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Importance of Standardisation – The Business Case. DKE 952 Dortmund, 26. August, 2003 Wolfgang Maerz MCC [email protected]. The IEC. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Importance of Standardisation – The
Business Case
DKE 952Dortmund, 26. August, 2003Wolfgang [email protected]
Founded in 1906, the International Electrotechnical Commission prepares and publishes international standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies. The Commission’s objectives are to:
meet the requirements of the global market efficiently;
ensure primacy and maximum world-wide use of its standards and conformity assessment schemes
assess and improve the quality of products and services covered by its standards
establish the conditions for the interoperability of complex systems
increase the efficiency of industrial processes
contribute to the improvement of human health and safety
contribute to the protection of the environment
The IEC
WTO and IEC
The World Trade Organisation‘s (WTO)
„Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade“ (TBT)
makes standardization and theassessment to conformity of standardsan important part of the global trade agenda andcites the IEC As one of themajor partners to establish standards for trade.
IEC TC 57Power System Control and associated Communications
IEC TC 57Power System Control and associated Communications
Secretary: Dr Andreas Huber(Siemens, Germany)
Chairman: Mr Thierry Lefebvre (EdF, France)
Scope
To prepare international standards for power system control equipment and systems - including EMS, SCADA, Distribution Automation, Teleprotection and associated communications such as power line carrier - used in the planning,
operation and maintenance of electric power systems.
Power systems control comprises control within control centres, RTUs and substations including telecontrol and interfaces to equipment, systems and
databases outside the scope of TC57.
TC 57 consists of 24 P-member and 11 O-member countries
Power Generators 380 / 220 kV and higher
Transmission
Bulk Supply Point 30 kV
Distribution
Grid Supply Point 110 kV
Secondary Distribution
Primary Distribution
Industrial Distribution Urban Distribution
10 kV
Rural Distribution
Control Centres
- Transmission- Distribution- Energy management- Asset management- Trouble call- etc
- transmission- primary- secondary- etc
substations
Standard domain of IEC TC 57
Power System Communication Architecture
CIM - Common Information Model
Administrative Services
OMObject Models
SMService Models
CPCommunication Profiles
CF
LC
onfig
urat
ion
Lan
guag
e
SE
CS
ecur
ity
CN
MN
etw
ork
Ma
nage
men
t
Application DomainCommunicationLevel
Serial interfaces in primary equipment
Primary EquipmentSubstation (PES)
Distributed EnergyResources (DER)
Power Model
SA
SC
AD
A
SA
Sw
itch
es
SA
Po
we
r T
ran
sfo
rme
r
SA
C/V
Tra
nsfo
rme
r
DP
Win
d tu
rbin
es
DP
Ph
oto
volta
ic
DP
Fu
el c
ells
Content
From interfaces to architectures
The notion of Communication Interfaces The development of Communication Interfaces over the time The evolving of Communication Architectures The future seamless Communication Architecture
The importance of international standards for
Economy of countries Multinational vendor corporations Small-to-medium-sized vendor enterprises System operators (users) Energy market participants
From Standards to Business
World Electricity Market – 2,385 Billion € 1)
11,5
17,8
4,74,1
38,2
1,33,05,4
6,2
7,8
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
% share
Other
Consumer Electronics
Houshold Appliances
Luminaires & Lamps
Medical Systems
Information Technologyand CommunicationsCar Electric & Electronics
Measuring & Automation
Energy & InstallationEquipmentComponents
425 Billion €
112 Billion €
911 Billion €
1) 1999
influences
12,0
2,0
4,5
5,5
12,5
3,5
2,52,0
2,5 2,5
0 %
2 %
4 %
6 %
8 %
10 %
12 %
14 %
% growth/ a
World Electricity Market – growth rate in %/ a 1)
1) 1999
Other
Consumer Electronics
Houshold Appliances
Luminaires & Lamps
Medical Systems
Information Technologyand CommunicationsCar Electric & Electronics
Measuring & Automation
Energy & InstallationEquipmentComponents
technologicaldrivers active!
oldindustry!
