Important Monthly English Vocabulary PDF - ibpsguide.com · Important Monthly English Vocabulary PDF ... a subtle difference in or shade of meaning ... distinction/difference, shade,

Important Monthly English Vocabulary PDF | April 2018 | Based on The Hindu

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Editorial 02-04-2018

1). Bidders (Noun)

Definition: a person or organization making a formal offer

for something, especially at an auction.

Synonyms: Applicant, Aspirant, Competitor.

Antonyms: associate, helper.

Usage: she was the highest bidder for this rare portrait

2). Lucrative (Adjective)

Definition: producing a great deal of profit.

Synonyms: profitable, profit-

making, gainful, remunerative, moneymaking, paying, high-

income, well paid

Antonyms: unprofitable, loss, poorly paid

Usage: a lucrative career as a stand-up comedian

3). Bureaucrats (Noun)

Definition: an official in a government department, in

particular one perceived as being concerned with procedural

correctness at the expense of people's needs.

Synonyms: official, administrator, office-holder, office-

bearer, civil servant, public servant, government servant

Usage: the unemployed will be dealt with not by faceless

bureaucrats but by individuals

4). Bugbears (Noun)

Definition: a cause of obsessive fear, anxiety, or irritation

Synonyms: pet

hate, hate, bane, irritant, irritation, dislike, anathema, aversio

n

Antonyms: brave, courageous, calmness, ease.

Usage: the biggest villain is that adman's bugbear, saturated

fat

5). Ascertain (Verb)

Definition: find (something) out for certain; make sure of.

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Synonyms: find out, discover, get/come to know, work out,

make out, fathom (out), become aware of

Antonyms: assist, confuse, destroy, ignore.

Usage: an attempt to ascertain the cause of the accident

6). Ousted (Verb)

Definition: drive out or expel (someone) from a position or

place.

Synonyms: drive out, expel, force out, throw

out, remove, remove from office/power, eject, get rid of

Antonyms: hire, take in, allow, hold.s

Usage: the reformists were ousted from power

7). Backlash (Noun)

Definition: a strong negative reaction by a large number of

people, especially to a social or political development.

Synonyms: adverse reaction/response, counteraction,

counterblast, comeback, recoil

Antonyms: encourage, boost.

Usage: a public backlash against racism

8). Rendered (Verb)

Definition: provide or give (a service, help, etc.).

Synonyms: give, provide, supply, furnish, make

available, contribute

Antonyms: take back, hold back.refuse.

Usage: money serves as a reward for services rendered

9). Entrant (Noun)

Definition: a person or group that enters or takes part in

something.

Synonyms: new member, new arrival, beginner, newcomer,

fresher, freshman, recruit

Antonyms: veteran, popular, well-worsen.

Usage: the prize will be awarded to the entrant who wins the

tiebreak

10). Staunch (Adjective)

Definition: very loyal and committed in attitude.

Synonyms:

stalwart, loyal, faithful, trusty, committed, devoted, dedicated

, dependable

Antonyms: disloyal, unfaithful, unreliable

Usage: a staunch supporter of the anti-nuclear lobby

11). Charade (Noun)

Definition: an absurd pretence intended to create a pleasant

or respectable appearance.

Synonyms:

farce, pantomime, travesty, mockery, parody, pretence, act,

masquerade, sham

Antonyms: honest, reality, truth.

Usage: talk of unity was nothing more than a charade

12). Tumultuous (Adjective)

Definition: making an uproar or loud, confused noise.

Synonyms: loud, deafening, thunderous, thundering

Antonyms: mild, gentle, moderate.

Usage: tumultuous applause

13). Exhortations (Noun)

Definition: an address or communication emphatically

urging someone to do something.

Synonyms:

urging, encouragement, persuasion, pressure, pressurization,

pushing,

insistence

Antonyms: discouragement, suppress.

Usage: exhortations to consumers to switch off electrical

appliances

14). Cynicism (Noun) --

Definition: an inclination to believe that people are

motivated purely by self-interest

Synonyms:

scepticism, doubt, distrust, mistrust, doubtfulness, suspicion

Antonyms: optimism, faith, trust.

Usage: public cynicism about politics

15). Hefty (Adjective)

Definition: done with vigour or force.

Synonyms: powerful, violent, hard, forceful, heavy,

vigorous, mighty

Antonyms: small, light, paltry.

Usage: he aimed a hefty kick at the door

16). Acquittal (Noun)

Definition: a judgement or verdict that a person is not guilty

of the crime with which they have been charged.

Synonyms: absolution, clearing, exoneration, exculpation,

declaration of innocence

Antonyms: conviction, hiring, hold, blame.

Usage: the trial resulted in an acquittal

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1). Litigation (Noun) --

Definition: the process of taking legal action.

Synonyms: legal proceeding(s), legal action, lawsuit, legal

dispute, legal case, case, legal contest

Antonyms: effect, result.

Usage: the company wishes to avoid litigation

2). Contempt (Noun)

Definition: the feeling that a person or a thing is worthless or

beneath consideration.

Synonyms:

scorn, disdain, disrespect, deprecation, disparagement, denigr

ation,

Opprobrium

Antonyms: respect, worthable.

Usage: Pam stared at the girl with total contempt

3). Perplexing (Verb)

Definition: make (someone) feel completely baffled.

Synonyms:

puzzle, baffle, mystify, bemuse, bewilder, confound, confuse,

nonplus

Antonyms: clear, transparent, confident.

Usage: she was perplexed by her husband's moodiness

4). Envisaged (Verb)

Definition: contemplate or conceive of as a possibility or a

desirable future event.

Synonyms:

foresee, predict, forecast, foretell, anticipate, expect, think

likely, envision

Antonyms: disregard, ignore.

Usage: the Rome Treaty envisaged free movement across

frontiers

5). Drubbing (Verb)

Definition: a resounding defeat in a match or contest.

Synonyms: defeat, beating, trouncing, rout, loss,

vanquishing, crushing

Antonyms: victory, success, win

Usage: Scotland's 3-0 drubbing by France

6). Debacle (Noun)

Definition: a sudden and ignominious failure; a fiasco.

Synonyms:

fiasco, failure, catastrophe, disaster, disintegration, mess, wre

ck, ruin

Antonyms: victory, success, win

Usage: the only man to reach double figures in the second-

innings debacle

7). Endorsed (Verb)

Definition: recommend (a product) in an advertisement.

Synonyms: support, back, approve (of), be in agreement

with, favour

Antonyms: oppose, agaist.

Usage: he earns more money endorsing sports clothes than

playing football

8). Imminent (Adjective)

Definition: About to happened

Synonyms: impending, at hand, close, near, approaching,

fast approaching, coming, forthcoming

Antonyms: avoidable, distant, later,

Usage: they were in imminent danger of being swept away

9). Myopic (Adjective)

Definition: lacking foresight or intellectual insight.

Synonyms: unimaginative, uncreative, unadventurous,

narrow-minded, lacking foresight

Antonyms: long-site, far-site.

Usage: the government still has a myopic attitude to public

spending

10). Credibility (Noun) --

Definition: the quality of being trusted and believed in.

Synonyms:

trustworthiness, reliability, dependability, integrity, character

Antonyms: implausibility, unbelievable.

Usage: the government's loss of credibility


1). Glitches (Verb)

Definition: suffer a sudden malfunction or fault.

Synonyms: Problem, fault, bug, mistake.

Antonyms: correct, advantage, strength.

Usage: the elevators glitched

2). Bounty (Noun)

Definition: a sum paid for killing or capturing a person or

animal.





Synonyms: reward, prize, award, recompense, remuneration,

commission, consideration

Antonyms: meanness, punishment.

Usage: there was an increased bounty on his head

3). Staggered (Verb)

Definition: walk or move unsteadily, as if about to fall.

Synonyms: lurch, walk

unsteadily, reel, sway, teeter, totter, stumble, wobble

Antonyms: carry on, continue.

Usage: he staggered to his feet, swaying a little

4). Crucial (Adjective) -

Definition: decisive or critical, especially in the success or

failure of something.

Synonyms:

pivotal, critical, key, climacteric, decisive, deciding, determin

ing, settling,

testing

Antonyms: minor, secondary.

Usage: negotiations were at a crucial stage

5). Disengages (Verb)

Definition: separate or release (someone or something) from

something to which they are attached or connected.

Synonyms:

remove, detach, disentangle, extricate, separate, release, loose

n, loose, disconnect

Antonyms: attached, connect, couple.

Usage: I disengaged his hand from mine

6). Conjectured (Verb)

Definition: form an opinion or supposition about

(something) on the basis of incomplete information.

