Imran Khan Progress Report

8/13/2019 Imran Khan Progress Report

1/10

8

Phd Thesis

Progress Report

Title of Research

Evaluation of Retrofitted Bridge Piersunder Seismic Loading

By

MUHAMMA !"BAL#$%Ph%&E%'(

Supervisor

Supervisor) Prof* r* "aiser% u+% ,aman -han .UET Ta/ila0&o%Supervisor) r* Syed Muhammad Ali .UET Pesha1ar0

Department of Civil EngineeringUNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY

TAILA


2/10

8

2* !ntroduction

Pakistan is located in a high seismic zone. The research presented in this thesis has been

conducted in the aftermath of the major earthquake of 8thOct 2005 earthquake in zad

!ashmir and "orthern areas of Pakistan# $here man% high$a% structures $ere damaged

being deficient of requisite in steel reinforcement# concrete strength and ductilit% to sustain

earthquake energ%. &eismic 'azards define the potential of (arthquake. (arthquake is

basicall% the ground )ibration# resulted from the natural phenomenon i.e. fracture of the earth

crust# )olcanic eruption or artificiall% due to man*made acti)ities like e+plosions etc.

,ajorit% of our bridges $ere constructed prior to October 2005 and those $ere designed

according to the -est Pakistan 'igh$a% ode /134. n that code# the seismic zones for an%particular cit% $ere on the lo$er side# therefore# most of our bridges constructed in an%

region are prone to major damages.

t is reported b% the 6& 7eological &ur)e% that global death toll in 200 $as e+ceeded

00#000 $orld$ide. On the a)erage about 0#000 people died e)er% %ear# besides the great

economical loss# $orld$ide. October 8# 2005 (arthquake brought about 35#000 human losses

and 2.5 million homeless.

!

'* Literature Revie1

s a aftermath of the October 8# 2005 earthquake about 9#921 !,s /3.02 :4 roads

$ere destro%ed;damaged# reported b% "ecent earthquakes in the sia especiall% in Pakistan unco)ered the )ulnerabilit% of

e+isting > structures to the e+pected damage

n Pakistan onl% one bridge design code has been published in 13. The said code is

deri)ed from the 6& code of 1 and since then the code is not updated

,ost of the bridges in Pakistan ha)e been designed on the basis of &'TO

&tandards /&'O # 14 $hich has been obsolete in the 6& since 2003 and

replaced b% &'TO*?>@< /&'TO*20034

On the basis of field sur)e% and tests it is obser)ed that concrete used in the

construction of the e+isting bridges in Pakistan is lo$ strength concrete i.e. AfcB 2900

psi# c%linder strengthC $hich also apparentl% sho$s the )ulnerabilit% of these bridges

to e+pected damage or collapse in case of )er% high hazards


3/10

8

The e+ecution practice in the Pakistan $hich is not commensurate $ith the required

standard also increases the bridges )ulnerabilit% to e+pected damage in case of an%

catastrophe like October 8# 2005 earthquake

>efD Ph< ThesisC &T6

=>


4/10

8

()aluation of stress G strain of retrofitted concrete c%linder and find out their relation

to retrofitted pier columns.


5/10

8


6/10

8

Research 435ectives

" n Pakistan all the old buildings and bridges are being constructed $ith cubestrength of 000 psi equi)alent to 2900 psi c%linder strength

" n this stud% $e used the D9 scaled do$n one model of target AfcB 2900 psiCi.e. lo$ strength concrete /?&4

" >efD Ph< Thesis A&T6=>


7/10

8

#etro!itting )chemes )elected +or O%r #esearch

The e+tensi)el% used materials and included in our research areD

a. @>P -rappings

The abo)e retrofitting material $ill be used onD

a. columns $ith $rapped @>P sheets to impro)e seismic

performance is one of the major applications of this ne$ strengthening method.

Application o! $+#P

" fter appl%ing the epo+% underla%ment on the concrete surface# the @>P sheets $ere$rapped around the column. (ach la%er $as lap spliced for a length of 250 mm to a)oid

delaminating.

" The epo+% $as selected to insure that the multiple la%ers of the straps acted as oneunit $ith no inter*laminar slippage.


8/10

8

" The continuous @>P reinforcement column $rapping allo$s increasing the ultimatedisplacement and the ultimate strength.


9/10

8

6* Pro5ect 7or8 Schedule

Phase ActivityE/pected Time

.7ee80

Status

#! Literat$re Revie%! &' Complete(

)! St$(* of Vario$+ Str$,t$ral Soft%are-+! &' Complete(

'! .reparation of /o(el &0 Complete(

0! Anal*+i+ an( Te+ting of Sele,te( S*+tem &0 Complete(


10/10

8

1! Con,l$+ion an( Re,ommen(ation+ &1 Complete(

2! Compilation an( final report! &1 Complete(

Total) '9 7ee8s

:* Pro5ect etailed Budget

Sr*

;o*escription of !tems "uantity Rate < Unit

Appro/imate

Budget.Rs*0

# Fine aggregate+ 03&&&

) Coar+e aggregate+ 03&&&

' Cement #&3&&&

0 Steel )&3&&&

1 CFR. /aterial 4&3&&&

2 La5or E6pen(it$re )&3&&&

Total) 2$#=###* Utili+ation of Research

&trengthening bridge columns $ith fiber jackets significantl% impro)es the fle+ural

and shear strengths and increases the ductilit% of the column.

&tructures designed b% old design codes need strengthening as a current requirement#

$hich can be fulfilled b% retrofitting techniques.

The seismic performance of > columns $as also found to be impro)ed b% increased

ductilit% $ith the confinement of @>P composites.

The strength and ductilit% of concrete bridge columns could be significantl% increased

b% $rapping @>P around the columns.

Documents

Imran Khan Progress Report