i

AN ANALYSIS OF SENTENCE FRAGMENTS

IN STUDENTS’ WRITING OF 8TH

GRADE STUDENTS

OF MTs.N 2 KUDUS IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR 2012/2013

By

Naili Sayyidatul Musfiroh

NIM 200932193

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY

MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY

2013

ii

iii

AN ANALYSIS OF SENTENCE FRAGMENT

IN STUDENTS’ WRITING OF 8TH

GRADE STUDENTS

OF MTs.N 2 KUDUS IN THE ACADEMIC YEAR 2012/2013

Skripsi

Presented to the University of Muria Kudus

in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for Completing

the Sarjana Program English Education

By

Naili Sayyidatul Musfiroh

NIM 200932193

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATIONAL FACULTY

MURIA KUDUS UNIVERSITY

2013

iv

ADVISORS’ APPROVAL

This is to certify that the Skripsi of Naili Sayyidatul Musfiroh (NIM: 200932193)

has been approved by the skripsi advisors for further approval by the examining

committee.

Kudus,

Advisor I

Agung Dwi Nurcahyo S.S, M.Pd

NIS.0610701000001187

Kudus,

Advisor II

Dra. Sri Endang Kusmaryati, M.Pd

NIS.0610701000001009

Acknowledged by

The Faculty of Teacher Training and Education

Dean,

Drs. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd

NIP 19621219198703 1 001

v

EXAMINERS’ APPROVAL

This is to certify that the Skripsi of Naili Sayyidatul Musfiroh (NIM: 200932193)

has been approved by the Examining Committee as a requirement for the Sarjana

Degree of English Education

Kudus,

Skripsi Examining Committee:

Agung Dwi Nurcahyo S.S, M.Pd , Chairperson

NIS.0610701000001187

Dra. Sri Endang Kusmaryati, M.Pd , Member

NIS.0610701000001009

Drs. Muh. Syafei, M.Pd , Member

NIP.196204131988031002

Atik Rokhayani S.Pd, M.Pd , Member

NIS.0610701000001207

Acknowledged by

The Faculty of Teacher Training and Education

Dean,

Dr. Drs. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd

NIP. 196212191987031001

vi

MOTTO AND DEDICATION

Motto:

Man jadda wa Jada.

Where there is a will, there is a way.

A desire and patience are owned by someone who get success.

This final project is dedicated to:

Her beloved father and mother (Moh. Ali

Zuhdi, BA and Ummi Tumijah) for their

never ending support, help and pray for

her

Her lovely sisters and brothers

(Ummi,Aim, Rois and Aufa)

Her beloved advisors (1. Agung Dwi

Nurcahyo S.S, M.Pd, 2. Dra. Endang

Kusmaryati, M.Pd) for all advice which

have been given.

Her close friend ( Sri, Mila, Nurul, Rian,

Dina and Cuke)

vii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Her special thanks must first and foremost go to Allah SWT the almighty

and the merciful for the blessing, health, miracle and inspiration given to me

leading to the completion of this final project and finishing my study.

Praise and invocation are also given to our Prophet, Muhammad SAW, who

is always hoped his intercession in the end of the world. Therefore, the writer

would express her appreciation to those who have helped her, namely:

1. Drs. Slamet Utomo, M.Pd. as the Dean of FKIP UMK.

2. Diah Kurniati, M.Pd., as the Head of EED FKIP UMK.

3. Agung Dwi Nurcahyo S.S, M.Pd as the first advisor for his best

suggestions, guidance, and motivation in finishing this final project.

4. Dra. Endang Kusmaryati, M.Pd as the second advisor for her valuable

help, guidance, correction, and suggestions for the completion of this final

project.

5. Her beloved parents, grandmother and grandfather who always give

support, motivation and moral encouragement to finish her study.

6. Her sisters and brothers, Ummi, Aim, Rois and Aufa, thanks for support

and affection..