Synonyms: guess, speculate, surmise, infer, fancy, imagine,

believe, think, suspect

Antonyms: calculative, know, measure.

Usage: many conjectured that she had a second husband in

mind

7). Endowed (Verb)

Definition: provide with a quality, ability, or asset.

Synonyms: provide, supply, furnish, equip, invest, give,

present, favour, bless

Antonyms: decrease, reduce, destroy.

Usage: he was endowed with tremendous physical strength.

8). Predecessor (Noun)

Definition: a person who held a job or office before the

current holder.

Synonyms: former/previous holder of the post, forerunner,

precursor, antecedent

Antonyms: derivative, descendant, successor

Usage: the new President's foreign policy is very similar to

that of his predecessor

9). Nuances (Noun) ,

Definition: a subtle difference in or shade of meaning,

expression, or sound.

Synonyms: fine distinction, subtle

distinction/difference, shade, shading, gradation, variation

Antonyms: brightness, information, light.

Usage: he was familiar with the nuances of the local dialect

10). Bottleneck (Noun)

Definition: a narrow section of road or a junction that

impedes traffic flow.

Synonyms: traffic jam, jam, congestion, hold-

up, gridlock, queue, tailback.

Antonyms: free flow, aid, opening.

Usage: the bottleneck on Talbot Road


1). Miserable (Adjective) ,

Definition: (of a person) wretchedly unhappy or

uncomfortable.

Synonyms:

unhappy, sad, sorrowful, dejected, depressed, downcast, dow

nhearted,

down

Antonyms: happy, joyful, good.

Usage: their happiness made Anne feel even more miserable

2). Exaggeration (Noun)

Definition: a statement that represents something as better or

worse than it really is.

Synonyms: overstatement, overemphasis, magnification,

amplification, aggrandizement, overplaying

Antonyms: truth, decrease, reduction.

Usage: it would be an exaggeration to say I had morning

sickness, but I did feel queasy

3). Resentment (Noun)

Definition: bitter indignation at having been treated unfairly.





Synonyms:

bitterness, indignation, irritation, pique, displeasure, dissatisf

action,

Disgruntlement.

Antonyms: calm, delight, happiness.

Usage: his resentment at being demoted

4). Dispel (Verb)

Definition: make (a doubt, feeling, or belief) disappear.

Synonyms: banish, eliminate, dismiss, chase away, drive

away, drive off, get rid of, dissipate

Antonyms: accept, collect, keep.

Usage: the brightness of the day did nothing to dispel

Elaine's dejection

5). Oppressed (Adjective)

Definition: subject to harsh and authoritarian treatment.

Synonyms: persecute, abuse, maltreat, ill-treat, treat harshly,

be brutal to, be cruel to, tyrannize

Antonyms: aid, assist, comfort, please.

Usage: oppressed racial minorities

6). Unpalatable (Adjective)

Definition: difficult to put up with or accept.

Synonyms:

disagreeable, unpleasant, displeasing, unattractive, regrettable

,

unwelcome, upsetting

Antonyms: agreement, pleasing, pleasant.

Usage: the unpalatable fact that many of the world's people

are starving

7). Prevailing (Adjective)

Definition: existing at a particular time; current.

Synonyms: exist, be in existence, be present, be the case,

hold, obtain, occur, be prevalent

Antonyms: uncommon, unfixed, minor.

Usage: the unfavourable prevailing economic conditions

8). Fury (Noun) --

Definition: wild or violent anger.

Synonyms: rage, anger, wrath, passion, outrage, spleen, tem

per, savagery, frenzy

Antonyms: calm, rest, happiness.

Usage: tears of fury and frustration

9). Unleashed (Verb)

Definition: cause (a strong or violent force) to be released or

become unrestrained.

Synonyms: let loose, release, free, set

free, loose, unloose, unbridle

Antonyms: hold, keep, restrain.

Usage: the failure of the talks could unleash more fighting

10). Accused (Verb)

Definition: claim that (someone) has done something wrong.

Synonyms: blame for, hold responsible for, lay the blame on

someone for, hold accountable for

Antonyms: clear, discharge, acquitted.

Usage: he was accused of favouritism


1). Bickering (Verb) ,

Definition: argue about petty and trivial matters.

Synonyms: squabble, argue

Antonyms: agree, concur, make peace.

Usage: couples who bicker over who gets what from the

divorce

2).Unravelling (Verb)

Definition: investigate and solve or explain (something

complicated or puzzling).

Synonyms: solve, resolve, work out, clear up, puzzle out,

find an answer to, get to the bottom of

Antonyms: wonder, joint, unite, wind.

Usage: they were attempting to unravel the cause of death

3).Debacle (Noun) --

Definition: a sudden and ignominious failure; a fiasco.

Synonyms: fiasco, failure, catastrophe, disaster,

disintegration, mess, wreck, ruin

Antonyms: success, win, rise.

Usage: the only man to reach double figures in the second-

innings debacle

4).Scandal (Noun)

Definition: an action or event regarded as morally or legally

wrong and causing general public outrage.

Synonyms: outrageous wrongdoing, outrageous behaviour,

immoral behaviour, unethical behaviour

Antonyms: approval, compliment, flattery.

Usage: a bribery scandal involving one of his key supporters

5).Tussle (Noun) ,





Definition: a vigorous struggle or scuffle, typically in order

to obtain or achieve something.

Synonyms: scuffle, fight, struggle, skirmish, brawl,

scrimmage, scramble, scrum, fisticuffs

Antonyms: agreement, peace, calm.

Usage: there was a tussle for the ball

6).Ouster (Noun) --

Definition: ejection from a property, especially wrongful

ejection; deprivation of an inheritance.

Synonyms: eviction, dispossession, legal

Antonyms: welcoming, employment.

Usage: ouster proceedings to remove the husband from the

matrimonial home

7).Bandwagon (Noun)

Definition: (especially formerly) a wagon used for carrying a

band in a parade or procession.

Synonyms: trend, Style, vogue

Antonyms: outrages, Antic.

Usage: the colourful bandwagon was later purchased for use

in circus parades

8).Scrutinized (Verb)

Definition: examine or inspect closely and thoroughly.

Synonyms: examine carefully, inspect, survey, scan, study,

look over, peruse

Antonyms: glance at, oral

Usage: customers were warned to scrutinize the small print

9).Glossed (Verb)

Definition: try to conceal or disguise (something

unfavourable) by treating it briefly or representing it

misleadingly.

Synonyms: conceal, cover up, hide, camouflage, disguise,

mask, veil, draw a veil over, whitewash

Antonyms: disclose, exaggerate

Usage: the social costs of this growth are glossed over

10).Jettison (Verb)

Definition: throw or drop (something) from an aircraft or

ship.

Synonyms: dump, drop, ditch, discharge, eject, throw out,

empty out, pour out, tip out, unload

Antonyms: load, keep, retain

Usage: six aircraft jettisoned their loads in the sea


1). Railed (Verb)

Definition: complain or protest strongly and persistently

about.

Synonyms: protest strongly at, make a protest against,

fulminate against, inveigh against, rage against, thunder

against

Antonyms: be happy, flatter, praise.

Usage: he railed at human fickleness

2). Steward (Noun)

Definition: a person responsible for supplies

Synonyms: major-domo, seneschal, manciple

Usage: the steward of the household

3). Confer (Verb)

Definition: have discussions; exchange opinions.

Synonyms: consult, have discussions, discuss things,

exchange views, talk

Antonyms: refuse, dishonour.

Usage: the officials were conferring with allies

4). Impunity (Noun)

Definition: exemption from punishment or freedom from the

injurious consequences of an action.

Synonyms: immunity, indemnity, exemption from

punishment, freedom from punishment, exemption

Antonyms: prohibition, veto, impristonment.

Usage: the impunity enjoyed by military officers implicated

in civilian killings

5).Poaching (Verb)

Definition: take or acquire in an unfair or clandestine way.

Synonyms: steal, appropriate, purloin, misappropriate, take

Antonyms: loosen, given, release.

Usage: employers risk having their newly trained workers

poached by other firms

6).Thriving (Adjective)

Definition: prosper; flourish.

Synonyms: flourish, prosper, grow vigorously, develop well,

burgeon, bloom, blossom, do well, advance, make strides

Antonyms: failing, poor, losing.

Usage: education groups thrive on organization

7).Incongruous (Adjective) -





Definition: not in harmony or keeping with the surroundings

or other aspects of something.

Synonyms: unpredictable, unsuitable, unsuited.

Antonyms: uniform, suitable.