1) 1999
influences
Market share of Measurement & Automation
40 % Automation
25 % Measurement& Controls
20 % Other15 % Sensors& Actors
112 Billion €World-wide /a 1)
1) 1999
2 % Automationsystem operators
2 Billion € /a
influences
Engineering35 %
Hard- and Software10 %
Maintenance25 %
SW Upgrades
30 %
Life-Cycle Cost of Automation Systems 1)
1) Automotive industry45 %
55 %
Too many Interfacesincrease the overall cost!
Don‘t forget!
Region
Product
Operation
Vendor
User
Fitting togetherby standardizedInterfaces
Interfaces
Market
Interfaces telecontrol
Serial Link
Application
Communication
Standardisation• Object model• Services• Communication Stack (OSI layer 1-7)
Example IEC 60870-6• Telecontrol CC-CC TASE.2 (MMS)
Example IEC 60870-5• Telecontrol -101, -102, -103, -104
Interfaces in substation
Bus
Application
Communication
Standardisation• Device model• Object model• Services• Communication Stack (OSI layer 1-7)
Example IEC 61850• Substation bus (MMS, ..)• Process bus
Devices(IDEs)
Integration Bus
Standardisation• Object model• Interfaces of Components• Communication Stack (CORBA, DCOM, ...)
Example IEC 61970, 61968 • Integration Bus (IB)• Common Information Model (CIM)
Control centreApplication Software
External systemsApplication Software
IDL
CIM
Interfaces in control centre
Communication(legacy systems
with adapter)
Components(multiple vendors)
Evolving of Communication Architectures
Protocol
IEC 60870-5/101104 (IP routing)
Time 80‘s
IEC 60870-6/TASE.2 (MMS)(IP routing)
Protocol
Application
Objects
Services
Mapping
90‘s
IEC 61850 (MMS, ...)IEC 61970 (CORBA, ..)IEC 61968 (CORBA, ..)
Bus Protocols
Objects
Services
Mapping
00‘s
Object Modelling of IEDs in Substation
Logical Device (vendor specific)
L. Node L. Node
Object
Functional Group
Objects
Services
Mapping
Bus ProtocolsTime 00‘s
ApplicationApplication
Class_Name attribute attribute ... services ...
Real world device(circuit breaker)
Virtual device(circuit breaker)
mapping
Modelling of real world devices
meta data
The Importance of Meta Data
Bill 1,000
$ ?
€ ?
Future Seamless Communication Architecture
ConventionalWeb-based fixed
Web-based mobile:
anytimeanywhere
a seam
Seamless Definition
• Seamless is defined on the abstract level for interoperability without data format and service conversion and does not exclude physical seams at various system levels if necessary
• A system is seamless if the application layer data model (objects) and abstract services (ACSI, Abstract Communication Service Interface) are used throughout the system within the substation and for telecontrol to the control centre
• This does not exclude different protocol stacks on different system levels the objects and services are mapped to, but the use of the same stack throughout the system simplifies it and allows potential additional cost savings.
Seamless Communication Architecture (1)
Network OSI Layer 1-3(IP)
IED
HV/MVEquipment
IEC 61850 Substation bus 1)
(7/3 layer)
IEC 61850 Process bus 1)
(7/3 layer)
Substation Host(with Proxy)
EngineeringStation
seamlesscoms
:meta data
configuration datareal-time data
UMTS
GPS
Control centre with CIM
Web based mobile access 1)
1) and emergency systemin case of data network or CC failure
radio
1) substation bus / process buscan be identical (flat architecture)
Seamless Communication Architecture (2)
seamlesscoms
:meta data
configuration datareal-time data
Network OSI Layer 1-3(IP)
IED
HV/MVEquipment
IEC 61850 Substation bus 1)
(7/3 layer)
IEC 61850 Process bus 1)
(7/3 layer)
Substation Host(with Proxy)
Control centre with CIM
Remote CCfront end
Other possibility with distributed remote CC front end
internal CC protocol
1) substation bus / process buscan be identical (flat architecture)
Medium life < 20 yearsTechnology
Communication Stack
High life > for everDefinition
„Diamonds of SCADA/EMS“
IEC 60870-6 TASE.2 (MMS, ...) over IPIEC 61850-7 Substation Bus (MMS, ...)IEC 61970 Integration Bus (CORBA, ..)IEC 61968 Integration Bus (CORBA, ..)
