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Presented by Wai Zin Oo
Radiation Protection Advisor Pacific High Tech Engineering Services
[email protected]
Importance of NDT
for Productivity and Reliability
IMPROVED HEALTH CARE
MODERN TRANSPORT
COMMUNICATION
CENTRAL ENERGY SOURCES
LESS WORKING LONG OR HARD
MORE COMFORTS
LEISURE FOR TRAVEL & CULTURAL ACTIVITIES
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
(18th, , 19th)
2 NOTE : PRODUCT INCLUDES SERVICES ALSO.
while maximizing the productivity, ensuring quality requirements
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Characteristics are the different aspects of quality a product possesses.
QUALITY OF A PRODUCTS
STRUCTURAL TIME ORIENTED COMMERCIAL AESTHETIC
Dimensional, Material properties etc
e.g Reliability maintainability
eg Warranty
Soundness of material or its integrity
CHECKED BY VARIOUS NDT METHODS Procedure Personnel Standards
Improved design
NDT is the testing of materials to detect Internal and surface defects or discontinuities using methods which do not damage or destroy the material under test.
Highly Trained Certified
and experience personnel
A procedure for
conducting personnel
A system for reporting
results
A standard to interpret
the results
In order to gain the information and obtain valid NDT
results, the following is required:
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CONVENTIONAL NDT
VISUAL INSPECTION
RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING (RT)
ULTRASONIC TESTING (UT)
MAGNETIC PARTICLES TESTING (MT)
DYE PENETRANT TESTING (PT)
EDDY CURRECT TESTING (ET)
HARDNESS TESTING (HT)
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ADVANCED NDT
PIPELINE INSPECTION USING X-RAY CRAWLER
POST WELD HEAT TREATMENT
REMOTE VISUAL INSPECTION (RVI)
POSITIVE MATERIAL IDENTIFICATION (PMI)
PHASED ARRAY ULTRASONIC TESTING (PAUT)
TIME OF FLIGHT DEFFRACTION (TOFD)
HIGH DEFINITION COMPUTED RADIOGRAPHY
RADIOGRAPHIC TESTING USING SCAR SYSTEM
Nowadays, the role of productivity is important in various NDT instruments.
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PIPELINE CRAWLER
32 in Dia., 12 m, 20.6-25.4 mm Thickness
Shwe Onshore pipe line and OGT project, KyaukPhyu
DWSI Directional
f
Ultrasonic TESTING Ultrasonic testing (UT) is a method of determining the size and location of discontinuities within a component using high frequency sound waves.
Ultrasonic Inspection on Weld Ultrasonic Thickness Gauging
Ultrasonic Imaging
Gray scale image produced using the sound reflected from the front surface of the coin
Gray scale image produced using the sound reflected from the back surface of the coin (inspected from heads side)
High resolution images can be produced by plotting signal strength or time-of-flight using a computer-controlled scanning system.
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PHASED ARRAY ULTRASONIC TESTING (PAUT)
phased refers to the timing
array refers to the multiple elements
The PA probe consists of many small
elements, each of which can be pulsed
separately. One element is pulsed first and
emits a pressure wave. The next element is
pulsed, and emits a ripple. That is slightly
smaller than the first because it was started
later.
a single phased array inspection can cover all angles from 40-75 degrees
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- enables reduced inspection time & between 15-20 butts per shift. - Surface preparation is required to collect data
PHASED ARRAY ULTRASONIC TESTING (PAUT)
- ability to detect weld flaws such as: toe cracks, center line cracks, lack of fusion, lack
of penetration, slag and porosity.
- the ability of PAUT to minimize the focal spot size at a defect location has allowed for
increased accuracy of flaw sizing.
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Auto UT in Aircraft Wing
Performance of PAUT & TOFD for Pressure Vessel Weld
13 Medical Photography Industrial
Personal Photography and Medical imaging are using normal film to digital. So, Why not in Industrial.
HD - CR 35 NDT High Definition
Computed Radiography
Improving Inspection Productivity through CR
- consist of a radiation source, imaging plate, scanner, and a high-resolution monitor attached to a workstation.
