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GLOBAL/COUNTRY STUDY AND REPORT
ON
“FRANCE”
Submitted to
(SARVODAY CHARITABLE M.B.A COLLEGE)
IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE
REQUIREMENT OF THE AWARD FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
In
Gujarat Technological University
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF
Faculty Guide
MR.JATAN DALAL
Submitted by
(DAMOR KALPESH M)
[Batch: 2010-12, Enrollment No.:097560592041]
MBA SEMESTER III/IV
(SARVODAY CHARITABLE M.B.A COLLEGE
AT & PO. Kakanpur,Ta. Godhra, Dist. Panchmahal)
MBA PROGRAMME
Affiliated to Gujarat Technological University Ahmedabad
December, 2011
Preface
A preface seems generally to be considered as a kind of closet
prologue.
It is a matter of great pleasure that I am undertaking writing
report at MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION. It is a
challenging career, which requires an adept and practical knowledge of
business affairs and accounts.
As a part of the curriculum of MBA, I did my GLOBAL/STUDY
COUNTRY REPORT OF FRANCE, in this GCR, I am presenting the
report on “FRANCE”I have tried my best to present this report.
Acknowledgement
Gratitude is the noble response of one’s soul to kindness or help
generously rendered by another and its acknowledgment is a duty and
joyance. So it is that I express briefly my debt to those who have made the
creation of this project possible.
I thank the almighty, Lord on whom we believe and depend on. My
each and every achievement is nothing but a look of the God on me.
I thankful to faculty members who helped me in successfully pursuing this
GCR on France. I would hereby take this opportunity to thank all the
individuals unnamed in this acknowledgement who have directly or indirectly
helped me during this GCR.
Sr. No. PARTICULAR
1 College Certificate
2 Acknowledgement
3 DECLARATION
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER
NO
PARTICULARS PAGE
NO
1 Demographic Profile of France 1
2 Climate ,people, Population of France 2
3 Nationality, religion, languages of France 5
4 History of France 7
5 Politics of France 9
6 Economic Overview of the France 10
7 Overview of Industries trade and Commerce 10
8 Exports and Imports 15
9 Overview Different Economic Sectors of France 17
10 Overviews of Business and Trade at International Level
22
11 France’s Trade Relations and business with
India/Gujarat
24
12 PESTEL analysis of France 27
13 REFERANCE/BIBLIOGRAPHY 28
14 Introduction of Saint-Gobain: 29
15 Structure of Saint-Gobain 33
16 Function and business Activities of Saint-Gobain 37
17 Comparative Position of Saint-Gobain 48
18 Saint-Gobain Product with India and Gujarat 52
19 Policies and Norms of India for Import or Export to
France
59
20 Present Trade barriers for import / Export of ONE
Suit® Pro
65
21 Potential for Import /Export in India/Gujarat market 67
22 Business Opportunities In Future 69
23 Conclusions and Suggestions 80
1
Demographic Profile of France
Official Name: French Republic
Currency: euro
PROFILE
Geography of France
France possesses a large variety of landscapes, ranging from coastal
plains in the north and west, where France borders the North Sea and the
Atlantic Ocean, to the mountain ranges in the south (the Pyrenees) and the
southeast (the Alps), of which the latter contains the highest point of Europe
the Mont Blanc a 4810 m.
In between are found other elevated regions such as the Massif Central or the
Vosges mountains and extensive river basins such as those of the Loire
River, the Rhone River, the Garonne and Seine.
2
Geography
Area: 551,670 sq. km. (220,668 sq. mi.); largest west European country,
Cities: Capital--Paris.
Major cities--Marseille, Lyon, Toulouse, Strasbourg, Nice, Rennes, Lille,
Bordeaux.
Terrain: Varied.
Climate: Temperate.
Climate
France has a temperate climate, and is made up of four broad climatic zones:
the humid seaboard zone west of the line Bayonne-Lille with cool
summers; a semi-continental zone with cold winters and hot summers in
Alsace-Lorraine, along the rhodanian corridor and in the mountainous massifs (Alps, Pyrénées, Massif Central);
an intermediate zone with cold winters and hot summers in the North,
the Paris region and the central region; a Mediterranean zone with mild winters and very hot summers in the
south of France.
Daylight Savings Time:
As decided upon by the European Parliament, daylight savings time in the European Union
begins on the last Sunday of March at 2:00.am ends on the last Sunday of October at 3:00.am
People
Nationality: Adjective--French.
Population (January 1, 2010 est.): 65.0 million (including overseas territories);
63.1 million (metropolitan).
Annual population growth rate (2011 est.): 0.55%.
Ethnic groups: Celtic and Latin with Teutonic, Slavic, North African, Sub-
Saharan African, Indochinese, and Basque minorities.
Religion: Roman Catholic (majority), Muslim, Protestant, Jewish.
3
Language: French.
Education: Years compulsory--10. Literacy--99%.
Health: Infant mortality rate (Jan. 2011)--3.7/1,000.
Work force (2009): 28.3 million (preliminary): Services--75%; industry
and construction--21.7%; agriculture--2.9%.
Population
65,312,249 (July 2011 est.) notes: the above figure is for metropolitan France and five overseas regions;
The metropolitan France population is 62,814,233
Age structure
0-14 years: 18.5% (male 6,180,905/female 5,886,849) 15-64 years: 64.7% (male 21,082,175/female 21,045,867) 65 years and over: 16.8% (male 4,578,089/female 6,328,834) (2011 est.)
Median age
total: 39.9 years male: 38.4 years female: 41.5 years (2011 est.)
Population growth rate
0.5% (2011 est.)
Birth rate
12.29 births/1,000 population (2011 est.)
Death rate
8.76 deaths/1,000 population (July 2011 est.)
Net migration rate
1.46 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2011 est.)
4
Urbanization
urban population: 85% of total population (2010) rate of urbanization: 1% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)
Sex ratio
At birth: 1.051 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.72 male(s)/female total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2011 est.)
Infant mortality rate
total: 3.29 deaths/1,000 live births male: 3.61 deaths/1,000 live births female: 2.96 deaths/1,000 live births (2011 est.)
Life expectancy at birth
total population: 81.19 years male: 78.02 years female: 84.54 years (2011 est.)
Total fertility rate
1.96 children born/woman (2011 est.)
5
Nationality
Noun: Frenchman(men),
Frenchwoman(women)
adjective: French
Ethnic groups
Celtic and Latin with Teutonic, Slavic, North African, Indochinese, Basque minorities overseas departments: black, white, mulatto, East Indian, Chinese, Amerindian
Religions
The French government does not keep statistics as to religion. The 2003 CIA World Factbook lists the religion of France as:
Roman Catholic 83%-88%,
Protestant 2%,
Jewish 1%,
Muslim 5%-10%,
Unaffiliated 4%
Overseas departments:
Roman Catholic, Protestant, Hindu, Muslim, Buddhist, pagan
Languages
French (official) 100%, rapidly declining regional dialects and languages
(Provencal, Breton, Alsatian, Corsican, Catalan, Basque, Flemish)
Overseas departments: French, Creole patois, Mahorian (a Swahili dialect)
Literacy
6
definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 99% male: 99% female: 99% (2003 est.)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
Total: 16 years male: 16 years female: 16 years (2008)
Education expenditures
5.6% of GDP (2007)
Maternal mortality rate
8 deaths/100,000 live births (2008)
Health expenditures
3.5% of GDP (2009)
International rankings
Total GDP in US dollars, 2002: 5th (out of 185) Total value of foreign trade (imports and exports) in US dollars, 2002:
4th (out of 185) Human Development Index, 2001: 17th (out of 175)
world-wide press freedom index
Rank 11 out of 139 countries
7
History of France
The borders of modern France closely match those of the ancient territory
of Gaul, inhabited by the Gauls, a Celtic people.
Gaul was conquered by the Romans in the first century BC, and the Gauls
eventually adopted Romance speech and culture. Christianity also took root in
the second and third centuries AD.
Gaul's eastern frontiers along the Rhine were overrun by Germanic tribes in
the fourth century AD, principally the Franks, from which the ancient name of
"Francie" derived, modern name "France" derives from the name of the feudal
domain of the Capetian Kings of France, around Paris (now Île-de-France).
Although the French monarchy is often dated to the 5th century, France's
continuous existence as a separate entity begins with the 9th-century division
of Charlemagne's Frankish empire into an eastern and a western part.
Charlemagne's descendants ruled France until 987, when Hugh Capet, Duke
of France and Count of Paris, was crowned King of France.
His descendants, starting with the Capetian dynasty, ruled France until 1792,
when the French Revolution established a Republic, in a period of
increasingly radical change that began in 1789.
Napoleon Bonaparte seized control of the republic in 1799, making himself
Emperor.
Following his defeat in 1815, monarchial rule was restored to France, which
was then legislatively abolished and followed by a Second Republic.