Usage: the duffel coat looked incongruous with the black

dress she wore underneath

8).Deterrent (Noun)

Definition: a thing that discourages or is intended to

discourage someone from doing something.

Synonyms: disincentive, discouragement, dissuasion,

damper, brake, curb, check

Antonyms: encouragement, catalyst, incentive

Usage: cameras are a major deterrent to crime

9). Stardom (Noun) ,

Definition: the state or status of being a very famous or

talented entertainer or sports player.

Synonyms: Acclaim, celebrity, greatness, glory.

Antonyms: obscurity, unimportance, lowliness

Usage: her rise to stardom has been meteoric

10). Expeditions (Noun)

Definition: promptness or speed in doing something.

Synonyms: speed, haste, hastiness, hurriedness, promptness,

speediness, swiftness, quickness, rapidity

Antonyms: blockage, halt, slowing.

Usage: the landlord shall remedy the defects with all possible

expedition

11). Snares (Noun)

Definition: a trap for catching birds or mammals, typically

one having a noose of wire or cord.

Synonyms: trap, gin, net, noose

Antonyms: honesty, repulsion.

Usage: he came upon a hare struggling in an illegal snare


1). Adjourned (Verb)

Definition: (of a group of people) go somewhere for rest or

refreshment.

Synonyms: withdraw, retire, retreat, beat a retreat, take

oneself, decamp

Antonyms: advance, continue, do, hasten.

Usage: they adjourned to a local pub

2). Afflicting (Verb)

Definition: cause pain or trouble to; affect adversely.

Synonyms: trouble, bother, burden, distress, cause trouble to,

cause suffering to

Antonyms: comfort, support, assist.

Usage: his younger child was afflicted with a skin disease

3). Unscathed (Verb)

Definition: without suffering any injury, damage, or harm.

Synonyms: unharmed, unhurt, uninjured, undamaged, in one

piece, intact, safe, safe and sound

Antonyms: harmed, hurt, injured.

Usage: I came through all those perils unscathed

4). Glaringly (Adverb) --

Definition: in a highly obvious or conspicuous manner.

Synonyms: Extremely, highly, hugely, incledibly.

Antonyms: darkly, dully, sadly.

Usage: the theft glaringly exposes the lack of security

5). Mustering (Verb)

Definition: assemble (troops), especially for inspection or in

preparation for battle.

Synonyms: assemble, bring together, call

together, marshal, mobilize, rally, round up, raise

Antonyms: division, separation.

Usage: 17,000 men had been mustered on Haldon Hill

6). Ransom (Noun)

Definition: a sum of money demanded or paid for the release

of a captive.

Synonyms: pay-off, payment, price

Usage: the kidnappers demanded a ransom

7). Impeached (Verb)

Definition: call into question the integrity or validity of (a

practice).

Synonyms: challenge, question, call into question, cast doubt

on, raise doubts about

Antonyms: conform, acquit.

Usage: there is no desire to impeach the privileges of the

House of Commons

8). Plea (Noun)

Definition: a request made in an urgent and emotional

manner.

Synonyms: appeal, entreaty, supplication, petition, prayer

Antonyms: demand, decision.





Usage: he made a dramatic plea for disarmament

9). Repudiates (Verb)

Definition: refuse to accept; reject.

Synonyms: reject, renounce, abandon, forswear, give up,

turn one's back on, have nothing more

Antonyms: accept, allow, enforce.

Usage: she has repudiated policies associated with previous

party leaders

10). Fraught (Adjective) --

Definition: causing or affected by anxiety or stress.

Synonyms: anxious, worried, upset, distraught, overwrought,

agitated, distressed, distracted

Antonyms: calm, peace.

Usage: there was a fraught silence

11). Unabashed (Adjective)

Definition: not embarrassed, disconcerted, or ashamed.

Synonyms: unashamed, shameless, unembarrassed, brazen,

audacious, barefaced, blatant, flagrant

Antonyms: abashed, ashamed, sheepish

Usage: he was unabashed by the furore his words provoked


1). Perceptible (Adjective)

Definition: (especially of a slight movement or change of

state) able to be seen or noticed

Synonyms: noticeable, perceivable, detectable, discernible

Antonyms: imperceptible, inconspicuous

Usage: a perceptible decline in public confidence

2). Rupture (Verb)

Definition: breach or disturb (a harmonious feeling or

situation).

Synonyms: sever, break, cut off, break off, breach, disrupt

Antonyms: joint, strengthen, closing.

Usage: once trust and confidence has been ruptured it can

be difficult to regain

3). Rhetoric (Noun)

Definition: the art of effective or persuasive speaking or

writing, especially the exploitation of figures of speech and

other compositional techniques.

Synonyms: oratory, eloquence, power of speech, command

of language, expression

Antonyms: quite, conciseness.

Usage: he is using a common figure of rhetoric, hyperbole

4). Sermonising (Verb)

Definition: to give a long talk to people, telling them how

they should behave in order to be better people

Synonyms: advocate, preach.

Usage: My grandmother's all right until she starts

sermonizing and then she's unbearable.

5). Contentious (Adjective)

Definition: causing or likely to cause an argument;

controversial.

Synonyms: controversial, disputable, debatable, disputed,

contended, open to question

Antonyms: agreeable.

Usage: a contentious issue

6). Meddling (Verb)

Definition: interfere in something that is not one's concern

Synonyms: interfere, butt

in, intrude, intervene, interlope, pry, poke, nose, busybody

Usage: I don't want him meddling in our affairs

7). Credence (Noun)

Definition: belief in or acceptance of something as true.

Synonyms: acceptance, belief, faith, trust, confidence,

reliance, traction

Antonyms: fear, uncertainty.

Usage: psychoanalysis finds little credence among laymen

8). Discreetly (Adjective)

Definition: careful and prudent in one's speech or actions,

especially in order to keep something confidential or to avoid

embarrassment.

Synonyms:

careful, circumspect, cautious, wary, chary, guarded, close-

lipped, close-mouthed

Antonyms: foolishly, stupidly, unthinkingly.

Usage: we made some discreet inquiries

9). Obscuring (Verb)

Definition: make unclear and difficult to understand.

Synonyms: confuse, complicate, obfuscate, cloud, blur,

muddy

Antonyms: clear, brighten, explain.

Usage: the debate has become obscured by conflicting

ideological perspectives





10). Critiqued (Verb)

Definition: evaluate (a theory or practice) in a detailed and

analytical way.

Synonyms:

analysis, evaluation, assessment, appraisal, appreciation, revi

ew, write-up

Antonyms: unplanned,

Usage: the authors critique the methods and practices used

in the research


1). Downright (Adjective)

Definition: (of something bad or unpleasant) utter; complete

(used for emphasis).

Synonyms: complete, total, absolute, utter, thorough, perfect,

out-and-out, outright

Antonyms: partial, anything but

Usage: it's a downright disgrace

2). Coalition (Noun)

Definition: a temporary alliance for combined action,

especially of political parties forming a government.

Synonyms: alliance, union, partnership, affiliation, bloc,

caucus

Antonyms: division, separation, divorce.

Usage: a coalition between Liberals and Conservatives

3). Disastrous (Adjective)

Definition: causing great damage.

Synonyms: catastrophic, calamitous, cataclysmic, tragic

Antonyms: advantage, good, happy.

Usage: a disastrous fire swept through the museum

4). Sectarian (Adjective)

Definition: rigidly following the doctrines of a sect or other

group.

Synonyms:

factional, schismatic, cliquish, clannish, partisan, parti pris

Antonyms: conformation, broad.

Usage: the sectarian Bolshevism advocated by Moscow

5). Ruthless (Adjective) -

Definition: having or showing no pity or compassion for

others.

Synonyms: merciless, pitiless, cruel, heartless, hard-

hearted, hard, stony-hearted, stony

Antonyms: calm, easy, Kind.

Usage: a ruthless manipulator

6). Perpetual (Adjective)

Definition: occurring repeatedly; so frequent as to seem

endless and uninterrupted.

Synonyms: interminable, incessant, ceaseless, endless,

without respite, relentless, unrelenting

Antonyms: bounded, changeable.

Usage: their perpetual money worries

7). Ethnic (Adjective)

Definition: relating to a population subgroup (within a larger

or dominant national or cultural group) with a common

national or cultural tradition.

Synonyms: racial, race-

related, ethnological, genetic, inherited

Usage: ethnic and cultural rights and traditions

8). Catastrophes (Noun)

Definition: an event causing great and usually sudden

damage or suffering; a disaster.

Synonyms: disaster, calamity, cataclysm, crisis, holocaust,

ruin, ruination, tragedy, blow

Antonyms: advantage, favour, miracle, joy.