7. Her beloved friends in Pena Kampus and BEM FKIP UMK. Thanks for

your love and affection, and friendship.

8. Her close friends ( Sri, Mila, Nurul, Rian, Dina and Cuke)

viii

9. Her friends in English Education Department and all people who have

helped her finishing this skripsi.

Those cannot be mentioned one by one for the support. The writer realizes

that this research paper is far from being perfect. Therefore, she hopes any

constructive criticism from the readers to make it better.

Kudus, September 2013

ix

ABSTRACT

Musfiroh, Naili Sayyidatul. 2013. An Analysis of Sentence Fragment in Students’ Writing of 8

th Grade students of MTs. N 2 Kudus in Academic Year

2012/2013.Skripsi. English Education Department, Teacher Training and Education Faculty.Muria Kudus University. Advisors: (I) Agung Dwi Nurcahyo, S.S,M.Pd., (2) Dra. Endang Kusmaryati,M.Pd.

Key words: Sentence Fragments, Students’ Writing

English writing is needed in communication because it is one of the way to

express the language. It also can express their idea, thoughts, opinion, and

feelings. Unfortunately many people of our country have less thinking in

appreciating English writing. In Junior high school, especially in MTs. N 2

Kudus, students learn how to compose students’ writing. As we know that

students’ writing usually as a parameter for the students about their ability in

writing. Students’ writing is short piece of written work done by students at

school. In making students’ writing, students should know about how to make a

good writing which is students should present the meaning of words that consist

of grammar, panctuation and spelling.The lack of ability in writing students’

writing caused many error, one of them is sentence fragment. A sentence fragment

does not have one of the following: a subject, verb, subject and verb and main or

independent clause, and it makes the reader confuse.

The objective of the research is to find out the types of sentence fragment

in students’ writing of 8th

grade students of MTs.N 2 Kudus in Academic year

2012/2013 and tofind out the contructions of sentence fragments.

In this research, the writer used descriptive qualitative research. The data

of the research was sentence fragmentand the data source of the research was

students’ writing ofthe 8th

grade students of MTs Negeri 2 Kudus.

The result of this study shows that types of sentence fragmentwas used;

the dominant sentence fragment is 24 sentences. It is in the sentence without

verb,then it is followed by a sentence without subject 11 sentences, and a sentence

without subject10sentences and a sentence without main or independent clause 9

sentences.The constructions of each types of sentence fragments which are found

in students’ writing by the 8th

grade students ofMTs.N 2 Kudus show that all of

the sentence fragment does not has a complete though.

In order to optimize the result, the teacher can give emphasis and

controling in writing a students writing in order that the students never write

sentences fragment anymore. It is also better if he or she can give more deeply

explaination to the students about the complete sentence and sentence fragment by

showing the rule of sentence and giving the example of complete sentence and

sentence fragment. While, the students should know the rule ofEnglish or

grammar, especially sentence fragment. It is very important to be known,so that

they can avoid it in writing.

x

ABSTRAK Musfiroh, Naili Sayyidatul. 2013. An Analysis of Sentence Fragment in Students’

Writing of 8th

Grade students of MTs. N 2 Kudus in Academic Year 2012/2013.Skripsi:Jurusan Bahasa Inggris Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas Muria Kudus. Pembimbing: (I) Agung Dwi Nurcahyo, S.S,M.Pd., (2) Dra. Endang Kusmaryati,M.Pd.

Kata Kunci : Sentence Fragments, Tugas Karangan Siswa

Menulis dalam bahasa inggris dibutuhkan didalam berkomunikasi karena

itu merupakan salah satu cara untuk mengekspresikan suatu bahasa. Hal itu juga

dapat menunjukkan ide mereka, pemikiran, pendapat dan perasaan. Sayangnya

banyak orang dinegara kita yang memiliki pemikiran yang kurang dalam

memahami penulisan inggris. Di sekolah menengah pertama, khususnya di MTs.

N 2 Kudus, siswa-siswa belajar bagaimana membuat tugas karangan siswa.