The second republic ended when the late Emperor's nephew, Louis-Napoléon
Bonaparte was elected President and proclaimed a Second Empire.
8
Although ultimately a victor in World Wars I and II, France suffered extensive
losses in its empire, wealth, manpower, and rank as a dominant nation-state.
Since 1958, it has constructed a presidential democracy (known as the Fifth
Republic) that has not succumbed to the instabilities experienced in earlier
more parliamentary regimes.
In recent decades, France's reconciliation and cooperation with Germany
have proved central to the economic integration of Europe, including the
introduction of the Euro in January 1999.
Today, France is at the forefront of European states seeking to exploit the
momentum of monetary union to advance the creation of a more unified and
capable European political, defense and security apparatus.
It is also one of the five permanent members of the UN Security Council.
9
Politics of France
The constitution of the Fifth Republic was approved by public referendum on
September 28, 1958. It greatly strengthened the authority of the executive in
relation to Parliament.
Under the constitution, the president is elected directly for a 5-year (originally
7-year) term.
Presidential arbitration assures regular functioning of the public powers and
the continuity of the state. The president names the prime minister, presides
over the cabinet, commands the armed forces, and concludes treaties.
The National Assembly (Assemblée Nationale) is the principal legislative
body. Its deputies are directly elected to 5-year terms, and all seats are voted
on in each election. Senators are chosen by an electoral college for 9-year
terms, and one-third of the Senate is renewed every 3 years.
The Senate's legislative powers are limited; the National Assembly has the
last word in the event of a disagreement between the two houses. The
government has a strong influence in shaping the agenda of Parliament.
The President of the French Republic
Nicolas Sarkozy(President of the France)
10
Economic Overview of the France
France is the fifth economic power in the world. Its per capita income from
goods and services is among the highest in Europe, and its labor productivity
is one of the best in the world.
The internationalization of the French economy is an established fact. It can
be measured by the dynamic nature of its trade with Europe and the rest of
the world. It can also be seen in capital movements: France is both a major
investor in other countries and a favored destination for international
investment.
France is the world‟s number six economic power in terms of GDP. The
country‟s assets range from transport, telecommunications, food industries
and pharmaceutical products through banking, insurance and tourism to
traditional luxury goods (leather goods, ready-to-wear fashion, perfumes, fine
wines and spirits, etc.).
Overview of Industries trade and Commerce
GDP (purchasing power parity):
$2.145 trillion (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 10
$2.114 trillion (2009 est.) $2.169 trillion (2008 est.) note: data are in 2010 US dollars
GDP (official exchange rate):
$2.583 trillion (2010 est.)
GDP - real growth rate:
1.5% (2010 est.)
11
country comparison to the world: 160 -2.5% (2009 est.) 0.1% (2008 est.)
GDP - per capita (PPP):
$33,100 (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 39 $32,800 (2009 est.) $33,900 (2008 est.) note: data are in 2010 US dollars
GDP - composition by sector:
agriculture: 1.7% industry: 18.6% Services: 79.7% (2010 est.)
Labor force:
29.32 million (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 21
Labor force - by occupation:
agriculture: 3.8% industry: 24.3% services: 71.8% (2005)
Unemployment rate:
9.3% (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 104 9.1% (2009 est.)
Population below poverty line:
6.2% (2004)
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
lowest 10%: 3% highest 10%: 24.8% (2004)
Distribution of family income - Gini index:
32.7 (2008)
country comparison to the world: 102 32.7 (1995)
Investment (gross fixed):
19.3% of GDP (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 125
12
Budget:
revenues: $1.26 tril lion Expenditures: $1.44 tri llion (2010 est.)
Taxes and other revenues:
48.8% of GDP (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 19
Budget surplus (+) or deficit ( -):
-7% of GDP (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 175
Public debt:
82.4% of GDP (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 18 79% of GDP (2009 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
1.7% (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 55 0.1% (2009 est.)
Central bank discount rate:
1.75% (31 December 2010)
country comparison to the world: 116 1.75% (31 December 2009) note: this is the European Central Bank's rate on the marginal lending facility, which offers overnight credit to banks in the euro area
Commercial bank prime lending rate:
3.373% (31 December 2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 173 4.249% (31 December 2009 est.)
Stock of narrow money:
Stock of broad money:
$2.57 trillion (31 December 2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 7 $2.336 trillion (31 December 2010 est.)
Stock of domestic credit:
13
$4.319 trillion (31 December 2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 7 $4.121 trillion (31 December 2008 est.)
Market value of publicly traded shares:
$1.926 trillion (31 December 2010)
country comparison to the world: 7 $1.972 trillion (31 December 2009) $1.492 trillion (31 December 2008)
Agriculture - products:
wheat, cereals, sugar beets, potatoes, wine grapes; beef, dairy products; fish
Industries:
machinery, chemicals, automobiles, meta llurgy, aircraft, electronics; textiles, food processing; tourism
Industrial production growth rate:
5.1% (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 81
Electricity - production:
510 bill ion kWh (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 9
Electricity - consumption:
460.9 bill ion kWh (2008 est.)
country comparison to the world: 9
Electricity - exports:
44.91 bill ion kWh (2009 est.)
Electricity - imports:
25.7 bill ion kWh (2009 est.)
Oil - production:
84,820 bbl/day (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 52
Oil - consumption:
1.861 million bbl/day (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 13
Oil - exports:
487,200 bbl/day (2009 est.)
14
country comparison to the world: 29
Oil - imports:
2.22 mill ion bbl/day (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 9
Oil - proved reserves:
91.63 million bbl (1 January 2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 72
Natural gas - production:
721 million cu m (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 64
Natural gas - consumption:
49.78 bill ion cu m (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 16
Natural gas - exports:
2.945 bill ion cu m (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 33
Natural gas - imports:
46.2 bill ion cu m (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 6
Natural gas - proved reserves:
6.796 bill ion cu m (1 January 2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 84
Current account balance:
-$54.4 billion (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 193 -$39.87 billion (2009 est.)
15
Exports:
$517.2 bill ion (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 6 $475.9 bill ion (2009 est.)
Exports - commodities:
machinery and transportation equipment, aircraft, plastics, chemicals,
pharmaceutical products, iron and steel, beverages
Exports - partners:
Germany 16.4%, Italy 8.2%, Belgium 7.7%, Spain 7.6%, UK 6.8 %, US 5.1%, Netherlands 4.2% (2010)
Imports:
$588.4 bill ion (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 6 $535.8 bill ion (2009 est.)
Imports - commodities:
machinery and equipment, vehicles, crude oil, aircraft, plastics, chemicals
Imports - partners:
Germany 19.3%, Belgium 11.4%, Italy 8%, Netherlands 7.5%, Spain 6.8%, China 5.1%, UK 5% (2010)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
$166.2 bill ion (31 December 2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 14 $133.1 bill ion (31 December 2009 est.)
Debt - external:
$5.633 trillion (30 June 2011)
country comparison to the world: 4 $4.698 trillion (30 June 2010)
Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:
$1.161 trillion (31 December 2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 2 $1.128 trillion (31 December 2009 est.
16
Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:
$1.746 trillion (31 December 2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 2 $1.662 trillion (31 December 2009 est.)
Exchange rates:
euros (EUR) per US dollar - 0.755 (2010) 0.7198 (2009) 0.6827 (2008 0.7345 (2007) 0.7964 (2006)
17
Overview Different Economic Sectors of France
France is the world's fifth largest economy by nominal figures and
the ninth largest economy by PPP figures. It is the second largest
economy in Europe (behind its main economic partner Germany) in nominal
figures and third largest economy in Europe in PPP figures (behind Germany
and the United Kingdom).France's economy entered the 2008-2009 recession
later and left it earlier than most comparable economies, only enduring four
quarters of contraction. As of September 2010, France's economy has been
growing continuously since the second quarter of 2009. Between January and
March 2011, France's GDP growth has been stronger than expected, at 0.9%,
one of the best figures in Europe but shrunk between April and June 2011
decreasing by -0.1%. Between July and September the French economy
returned to growth of 0.4%; below the growth rates of its neighbors Germany
and the UK which both grew by 0.5% in the same July to September period.
Sectors of the economy
Main industries
Energy
France is the world-leading country in nuclear energy, home of global
energy giants Areva, EDF and GDF Suez: nuclear power now accounts for
about 78% of the country's electricity production, up from only 8% in 1973,
24% in 1980, and 75% in 1990. Nuclear waste is stored on site at
reprocessing facilities. Due to its heavy investment in nuclear power, France
18
is the smallest emitter of carbon dioxide among the seven most industrialized
countries in the world.