Usage: an environmental catastrophe

9). Obligation (Noun)

Definition: a debt of gratitude for a service or favour.

Synonyms:

contract, agreement, deed, covenant, bond, treaty, deal, pact,

compact,

understanding

Antonyms: asset, disbelief.

Usage: she didn't want to be under an obligation to him

10). Verdict (Noun)

Definition: a decision on an issue of fact in a civil or criminal

case or an inquest.

Synonyms: judgement, adjudication, adjudgement, decision,

finding, ruling, resolution

Usage: the jury returned a verdict of not guilty

11). Admonished (Verb)

Definition: advise or urge (someone) earnestly.





Synonyms:

advise, recommend, urge, caution, warn, counsel, exhort, imp

lore,

beseech, entreat

Antonyms: allow.

Usage: she admonished him to drink no more than one glass

of wine

12). Embarrassing (Verb)

Definition: cause (someone) to feel awkward, self-conscious,

or ashamed.

Synonyms: shame, humiliate, make ashamed, demean, abash

Antonyms: easy, helpful, uncomplicated.

Usage: she wouldn't embarrass either of them by making a

scene

13). Frustration (Noun) ,

Definition: the feeling of being upset or annoyed as a result

of being unable to change or achieve something

Synonyms:

exasperation, annoyance, anger, vexation, irritation, bitternes

s,

resentment

Antonyms: advantage, aid, assistant.

Usage: tears of frustration rolled down her cheeks

14). Litigation (Noun) --

Definition: the process of taking legal action.

Synonyms: legal proceeding(s), legal action, lawsuit, legal

dispute, legal case, case, legal contest

Antonyms: unauthorized.

Usage: the company wishes to avoid litigation

15). Reluctance (Noun)

Definition: unwillingness or disinclination to do something.

Synonyms: unwillingness, disinclination, lack of enthusiasm

Antonyms: willingness, eagerness

Usage: she sensed his reluctance to continue

16). Ambiguity (Noun)

Definition: the quality of being open to more than one

interpretation; inexactness.

Synonyms: ambivalence, equivocation

Antonyms: unambiguousness, transparency

Usage: we can detect no ambiguity in this section of the Act

17). Assuaged (Verb) ,

Definition: make (an unpleasant feeling) less intense.

Synonyms: relieve, ease, alleviate, soothe, mitigate, dampen,

allay, calm, palliate, abate

Antonyms: aggravate, intensify.

Usage: the letter assuaged the fears of most members


1). Blurry (Adjective) --

Definition: perceived or remembered indistinctly.

Synonyms: cloudy, fuzzy.

Antonyms: clear, transparent.

Usage: there's a very blurry line between art and advertising

2). Xenophobic (Adjective) ,

Definition: having or showing a dislike of or prejudice

against people from other countries.

Synonyms: racist, racialist, ethnocentric, ethnocentrist

Antonyms: fair, nice, patience.

Usage: xenophobic attitudes

3). Rhetoric (Noun) --

Definition: the art of effective or persuasive speaking or

writing, especially the exploitation of figures of speech and

other compositional techniques.

Synonyms: oratory, eloquence, power of speech, command

of language, expression

Usage: he is using a common figure of rhetoric, hyperbole

4). Anointed (Verb)

Definition: smear or rub with oil, typically as part of a

religious ceremony.

Synonyms: smear with oil, rub with oil, apply oil to, spread

oil over

Usage: high priests were anointed with oil

5). Philanthropist (Noun)

Definition: a person who seeks to promote the welfare of

others, especially by the generous donation of money to good

causes.

Synonyms:

benefactor, benefactress, humanitarian, patron, patroness, don

or,

contributor

Antonyms: opponent.

Usage: the trust was founded by an American philanthropist

6). Conceived (Verb) --





Definition: form or devise (a plan or idea) in the mind.

Synonyms: think up, think of, come up with, dream up, draw

up, devise, form, formulate

Antonyms: neglect, dislike, avoid.

Usage: the dam project was originally conceived in 1977

7). Surreptitiously (Adverb)

Definition: in a way that attempts to avoid notice or

attention; secretively.

Synonyms: Covertly, Secretly, Privately.

Antonyms: openly, publicly.

Usage: Mary surreptitiously slipped from the room

8). Throttling (Verb)

Definition: attack or kill (someone) by choking or strangling

them.

Synonyms:

choke, strangle, strangulate, garrotte, asphyxiate, smother, suf

focate,

stifle

Antonyms: help, free, let go.

Usage: she was sorely tempted to throttle him

9). Lairage (Noun) --

Definition: a place where cattle or sheep may be rested on

the way to market or slaughter.

Usage: Horses are in lairage.

10). Stridently (Adverb) --

Definition: in an extremely forceful way.

Synonyms: clamorous, clashing, discordant, grating, harsh,

jangling, jarring

Antonyms: quiet, soft, low, mild.

Usage: I stridently opposed the policies of the government

11). Slaughtered (Verb)

Definition: kill (people or animals) in a cruel or violent way,

typically in large numbers.

Synonyms: massacre, murder, butcher, kill, kill off,

annihilate, exterminate, execute, liquidate

Antonyms: create, construction.

Usage: innocent civilians are being slaughtered

12). Sectarianism (Noun)

Definition: excessive attachment to a particular sect or party,

especially in religion.

Synonyms: separatist, dissenter, dissident, nonconformist,

free thinker, renegade, recusant

Antonyms: tolerance, fairness.

Usage: religious sectarianism


1). Capitulated (Verb)

Definition: cease to resist an opponent or an unwelcome

demand; yield.

Synonyms: surrender, give in, yield, admit defeat, concede

defeat, give up the struggle, submit, back down

Antonyms: defend, fight, win.

Usage: the patriots had to capitulate to the enemy forces

2).Undermine (Verb)

Definition: erode the base or foundation of (a rock

formation).

Synonyms: erode, wear away, eat away at, chip away,

undercut erode,

Antonyms: aid, assist.

Usage: the flow of water had undermined pillars supporting

the roof

3). Frayed (Verb)

Definition: unravel or become worn at the edge, typically

through constant rubbing.

Synonyms: unravel, wear, wear thin, wear out, wear away,

wear through, become worn

Antonyms: please, sew.

Usage: cheap fabric soon frays

4). Scuffles (Noun)

Definition: a short, confused fight or struggle at close

quarters.

Synonyms:

fight, struggle, tussle, brawl, fracas, rumpus, melee, free-for-

all, rough and tumble

Antonyms: calm, peace, quiet.

Usage: there were minor scuffles with police

5). Sheer (Adjective)

Definition: nothing other than; unmitigated (used for

emphasis).

Synonyms:

utter, complete, absolute, total, pure, perfect, downright, out-

and-out, thorough

Antonyms: heavy, slow, thick.





Usage: she giggled with sheer delight

6). Ambivalent (Adjective)

Definition: having mixed feelings or contradictory ideas

about something or someone.

Synonyms: equivocal, uncertain, unsure, doubtful,

indecisive, inconclusive, irresolute, in two minds

Antonyms: definite, sure, settled.

Usage: some loved her, some hated her, few were

ambivalent about her

7). Flinging (Verb)

Definition: throw or hurl forcefully.

Synonyms:

throw, toss, sling, hurl, cast, pitch, lob, bowl, launch, flip, shy

, send,

propel

Antonyms: continue, keep, load.

Usage: he picked up the debris and flung it away

8). Inexplicable (Adjective)

Definition: unable to be explained or accounted for.

Synonyms:

unaccountable, unexplainable, incomprehensible, unfathomab

le,

impenetrable, insoluble

Antonyms: usual, regular.

Usage: for some inexplicable reason her mind went

completely blank

9). Extravaganza (Noun) --

Definition: an elaborate and spectacular entertainment or

production.

Synonyms:

spectacular, display, spectacle, exhibition, performance, prese

ntation ,show

Antonyms: reality, truth, hining.

Usage: an extravaganza of dance in many forms

10). Abduction (Noun)

Definition: the action of forcibly taking someone away

against their will.

Synonyms: Rape, Seizure, Theft.

Antonyms: give, give up, release.

Usage: they organized the abduction of Mr Cordes on his

way to the airport

11). Chilling (Verb) --

Definition: horrify or frighten (someone).

Synonyms:

scare, frighten, petrify, terrify, alarm, appal, disturb, disquiet,

unsettle

Antonyms: warm, comfort.

Usage: the city was chilled by the violence

12). Nomadic (Adjective)

Definition: living the life of a nomad; wandering.

Synonyms: Pastoral, Peripatetic, wandering, drifting.

Antonyms: native, settle.

