In order to fully appreciate the origins (beginnings) and purposes of music from any era (time...
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In order to fully appreciate the origins (beginnings) and purposes of music from any era (time period), it is necessary to understand what was happening
In order to fully appreciate the origins (beginnings) and
purposes of music from any era (time period), it is necessary to
understand what was happening during that time period. We need to
look at the time, place and characteristics of an era. Time is
about history. Place is about geography. Characteristics encompass
what was the main ideas of the time and how they are reflected in
music.
Slide 3
Time: 17 th, 18 th, and 19 th centuries (1600s, 1700s &
1800s) Place: Early (Colonial) America
Slide 4
People traveled, on boats, from Europe (especially England) to
begin a new life in a new world that would later become the United
States of America. With them were brought their traditions, beliefs
and customs. These European settlers created communities in
different areas on the East coast, which became known as colonies.
Of course, the people who lived in these colonies were called
colonists. This is why this period in history is called Colonial
America.
Slide 5
When settlers arrived in this New World, some lived in what is
known as Jamestown, Virginia (1607). They met Native Americans who
were already living there. These colonists learned new ways of
living or customs from these Native Americans. They learned how to
plant crops like corn and beans.
Slide 6
The most noted contribution of Native American culture in
European music is the ostinato Ostinato: A musical pattern which
repeats over and over Can you think of any English words that look
and sound like ostinato?
Slide 7
The settlers brought with them their music influences.
Composers that were popular in Europe during Early American times
were Bach and Handel (1600s), Mozart (1700s) and Beethoven (1700s
-1800s). Musical elements of rhythm, melody, harmony, form, timbre,
tempo, and dynamics which were used by European composers, were
incorporated in the colonists music.
Slide 8
Adults brought their treasures and most cherished possessions
with them on the trip to the New World. Some of their possessions
included music instruments. Instruments brought over from Europe
that became prominent in the New World: Violin Recorder Harpsichord
(if you could get it shipped over) Piano wasnt invented until 1771.
Guitar Dulcimer Harmonica MandolinMandolin
Slide 9
The clarinet is a specific example of a musical instrument
which developed in Europe, but was used in American music. Johann
Christoph Denner invented the clarinet in Germany around the turn
of the 18th century by adding a register key to the earlier
chalumeau. What instrument family does the clarinet belong in? How
does a reed instrument like the clarinet make sound? Link
Slide 10
(Classical) Even though settlers brought over the styles and
elements of music to the New World, European music (Classical) was
rarely performed in the colonies. Big cities and towns and rich
people (politicians, etc.) had classical music performed at special
events.
Slide 11
Folk songs and Game songs Folk songs and Game songs were one of
the most popular styles of music in Colonial America. Folk songs,
in general, are usually songs about everyday life AND are passed
down from generation to generation. Game Songs examples: Ring
Around The Rosie, Mulberry Bush, London Bridge Folk Songs examples:
Old Dan Tucker; Oh, SusannahOld Dan Tucker
Slide 12
Africans were brought over as slaves to the Americas. They
carried with them their culture, beliefs, and music. They brought
over their rhythms and re-made instruments that they used in
Africa. To make a long story short:
Slide 13
The slaves sang work songs while working in the fields of the
slave owners. Over time, these work songs integrated with Early
American songs and church music and developed into a style of music
called Spirituals. These spirituals were sacred and was a way for
them to ease the burden of their hard life (they sang about hope
for a better life). Follow the Drinking Gourd
Slide 14
Africas Contribution to Music: Improvisation: Making music up
as you go along. Call & Response Polyrhythms:Two or more
contrasting rhythm patterns being played at the same time. Banjo
Drums
Slide 15
POLYRHYTHM EXERCISE 123456789101112 A 14710 B 2356891112 C
135681011
Slide 16
Early American music influences came from European
(instrumentation) Native American (ostinato) and African
(polyrhythm) music Instruments of Early America: violin (fiddle),
dulcimer, banjo, guitar, harpsichord, jaw harp, harmonica, and
recorder Styles of Music: Folk Songs - usually about everyday life;
passed down from generation to generation Game Songs for
recreation.
Slide 17
Improvisation: Making music up as you go along. Call &
Response Banjo Drums POLYRHYTHMS: Two or more contrasting rhythm
patterns played at the same time. Africas Contribution to Early
American Music: Work Song: Slave songs while working in the fields
Spiritual: Type of religious music which developed from the work
song