Electricity in France amounted to 548.8 TWh, of which:
428.7 TWh (78.1%) were produced by nuclear power generation
60.9 TWh (11.1%) were produced by hydroelectric power generation
52.4 TWh (9.5%) were produced by fossil fuel power generation
21.6 TWh (3.9%) by coal power
20.9 TWh (1.1%) by natural gas power
9.9 TWh (1.8%) by other fossil fuel generation (fuel oil and gases by-
products of industry such as blast furnace gases)
6.9 TWh (1.3%) were produced by other types of power generation
(essentially waste-to-energy and wind turbines))
The electricity produced by wind turbines increased from 0.596 TWh in 2004,
to 0.963 TWh in 2005, and 2.15 Other electricity providers include CNR
(Compagnie nationale du Rhône) and Endesa (through SNET)
Agriculture
France is the world's second largest agricultural exporter, world's sixth-
largest agricultural producer and European Union's leading agricultural power,
accounting for about one-third of all agricultural land within the EU.
Northern France is characterized by large wheat farms. Dairy products,
pork, poultry, and apple production are concentrated in the western region.
Beef production is located in central France, while the production of fruits,
vegetables, and wine ranges from central to southern France. France is a
large producer of many agricultural products and is currently expanding its
forestry and fishery industries. The implementation of the Common
19
Agricultural Policy (CAP) and the Uruguay Round of the General Agreement
on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) has resulted in reforms in the agricultural sector
of the economy.
As the world's second-largest agricultural exporter, France ranks just after
the United States. The destinations of 70% of its exports are other EU
members states. France also provides agricultural exports to many poor
African countries (including its former colonies) which face serious food
shortage. Wheat, beef, pork, poultry, and dairy products are the principal
exports.
The United States faces stiff competition from domestic production, other
EU member states, and third world countries. U.S. agricultural exports to
France, totaling some $600 million annually, consist primarily of soybeans and
products, feeds and fodders, seafood, and consumer oriented products,
especially snack foods and nuts. French exports to the United States are
much more high value products such as cheese, processed products
and wine.
The French agricultural sector received almost €11 billion from EU subsidies.
France's competitive advantage is mostly linked to the high quality and global
reputation of its products, among which are some of the world's most
renowned agricultural productions like wine or cheese. Such world-famous
production goes a long way to create a thriving domestic sector
Tourism
France attracted 78.95 million foreign tourists in 2010, making it the most
popular tourist destination in the world.[1] France offers mountain ranges,
coastlines such as in Brittany or along the Mediterranean Sea, cities with a
rich cultural heritage, châteaux (castles) like Versailles, and vineyards.
Tourism is accountable for 6% of the country's income (4% from French
20
tourists travelling inside France and 2% from foreign tourists), and contributes
significantly to the balance of payments.
Paris, the capital city, is the most visited city in the world. Paris attracts
tourists with museums such as the Louvre and Musée d'Orsay, and
attractions like the Eiffel Tower, Arc de Triomphe, the cathedral of Notre-
Dame, and Disneyland Paris
21
In the eastern parts of France there are skiing resorts in the Alps. Notable
French cities are Avignon with the Popes' palace, Arles, Aix-en-Provence,
Bordeaux, Lyon, Marseille, Nice, Saint-Benoît-du-Sault on the Loire River,
Toulouse on the Garonne, Strasbourg on the border with Germany, and the
beautiful city of Nantes. Metz possesses the most visited venue outside Paris,
the Centre Pompidou-Metz.
All over France rental accommodations and hotels are available. For
example, the English like to spend their summers in the Dordogne valley, the
Spanish vacation in Biarritz and St Jean de Luz on the Basque coast, and the
Irish often visit Lourdes. Tourists also travel to see the annual cycle race, the
Tour de France.
France's Mediterranean beaches on the French Riviera, in Languedoc-
Roussillon, or in Corsica, are famous. Away from the mainland tourists are
French Polynesia (especially Tahiti), the Caribbean islands Martinique,
Guadeloupe and others.
In addition to Disneyland Resort Paris, there are also other famous theme
parks in the provinces:
Parc Astérix (1.8 million of visitors in 2009)
Futuroscope (1.825 million of visitors in 2010)
Puy du Fou (1.471 million of visitors in 2010)
Weapons industry
The French arms industry's main customer, for whom they mainly build
warships, guns, nuclear weapons and equipment, is the French Government.
Record high defense expenditure (currently at €35 billion), which was
considerably increased under the government of Prime Minister Jean-Pierre
Raffarin, goes largely to the French arms industries. France is also the fourth
largest weapons exporter in the world.[25] French manufacturers export great
quantities of weaponry to the United Arab Emirates, Brazil, Greece, India,
Pakistan, Taiwan, Singapore and many others.
22
Transport
The railway network of France, which as of 2008 stretches 29,473
kilometres (18,314 mi)[195] is the second most extensive in Western Europe
after the German one.[196] It is operated by the SNCF, and high-speed trains
include the Thalys, the Eurostar and TGV, which travels at 320 km/h (199
mph) in commercial use.[197][198] The Eurostar, along with the Eurotunnel
Shuttle, connects with the United Kingdom through the Channel Tunnel. Rail
connections exist to all other neighboring countries in Europe, except
Andorra. Intra-urban connections are also well developed with both
underground services and tramway services complementing bus services.
There are approximately 1,027,183 kilometers (638,262 mi) of serviceable
roadway in France, ranking it the most extensive network of the European
continent
There are 475 airports in France.[70] Paris-Charles de Gaulle Airport
located in the vicinity of Paris is the largest and busiest airport in the country,
handling the vast majority of popular and commercial traffic and connecting
Paris with virtually all major cities across the world. Air France is the national
carrier airline, although numerous private airline companies provide domestic
and international travel services. There are ten major ports in France, the
largest of which is in Marseille,[203] which also is the largest bordering the
Mediterranean Sea.[204][205] 12,261 kilometers (7,619 mi) of waterways
traverse France including the Canal du Midi which connects the
Mediterranean Sea to the Atlantic Ocean through the Garonne rive
Fashion
Fashion has been an important industry and cultural export of France
since the 17th century, and modern "haute couture" originated in Paris in the
1860s. Today, Paris, along with London, Milan, and New York City, is
considered one of the world's fashion capitals, and the city is home or
headquarters to many of the premier fashion houses. The expression Haute
23
couture is, in France, a legally protected name, guaranteeing certain quality
standards.
The association of France with fashion and style (French: la mode) dates
largely to the reign of Louis XIV[320] when the luxury goods industries in
France came increasingly under royal control and the French royal court
became, arguably, the arbiter of taste and style in Europe. But France
renewed its dominance of the high fashion (French: couture or haute couture)
industry in the years 1860–1960 through the establishing of the great
couturier houses such as Chanel, Dior, and Givenchy.
In the 1960s, the elitist "Haute couture" came under criticism from France's
youth culture. In 1966, the designer Yves Saint Laurent broke with established
Haute Couture norms by launching a prêt-à-porter ("ready to wear") line and
expanding French fashion into mass manufacturing. With a greater focus on
marketing and manufacturing, new trends were established by Sonia Rykiel,
Thierry Mugler, Claude Montana, Jean-Paul Gaultier and Christian Lacroix in
the 1970s and 1980s. The 1990s saw a conglomeration of many French
couture houses under luxury giants and multinationals such as LVMH.
24
Overviews of Business and Trade at International Level
France has business and trade with all major countries including India, USA,
and United Kingdom
Etc. and still trying to expand its businesses
25
Present Trade Relations and business volume of different Products with India/Gujarat
Indo French Trade & Investment France is the 5th largest economy of
the world and an important member of the G-8. Its technological strengths
make it the leader in sectors such as aviation, space, food processing,
transport, railways and agricultural research. However, France‟s business
interaction with India is not commensurate with its intrinsic economic capacity.
France is ranked 5th in the list of India‟s trading partners among EU countries
(after the Germany, UK, Belgium, and Netherlands). While economic and
commercial relations continued to remain below potential, the bilateral trade
increased to Euro 7.03 bn in 2010, an increase of 31% over 2009. During
President Sarkozy's visit to India, in December 2010, the goal of doubling
bilateral trade over the period 2008-2012 was reiterated by the two leaders.
Major items of French exports comprise electrical equipment, aeronautical
& space construction products, measuring & control equipment‟s, iron & steel
products, equipment for emission and transmission of sound & image,
mechanical equipments, organic and other chemical products, general &
special usage machines, equipment for reception & recording of sound &
image, machine tools, engines and turbines etc.
Indian exports comprise a range of goods and services from the small and
medium sector. Refined petroleum products, garments, textiles and apparel,
accessories, leather clothes & footwear etc. constitute a major share of India's
exports to France. Imports of refined petroleum products, auto equipment, fish
and fish products and gems & jewelry and organic chemicals have been
increasing.