Usage: nomadic herdsmen

13). Insinuation (Noun)

Definition: an unpleasant hint or suggestion of something

bad.

Synonyms:

implication, inference, suggestion, hint, intimation, imputatio

n, innuendo, reference

Antonyms: conceal, hide.

Usage: I've done nothing to deserve all your vicious

insinuations

14). Anxieties (Noun)

Definition: a feeling of worry, nervousness, or unease about

something with an uncertain outcome.

Synonyms: worry, concern, apprehension, apprehensiveness,

consternation, uneasiness

Antonyms: happy, joy, peaceful.

Usage: he felt a surge of anxiety

15). Tussle (Noun)

Definition: a vigorous struggle or scuffle, typically in order

to obtain or achieve something.

Synonyms:

scuffle, fight, struggle, skirmish, brawl, scrimmage, scramble

, scrum,

fisticuffs

Antonyms: peace, accord.

Usage: there was a tussle for the ball


1). Obscure (Adjective)

Definition: not discovered or known about; uncertain.

Synonyms: unclear, uncertain, unknown, in doubt, doubtful,

dubious, mysterious, hazy





Antonyms: famous, renowned

Usage: his origins and parentage are obscure

2). Carnage (Noun)

Definition: the killing of a large number of people.

Synonyms: slaughter, massacre, mass murder, mass

destruction, butchery,

bloodbath, indiscriminate

Antonyms: peace, joy.

Usage: the bombing was timed to cause as much carnage as

possible

3). Mishap (Noun)

Definition: an unlucky accident.

Synonyms:

accident, trouble, problem, difficulty, issue, setback, reverse,

adversity

Antonyms: proof, certainty, boon.

Usage: although there were a few minor mishaps, none of

the pancakes stuck to the ceiling

4). Blips (Noun)

Definition: an unexpected, minor, and typically temporary

deviation from a general trend.

Synonyms: blow, shock

Usage: the Chancellor dismissed rising inflation as a blip

5). Ghastly (Adjective)

Definition: causing great horror or fear.

Synonyms: terrible, frightful, horrible, grim, awful, dire

Antonyms: good, beautiful.

Usage: one of the most ghastly crimes ever committed

6). Amendments (Noun)

Definition: a minor change or addition designed to improve a

text, piece of legislation

Synonyms: revision, alteration, change, modification,

qualification, adaptation, adjustment

Antonyms: damage, harm, hurt.

Usage: an amendment to existing bail laws

7). Deprived (Adjective)

Definition: suffering a severe and damaging lack of basic

material and cultural benefits.

Synonyms: disadvantaged, underprivileged, poverty-

stricken, impoverished, poor, destitute

Antonyms: rich, wealthy.

Usage: the charity cares for destitute and deprived children

8). Pandering (Verb)

Definition: gratify or indulge (an immoral or distasteful

desire or taste or a person with such a desire or taste)

Synonyms: indulge, gratify, satisfy, cater to, give in

to, fulfil, yield to, bow newspapers are pandering to people's

baser instincts to, humour, please.

Antonyms: anger, deny, refuse.

Usage: newspapers are pandering to people's baser instincts

9). Clamour (Noun)

Definition: a loud and confused noise, especially that of

people shouting.

Synonyms: din, racket, loud

noise, uproar, tumult, babel, shouting, yelling, screaming

Antonyms: silence, peace.

Usage: the questions rose to a clamour

10). Discernible (Adjective)

Definition: able to be discerned; perceptible.

Synonyms: visible, detectable, noticeable, perceptible,

observable, perceivable, distinguishable

Antonyms: Discernible

Usage: the scandal had no discernible effect on his career


1). Vestige (Noun)

Definition: a trace or remnant of something that is

disappearing or no longer exists

Synonyms:

remnant, remainder, fragment, relic, echo, indication, sign, tr

ace

Antonyms: information, lot.

Usage: the last vestiges of colonialism

2). Allure (Noun)

Definition: the quality of being powerfully and mysteriously

attractive or fascinating.

Synonyms: attraction, lure, draw, pull, appeal, glamour,

allurement, enticement

Antonyms: repulsion, opposition.

Usage: people for whom gold holds no allure

3). Frontrunner (Noun)

Definition: the contestant that is leading in a race or other

competition.





Synonyms: competitor, favourite, rival, contender, favourite,

competition, challenger.

Antonyms: dislike, unwilling.

Usage: the front runner for the presidential nomination

4). Unprecedented (Adjective)

Definition: never done or known before.

Synonyms:

unparalleled, unequalled, unmatched, unrivalled, without

parallel, without equal.

Antonyms: normal, common.

Usage: the government took the unprecedented step of

releasing confidential correspondence

5). Aberration (Noun)

Definition: a departure from what is normal, usual, or

expected, typically an unwelcome one.

Synonyms: anomaly, deviation, divergence, abnormality,

irregularity, variation, digression, freak

Antonyms: usual, regular, normal.

Usage: they described the outbreak of violence in the area as

an aberration

6). Devastating (Adjective)

Definition: causing severe shock, distress, or grief.

Synonyms:

shattering, shocking, traumatic, overwhelming, crushing, extr

emely upsetting

Antonyms: casual, fortunate.

Usage: the news came as a devastating blow

7). Ascertain (Verb)

Definition: find (something) out for certain; make sure of.

Synonyms: find out, discover, get/come to know, work

out, make out, fathom (out), become aware of.

Antonyms: disprove, assist, confuse.

Usage: an attempt to ascertain the cause of the accident

8). Requisite (Adjective)

Definition: made necessary by particular circumstances or

regulations.

Synonyms: necessary, required, prerequisite, essential,

indispensable, vital

Antonyms: optional, unnecessary, non-essential

Usage: the application will not be processed until the

requisite fee is paid

9). Flouted (Verb)

Definition: openly disregard (a rule, law, or convention).

Synonyms: defy, refuse to obey, go against, rebel

against, scorn, disdain, show contempt for.

Antonyms: observe, follow.

Usage: the advertising code is being flouted

10). Chant (Noun)

Definition: a repeated rhythmic phrase, typically one shouted

or sung in unison by a crowd.

Synonyms: shout, cry, slogan, rallying call, war

cry, chorus, chanting

Antonyms: happy, joy.

Usage: a group of young people set up a chant of Why are

we waiting?

11). Bravado (Noun)

Definition: a bold manner or a show of boldness intended to

impress or intimidate.

Synonyms: boldness, bold

manner, swagger, swaggering, bluster, swashbuckling

Antonyms: modesty, fear

Usage: he possesses none of the classic wheeler-dealer's

casual bravado

12). Monstrous (Adjective)

Definition: having the ugly or frightening appearance of a

monster.

Synonyms: grotesque, hideous, ugly, ghastly, gruesome,

horrible, horrid, horrific

Antonyms: lovely, beautiful, normal

Usage: monstrous, bug-eyed fish

13). Brute (Noun)

Definition: a savagely violent man or animal.

Synonyms:

savage, beast, monster, animal, sadist, barbarian, devil, demo

n, fiend

Antonyms: gentle, mild, weak.

Usage: he was a cold-blooded brute

14). Misery (Noun) ,

Definition: a state or feeling of great physical or mental

distress or discomfort.

Synonyms:

unhappiness, distress, wretchedness, hardship, suffering, affli

ction,





anguish, anxiety

Antonyms: contentment, pleasure

Usage: a man who had brought her nothing but misery


1). Bracing (Adjective)

Definition: fresh and invigorating.

Synonyms:

invigorating, refreshing, stimulating, energizing, exhilarating,

enlivening,

revivin

Antonyms: warm, hot, responsive.

Usage: the bracing sea air

2). Peers (Verb) /

Definition: look with difficulty or concentration at someone

or something.

Synonyms: squint, look closely/earnestly, try to see, look

through narrowed eyes, narrow one's eye

Antonyms: clear, broad minded.

Usage: Faye peered at her with suspicion

3). Bruising (Verb)

Definition: hurt (someone's feelings).

Synonyms:

upset, offend, insult, affront, hurt, wound, pain, injure, crush,

displease,

peeve

Antonyms: heel, aid, help.

Usage: she tried to bolster her bruised pride

4). Fallout (Noun)

Definition: the adverse results of a situation or action.

Synonyms: outgrowth, consequence, offshoot.

Antonyms: suppress, decrease.

Usage: he's prepared to take calculated risks regardless of

political fallout

5). Manoeuvre (Noun) --

Definition: carefully guide or manipulate (someone or

something) in order to achieve an end.