Telecontrol & Bus Protocols
Objects
Services
Mapping
ApplicationAPI
Seamless Objects and Services
IEC 61850-7 Station Bus(7 layer)
Bus Protocols
Mapping
ApplicationAPI
Substation: Station
IEC 61850-7 Process Bus(3 layer)
Bus Protocols
Mapping
ApplicationAPI
Substation: Process
Objects
Services
Control Centre
IEC 61850-7 Station BusIEC 60870-6 TASE.2IEC 61970/61968 Integration Bus / CIM
Bus protocols
Mapping
ApplicationAPI
Ethernet
May bethe same!seamless
Seamless with web-based technologies
Coordinated Communications Seamless Object Model Seamless Virtual Communication Services Independence of Protocol Implementation Eliminating Gateways and Format Conversions
Reduced cost of implementation Reduced cost of Maintenance Reduced cost over the life cycle
seamlesscoms
Web-based mobile
UMTS
GPS
Web-based Intranet
Browser
Example of seamless physical Architecture
Switch 10 Mbit/sSwitch 10 Mbit/sBaycontroller
RelayA
RelayB
Baycontroller
RelayA
RelayB
Switch 10 Mbit/sSwitch 10 Mbit/s
ModernSwitchgear
ModernCT / VT
ModernSwitchgear
ModernCT / VT
RouterRouter
EngineeringSubstationHost with
Proxy
Controlcentre
Switch 10 Mbit/sSwitch 10 Mbit/sBUS
Bay #1 Bay #2
IEC 61850 IEC 61850
IEC 61850for
telecontrol
IEC 61850 IEC 61850
(flat switched Ethernet network)
Same data model, services and protocol mappings
WIND TURBINE GENERATOR SYSTEMSIEC 61400 Part 25 - Communications for
monitoring and control of wind power plants
communication based on IEC
61850 (i.e. ISO 9506; MMS)
communication based on IEC
61850 (i.e. ISO 9506; MMS)
Seamless also fordecentralised wind power systems
http://www.dispowergen.com
IEC TC 88
IEC TC 57
DER Distributed energy resources.. . decentralized communications forfuel cells and photo voltaic.
Coming soon ...
communication based on IEC
61850 (i.e. ISO 9506; MMS)
communication based on IEC
61850 (i.e. ISO 9506; MMS)
IEC TC 57
Need for a Security Framework
Holding
Subsidiary #1System Operator Electricity
#2Generation
#4
#5
#n
PublicTelecoms
+Internet
PublicTelecoms
+Internet
ExternalProcess
Net
ExternalProcess
Net
World
OtherSystem Operators
#3System Operator Gas
CorporateNetwork
CorporateNetwork
ProcessNet
ProcessNet
?
?
Vision: Convergence and Seamless ControlConvergenceConvergence
ServicesServices
NetworksNetworks
TerminalsTerminals
MultimediaApplications
InformationTechnologies
&Communications
SeamlessSeamless
ObjectsObjects
ServicesServices
PlatformsPlatforms
Control bang
Seamless Control
How the economies of countries benefit from international standardisation
- the national macro economic view -
International standardisation leads to cost savings ofabout 1 % of the gross national product (GNP) 1). This results to world-wide savings of about
20 Million € of the EMS/SCADA market (2 Billion €) 24 Billion € of the electricity product market (2,385 Billion €)
The impact of International Standardization on the economyis greater then of those of patents and licences 1)
Standardisation leads to technology transfer betweenvendors
In the Standardisation process vendors learn of the requirements of users
1) Research result (DIN Berlin, TU Dresden, FhG-ISI Karlsruhe), Germany, 2000
How multinational vendor corporations benefit from
international standardisation
- the global micro economic view -
Since the middle of the 20th century, growth rates ininternational trade and investment have exceededthose of domestic economies.