Investment: France is the 9th largest foreign investor in India. [Investment
was of the order of US $ 2.78 bn during the period April 2000 – April 2011
which represents 2% of total inflows]. The number of technical and financial
collaborations approved with France is 952. During the year 2010, there was
a substantial development of cross-3 investments between the two countries
with investments by French companies in the car industry, building materials,
26
electrical equipment, public water utilities and rail transport. Indian companies
also expanded their presences in France with investments in IT,
pharmaceuticals, metallurgy etc. Cumulative French investment in India at the
end of 2010 is estimated at Euro 2.75 billion while the Indian investment in
France is estimated at around $1 billion. Indian companies have created or
maintained more than 8000 jobs in France. However, French firms have in
2010 recorded intent of investing Euro 10 billion in the next couple
Civilian Nuclear Energy Cooperation: A landmark Agreement on
Civil Nuclear Cooperation between India and France was signed during the
visit to France of PM Dr. Manmohan during President Sarkozy's visit to India
in December 2010, a General Framework Agreement and an Early Works
Agreement were signed between NPCIL and AREVA.
Civilian Space Cooperation: France and India view each other as
important partners in space technology and applications. Indian Space
Research Organization (ISRO) and its French counterpart Centre National de
Etudes Spatiales (CNES) have a rich legacy of cooperation and collaboration
spanning about four decades. ISRO and CNES hold annual bilateral
meetings. The last meeting was held in Bangalore in July 2010. Scientific
community of these two nations cooperates in joint radiation experiment,
space components development and space education. French Parliamentary
Group on Space (GPE) visited ISRO Headquarters on March31, 2011 and
interacted with ISRO community to understand Indian Space programme and
its linkage with the parliament and general public.
Defense Cooperation: Defense cooperation with France is a key aspect
of our overall bilateral relationship. The High Level Committee on Defense
Cooperation held its 13th session in Paris on 18-19 November 2010 and
reviewed bilateral ties covering strategic perceptions, collaboration in R&D
and procurement issue Indo-French Air Force Exercise Garuda IV was held at
Istres air base in France from 14 - 25 June 2010 with participation of SU MKI
aircraft from India. Indo - French Naval Exercise, Varuna was held in the
Indian Ocean from 07 – 14 January 2011.
27
PESTEL analysis of France
France is 5th worldwide in GDP, with almost $3 trillion, and 3rd (why?) in
military expenditure with $61.6 billion, and 22nd in population, with 61 million.
France is the best-positioned of all the countries we will look at here to
deal with the economic crisis facing the world. Their ingrained habit of
dirigisme will bail out their industry, their nuclear power plants will protect
them from energy shortages, while giving them all the street cred they need
for global action against greenhouse gases. They have a beautiful geographic
location, brilliant public transportation, excellent education and one of the few
growing populations in Europe, thanks to generous subsidies for mothers.
France has just rejoined NATO, which should help them militarily and
may give them cover to reduce defense spending. Their foreign policy is
essentially to work behind the scenes maintaining covert control of the
DomToms, their former colonies. Suspicions abound that they were heavily
involved in the recent coup in Madagascar, as only the latest example. But
they are pretty ham- handed about it all, and what would in a more congenial
climate be a source of international
Nicolas Sarkozy is fortunate in his choice of enemies, as the left has
formed a circular firing squad. There has been some high level corruption in
France, and continued disclosure may prove embarrassing for the
government, although not for Sarkozy. Embarrassment for him tends to be
purely personal, as the hot rabbit has ex-lovers all over the place and word
gets around.
28
REFERANCE/BIBLIOGRAPHY
CIA The World Factbook France
https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/fr.html
FRANCE DIPLOMATIC
http://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/en/
29
Introduction of Saint-Gobain:
Background
Doing business and setting up green-field operations in India is a lot less difficult
than
is perceived, with a few twists. Often, these twists are due to lack of preparation
and anticipation. This was the basic premise on which, Saint Gobain Glass
began its Indian
operations and,the success the company has achieved bears testimony to the
correctness of
its basic operating philosophy.
Saint-Gobain is a 338 year old France based global conglomerate operating in
46 countries and with total revenues of over US$ 33.5 billion in 2003. The group
has businesses in 3 sectors, spread across9 divisions ,as given below:
30
The group entered India in 1996 by acquiring a majority stake in Grindwell
Norton. Since then, it has consolidated and strengthened its presence and
today has 4 of its divisions operating in India through 6 companies. The
units include Saint Gobain Glass Ltd, Grindwell Norton Ltd, Saint-Gobain
Sekurit India Ltd, Saint-Gobain Vetrotex India Ltd, Saint-Gobain C r y s t a
l s a n d D e t e c t o r s I n d i a L t d a n d S E P R Refractories
India
31
Saint-Gobain Glass India Ltd. is Saint-Gobain‟s largest greenfield venture
in India. Located at Sriperumbudur near Chennai, this plant manufactures
float glass for mirrors, architectural, automotive segments and other
applications (solar panels, photo framing etc). The group‟s net turnover
has seen a steady increase over the years, and stood at nearly US$ 155
million in FY 2003. Glass accounted for the majority (49 per cent) of sales,
abrasives 24 per cent, ceramics and plastics 15 per cent and
reinforcements 12 per cent.
Challenges and success factors:
Saint-Gobain Glass has grown rapidly in India, to become a dominant
player in float glass within a short time. In the process of becoming a
leader, Saint Gobain has faced several challenges. Since a float glass
facility requires high quality infrastructure, many statutory clearances were
to be obtained, support needed from central, state and local
governments and customs/import procedures to be mastered. Supplier
maturity was not up to its expectations. Indian technicians had not been
exposed to the state-of-the-art technology that was going to be employed.
When it set up its plant, Saint Gobain
was not a known brand in the country. Saint Gobain leveraged the
following success factors to overcome these challenges.
Future plans
Saint-Gobain established a „General Delegation‟ (country management
office) in Mumbai in 1996, to cover India, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh.
Growth through
32
Geographical expansion is an important strategy for Saint-Gobain and it is
committed to investing in India and to establishing a leadership position in
all its businesses here. Saint Gobain Glass India is expanding its
Sriperumbudur site into an Integrated Glass
Complex, consisting of two floatlines, mirror, advanced architectural
process, automotive laminated and toughening glass facilities at a
cumulative investment
of over US$ 270 million.
33
Structure of Saint-Gobain
Management team
Pierre-André de CHALENDAR
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
Biography Born in April 1958, a graduate of the ESSEC Business School who
also studied at the National Administration School (ENA) and has had
experience as a Financial Inspector. He was then deputy to the Director
General for energy and raw materials in the French Ministry for Industry.
Pierre-André de CHALENDAR joined the Compagnie de Saint-Gobain on
1989 as Vice-President, Corporate Planning. Vice-President of the Abrasives
Division in Europe between 1992 and 1996, President of the worldwide
Abrasives Division from 1996 to 2000, he then moved on to become the
General Delegate for the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland from 2000
to 2002. In 2003, Pierre-André de CHALENDAR was appointed Senior Vice-
President of Compagnie de Saint-Gobain in charge of the Building Distribution
Sector.
34
Appointed CEO of Compagnie de Saint-Gobain in May 2005, elected to the
board in June 2006, he has been Company CEO since June 2007 and is
Chairman of the board and CEO Officer since June 2010.
Pierre-André de CHALENDAR is also Director of the board of Veolia
Environment
Benoît BAZIN Senior Vice-President
President, Building Distribution Sector
Jean-Claude BREFFORT
Senior Vice-President in charge of International Development
Gilles COLAS
Senior Vice-President in charge of Strategic Developments
35
Jérôme FESSARD Senior Vice-President
President, Packaging Sector
Jean-Pierre FLORIS
Senior Vice-President President, Innovative Materials Sector
(Flat Glass and High-Performance Materials)
Laurent GUILLOT
Chief Financial Officer
36
Claude IMAUVEN
Senior Vice-President President, Construction Products Sector
Claire PEDINI
Senior Vice President in charge of Human Resources
Jean-François PHELIZON Senior Vice-President
Director, Audit and Internal Control
Antoine VIGNIAL
Corporate Secretary
37
Functions and Business
Activities of Saint-Gobain
RESPECT FOR THE ENVIRONMENT IS A KEY PRINCIPLE
DRIVING OUR ACTION:
Saint-Gobain‟s manufacturing processes involve relatively little technological risk,
As they mostly use mineral raw materials and very few environmentally hazardous
Substances. The main concern for Saint-Gobain, as for many other manufacturers,
Is carbon dioxide (CO) emissions. The Group has set ambitious targets for CO22
Emissions at sites with a significant environmental impact. It has accelerated its
ISO 14001 certification process to obtain accreditation for more than 80% of these sites.
In 2008, 46% were already certified. These sites are also being called on to reduce their CO
Emissions, landfilled waste and water withdrawals by 6% between 2007 and 2010.2008 the Group had
already cut its CO
emissions by 2% and water withdrawals by 4%.
38
Distribution of employees by countries
European or world leader in each one of its activities
39
Construction Products cover Insulation, Gypsum, Exterior Products, Pipe
and Industrial Mortars. Their complementary nature makes it possible to meet
the needs of every part of the construction sector, for both new buildings and
renovation work.