Synonyms: intrigue, plot, scheme, plan, lay

plans, conspire, pull strings

Antonyms:

operation, exercise, activity, move, movement, action

Usage: they were manoeuvring him into betraying his friend

6). Bluster (Verb)

Definition: talk in a loud, aggressive, or indignant way with

little effect.

Synonyms: rant, thunder; boast, brag, swagger

Antonyms: quiet, silent.

Usage: you threaten and bluster, but won't carry it through

7). Glut (Noun)

Definition: an excessively abundant supply of something.

Synonyms:

surplus, excess, surfeit, superfluity, overabundance, superabu

ndance

Antonyms: dearth, scarcity

Usage: there is a glut of cars on the market

8). Allying (Verb)

Definition: combine or unite a resource or commodity with

(another) for mutual benefit.

Synonyms: combine, marry, couple, merge, amalgamate,

join, pool, fuse

Antonyms: away, far, unalike.

Usage: he allied his racing experience with his father's

business acumen

9). Reluctant (Adjective) --

Definition: unwilling and hesitant; disinclined.

Synonyms:

unwilling, disinclined, unenthusiastic, grudging, resistant, res

isting,

opposed

Antonyms: careless, bold.

Usage: today, many ordinary people are still reluctant to talk

about politics

10). Ostensibly (Adverb)

Definition: as appears or is stated to be true, though not

necessarily so; apparently.

Synonyms: apparently, seemingly, on the face of it, to all

appearances, on the surface Antonyms: unlikely,

improbably.

Usage: the party secretary resigned, ostensibly from ill

health

11). Credentials (Noun)

Definition: a qualification, achievement, quality, or aspect of

a person's background, especially when used to indicate their

suitability for something.





Synonyms: documents, papers, identity

papers, identification papers, bona fides

Antonyms: disapprove, refuse.

Usage: recruitment is based mainly on academic credentials

EDITORIAL 18-04-2018

1). Procurement (Noun)

Definition: the action of obtaining or procuring something.

Synonyms: acquisition, acquirement, appropriation,

attainment

Antonyms: fail, forfeit.

Usage: financial assistance for the procurement of legal

advice

2). Unremunerative (Adjective) --

Definition: bringing little or no profit or income.

Synonyms: Profitless, nonprofit, worthless

Antonyms: benefit, gain, profit.

Usage: unremunerative research work

3). Clamour (Noun)

Definition: a loud and confused noise, especially that of

people shouting.

Synonyms: din, racket, loud noise, uproar, tumult, babel,

shouting, yelling, screaming

Antonyms: peace, silence.

Usage: the questions rose to a clamour

4). Evoked (Verb)

Definition: bring or recall (a feeling, memory, or image) to

the conscious mind.

Synonyms: bring to mind, call to mind, put one in mind of,

call up, conjure up, summon up

Antonyms: forgot.

Usage: the sight evoked pleasant memories of his childhood

5). Outrage (Noun)

Definition: an extremely strong reaction of anger, shock, or

indignation.

Synonyms:

indignation, fury, anger, rage, disapproval, wrath, shock, rese

ntment, horror

Antonyms: favour, like, wish, honour.

Usage: her voice trembled with outrage

6). Ghastly (Adjective)

Definition: causing great horror or fear.

Synonyms: terrible, frightful, horrible, grim, awful, dire

Antonyms: beautiful, good, delight.

Usage: one of the most ghastly crimes ever committed

7). Outcry (Noun)

Definition: a strong expression of public disapproval or

anger.

Synonyms: complaints, howls of protest, objections,

indignation, furore, clamour, clamouring

Antonyms: great, nice, pleasant.

Usage: the public outcry over the bombing

8). Dichotomy (Noun)

Definition: a division or contrast between two things that are

or are represented as being opposed or entirely different.

Synonyms: division, separation, divorce, split, gulf, chasm

Antonyms: agreement, likenes.

Usage: a rigid dichotomy between science and mysticism

9). Vengeful (Adjective)

Definition: seeking to harm someone in return for a

perceived injury.

Synonyms: vindictive, revengeful, out for revenge, avenging,

unforgiving, resentful

Antonyms: agreeable, kind, nice.

Usage: a vengeful ex-con

10). Clamoured (Verb)

Definition: (of a group of people) shout loudly and

insistently.

Synonyms: yell, shout loudly, bay, scream, shriek, roar

Antonyms: silence, calm.

Usage: the surging crowds clamoured for attention

11). Arbitrariness (Noun)

Definition: the quality of being based on random choice or

personal whim, rather than any reason or system.

Synonyms: random, irrational, irresponsible.

Antonyms: democratic, accountable, radical.

Usage: disparate peoples were forced together by the

arbitrariness of a colonial map-maker's pen

12). Penitence (Noun) ,

Definition: the action of feeling or showing sorrow and

regret for having done wrong; repentance.





Synonyms:

repentance, contrition, compunction, regret, remorse, remorse

fulness

Antonyms: approval, comfort, happiness.

Usage: a public display of penitence


1). Acquittal (Noun)

Definition: a judgement or verdict that a person is not guilty

of the crime with which they have been charged.

Synonyms:

absolution, clearing, exoneration, exculpation, declaration of

innocence

Antonyms: blame, hold.

Usage: the trial resulted in an acquittal

2). Cynicism (Noun)

Definition: an inclination to believe that people are

motivated purely by self-interest; scepticism.

Synonyms:

scepticism, doubt, distrust, mistrust, doubtfulness, suspicion,

disbelief,

incredulity

Antonyms: belief, certainty, faith.

Usage: public cynicism about politics

3). Prosecuting (Verb)

Definition: institute legal proceedings in respect of (a claim

or offence).

Synonyms: take to court, bring/institute legal proceedings

against, bring an action against, take legal action against

Antonyms: free, stop, cease.

Usage: the state's attorney's office seemed to decide that this

was a case worth prosecuting

4). Shattered (Verb)

Definition: break or cause to break suddenly and violently

into pieces.

Synonyms: smash, smash to smithereens, break, break into

pieces, burst, blow out

Antonyms: joint, merge, combain.

Usage: bullets riddled the bar top, glasses shattered, bottles

exploded

5). Incarceration (Noun)

Definition: the state of being confined in prison;

imprisonment.

Synonyms: imprisonment, internment, confinement,

detention, custody, captivity, restraint

Antonyms: freedom, free.

Usage: the public would not be served by her incarceration

6). Perpetrators (Noun)

Definition: a person who carries out a harmful, illegal, or

immoral act.

Synonyms: The criminal, Offender, the delinquent

Usage: the perpetrators of this horrific crime must be

brought to justice

7). Bolstered (Verb)

Definition: support or strengthen.

Synonyms: strengthen, support, reinforce, make

stronger, boost, fortify, give a boost to

Antonyms: undermine.

Usage: the fall in interest rates is starting to bolster

confidence

8). Inevitable (adjective) ,

Definition: certain to happen; unavoidable.

Synonyms: unavoidable, inescapable, bound to happen, sure

to happen, inexorable

Antonyms: avoidable, uncertain

Usage: war was inevitable

9). Irresolute (Adjective) ,

Definition: showing or feeling hesitancy; uncertain.

Synonyms: indecisive, hesitant, tentative, nervous, weak

Antonyms: decisive, judgement.

Usage: she stood irresolute outside his door

10). Replenishing (Verb)

Definition: restore (a stock or supply) to a former level or

condition.

Synonyms: stock up, restock, restore, fill up, make up

Antonyms: empty, exhaust, use up

Usage: all creatures need sleep to replenish their energies

11). Throes (Noun)

Definition: intense or violent pain and struggle, especially

accompanying birth, death, or great change.

Synonyms: agony, pain, paroxysm, pangs, suffering, torture,

torment, anguish, distress, hardship

Antonyms: comfort, health, order.

Usage: he convulsed in his death throes





12). Reluctant (Adjective) --

Definition: unwilling and hesitant; disinclined.

Synonyms:

unwilling, disinclined, unenthusiastic, grudging, resistant, res

isting,

opposed

Antonyms:

Usage: today, many ordinary people are still reluctant to talk

about politics

13). Deploy (Verb)

Definition: move (troops or equipment) into position for

military action.

Synonyms:

position, station, post, place, install, locate, situate, site, estab

lish

Antonyms: stable, bold, permanamt.

Usage: forces were deployed at strategic locations

14). Gambit (Noun)

Definition: an act or remark that is calculated to gain an

advantage, especially at the outset of a situation.

Synonyms:

stratagem, machination, scheme, plan, tactic, manoeuvre, mo

ve, course of action

Antonyms: honesty, frankness.

Usage: his resignation was a tactical gambit

15). Hoarding (Noun)

Definition: a temporary board fence erected round a building

site.