50 m Corrosion Under Insulation (CUI), Overview images
25 m Corrosion measurements, weld seam inspection
12,5 m Weld seam inspection, aerospace, composite S/N Low
S/N High
With TreFoc the laser beam is adjusted perfectly to give optimal image results and the highest signal - to - noise ratio in any application. (lowest noise)
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When the plate is scanned with a laser beam in a scanner, the image is released as visible light.
General Operation of CR system
Scanning exposed IP
Read out of IP, convert Digital and erase
Data Processing PC
Laser
D Tect Software of Report
function gives to produce a
report populated with the
information and data along
with thumbnail images.
Analog to Digital
Converter
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Wall Thickness measurement - Tangential Workflow for corrosion inspection Tangential wall thickness measurement Calculates thickness from line profile
Measurements are indicated
Wall thickness is calculated
Results are reported
Tolerance < 0.2-0.5 mm
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EN ISO 9001 certified
BAM certified
EN and ASTM compliant
DICONDE compliant
CEN Standards: EN 14784-1: Industrial CR with storage phosphor imaging plates
Part 1: Classification of systems
EN 14784-2 : Industrial CR with storage phosphor imaging plates
Part 2: General principles for examination of metals using X-rays and Gamma
rays
ASTM standards: ASTM 2007-00 : Standard Guide for Computed Radiography
ASTM 2033-99 : Standard Practice for Computed Radiography
ASTM 2445-05 : Standard Practice for Qualification Long-Term Stability of CR
systems
ASTM 2446-05 : Standard Practice for for Classification of CR systems
ASTM 2339-04 : Digital Imaging and Communication in NDE (DICONDE)
ASME code : ASME Code Case 2476 : Radiography using phosphor imaging plates
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Computed Radiography
Benefits
1.Less radiation exposure time 2.IPs are reusable 3.Immediate images and rapid diagnosis
4.Eliminate dark room, film and chemical pollution
5.Easy to share by digital networking
6.Improve Defect recognition and image analysis
Potential drawback
1. May be cost/spare parts expensively
2. System, network, and database safety and security. 3. Potential training needs
Sensitivity Levels
1 1T
1 - 2 T
1 4 T
2 1 T
2 2 T
2 4 T
4 1 T
4 2 T
4 4 T
Equivalent Sensitivity
0.7 %
1.0 %
1.4 % 1.4 %
2.0 %
2.8 %
2.8 %
4.0 %
5.6%
Applications
Nuclear
Pressure vessels & pipelines
Structure
Sensitivity Levels
Sensitivity The least discontinuity that can visible in a radiograph.
10 mm 0.2mm
QUALITY determined by density & Sensitivity
Density is the degree of darkness or blanking in a radiograph.
SENSITIVITY is mainly affected by two factors. 1. Definition or Unsharpness 2. Contrast
CR uses Signal to Noise ratio
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SCAR ( Small Controlled Area Radiography )
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The SCAR system is capable of performing radiography inside a controlled area in the workplace without disruption to normal operations.
Features Reduced Radiation Exposure Simple Recovery Procedure with Zero Risk
of Source Detachment Requires Mandatory Pre-Planning of the
Work A Small Controlled Area Means, Positive,
Direct & Easy Control Minimum Interference with Emergency
Escape Routes Minimizes Operator Error
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Importance of NDT for Productivity
# Personal
- Qualification of NDT Technician SNT-TC-1A
- Multi International NDT Technicians (ASNT/PCN Certified Level II & Level I and expiry date)
- Valid Visa, passport, work pass, medical, BOSIET
- All personnel are subject to approval by Client.
Managing NDT inspectors effectively is a great challenge.
# Safety
- Access, scaffolding, lighting, and other safety issues specific to work-site should be addressed prior to start of work.
- Radiation work shall be performed in accordance with Industrial
Radiography practice (Safety & Emergency).
- Pre Mob Briefing
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# Procedure - Required in the associated standard & codes.
- Need to approved clients
- Acceptance criteria,
- Specific procedure
NDT for Productivity
24 hour Quick & Best Response to Clients requests and requirements
# Equipment
Equipment with Test, valid cal. Cert., manual, Approved
container, Safety and Emergency. ( Special issue Radiation
sources)
# Logistic ( MSDS, packing List, Dim. Weight, Load test Cert.)
# NDT reports with various parameters, Time sheets, Overtime (eg RI )
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DRIVER FOR NDT
SAFETY
REALIBILITY
CO