Discover the Construction Products Sector
Innovative Materials cover Flat Glass (flat glass manufacturing,
transformation and distribution of glass for the building sector, automotive
glazing and specialties) as well as High-Performance Materials, consisting of
Ceramics & Plastics, Abrasives and Textile Solutions activities, with
applications applied in the housing, energy and environmental fields.
Discover the Innovative Materials sector
Building Distribution, made up of POINT.P and Lapeyre, acquired in 1996,
makes Saint-Gobain the leading distributor for construction materials in
Europe and the world's largest distributor of tiling. This distribution network of
materials, with more than 4,000 outlets, stands out for the training in today's
building standards it gives to tradesmen.
Discover the Building Distribution Sector
Packaging, the world‟s second-ranking producer of glass containers, makes
bottles and jars for foodstuffs and beverages.
40
Shareholders
Ownership structure at December 31, 2011
Quotations:
CAC40
Euro Stoxx 50
FTSE4Good
Euronext FAS IAS
Global Dow Index
Market capitalization (at December 31, 2010): 20,436 million euros
18th French market capitalization
41
International presence
Sales by geographic area of production
All of the Group‟s major geographic areas delivered robust organic growth for
the whole of 2011. Profitability improved across all areas except North
America, squeezed in the first half by the hike in raw material and energy
costs which was not fully offset by sales price increases.
42
43
Europe
44
Emerging countries & Asia
45
Function and business Activities of Saint-Gobain
Glass is a truly unique material, bringing light and comfort to the home. It is an
essential element to the design and functionality of any building.
Be it thermal insulation, noise reduction, solar control, low-maintenance,
security or simply appearance – Saint-Gobain Glass has a glass solution to
satisfy every need.
{{BR}}
46
47
Security (protection against burglary or vandalism)
Safety glass (extra-strength and safe breaking)
48
Comparative Position of Saint-Gobain
49
Present position Saint-Gobain
FLAT GLASS
• No. 1 IN EUROPE
• No. 2 WORLDWIDE
• Operations in 40 countries
• Over 33,500 employees
The Flat Glass Division manufactures processes and sells glass
products for three main markets: the building, transportation and
solar industries.
HIGH-PERFORMANCE
MATERIALS
• No. 1 WORLDWIDE
• Operations in 41 countries
• No. 2 WORLDWIDE
Bottles and jars
OPERATIONS in 13 countries
• Nearly 15,000 employees
50
Verallia manufactures glass containers for the food industry.
• Nearly 27,600 employees
The High-Performance Materials Division deploys an innovative technology
portfolio comprising three main types of materials: mineral ceramics, polymers
and glass fabrics.
(in € millions) 2011 2010
NET SALES 40,119 37,786
Operating income 3,117 2,216
Net income 1,213 241
Recurring net income (1) 1,335 617
Recurring earnings per share (in €) (1) (2) 2.51 1.20
Net income attributable
to equity holders of the parent 1,129 202
Earnings per share (in €) (2) 2.13 0.39
Total investments (3) 1,580 1,453
Equity (including minority interests) 18,232 16,214
Net debt 7,168 8,554
Non-current assets 28,933 28,149
Working capital 3,188 2,952
51
52
OPERATIONS IN 64 COUNTRIES
ALGERIA INDONESIA SAUDI ARABIA ARGENTINA IRELAND SERBIA AUSTRALIA ITALY SINGAPORE
AUSTRIA JAPAN SLOVAKIA BELGIUM JORDAN SLOVENIA BHUTAN KUWAIT SOUTH AFRICA
BRAZIL LATVIA SOUTH KOREA BULGARIA LEBANON SPAIN CANADA LITHUANIA SWEDEN
CHILE LUXEMBOURG SWITZERLAND CHINA MALAYSIA SYRIA COLOMBIA MEXICO THAILAND
CZECH REPUBLIC MOROCCO TURKEY DENMARK NETHERLANDS UKRAINE
EGYPT NEW ZEALAND UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
ESTONIA NORWAY UNITED KINGDOM
FINLAND PERU UNITED STATES FRANCE POLAND VENEZUELA GERMANY PORTUGAL VIETNAM
GREECE QATAR ZIMBABWE HUNGARY ROMANIA INDIA RUSSIA
53
Manufacturing plant
Manufacturing Sites Nos Locations
Saint-Gobain Glass India Ltd. 2 Sriperumbudur (Chennai), Tada
(Andhra Pradesh)
Saint-Gobain Sekurit India Ltd. 3 Bhosari and Chakan (Near Pune),
Sriperumbudur (Chennai)
Grindwell Norton Ltd. 6 Mora (Near Mumbai), Bangalore,
Tirupati, Nagpur, Himachal Pradesh,
Bhutan (SGCMBPL)
Saint-Gobain Crystals & Detectors Ltd. 1 Bangalore
SEPR India Ltd. 1 Palakkad (Kerala)
Saint-Gobain Weber India Ltd. 1 Wada (Mumbai)
Saint-Gobain SEVA Engineering India Ltd. 1 Bangalore
Saint-Gobain Gyproc India 4 Wada (Mumbai), Jind (Haryana),
Ussainanagaram (near Chennai),
Bangalore
Saint-Gobain Grindwell Norton 1 Gujarat
Total Manufacturing Sites 20
54
Flat Glass Saint-Gobain is a dominant global player in the Glass sector. The flat glass
business provides a variety of solutions across architectural and automotive
segments. At the very heart of the Flat Glass Division, Saint-Gobain Glass
specialises in float glass manufacture and magnetron coated glass. We have
established two companies in India to manufacture and market our glass.
These are Saint-Gobain Glass India Ltd. and Saint-Gobain Sekurit India Ltd.
55
High-Performance Materials:
The High-Performance Materials Sector comprises the Refractory Ceramics,
Plastics and Abrasives businesses. The Sector developed out of the Norton
group, which was acquired by Saint-Gobain in 1990. These materials offer a
wide value-added product range who‟s characteristics include resistance to
extreme environments (thermal, mechanical and chemical) and
multifunctionality. Innovation is at the heart of the development and the growth
of the Sector.
The product from these businesses are offered in India through Grindwell
Norton, SEPR India and Saint-Gobain Crystals & Detectors Ltd.
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Ceramics:
Grindwell Norton‟s Ceramic can be found in formula one racing cars, car
windshield, TV screen and bottles
57
Performance Plastics:
Grindwell Norton‟s Performance Plastics are used in Formula One racing cars
and can also handle a wide variety of fluids in laboratories and hospitals.
WEAR-RESISTANT FUSED CAST MATERIALS
Pure oxides like Alumina, Silica & Zirconia is fused in an electric arc furnace
and made into tiles, pipes and bends. Products are used for “wear resistance
purposes” in Mining, Mineral Processing, Power generation, Petro-chemicals
and Iron & Steel industries.
58
SINTERED REFRACTORIES
Pure oxides like Alumina, Mullite, Zirconia Mullite is mixed and pressed / vibro
cast into the desired shapes / sizes are fired to high temperature to achieved
the required properties. “Products are manufactured by High temperature
firing process (Sintering)”
MONOLITHICS
Unshaped products (Castables / ramming mass / mortars) are manufactured
from Fusion Cast Grains which have very high corrosion resistance and
physico-chemical stability. It‟s special refractory cement mix which gives a
monolithic lining.
59
60
Policies and Norms of India for Import or Export to France
GENERAL PROVISIONS REGARDING IMPORTS AND
EXPORTS
Exports and Imports.
Exports and Imports shall be free, except where regulated
Free unless regulated by FTP or any other law in force. The item wise export and
import policy shall be, as specified in ITC (HS) notified
By DGFT, as amended from time to time.
Import of rough diamond from Cote d‟Ivoire shall be prohibited in compliance to
Paragraph 6 of UN Security Council Resolution (UNSCR)
The import/export of rough diamond from / to Venezuela shall be
prohibited
in view of voluntary separation of Venezuela from the Kimberley Process
Certification Scheme (KPCS).No
Kimberley Process Certificate shall be accepted/ endorsed/ issued for import and
export of rough diamonds from / to Venezuela.
Direct or indirect export and import of following items, whether or not originating
in Democratic People‟s Republic of Korea (DPRK), to / from, DPRK is prohibited:
All items, materials equipment, goods and technology including as set out in
Lists in documents (United Nations Security Council Documents) which could
contribute to DPRK‟snuclear-related, ballistic missile-related or other weapons of
mass destruction-related programmes.
61
Direct or indirect export and import of all items, materials, equipment, goods
and technology which could contribute to Iran‟s enrichment-related, reprocessing
or heavy water related activities, or to development of nuclear weapon delivery
systems, as mentioned below, whether or not originating in Iran, to / from Iran
is prohibited:
i) items, listed in INFCIRC/254/Rev8/Part I in document S/2006/814, in
Sections B.2 to B.7 as well as A.I and B.I except supply, sale or transfer of
equipment covered by B.I when such equipment is for light water reactors and
low-enriched uranium covered by A.1.2 when it is incorporated in assembled
nuclear fuel elements for such reactors;
ii) items listed in S/2006/815 except supply sale or
iii) Transfer of items covered by 19.A.3 of Category II.
iv) Above-mentioned UN Security Council documents are
v) Accessible from DGFT web site.
