Important Notes by Dr Ahmed Gaber

7/30/2019 Important Notes by Dr Ahmed Gaber

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IMPORTANT NOTES BY dr.Ahmed Gaber

collected by dr.Ahmed Gaber

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Important notes added in ENT lectures

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et2akkedo mn elkalam da wento betzakro 3shan el ENT wa5do mn zaman w nasih we7temal ykoun fih

2a5ta2 basita:)

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-hemangioma :ttt>

medical : corticosteroid + beta blockers (indral)

surgical : tracheotomy & follow up (2-4) spont. regression

laser endoscopic surgery (KTP/CO2)

surgical excision

NB:never radiation> more. aggressive

NB:never biopsy

-chondroma : ttt> total laryngectomy

NB :never radiation >more aggressive

NB : DD chondrosarcoma by behaviour not

histopathology

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development of larynx :

* embryonic phase (0-8wks) > organogenesis/4th arch>epiglottis/

6th arch >arytenoids, cricoid , trachea.

* fetal phase (9wks-7mnths) >organ maturation



- infantile larynx > mohema gedan , maktoba fe stridor

- congintal vocal cord paralysis ttt>

1- treat cause (eg:shunt op.)

2- tracheostomy &foloow up (1-2yrs)

> spont. recovery (>50%)>decannulation

or>no recovery > VC lateralization procedure/arytenoidectomy/ laser cordotomy.

-cong. SG stenosis ttt>

* soft tissue :

- follow up( child out grow the problem)

- tracheostomy and follow up

-endoscopic laser dilation

- surgical ttt

* cartilagenous :

- anterior cricoid split(ACS)

-larngeotracheal reconstruction(LTR)

-pearson's operation .

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de bardo notes , kanet bett2al >

**nasopharyngeal swellings ( congintal ) >

- thornwaldt's cyst



- chordoma( not chordal in origin)

- tratoma

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**comparison bet. JNA & adenoids (imp.)

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**concerning sinusitis :

de kanet w hoa bymley , kan by2ool enha mohema

1- in acute rhinosinusitis :

**take care of : when the extension of infection from teeth (dental)> it is predisposed by

- dental infection of upper 2nd premolar or1st molar tooth (vip)

-dental inf. of same teeth complicated by fistula.(oroantral fistula)

** in C/P :fe el pain and headace ( inc.with coughing or bending (VIP))

** in ttt : fe al antibiotic ( at least 10 days)VIP

2- in chronic rhinosinsitis:

** radiologic investigation in chronic sinusitis > CT scan

** fe el etiology > el point beta3et persistence of predisposing factors > canet general factors & and

local factors > fe local factors ,( ethmoiditis & or anatomical abnormalities in ethmoids (vip))

** no fever

** in ttt : lazem awel 7aga tektab elimination of any predisposing factor

** name of surgery > functional endoscopic sinus surgery .

3- complications:



**point el brain abscess : in frontal lope ( mohem gedan 3shan afra2 3an brain abscess of otitis media

which is where in temporal , cerebellar , mesh faker bel zabt :) )

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** treatment of hypopharyngeal tumor :

hoa el dr. 3aml scheme dah w hoa a7san men el ketab awy :

http://www.mediafire.com/i/?d7wfmrcw9wajsqc

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Important Notes by Dr Ahmed Gaber