Innovative vendors gain more than 50 % of there sales withproducts < 5 years old and need standards for it
From this follows that standards must keep up with thepace of innovation
Standardisation helps vendors to enter foreign marketsand profit from it.
Developing anticipatory intelligence:
You can acquire information that enables you to anticipate, before other stakeholders, circumstances that have not yet widely manifested themselves.
Using customer networks:
You can identify consumer needs and conceive new products through networking with user representatives on standards committees and this may enhance the market success of new products.
Saving time and money:
One of the goals of standardization is to make design and manufacturing simpler, cleaner, surer.
By using standards, you don’t need to reinvent the wheel every time. Instead, you can focus your efforts on adding something new to the wheel – something that will improve the quality of life and that will contribute to technological progress.
Knowledge about standardization helps to research and invest in the right technology
Improving safety and quality:
Nobody today can pretend to know all there is about a certain technology.
Within IEC working groups you will encounter ideas some of which will be new and valuable, others which may help you to avoid making costly mistakes.
Using IEC international standards saves us time and money in our multi-million dollar transfer of technology project with Indian Railways.
Without IEC standards this project could not have been attempted.
Christian VetterliTechnology Transfer Project Head
ABB
If customers don’t see the IEC present in the product, Siemens must justify why. The IEC has made globalization possible for Siemens ...
Without IEC standards, prices forSiemens products would be much higher as they would have to adapt to different national requirements around the world.
Gerhard GollerHead of Global Operations for High-Voltage Switchgear
Siemens
One world One technology One standard
IEC 61850 (substation bus & process bus & telecontrol) for
Electricity nets communications Windmill turbines communications Coming soon ... fuel cells communications
Vendors move to the markets
How small-to-medium-sizedvendor enterprises benefit from
international standardisation
- the global micro economic view -
Since the middle of the 20th century, growth rates ininternational trade and investment have exceededthose of domestic economies.
Standardisation helps SMEs to enter foreign marketsand profit from it.
It is the received view that SMEs in technology-intensive industries have little possibility of setting either de jure or de facto standards.
While there may be far fewer de facto standards set by SMEs, nevertheless SMEs have important incentives for participating in international standardization. These incentives have to do with very important benefits related to strategic marketing advantages.
Many new SMEs - particularly the high-tech or internet-related ones - are international right from the beginning, yet these companies often experience substantial problems and high failure rates when trying to penetrate foreign markets.
SMEs must address this from the beginning. One strategy they can use to penetrate successfully is being involved in international standardization.
SMEs are able to provide third party equipment to systems of big vendors using standardized interfaces
SMEs can act as suppliers of big manufactures
SMEs mostly gain from technology transfer
How System Operators benefitfrom international standardisation
ROI driven System Operators
Asset-Management
(ROI) Engineering
Operation PowerSystem Control
Sales (fee of net and system services use)
MarketParticipants
NetCustomers
Vendors
Market rules and codesRegulation
System servicesBalancingMeteringSettlement
ProductsConstructionServices
Fee comparison with other SOs
SCADA/EMS & Control Systems
requirements
standards
Open standardized architectures substantially reduceinstallation time and cost and allow equipment frommultiple vendors within one system.
Answer: Standard support of System integration Interfaces.
Approximately 55 % of the installed cost of utility control systems are associated with system configuration and integration over the life cycle
Answer: Standard support of System migration Configuration Maintenance Conformance tests.
How market participantsbenefit from international
standardisation
Electronic business language
The function of the liberalized energy market with manymarket participants and more than
1 million transactions per day 1) in Europe relies heavily on electronic communication
Answer: Standard support of Electronic business communication based on ebXML, Wb
Services Energy market specific business language True B2B (not over mail boxes and folders) High security and performance.
Modelling is a regional issue (Europe: ETSO, EFET, ..)1) Study of the EU, 2001