Compliance with Laws
Every exporter or importer shall comply with the provisions of FT (D&R) Act, the
Rules and Orders made there-under, FTP and terms and conditions of any Authorization
granted to him. All imported goods shall also be subject to domestic Laws, Rules,
Orders, Regulations, technical specifications, environmental and safety norms as
applicable to domestically produced goods. No import or export of rough diamonds shall
be permitted unless accompanied by Kimberley Process (KP) Certificate as specified by
Gem & Jewellery EPC (GJEPC).
Interpretation of Policy
If any question or doubt arises in respect of interpretation
of any provision contained in FTP, or classification of any item
in ITC (HS) or HBP-v1 or HBP-v2, or Schedule of DEPB Rates
said question or doubt shall be referred to DGFT whose decision
thereon shall be Finland binding.
62
Policies and Norms of France for Import or Export to India
Free Import when travelling within EU
Although there are no limits on the amount of alcohol and tobacco one can
bring in from EU countries, customs officials are more likely to ask you
questions if you have more than:
Tobacco products:
- 800 cigarettes;
- 400 cigarillos (max. 3g each);
- 200 cigars;
- 1kg smoking tobacco;
Alcoholic beverages:
- 10 litres of spirits over 22%;
- 20 litres of alcoholic beverages less than 22%;
- 90 litres of wine (though no more than 60 litres of sparkling wine);
- 110 litres of beer.
These quantities can be seized if customs are satisfied that they are of a
commercial nature.
Free Import quantities when travelling from outside EU
Alcohol and alcoholic beverages
Over 17 years olds can bring (in personal luggage) the following quantities:
• 1 litre of alcohol that does not exceed 22% volume of alcohol, or un-
denatured ethyl alcohol 80% volume and over
• 2 litres of alcohol that does not exceeds 22% volume of alcohol
63
• 4 litres of still wine
• 16 litres of beer.
The passengers can combine the first two types of alcohol as long the alcohol
volume does not exceed 100%.
Over 17 years old that belong to the following categories:
• persons residing in the frontier zone (region beyond the expanding borders
of the European Union including: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia,
Macedonia, Serbia and Montenegro)
• frontier-zone workers,
• the crews of means of transport used between third countries and the
Community,
may bring (in your personal luggage) alcohol in the following quantities:
• 0,5 litre of alcohol exceeding 22% volume, or un-denatured ethyl alcohol of
80% volume and over
• a total of 0,5 litre of alcohol and alcoholic beverages of an alcoholic strength
not exceeding 22% volume
• 0,5 litre of still wine
• 2 litres of beer.
The passengers can combine the first two types of alcohol as long the alcohol
volume does not exceed 100%.
Note that the consideration of what constitutes frontier countries lies entirely
with EU and the list outlined above may change.
Tobacco products
When travelling by air or sea , over 17 years old can bring tobacco products
for personal use only the following:
• 200 cigarettes or
• 100 cigarillos or
• 50 cigars or
• 250 g of smoking tobacco.
Each amount specified in above points will amount to 100% of the total
allowance for tobacco products.
64
When travelling by land, over 17 years old can bring tobacco products for
personal use only the following:
• 40 cigarettes or
• 20 cigarillos or
• 10 cigars or
• 50 grams of smoking tobacco.
Each amount specified in all the points will amount to 100% of the total
allowance for tobacco products.
Other goods
• Medication – for personal use only
• Personal items of non-commercial nature worth up to 430 euro when
travelling by air or sea
• Personal items of non-commercial nature worth up to 300 euro when
travelling by land
• Personal items of non-commercial nature worth up to 150 euro for travellers
under 15 years of age.
Non-commercial item are of an occasional nature and consist exclusively of
goods for the personal or family use of the traveller, or of goods intended as
presents. The nature and quantity of the goods must not be such as to
indicate that they are being imported for commercial reasons.
Prohibited
• Meat and milk and any items thereof from non-EU countries with the
exception of limited amounts from Andorra, Croatia, the Faeroe Islands,
Greenland, Iceland and small amounts of specific products from other
countries
• Protected species and products thereof as listed by the CITES (Washington
Convention) for example ivory, tortoise shell, coral, reptile skin, wood from
Amazonian forests.
65
Restricted
• pets need to be identifiable (tattoo or an electronic identification system),
vaccinated against rabies and have a health certificate. For more information
please refer to the nearest embassy.
• maximum of 10 kg of meat, milk and dairy products coming from Croatia,
Færøer Islands, Greenland and Iceland
• powdered milk for babies, food for children and special medical food
(including pets food) may be allowed if they need not to be refrigerated prior
opening and that it is brand packaged food and the packaging has original
seal (unless in use at the time) and its quantity must not exceed the weight of
10 kg originating from Croatia, Færøer Islands, Greenland and Iceland, and of
2 kg if originating in other countries.
• fish only if it is disemboweled and does not exceed the weight of 20 kg,
• Currency - no restrictions if coming from EU country. Declarable for all
travelling outside EU when the amount exceeds 10.000 euro or equivalent in
another currency.
• Coats, fur and leather shoes made of protected animals will need special
authorization
66
Present Trade barriers for import /
Export of ONESuit®
ONESuit® Pro Hazmat Suit Achieves Maritime Certification
Rochdale, UK (November 2011) - Saint-Gobain Performance Plastics‟
ONESuit® Pro totally encapsulating gas-tight suit has now gained SOLAS
Type II-2 certification per the requirements of International Maritime
Organization (IMO). This certification confirms that the suits offer the highest
level of protection against liquid and airborne chemicals for personnel working
within the shipping and naval sector. Maritime personnel, such as emergency
teams, coastguards, port authorities and maintenance organizations, working
with hazardous chemical or biological materials can now benefit from a
hazmat suit engineered for robustness, comfort and durability, and maximum
protection against more than 100 chemicals both on land and at sea.
67
The Saint-Gobain Performance Plastics‟ ONESuit® Pro is lightweight and
versatile, designed to safeguard against the permeation of chemical and
biological substances in both liquid and vapour form. The ONESuit® Pro is
already EN 943-2 certified as well as being approved per NFPA 1991 and
thus meets the standards required for the highest level of chemical and
biological protection within the EU, USA and Asia.
“A great variety and quantity of hazardous chemicals are transported at sea.
Personnel working with chemicals or responding to maritime incidents need to
be fully prepared against any potential chemical and biological risks”, said Ian
Hutcheson, Market Manager, Saint-Gobain Performance Plastics. “The
ONESuit® Pro not only provides this protection but also offers exceptional
comfort and enhanced mobility to maritime personnel performing in hazardous
and uncertain situations”.
Saint-Gobain‟s ONESuit® Pro is engineered using the Coretech® barrier
membrane technology. The material has been tested against harsh physical
and climatic conditions to ensure that it maintains its high resilience, durability
and flexibility performance levels and suffers no significant degradation.
Additionally, the flexibility of the ONESuit® Pro suit material allows for easy
storage in vessels or maritime transport vehicles that are space-constrained.
The ONESuit® Pro also has a long shelf life of up to ten years, offering a
lower life cycle cost to maritime emergency and maintenance organizations.
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Potential for Import /Export in India/Gujarat market
French investments in India during the last 15 years have brought US$ 1.76
billion into-Indian market. The India France trade relations facilitated business
to the tune of US$ 6.2 billion during 2005-06. A number of French companies
have ventured into the Indian market as an outcome of better India France
trade relations. The sectors that have attracted the most FDI from France are:
Electrical Equipments
Services Sector
Telecommunications
Transportation Industry
Fuels
Chemicals
Food Processing Industries
Cement
Glass
Further, scope of investment and development of trade and business among
India and France lies in areas like:
Small & Medium Enterprises
Manufacturing
Information technology
Pharmaceuticals
Environment
Aeronautics
Life sciences
69
India France trade relations further aim at forging ties for the development of
the Agribusiness and Food-processing Sector. The Indian Food-processing
Sector produces around 50 million tons of fruits and 90 million tons of
vegetables. But inadequate food processing infrastructure in India could only
process 6% of the perishable products available in India. The Indian
Agribusiness and Food Processing Sector aims to increase the percentage of
processed food available in India to 20% over the next 10 years. A huge
future demand for processed food is expected with changing socio-economic
situations. The government of India's Mid-day Meal Program for primary
school children is another prospective area of Agri and Food-processing
Industry. The Processed Food Sector in India offers tremendous scope in
organized street food business. Moreover, India France trade
relations envisage investment in the Environment sector as well. France's
expertise in this sector is well acclaimed throughout the world, especially its
success in implementing Clean Development Mechanism projects according
to the Kyoto Protocol for reducing emission levels of greenhouse gases.