Synonyms: store, store up, stock up on, stockpile, put aside,

put by, put away, lay by, lay in, lay up, set aside, stow away,

buy up, cache

Antonyms: squander.

Usage: thousands of antiques hoarded by a compulsive

collector

16). Perpetuating (Verb)

Definition: make (something) continue indefinitely.

Synonyms: keep alive, keep going, keep in

existence, preserve, conserve, sustain, maintain

Antonyms: temporary, not stable.

Usage: the confusion was perpetuated through inadvertence


1). Manifestation (Noun) --

Definition: an event, action, or object that clearly shows or

embodies something abstract or theoretical

Synonyms: display, demonstration, showing, show,

exhibition, presentation

Antonyms: concealment, realty.

Usage: the manifestation of anxiety over disease

2). Spurt (Verb)

Definition: gush out in a sudden and forceful stream.

Synonyms: squirt, shoot, spray, fountain, jet, erupt; gush

Antonyms: peace, continuity.

Usage: he cut his finger, and blood spurted over the sliced

potatoes

3). Replenish (Verb)

Definition: fill (something) up again

Synonyms: refill, top up, fill up, recharge, reload; freshen

Antonyms: damage, empty, null.

Usage: he replenished Justin's glass with mineral water

4). Abound (Verb) --

Definition: exist in large numbers or amounts

Synonyms: be plentiful, be abundant, be numerous,

proliferate

Antonyms: fail, lack, small.

Usage: rumors of a further scandal abound

5). Gambit (Noun)

Definition: an act or remark that is calculated to gain an

advantage

Synonyms: machination, scheme, plan, tactic, manoeuvre,

move

Antonyms: random, approximate.

Usage: his resignation was a tactical gambit

6). Perpetuate (Verb)

Definition: make (something) continue indefinitely

Synonyms: keep alive, keep going, keep in existence,

preserve, conserve

Antonyms: halt, stop, end.

Usage: the confusion was perpetuated through inadvertence

7). Opaque (Adjective) --

Definition: not able to be seen through; not transparent





Synonyms: non-transparent, cloudy, filmy, blurred, smeared,

hazy

Antonyms: bright, transparent, smart.

Usage: bottles filled with a pale opaque liquid

8). Revamp (Adjective)

Definition: give new and improved form, structure, or

appearance to

Synonyms: renovate, redecorate, refurbish, recondition,

rehabilitate, rebuild

Antonyms: break, damage, destroy.

Usage: an attempt to revamp the museum's image

9). Ambit (Noun) --

Definition: the scope, extent, or bounds of something

Synonyms: scope, extent, bounds, confines, limits, range,

breadth, width, reach, sweep, purview, span, stretch

Antonyms: no limit, infinity.

Usage: a full discussion of this complex issue was beyond

the ambit of one book

10). Redound (Verb)

Definition: contribute greatly to (a person's credit or honour)

Synonyms: contribute to, be conducive to, result in, lead to,

effect

Antonyms: source.

Usage: his latest diplomatic effort will redound to his credit


1). Ancestry (Noun)

Definition: one's family or ethnic descent.

Synonyms: ancestors, forebears, forefathers, progenitors

Antonyms: origin, end, result.

Usage: he was proud of his Irish ancestry

2). Repatriate (Verb)

Definition: send (someone) back to their own country.

Synonyms: intromit, admit, let in, allow in

Antonyms: refugee.

Usage: the last German POWs were repatriated in

November 1948

3). Persecution (Noun) --

Definition: hostility and ill-treatment, especially because of

race or political or religious beliefs

Synonyms: oppression, victimization, maltreatment, ill

treatment, mistreatment

Antonyms: happiness, joy.

Usage: her family fled religious persecution

4). Hazardous (Adjective)

Definition: risky; dangerous

Synonyms: dangerous, risky, unsafe, perilous, precarious,

insecure, tricky

Antonyms: beneficiary, healthy good.

Usage: we work in hazardous conditions

5). Succour (Noun)

Definition: assistance and support in times of hardship and

distress

Synonyms: aid, help, a helping hand, assistance;

ministration, comfort, ease

Antonyms: obstruction, hurt.

Usage: the wounded had little chance of succour

6). Conducive (Adjective)

Definition: making a certain situation or outcome likely or

possible.

Synonyms: good for, helpful to, instrumental in, calculated

to produce, productive of

Antonyms: useless, worthless, adverse.

Usage: the harsh lights and cameras were hardly conducive

to a relaxed atmosphere

7). Surmise (Verb)

Definition: suppose that something is true without having

evidence to confirm it.

Synonyms: guess, conjecture, suspect, deduce, infer, come to

the conclusion, conclude

Antonyms: fact, proof, truth, certainty.

Usage: he surmised that something must be wrong

8). Entail (Adjective)

Definition: involve (something) as a necessary or inevitable

part or consequence.

Synonyms: necessitate, make necessary, require, need,

demand, call for; presuppose

Antonyms: exclude, untangle, untwist.

Usage: a situation which entails considerable risks

9). Arbitrary (Adjective)





Definition: based on random choice or personal whim, rather

than any reason or system

Synonyms: capricious, whimsical, random, chance, erratic,

unpredictable, inconsistent

Antonyms: rational, reasoned

Usage: an arbitrary decision

10). Proximity (Noun)

Definition: nearness in space, time, or relationship

Synonyms: closeness, nearness, presence, juxtaposition,

propinquity, adjacency

Antonyms: distance, remoteness.

Usage: do not operate microphones in close proximity to

television sets


1). Confrontation (Noun) -

Definition: a hostile or argumentative situation or meeting

between opposing parties.

Synonyms: conflict, clash, brush, fight, battle, contest,

encounter, head-to-head, face-off

Antonyms: agreement, calm, peace.

Usage: a confrontation with the legislature

2). Impeach (Verb)

Definition: call into question the integrity or validity of (a

practice).

Synonyms: challenge, question, call into question, cast doubt

on, raise doubts about

Antonyms: absolve, exonerate, answer.

Usage: there is no desire to impeach the privileges of the

House of Commons

3). Dissent (Noun)

Definition: the holding or expression of opinions at variance

with those commonly or officially held.

Synonyms: disagreement, lack of agreement, difference of

opinion, argument, dispute, demur

Antonyms: agree, assent

Usage: there was no dissent from this view

4). Simmering (Verb)

Definition: show or feel barely suppressed anger or other

strong emotion.

Synonyms: be furious, be enraged, be angry, be incensed, be

infuriated, be beside oneself

Antonyms: be happy, cool, soothe, freeze.

Usage: she was simmering with resentment

5). Ramifications (Noun)

Definition: a complex or unwelcome consequence of an

action or event.

Synonyms: consequence, result, aftermath, outcome, effect,

upshot, issue, sequel

Antonyms: source, origin, cause.

Usage: any change is bound to have legal ramifications

6). Insinuations (Noun)

Definition: an unpleasant hint or suggestion of something

bad.

Synonyms:

implication, inference, suggestion, hint, intimation, imputatio

n,

innuendo, reference

Antonyms: conceal, leave alone, hide.

Usage: I've done nothing to deserve all your vicious

insinuations

7). Bribery (Noun) --

Definition: the giving or offering of a bribe.

Synonyms: corruption, subornation.

Antonyms: mortality, probity, frankness.

Usage: his opponent had been guilty of bribery and

corruption

8). Prerogative (Noun) --

Definition: a right or privilege exclusive to a particular

individual or class.

Synonyms:

entitlement, right, privilege, advantage, due, birthright

Antonyms: duty, obligation.

Usage: in some countries, higher education is predominantly

the prerogative of the rich

9). Perceived (Verb)

Definition: become aware or conscious of (something); come

to realize or understand.

Synonyms: discern, recognize, become cognizant

of, become aware of, become conscious of

Antonyms: disbelieve, disregard, ignore, miss,

misunderstand

Usage: his mouth fell open as he perceived the truth

10). Rift (Noun)





Definition: a crack, split, or break in something.

Synonyms:

crack, fault, flaw, split, break, breach, fissure, fracture, cleft,

crevice,

gap, cranny, slit

Antonyms: closure, closing, continuation, solid, agreement,

concordance

Usage: the wind had torn open a rift in the clouds

11). Imperil (Verb)

Definition: put at risk of being harmed, injured, or destroyed.

Synonyms: endanger, jeopardize, risk, put at risk, put in

danger, expose to danger, put in jeopardy

Antonyms: help, risk, hazard, risk.

Usage: they advised against tax increases for fear of

imperilling the recovery

12). Dispensed (Verb)

Definition: distribute or provide (a service or information) to

a number of people.

