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8/8/2019 In Freedoms Shadow - Prologue - Fall 2010
1/9
T po am toy kow rotuto b o ou-
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14 y (18631877), p a
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In Freedom's shadowThe Reconstruction Legacy ofrenTy FranklIn Greaves
of Beaufort County, South Carolina
By Giselle White-Perry
18 Prologue Fall 2010
8/8/2019 In Freedoms Shadow - Prologue - Fall 2010
2/9
m t ow o toy u rotuto
by. i a, mpy
b m mptt uty But
cuty. a m v, w vt t p
am pt ty pub ,
y w y m y.
g toy t ommo umpto
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m b a am
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mb 7, 1861, w U f P
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t t m ptt puut m
by U- y.
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p mbz kp
twk, u, . i t mt, gv
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. dp, b , y m
b ott ompo, m to om y
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Greavess early years
as slave, soldIer
g w bo bout 1844 o l P o t My
( B, ), g
lu g bot o sy. h m-
y w t popty o nt P[] cow, omy w Jy. w pp U..
B y 1830 w 90 . By
1860 , w 66 y w
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a 1860 , w
310 mpv 590 umpv
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ttu w ut. T U.s. vmt w utt
kw m pp b w m
b m. m,
m w bk w
t hu t dyt h ptt. By
M 1863, t tw Mtv w tb t
p wy p ppy p
-. By 1865, m p 1,500
pp M.
By March 1863, the town o Mitchelville, at Hilton Head, was
established to provide newly reed persons the opportunity to
practice sel-governance. Renty Franklin Greaves, like many others in
the community, had opportunities in the postwar years to serve in
various local government ofces.
Prologue 19In Freedom's Shadow
8/8/2019 In Freedoms Shadow - Prologue - Fall 2010
3/9
T w M w -
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my. T w f
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w.
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tmto to b om mty
bt. h t Ju 24, 1863,
j c e cmp t T
iy, w w -
oz to compy d, 21t Ut stt
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m a 16, 1864.
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The reconsTrucTIon years:
GeTTInG land and educaTIon
w u w mt t m
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eut w b t -
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p w
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bo t t ot po o mo
p. h w b py
k bt to t ompt-
o o mot m owp.
Pvt. Renty Cruel was discharged rom the Army on
August 16, 1864. He claimed to have been an unwilling
enlistee and served or a little more than one year.
20 Prologue Fall 2010
8/8/2019 In Freedoms Shadow - Prologue - Fall 2010
4/9
Pt wt t mk
b m p -
b p. a y w
b w pp mp-
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v mt sut c,
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ttoy.T 1900 u m -
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wy m m.
h h B w -
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g 1866 i x -
mt wo w $10.00.
a m B, p
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1874, g, b m, y
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t sut c g amby
t But cuty autu
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p w pm
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uty tou u to b
B y.
Greavess February 17, 1869, account application
with the Freedmans Savings and Trust Company in
Beauort records his occupation as arming and that hesometimes is separated rom his wie Sylvia Williams.
The 1900 ederal population census lists Renty F
Greaves with his wie and son in Beauort, and hi
occupation as pension claim agent.
8/8/2019 In Freedoms Shadow - Prologue - Fall 2010
5/9
gv m t w, syv,
otb 30, 1864, w v ht
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But buy 27, 1869, -
p y w p
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1888, gv m ww, a
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holdInG PublIc oFFIce
a uty mm But
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cmm v tw-y tm. h
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1877, b m b
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Right: Greaves served as a U.S. pension attorney, as
evidenced by his signature on the pension application
envelope or the widow o James Grayson in January
1894.
Below: Greaves is listed as an assistant lighthouse
keeper at the Leamington Plantation lighthouse. Hewas removed in November 1887 ater disputes
with the head keeper.
8/8/2019 In Freedoms Shadow - Prologue - Fall 2010
6/9
b . h , w
$5000 b rty,
$1000 t t, u v
t ku mm.
. . . B , y m
stuy t tt ty u
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By 1881, g my
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w to b t by t rpub Pty
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(w m my b p-
).
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wt ppv t uty mm
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ky tt. T t utm w t
u pub tvy tt
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my b m-
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y.
it w ot uuu o my bk o
t t rtut, t uvv
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xp, wk
Right: Facing trial or trespass on private land in
September 1887, Renty and others soon aced the
judge again or allegedly unlawul and malicious
trespass on church property, nailing up the church
doors and window, tearing o several boards, and
taking down the bell.
Below: The Palmetto Post reported on November 8,
1888, that Greaves was elected coroner o Beauort
County on the Fusion ticket, a controversial mixed
ticket o blacks and whites.
Prologue 2In Freedom's Shadow
8/8/2019 In Freedoms Shadow - Prologue - Fall 2010
7/9
kp U.. l B
U.s. uy dptmt t p-
t t U.s. dptmt t
i.
g w kp-
wt w lmt Ptt
h h i m Jy 10, 1882,
t nvmb 17, 1887, u
y $400. rbt sm ky p
m ppm m w -
vv wt u u m t -
y y p
P y b. h my
m J W,
g my wy, w
pt wt t cutm hu u
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ao to o o t U.s. ltou
s, g w pob o t ot
w kp
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w bw kp
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;
w w q
k. g bk w w -
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o to. Bow pot t o-
m b g pp
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p m
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t m w u p t k.