India France trade Relations is also keen to focus on other areas for the
development of trade and business, like
Business travelers
Professionals
Student
Tourism
Easing visa norms
Agreement of French Agricultural Ministry and Indian Export Inspection
Council (EIC) for export of Indian fisheries and agricultural products
Development of SMEs in India
Investment in Financial and Retail Market in India
Promotion of Indian whiskey amongst the European countries
70
Business Opportunities In Future
At the invitation of the Prime Minister of India, the President of the French
Republic paid a working visit to India from 4 to 7 December, 2010. Mr.
Nicolas Sarkozy and Dr. Manmohan Singh had detailed and useful
discussions on bilateral, regional and international issues of mutual interest.
Reaffirming their shared vision and values inspired by multilateralism, justice,
freedom, equality and fraternity, France and India reiterated their
determination and confirmed their commitment to work together
towards peace and global security.
As the Strategic Partnership between France and India enters its 12th year,
the French President and the Prime Minister of India, recognizing India‟s
growing role on the international stage, have shown their determination to
give a new impetus to the Indo-French Strategic Partnership.
1. Global and regional challenges
France and India would like to work together to make the G20 as effective as
possible and help it find its place within an international system that will better
reflect today‟s world and challenges.
Monetary instability, major macroeconomic imbalances, volatility of the
price of commodities including agricultural food products, development gap
especially infrastructure and lack of food security are tangible threats which
our two countries refuse to ignore. The G20 has become and must remain the
premier forum for international economic cooperation with a view to laying
new foundations for strong, sustainable and balanced growth and the
international economic system. In respect of multilateral trade, the two
countries are looking forward to the ambitious, comprehensive and balanced
conclusion of the Doha Development Round of Negotiations in 2011.
India and France reiterated the need for in-depth reform of the United Nations,
including of its Security Council, to make it more representative of today‟s
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world. France reaffirmed its support for India to become a permanent member
of an expanded Security Council without further delay.
With the French Presidency of the G20 which has just started, India‟s dual
participation in the G20 and the Security Council for the 2010/2011 timeframe
present an historic opportunity to step up joint work in these two bodies. Both
countries will look to all members and groupings, including G20, to make clear
support for reform of the Security Council.
France and India reaffirm their wish to continue and expand their dialogue and
concrete cooperation in multilateral bodies, especially in UNSC during the
2011-2012 biennum, so as to address threats such as regional crises,
terrorism, climate change and proliferation of weapons of mass destruction
and their delivery systems, as well as to promote arms control and global
disarmament.
International Terrorism is a common threat that needs to be countered jointly.
Today, it has become one of the core issues in our bilateral strategic
cooperation. International cross-border terrorism needs to be addressed at
the global multilateral level by supporting initiatives in the framework of the
United Nations such as the draft Comprehensive Convention on International
Terrorism. We need to work together in international bodies like the FATF to
counter financing of terrorism and money laundering.
France and India reaffirm their determination to work for peace, democracy
and development in Afghanistan. The French President and the Indian Prime
Minister welcome their countries‟ contribution and efforts towards the
reconstruction and security of Afghanistan. The two countries underline the
need for adequate development of the Afghan National Security Forces to
enable Afghanistan to defend its sovereignty and independence.
They expressed concern at the continuing existence of safe havens and
sanctuaries for terrorist groups beyond Afghanistan‟s borders and resurgence
of terrorist groups. They agree that terrorism must be combated firmly by the
international community. The two countries call on the neighbors of
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Afghanistan to play a constructive role conducive to the country‟s stabilization
and development in its regional environment.
India and France have pledged to enhance cooperation at bilateral and global
level to effectively address climate change. The two countries have decided to
pursue this objective by working to achieve ambitious outcomes in Cancun in
the form of balanced operational decisions on mandated issues in accordance
with the Bali Road Map. France and India have also reaffirmed their
determination to continue to work in the framework of the bilateral working
group on environment established in 2008 which is to convene in Paris in the
first quarter of 2011.
Recognizing India‟s non-proliferation record as well as its willingness to
further contribute to global non-proliferation efforts and with a view to
enhancing the international non-proliferation regime, France favors and will
jointly work with India towards India‟s increased participation with international
nonproliferation initiatives and full membership of multilateral export control
regimes NSG, MTCR, AG, WA in a manner consistent with procedures and
objectives of these groups.
In the context of their shared commitment to universal and general
disarmament and to the reinforcement of the non-proliferation regime, India
and France affirm the need for a meaningful dialogue among all states
possessing nuclear weapons, in particular those holding the largest arsenals,
to build trust and confidence and promote international stability, peace
and security. They support international cooperative efforts to reduce the risk
of terrorists acquiring nuclear weapons or material. The two countries reiterate
their support to starting immediate negotiations in the Conference of
Disarmament for a multilateral treaty banning the production of fissile material
for use in nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive devices.
France and India reaffirmed their commitment to diplomacy to resolve the
Iranian nuclear issue, and discussed the need for Iran to take constructive
and immediate steps to meet its obligations to the IAEA and the UN Security
Council.
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India and France also expressed concern about the situation in the Korean
peninsula and urged DPRK to comply with UNSC and IAEA BoG resolutions.
France and India will continue to support the development of relations
between the EU and India more so when India and EU are enhancing
cooperation as reflected in the deepening of the strategic relationship as well
as the entry of the Lisbon Treaty into Force. The two countries welcome the
holding of the EU-India Summit on 10 December 2010 in Brussels and call for
renewed efforts to achieve the mutually beneficial conclusion of the EU-India
Broad-based Trade and Investment Agreement.
2. Indo-French Strategic Partnership
Civil nuclear energy
The two States welcome the entry into force on 14 January 2010 of the India-
France Cooperation Agreement on the Development of Peaceful Uses of
Nuclear Energy and the signing of Agreements on the protection of
Confidentiality of Technical data and information relating to cooperation in the
peaceful uses of nuclear energy, and concerning intellectual property
rights on the development of the peaceful uses of nuclear energy which
supplement it.
Noting the innovative, broad-based and dynamic nature of their partnership in
the field of civil nuclear energy cooperation, France and India welcome the
progress towards further strengthening cooperation between the two countries
including in research and development and in setting up joint nuclear power
projects. In this context the signing of the General Framework Agreement
between NPCIL and AREVA represents a significant milestone.
Following India‟s enactment of civil nuclear liability legislation, both countries
stand ready to further exchange views on this issue so as to ensure the
appropriate framework for the sound development of their cooperation.
The "Commissariat à l‟Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives – CEA"
for France and the "Department of Atomic Energy – DAE" for India have
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concluded on December 6 a Cooperation Agreement in the field of Nuclear
Science and Technology for peaceful Uses of Nuclear Energy with the aim to
establish a general framework to enhance their collaboration and signed a
specific implementing agreement in the field of education and research.
The CEA expressed its interest in cooperating with India‟s Global Centre for
Nuclear Energy Partnership (GCNEP), as a means to contributing to
multilateral cooperative efforts to promote peaceful uses of nuclear energy.
The fight against terrorism
Terrorism strikes not only the people and the interests of our two countries but
also imperils peace and stability of our respective regions and the world. We
reaffirm our irrevocable condemnation of this scourge in all its forms and our
will to intensify our cooperation to counter it.
Since our Joint Statement of 25 January 2008, we have aimed at intensifying
bilateral consultations and exchanges with the objective of better assessing
these threats and sharing relevant information. Today, we have decided to
make this cooperation a priority of the Indo-French security relationship.
With the tragic losses suffered in the November 2008 terrorist attacks in
Mumbai particularly in mind, we call for the active prosecution of the authors
of such crimes and their accomplices, and urge that they be brought to justice
expeditiously.
In our common fight against terrorism, we will continue to enhance our
operational cooperation as far as possible and will seek to ensure that the
widest possible measure of mutual legal assistance is rendered, and that
extradition requests are processed expeditiously.
Our two governments will coordinate their endeavors in international bodies
such as the Financial Action Task Force in order to define common positions
and promote concrete initiatives.
In the pursuance of our efforts to strengthen the international legal framework
against terrorism, we resolve to intensify our efforts to urgently conclude the
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Comprehensive Convention on International Terrorism at the United Nations.
France and India call on all countries to become part, as a matter of urgency,
of all international counter-terrorism conventions.
Both sides reiterated the importance of adhering to sanctions regime against
Al Qaeda and Taliban as established by UNSCR 1267 and subsequent
Resolutions and the need to preserve its credibility.Security and defense
France and India reaffirm their common interest in continuing to strengthen
their defense relationship, which is an important pillar of their Strategic
Partnership and reflects their common determination to work for global peace
and security.
The two States agree to continue and intensify their cooperation on counter
piracy and maritime security. France and India recognize the need for an
intensified cooperation in combating piracy in the Gulf of Aden and other
areas.
