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IMPORTANCE OF CORRECT PRUNING AND CANOPY
MANAGEMENT
In this presentation
• Factors influencing fruitfulness • Results of poor pruning and canopy
management
Permanent trunk (3 years or more)
Spur of previous season (2 years)
Shoot from this season (1 year)
FRUITFULNESS: 1 year old on 2 year old = fruitful (carry clusters)
Cropping potential • Cropping potential = Fruitfulness of buds x Number of
buds x Environmental factors • Environmental factors include
– Vine health (diseases, pests) (management) – Moisture availability (irrigation) (management) – Nutrient availability (fertilizer applications) (management) – Climate (cannot change)
• Fruitfulness of buds depends on – Variety: Genetic (cannot change) – Pruning system: Spurs vs canes (decision depending variety) – Correct application of pruning system (management) – Trellis system: Vertical vs Horizontal (decision) – Exposure of buds to sunlight during the growing season,
specifically during and just after flowering (management) – Temperature during spring and early summer; higher
temperatures (>25 °C) will increase fruitfulness (cannot change)
Management • We can only effect the aspects we can
have an influence on • Management of sunlight into the canopy
has the biggest effect on cropping potential in the long term and is dependent on: – Application of the pruning system – Canopy management during the season
(shoot thinning, leaf thinning, tipping, topping)
Pruning and canopy management
• Pruning and canopy management are equally important, because – Pruning provides the amount of buds for
optimal yield and quality – Canopy management provides strong shoots
that can be pruned during winter
Correct and poor spacing of spurs
Effects of pruning on canopy density
Canopy too dense
Ideal spacing between spurs
12-15 cm
Effects of wrong pruning
Poor spur spacing
Poor spacing of spurs =
No sunlight in canopy =
Low fruitfulness =
Low yield
Poor ripening of shoots
Effects of poor pruning and canopy management
Shoot removal by hand
Suckering
Suckering of excessive shoots to maintain adequate sunlight penetration
No shoots removed
Shoots removed √√
XX
Sunlight penetration ideal
Shade patterns reflect canopy density
Ideal Too dense
Use of shade patterns to evaluate density of canopy
Good spacing of shoots = good sunlight = high fruitfulness = high yield
Ripening of shoots complete
Good distribution of clusters
12-15 cm
Excessive bud load
Excessive crop load
Excessive shading/low sunlight Poor shoot growth
=
Correct spur spacing
Proper suckering (summer shoot removal)
Good ripening of shoots
Poor spacing of spurs
= No sunlight in canopy
Dead shoots
Results of poor sunlight in into canopy
Summary
• Pruning and canopy management is equally important – Correct pruning creates long term vine
structure – Good canopy management results in
• Good sunlight penetration • Good fruitfulness (high yield and quality)