Sebagaimana kita tahu bahwa tugas karanagn siswa sebagai parameter bagi

mereka dalam hal kemampuan di bidang menulis. Tugas karangan siswa adalah

potongan pendek karya tulis yang dilakukan oleh siswa di sekolah. Dalam

membuat tugas karangan, siswa harus tahu tentang bagaimana membuat tulisan

yang baik yang siswa harus menyajikan makna kata-kata yang terdiri dari tata

bahasa, ejaan. Kurangnya kemampuan dalam menulis karya tulis mahasiswa

menyebabkan banyak kesalahan, salah satunya adalah fragmen kalimat. Sebuah

fragmen kalimat tidak memiliki salah satu dari berikut: subjek, kata kerja, subjek

dan kata kerja dan klausa utama atau independen, dan itu membuat pembaca

bingung

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mencari tipe dari sentence fragment

yang terdapat pada tugas karangan siswadari siswa kelas 8 MTs.N 2 Kudus pada

tahun Akademik 2012/2013 dan untuk mengetahui struktur fragmen kalimat.

Dalam penelitian ini, penulis menggunakan penelitian deskriptif kualitatif.

Data dari penelitian ini adalah fragmen kalimat dan sumber data penelitian adalah

menulis siswa dari siswa kelas 8 MTs Negeri 2 Kudus.

Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa jenis fragmen kalimat yang

dominan digunakan adalah 24 kalimat. Hal ini terdapat dalam kalimat tanpa kata

kerja, kemudian diikuti dengan kalimat tanpa subjek 11 kalimat, dan kalimat

tanpa subjek 10 kalimat dan kalimat utama 9 kalimat. Konstruksi masing-masing

jenis fragmen kalimat yang ditemukan dalam karangan siswa oleh siswa kelas 8

MTs. N 2 Kudus menunjukkan bahwa semua fragmen kalimat tidak memiliki

pemikiran yang lengkap sekalipun.

Dalam rangka mengoptimalkan hasil,guru dapat memberikan penekanan

dan pengendalian dalam menulis karangan siswa agar siswa tidak pernah menulis

kalimat fragmen lagi. Hal ini juga lebih baik jika guru bisa memberikan

penjelasan lebih mendalam kepada siswa tentang kalimat lengkap dan kalimat

fragmen dengan menunjukkan aturan kalimat dan memberikan contoh kalimat

lengkap dan fragmen kalimat. Sementara, para siswa harus mengetahui aturan

bahasa Inggris atau tata bahasa, terutama fragmen kalimat. Hal ini sangat penting

untuk diketahui, sehingga mereka bisa menghindarinya dalam menulis

xi

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

COVER .............................................................................................................. i

LOGO ................................................................................................................. ii

TITLE ................................................................................................................ iii

ADVISOR'S APPROVAL ................................................................................ iv

EXAMINERS' APPROVAL ............................................................................ v

MOTTO AND DEDICATION ......................................................................... vi

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ................................................................................ vii

ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................... ix

ABSTRAKS ....................................................................................................... x

TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................. xi

LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................xiv

LIST OF APPENDICES ..................................................................................

CHAPTERI INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Research ............................................................... 1