The two states welcome the ongoing exercises between their Navies (Varuna)
and Air Forces (Garuda) and have confirmed their interest towards extension
of their cooperation through exercises between the two Armies.
The two States also welcome the on-going efforts and future prospects for
joint programmes in defense industry, which would include joint research and
development and transfer of technology. In this regard and as a first step, the
two States expect to launch soon the SRSAM and Kaveri program.
Discussions concerning the upgrading of Mirage 2000 aircraft are expected to
be finalized soon.
Space Cooperation
Acknowledging the essential nature of cooperation in the field of space, which
is a key sector for scientific cooperation between the two countries, India and
France intend to broaden the scope of their exchanges and further develop
their joint efforts in this field. In the spirit of the Framework Agreement signed
between Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) and French National
Space Agency (CNES) on a wide range of issues related to use of space for
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peaceful purposes, they applaud the Space establishments of both nations for
the progress made in developing the Megha-Tropiques and SARAL satellites,
due to be launched in 2011 timeframe.
The two governments reaffirm their determination to pursue space
cooperation in the fields of Earth Observation for climate change studies and
space exploration.
India and France also acknowledged the ascending trend of the industrial
cooperation over the years nurtured by space industries of both countries. In
this regard, they gladly welcome the recent breakthroughs made by Astrium
and Antrix Corporation in the joint development and marketing of
communications satellites, following their 2005 Agreement. They also
welcome continuing this promising collaboration in the coming years.
3. Bilateral cooperation
Development of economic and trade exchanges
France and India welcome the outstanding development of their bilateral
economic exchanges in recent years. The two countries welcome the
contracts signed in the latter part of 2010 for aircraft leasing, satellite
launching, biometric technology, energy and urban transportation.
Aware of the potential for the development of their bilateral exchanges and
investments, and confident about the opportunities afforded by the dynamism
of their economies – ranking among the leading global economies – the two
governments reiterate their objective of doubling their trade exchanges in a
balanced way despite the crisis, over the period 2008-2012.
Beyond that, the liberalization of exchanges provided for by the EU-India
Broad-based Trade and Investment Agreement, combined with ongoing
cooperation in the field of civil nuclear energy and the resumption of aviation
industry contracts, will further boost trade between the two countries.
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France and India welcome the significant development of cross-investments
between the two countries and large-scale investment by India-based French
companies in the car industry, building materials, electrical equipment, public
water utilities and rail transport. They also welcome prospects for Indian
investments in France.
They welcome the private sector's involvement in boosting bilateral trade and
call on the Indo-French CEOs Forum to continue to play a decisive role in
identifying new avenues for cooperation and facilitating the business climate
between the two countries.
Cooperation in the field of Agriculture and Food Processing
France and India recognize the strategic importance of the agricultural and
food processing sector in addressing the needs for affordable, healthy, high
quality and sustainable food products in both countries.
They express in particular their will to double and balance exchanges of
agricultural products as part of comprehensive cooperation including food
products logistics, the distribution sector and agrifood research.
The two sides expressed satisfaction at the on-going cooperation between the
two countries through the Indo-French Joint Working Group on Agriculture.
The areas identified for further cooperation include strengthening the post-
harvest management capacities (e.g. cold chains, storage...), wine/Vineyards,
research and training and exchange programmes, animal identification and
tracing and genetic improvement of dairy cattle breeds.
Cooperation in the field of sustainable development (town planning, transport,
housing)
Both parties expressed their commitment to the continuation of bilateral
exchanges in the field of standards, best practices and capacity building in
order to further enhance cooperation between Indian and French institutional
structures as well as business partnerships.
Cooperation in the field of human exchanges
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France and India, reiterating the importance they attach to encouraging
people to people contacts and human exchanges in accordance with the joint
declarations of 25 January 2008 and 30 September 2008, reaffirm their
determination to cooperate closely in the field of migration, with a view to
encourage legal and orderly migration of students, professionals and skilled
workers to each other‟s country, depending on opportunities available, to
assure the return to their country of illegal migrants who have been properly
identified as their nationals and to combat irregular migration.
Welcoming the preliminary talks held in New Delhi in November, 2009 and
which led to beginning of negotiations on a bilateral partnership agreement on
migrations under this comprehensive approach to migration, the two States
agreed to swiftly launch these negotiations between the two countries based
on a draft text submitted by France with a view to conclude them as soon as
possible.
University and scientific cooperation
The two States reaffirm their determination to pursue efforts in order to ensure
that human exchanges permeate and stimulate all areas of bilateral
cooperation, including in the fields of research, education and cultural
exchanges. They encouraged the trend of increasing number of Indian
students studying in France and French students studying in India. More than
200 framework agreements for promoting student mobility have been signed
by French and Indian higher education institutions. The five scholarship
programmes established under the "Quai d‟Orsay / Entreprises" scheme have
helped welcome 101 Indian students to the best schools and universities in
France since 2006. A total of almost 400 scholarships were awarded in 2009.
France and India call for an increase in bilateral student exchanges and
pledge to facilitate the academic stays of French students in India and Indian
students in France.
France and India support the launch of an ambitious cooperation at the Indian
Institute of Technology (IIT) Rajasthan, which is to allow a consortium of
French higher education institutions, to initiate a partnership and joint works
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on sustainable development and on green accounting project. This project will
ultimately make it possible to incorporate the environment into the daily
business of enterprises and to develop the territory and urban heritage
targeted by decentralized cooperation actions.
Recognizing the essential contribution of education and scientific research to
global prosperity and stability, they welcome the success of the Franco-Indian
Centre for Advanced Research (CEFIPRA) which has been steering closely
science and technology-related projects since 1986. They welcome the
ambitious initiatives envisaged to increase its outreach and develop its
partnerships. They further reiterate their common determination to strengthen
Indo-French cooperation in the field of innovation. They welcomed research
collaborations in the areas of solar thermal technology, ICT in health lab,
systems and designs for automobiles and aerospace, robotics and control
systems, art, culture and heritage restoration.
India and France recognize that with the 21st century being hailed as the
century of knowledge, alliances in the knowledge economy will be critical for
both countries, especially by leveraging Information and Communication
Technology. Based on their shared endeavour to strengthen democracy,
transparency and accountability, France and India wish to start an initiative on
Democratizing Information and Open Government as a way to use
Information and Communication Technology to modernize the relationship
between the State and the citizen.
The two governments welcome the action of the French Development Agency
(AFD) which contributes through concessional financing for supporting
projects in the field of renewable energies and energy efficiency, sustainable
forest management and biodiversity conservation. As a key instrument of our
cooperation in the field of sustainable development, the AFD‟s level of
intervention is to increase significantly over the next few years.
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Cultural exchanges
France and India welcome the holding of the cross cultural seasons Bonjour
India and Namaste France which meet the desire for understanding and
exchange on the part of the Indian and French peoples. They welcome the
launching of the news channel France 24 in India. They reaffirm their
determination that an Indian Cultural Centre should be established at 3
Avenue de Lowendal in Paris and intend to finalize the necessary
arrangements to that end.
The two governments welcome the signing of the film Co-Production
Agreement which is to inspire our future joint co-operation projects in the film
industry and will be viewed as an example in terms of co-production
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Conclusions and Suggestions
The Company Established in 1665, Saint-Gobain is currently a world leader
in the manufacture of construction materials and glass products.
Headquartered in Paris, with operations in 64 countries, the company is
made up of about 190,000 employees and boasts 84 different nationalities.
In 2009, the company reported international sales of $53 billion with 46
percent of those sales generated from renovation, 31 percent from new
construction, and the remaining 23 percent from other markets including
automotive and residential.
Saint-Gobain, a world leader in high-performance materials and glass
manufacturing, uses its rich history in energy efficiency and experiences
with DOE‟s Save Energy Now initiative to develop a generic approach for
any plant to effectively prepare for an Energy Savings Assessment.
Saint-Gobain Shows the Way on Effectively Preparing for Energy Savings
Assessments
Developed based on its successful experiences with ESAs, Saint-Gobain‟s
Suggestions can help plants of any type prepare effectively for ESAs.
Focusing on the Prepare phase will help relieve some of the anxiety that plant
managers and energy manager‟s deal with when it is time for an assessment,
as well as paying close attention to all items under this phase can help plants
to ensure a successful
And productive ESA. A successful assessment will not only be a huge
advantage tothe facility, but will also allow the company to replicate the
success across its other facilities and bring in more energy savings. While
Saint-Gobain is assisting other companies to achieve success in their energy
reduction goals, this international company is set for major energy savings of
its own. Through the Save Energy Now initiative, Saint-Gobain is now
equipped with the necessary skills and management experience to administer
its energy-intensity-reduction goals at its other facilities
Throughout the world.
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Bibliography
http://www.saint-gobain.com
http://www.saint-gobain.co.in
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint-Gobain
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