Synonyms: distribute, pass round, pass out, hand out, deal

out, dole out, share out, divide out

Antonyms: Collect, Include, keep.

Usage: orderlies went round dispensing drinks

13). Charm (Noun)

Definition: the power or quality of delighting, attracting, or

fascinating others.

Synonyms:

attractiveness, beauty, glamour, prettiness, loveliness

Antonyms: Unattractiveness, repel.

Usage: he was captivated by her youthful charm

14). Bolstered (Verb)

Definition: support or strengthen.

Synonyms: strengthen, support, reinforce, make

stronger, boost, fortify, give a boost to

Antonyms: Week, glassy, fullness.

Usage: the fall in interest rates is starting to bolster

confidence

15). Egalitarian (Adjective)

Definition: believing in or based on the principle that all

people are equal and deserve equal rights and opportunities.

Synonyms: democratic, equitable, impartial, just, unbiased

Antonyms: snob, snoot.

Usage: a fairer, more egalitarian society


1). Authoritarianism (Noun)

Definition: favouring or enforcing strict obedience to

authority at the expense of personal freedom.

Synonyms:

autocratic, dictatorial, totalitarian, despotic, tyrannical, autarc

hic,

draconian, absolute

Antonyms: democratic, liberal, lenient, permissive

Usage: the transition from an authoritarian to a democratic

regime

2). Plebiscite (Noun) -

Definition: the direct vote of all the members of an electorate

on an important public question such as a change in the

constitution.

Synonyms: vote, referendum, ballot, poll

Usage: the administration will hold a plebiscite for the

approval of constitutional reforms

3). Detention (Noun)

Definition: the action of detaining someone or the state of

being detained in official custody.

Synonyms:

custody, imprisonment, confinement, incarceration, internme

nt, captivity, restraint, arrest

Antonyms: aid, custody, delay, help.

Usage: the fifteen people arrested were still in police

detention

4). Soaring (Verb)

Definition: increase rapidly above the usual level.

Synonyms: increase rapidly, shoot up, rise

rapidly, escalate, spiral upwards

Antonyms: decrease, drop, decline, fall.

Usage: the cost of living continued to soar

5). Averting (Verb)

Definition: turn away (one's eyes or thoughts).

Synonyms: turn aside, turn away, turn to one side

Antonyms: aid, assist, help.

Usage: she averted her eyes while we made stilted

conversation

6). Cite (Verb) --





Definition: praise (someone, typically a member of the

armed forces) in an official report for a courageous act.

Synonyms: commend, pay tribute to, praise, recognize, give

recognition to

Antonyms: conceal, deny, take, withhold, forget.

Usage: he has been cited many times for his contributions in

the intelligence area

7). Prelude (Noun)

Definition: an action or event serving as an introduction to

something more important.

Synonyms:

preliminary, overture, opening, preparation, introduction, star

t, beginning

Antonyms: Conclusion, postscript.

Usage: a ceasefire had been agreed as a prelude to full peace

negotiations

8). Enclave (Noun) -- ,

Definition: a place or group that is different in character

from those surrounding it.

Synonyms: distinct, vary, different.

Antonyms: same, similar, alike, close, near, homogeneous.

Usage: the engineering department is traditionally a male

enclave

9). Insurgency (Noun)

Definition: an active revolt or uprising.

Synonyms: activist, protest, radical, rebel.

Antonyms: loyal, government

Usage: rebels are waging an armed insurgency to topple the

monarchy

10). Dissent (Noun)

Definition: the holding or expression of opinions at variance

with those commonly or officially held.

Synonyms: disagreement, lack of agreement, difference of

opinion, argument, dispute

Antonyms: assent, agree, accept

Usage: there was no dissent from this view

11). Salvage (Verb)

Definition: rescue (a wrecked or disabled ship or its cargo)

from loss at sea.

Synonyms: rescue, save, recover, retrieve, raise, reclaim, get

back

Antonyms: lose, forfeit, harm, hurt, abandon.

Usage: an emerald and gold cross was salvaged from the

wreck

12). Manoeuvring (Verb)

Definition: move skilfully or carefully.

Synonyms: steer, guide, drive, negotiate, navigate, pilot,

direct, manipulate, move

Antonyms: ignorance, inaction, stoppage, honesty.

Usage: the lorry was unable to manoeuvre comfortably in

the narrow street

13). Beleaguered (Verb)

Definition: put in a very difficult situation.

Synonyms: hard-pressed, troubled, in difficulties, under

pressure, under stress, with one's back to

Antonyms: assist, aid, make happy, assist.

Usage: the board is supporting the beleaguered director

14). Viable (Adjective)

Definition: capable of working successfully; feasible.

Synonyms: workable, feasible, practicable, practical,

applicable, usable, manageable, operable, operational,

possible

Antonyms: impracticable, impossible, unfeasible.

Usage: the proposed investment was economically viable


1). Delineate (Verb)

Definition: describe or portray (something) precisely.

Synonyms: describe, set forth, set out, present, outline,

depict, portray, represent

Antonyms: Confuse, Distort.

Usage: the law should delineate and prohibit behaviour

which is socially abhorrent

2). Contours (Noun)

Definition: an outline representing or bounding the shape or

form of something.

Synonyms: outline, shape, form

Antonyms: Core, Affection, Centre.

Usage: she traced the contours of his face with her finger

3). Conjecture (Noun)

Definition: an opinion or conclusion formed on the basis of

incomplete information.

Synonyms:

guess, speculation, surmise, fancy, notion, belief, suspicion





Antonyms: fact, truth, known.

Usage: conjectures about the newcomer were many and

varied

4). Signatories (Noun) --

Definition: a party that has signed an agreement, especially a

state that has signed a treaty.

Synonyms: witness, certifier, oath.

Usage: Britain is a signatory to the convention

5). Veracity (Noun)

Definition: conformity to facts; accuracy.

Synonyms:

truthfulness, truth, accuracy, accurateness, correctness, exact

ness

Antonyms: falsehood, unfairness, deceit.

Usage: officials expressed doubts concerning the veracity of

the story

6). Indelible (Adjective)

Definition: making marks that cannot be removed.

Synonyms:

ineradicable, inerasable, ineffaceable, unexpungeable, indestr

uctible, permanent

Antonyms: Temporary, erasable, eradicable.

Usage: an indelible marker pen

7). Promulgation (Verb)

Definition: to make known by open declaration

Synonyms: publish; proclaim formally or put into operation

Antonyms: hide, keep secrete, keep quiet, collect.

Usage: Modi promulgated a new order.

8). Absconding (Verb)

Definition: leave hurriedly and secretly, typically to escape

from custody or avoid arrest.

Synonyms: run away, escape, bolt, clear out, flee, make off,

take flight, take off, fly, decamp

Antonyms: wait, remains, joint, appear.

Usage: the barman absconded with a week's takings

9). Misdemeanours (Noun)

Definition: a minor wrongdoing.

Synonyms: wrongdoing, evil deed, crime, felony, criminal

act

Antonyms: goodness, loyal, trustable.

Usage: the player can expect a suspension for his latest

misdemeanour

10). Consternation (Noun)

Definition: a feeling of anxiety or dismay, typically at

something unexpected.

Synonyms: dismay, perturbation, anxiety, distress, disquiet,

disquietude, discomposure

Antonyms: Calm, Composure, Confidence, Peaceful.

Usage: to her consternation her car wouldn't start

11). Defunct (Adjective)

Definition: no longer existing or functioning.

Synonyms: disused, no longer in use, unused, inoperative,

non-functioning, unusable

Antonyms: working, extant, alive, living

Usage: the now defunct Somerset & Dorset railway line

12). Crawling (Verb) --

Definition: behave obsequiously or ingratiatingly in the hope

of gaining someone's favour.

Synonyms: grovel to, be obsequious towards, ingratiate

oneself with, be servile towards, be sycophantic towards

Antonyms: oppose, disagreement.

Usage: a reporter's job can involve crawling to objectionable

people


1). Ambit (Noun)

Definition: the scope, extent, or bounds of something.

Synonyms: Circut, scope, range, reach.

Antonyms: No limit, without end.

Usage: a full discussion of this complex issue was beyond

the ambit of one book

2). Abrogating (Verb) --

Definition: repeal or do away with (a law, right, or formal

agreement).

Synonyms:

repudiate, revoke, repeal, rescind, overturn, overrule, overrid

e, do away with

Antonyms: institute, introduce

Usage: a proposal to abrogate temporarily the right to strike

3). Brunt (Noun)

Definition: the worst part or chief impact of a specified

action.



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