1.2 Statement of the Problem ...................................................................... 5

1.3 Objective of the Research ..................................................................... 5

1.4 Significance of the Research ................................................................. 6

1.5 Scope of the Research ........................................................................... 6

1.6 Operational Definition .......................................................................... 7

CHAPTER II REVIEW TO RELATED LITERATURE

2.1 Sentence ................................................................................................ 8

2.1.1 Types of Sentence ................................................................................. 9

2.1.2 Part of Sentence .................................................................................... 10

2.1.3 Contruction of sentence ........................................................................ 14

2.2 Sentence Fragment ................................................................................ 14

2.3 Types of Sentence Fragment ................................................................. 20

2.3.1 A Sentence without Subject .................................................................. 22

2.3.2 A Sentence without (Finite) Verb ......................................................... 22

2.3.3 A Sentence without Subject and ((Finite) Verb .................................... 23

2.3.4 A Sentence without Main or Independent Clause................................. 24

2.4 Writing .................................................................................................. 24

xii

2.5 Writing Process ..................................................................................... 25

2.6 Students Writing ................................................................................... 27

2.6.1 Genre ................................................................................................... 27

2.6.2 Types of Genre ...................................................................................... 27

2.7 Teaching Writing in MTs Negeri 2 Kudus ........................................... 28

2.8 Previous Research ................................................................................. 29

2.9 Theoritical Framework.......................................................................... 30

CHAPTER III METHOD OF THE RESEARCH

3.1 Design of the Research ......................................................................... 31

3.2 Data and Data Source............................................................................ 32

3.3 Procedure of Collecting Data ................................................................ 32

3.4 Technique of Analyzing Data ............................................................... 33

CHAPTER IV FINDINGOF THE RESEARCH

4.1 Types of Sentence Fragments Found in the Students’ writing of 8th

GradeStudents of MTS.N 2 Kudus in the Academic Year 2012/2013 . 35

4.2 Contructions of Setence Fragments Found in the Students’ writing of

8th

Grade Students of MTS.N 2 Kudus in the Academic Year

2012/2013.... ......................................................................................... 40

4.2.1 Contructions of Sentence Fragments Types 1 (a Sentence without

Subject) Found in the Students’ Writing of 8th Grade Students of

MTS.N 2 Kudus in the Academic Year 2012/2013 .............................. 41

4.2.2 Contructions of Sentence Fragments Types 2 (a Sentence without

Subject) Found in the Students’ Writing of 8th Grade Students of

MTS.N 2 Kudus in the Academic Year 2012/2013 .............................. 42

4.2.3 Contructions of Sentence Fragments Types 3 (a Sentence without

Subject) Found in the Students’ Writing of 8th Grade Students of

MTS.N 2 Kudus in the Academic Year 2012/2013 .............................. 44

4.2.4 Contructions of Sentence Fragments Types 1 (a Sentence without

Subject) Found in the Students’ Writing of 8th Grade Students of

MTS.N 2 Kudus in the Academic Year 2012/2013 .............................. 45

xiii

CHAPTER V DISCUSSION

5.1 Sentence Fragment Found in Students Writng of 8th

Grade Students

ofMTs.N 2 Kudus ................................................................................. 47

5.2 Contruction of Sentence Fragment Found in Students’ Writing .......... 50

CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

6.1 Conclusion ............................................................................................... 56

6.2 Suggestion ............................................................................................... 57

BIBLIOGRAPHY

APPENDICES

STATEMENT

CURRICULUM VITAE

xiv

LIST OF TABLES

Table page

2.1.3 Construction of Sentence ................................................................... 14

4.1 Types of Sentence Fragments Found in the Students’ writing of 8th

Grade Students of MTs.N 2 Kudus in the Academic Year

2012/2013 ........................................................................................... 36

4.2.1Contructions of Sentence Fragments Types 1 (a Sentence without

Subject) Found in the Students’ Writing of 8th

Grade Students of

MTS.N 2Kudus in the Academic Year 2012/2013. ....................................... 42

4.2.2Contructions of Setence Fragments Types 2 (a Sentence

withoutVerbFound in the Students’ Writing of 8th

Grade Students

of MTS.N 2Kudus in the Academic Year 2012/2013 ........................ 43

4.2.3Contructions of Setence Fragments Types 3 (a Sentence Without

Subject and Verb Found in the Students’ Writing of 8th

GradeStudents of MTS.N 2 Kudus in the Academic Year

2012/2013 ........................................................................................... 45

4.2.4 Contructions of Setence Fragments Types 4 (a Sentence Without

Subject and Verb Found in the Students’ Writing of 8th

GradeStudents of MTS.N 2 Kudus in the Academic Year

2012/2013 ........................................................................................... 46