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1887, but otu opo wt
l , - m, 1888.
gv pt jb w
p t/p tty t
dptmt t it. dbumt
p U
W b b boz o
t rpub Pty. T pty w t
To learn more about
m
,
www.archives.gov/publications/prologue/index/, k
mm 1997.
U p
m , www.archives.gov/
publications/prologue/index/, k
W 2005.
T a xb d
W, www.archives.gov/exhibits/civil-war/.
Greaves was disbarred as an attorney or agent or
the Department o the Interior on January 30, 1903.
Charges against him were dropped, but the case
highlights the personal and proessional attacks upon
black ofcials during Reconstruction.
Opposite:The First Arican Baptist Church in Beauort
counted many black residents, including Renty
Greaves, among its members.
24 Prologue Fall 2010
8/8/2019 In Freedoms Shadow - Prologue - Fall 2010
8/9
u o u oupt Po Buu
by t xpt m ptt
pb .
a po t, g t t-, ww, p m-
pt ppt p bt
. h y bm z
p tty but 1889; t y
t w t tk
. T g w pp
by p, g k, B
smm, w vt t t t
py.
gv w vtuy b
tty t t dptmt it Juy 30, 1903.T p
m v t b -
m. a g
w pp, t tv pubty u-
xmp
o t po poo ttk upo
bk o by rotuto oppot.
The FInal years:
veTeran, PensIoner
a p mk p-
pp, g m p -tmpt to t t bty po o
m, y pp j
. T m xm w
m py by w p
xt. dt wt t k o po
m w p y, g
Bk W, d..,
Prologue 2In Freedom's Shadow
8/8/2019 In Freedoms Shadow - Prologue - Fall 2010
9/9
b t pt m. c t
w m pb g
b w b b
p pp. h w pp
v p b Juy 5, 1890,
$12 m. h w, zb,
ww b $8 m.
i 1903, y g , B
y w p 3,434
bk m to 927 wt. T pt ow
rty g t py ott wt
t ut, ut, ut, t-
m p m . h by
t Buot wpp b m
m z w b
B my.
Greaves and The leGacy
oF beauForT counTyBy 1876, w y
utvut. hwv, bk
B y b p
b y p-
-
ty outy o. i 1895, tou,
tt ttut vt vtuy
15 mm bk
t tt tou t qumt o ot.
bk ,
x bk w
m B y.
W w pbby
m v t pm
b, bk t o t bt-
m .
My w p-
p m. p m
ty x t v mtt u
pb xp, p , m-
j, x py,
mp y--y
, bk w.
T y m k rty k
g y p p p-
potmt ptt, ou ttk om
. Ty b -
w w mb . P
2010 by g W-Py
Giselle White-Perry t m-
jut my t
sut c stt Uvty
obu, sut c. s
jy y y m
i .
Author
T w y p pp
m
a am stu, i., ctt,
nc, buy 1214, 2009, u t tm
h a, h, h T
dp.
Pmy ou om t nto a w
g W p ,
. . g y , . 823054,
p ww, zb g
( v am, g 15);
t m s ut compy o( mp
cuy, rg 101); t 1880 1900
1890 (
t Buu o t cu, rg 29). aout o
mpymt ty pt pt w
u r t U.s. ct gu (rg
26) y
i (g 48).
r t dyt my t sut
c ht sty, ct, sc,
gv m mpvmt
ppy w M.
c gv y pt-
Letters and Diary of LauraM. owne Written rom the Sea Islands o South
Carolina, . rupt s. ho (nw Yok: no
Uvt P, 1912). e Freedoms
Lawmakers: A Directory o Black Ofceholders
During Reconstruction (Bt ru: lu
Uy P, . . 1996)
o bk o t to am
pot toy. iA Nation Under Our Feet: Black
Political Struggles in the Rural South rom Slavery
to the Great Migration (mb, Ma: h
Uvty P-Bkp P, 2003), stv
h xp w bk w b m-
bz mk m y
m.
Bp rbt sm w uu
ty t , tt, t
wt wm gv w qutpy
k Uy From Slavery to Public Service: Robert
Smalls 18391915(w Yk: x Uy
P, 1971) ew M GullahStatesman:
Roberts Smalls from Slavery to Congress(mb,sc: Uvty sut c P, 1995).
xmp j by m g
w a a ip B
y a M a,
ppv buy 12, 1874, Acts and Joint
Resolutions of the General Assembly of South Carolina
passed at the Special Session o 1873 and Regular
Session o 187374 (cumb, sc: rpub
Pt cmpy, stt Pt, 1874),
B d g () ix 1864
1980, Conveyance Books, Index to Deeds.
at m wpp, t Palmetto
Post Beauort Gazette, u t t But
cuty lby pt umb vt g : ,
tt t, t t yut ,
w .
it t t rtut w
g South Carolina Negroes,
18771900(cumb, sc: Uvty sut
c P, 1952), ew ay Te
Promise of the New South: Life After Reconstruction
(w Yk: x Uy P, 1992).
ote on ources
Above: An obituary in the Beaufort Gazette recorded
Greavess death on October 29, 1903. Left: Greaves
was buried in Beauort National Cemetery with a
headstone reminder that he served in the United
States Colored Troops.
26 Prologue Fall 2010