/11

Tom Ford and Kanye West open theweek. A review by Vanessa Friedman.

FASHION A20

New York Fashion Week

GENEVA — Russia and theUnited States agreed early Satur-day on a new plan to reduce vio-lence in the Syrian conflict that, ifsuccessful, could lead for the firsttime to joint military targeting bythe two powers against Islamicjihadists in Syria.

The agreement was reached af-ter 10 months of failed attempts tohalt the fighting and of suspendedefforts to reach a political settle-ment to an increasingly complexconflict that began more than fiveyears ago.

That conflict has left nearly halfa million people dead, created thelargest refugeecrisis sinceWorld War IIand turned Syr-ia into a primeincubator of re-cruiting for theIslamic Stateand the NusraFront, an affili-ate of Al Qaeda.

Secretary ofState John Kerry and his Russiancounterpart, Sergey V. Lavrov, an-nounced the agreement in Genevaafter weeks of negotiations thatwere marred, in President Oba-ma’s words, by deep “mistrust”between Russia and the UnitedStates, which back opposite sidesin Syria, but share an antipathy tothe Islamic jihadists flourishingthere.

Relations between the twocountries, which have worsenedthroughout much of the Obamaadministration, have been espe-cially jolted recently by accusa-tions of Russian hacking and sub-terfuge in American politics. Thetensions have been furtherexacerbated by the effusivepraise for President Vladimir V.Putin of Russia by the Republicanpresidential nominee, Donald J.Trump.

The new arrangement on Syria,set to begin Monday, was greetedwith skepticism by Syrians on allsides and carries many risks offailure, which the Pentagon andMr. Kerry acknowledged. “No one

U.S. AND RUSSIANSFORGE AGREEMENTIN SYRIA CONFLICT

AIDING BESIEGED AREAS

Nations’ Goal Is to LinkMilitary Targeting of

Islamic Jihadists

By DAVID E. SANGERand ANNE BARNARD

A rescue after an airstrike in Douma, east of Damascus. A peace plan is to begin Monday with a seven-day reduction of violence.SAMEER AL-DOUMY/AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE — GETTY IMAGES

John Kerry

Continued on Page A3

VOL. CLXV . . . No. 57,351 © 2016 The New York Times Company NEW YORK, SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 10, 2016

Late Edition

$2.50

Today, clouds and sunshine, verywarm, humid, high 89. Tonight,showers or thunderstorms, low 74.Tomorrow, becoming less humid,high 84. Weather map, Page A14.