Implementing Smart Growth Streetslgc.org/wordpress/docs/events/completestreets/cs_greenberg.pdf · Implementing Smart Growth Streets: Project Album Implementing Smart Growth Streets

Implementing

Smart Growth

Streets

Work performed under

contract to EPA by

Ellen Greenberg, AICP

and

ICF International

Presented by

Ellen Greenberg

April 15, 2009

ImplementingSmart Growth Streets

! Sponsor: EPA Divisionof Design, Community& Environment

! Implementation Focus

! Contributions from30+ practitioners

ImplementingSmart Growth Streets

! Sponsor: EPA Division ofDesign, Community &Environment

! Draws on earlier worksponsored at UC Davis

! Implementation Focus

! Contributions from 30+practitioners

Seeking Streets

! Casting a wide net

! Creating a projectpool

! Choosing projects

! Documenting

! Synthesizing

Practitioner - Contributors

! Agency staffs

! Consultants

! Advocates

! Innovators

! EPA team

ImplementingSmart Growth

Streets

Concepts andDefinitions

! Support compactcommunities

! Promote least-polluting transportationperformance

! Preserveenvironmentalresources within andbeyond the right ofway

Smart GrowthStreets

Principles (1 of 2)

! Incorporate ecological,community andmobility functions

! Protect and enhanceenvironmentalresources andprocesses throughoutthe street “life cycle.”

Principles (2 of 2)

! Are context sensitive

! Form highly-connected networks ofcomplete streets

! Are right-sized! Have speeds andintersectionsappropriate to context

Sample

! In 12 states and 18cities

! 12 constructed

! 1 under construction

! 5 committed

5 Themes

! Multiway Boulevards

! Neighborhoods

! Completely Green

! Livable Streets

! Standout Streets

Verano Blvd

Flatbush Ave.Iowa Green Streets

12th St.West Main St.

Riverfront Parkway

Mobile Manor

Cermak Blue Island

Michigan Avenue

High Point

Taylor 28

Route 527

Headwaters

New Columbia

Octavia Blvd

Leland Ave

Bird Rock / La Jolla

Luma

Project Locations

Standout StreetsChattanooga, TNRiverfront Parkway

Standout StreetsLouisville, KYWest Main Street

Standout StreetsChicago, ILCermak / Blue IslandStreetscape

Livable StreetsSan Diego, CABird Rock / La JollaBoulevard

Completely GreenLos Angeles, CALuma Condominiums

Completely GreenSan Francisco, CALeland AvenueStreetscape

Completely GreenLansing, MIMichigan AvenueRaingardens

NeighborhoodPortland, ORHeadwaters at TryonCreek

NeighborhoodSeattle, WAHigh Point

MultiwayBoulevard

San Francisco, CAOctavia Boulevard

CategoryLocationProject

Tier 1 Projects

Implementing Smart Growth Streets:

Project Album


Streets

Multiway Boulevards

Reconciling high volumes with livability

Freedman, Tung & Sasaki

Octavia Boulevard

Replacing San Francisco’s earthquake-damaged central freeway

Elizabeth McDonald

Octavia Boulevard

Octavia Boulevard

Octavia Boulevard

! Change in facilitytype

! Replacementfunded by sale ofDOT-ownedparcels

! Construction aftermultiple ballotinitiatives

Historic Photo provided by

Elizabeth McDonald

Octavia Boulevard

! Replacesearthquakedamaged structure

! Distributes traffic

! Creates sites forfrontingdevelopment

! Adds 5 rows oftreesSan Francisco Transportation

Authority

Washington State Route 527Bothell

State Highway re-design integratedwith downtown revitalization




Stormwater Management Concept


Verano BoulevardSan Antonio Texas

Major regional arterial is part of planfor newly-urbanizing area to include

new Texas A&M Campus

Gateway Planning Group, Inc and Pate Engineering

! Scale of the Boulevard illustrates theappeal and the drawbacks of this designtype

! Cross section over 170’ feet wide

Verano BoulevardSan Antonio Texas

Gateway Planning Group, Inc and Pate Engineering

Verano BoulevardGoals

! Regional access fornew town center

! Walkable, bikeablepedestrianenvironment

! Anchoring newuniversity campusacross from center

! Accommodateprojected traveldemand of 60,000vpdGateway Planning Group,

Inc., and Pate Engineering

Neighborhoods

! Newly redeveloped,showcasing smartgrowth approaches

! Network and facilitydesign planned aspart of totalneighborhood

! BMPs for naturalstorm water drainageintegrated into thepublic way High Point

Harrison Rue

High Point, SeattleNew Columbia, Portland

! Newly redeveloped,showcasing smartgrowth approaches

! Network and facilitydesign planned aspart of totalneighborhood

! BMPs for naturalstorm water drainageintegrated into thepublic way New Columbia

SERA Urbsworks

High Point, SeattleNew Columbia, Portland

! Reconstructed publichousing: FederalHOPE VI program

! Circulation systemplanned as part oftotal neighborhood

! BMPs for naturalstorm water drainageintegrated into thepublic way

High Point, Seattle

Note: During Build-Out

High Point, Seattle

! Roads sized likesurrounding oldernetwork

! Connectivity increased

! Bike network

Image: Seattle Public Utilities

High Point Natural Drainage

New Columbia, Portland

! 82-acre site

! Redeveloped to amixed-use, mixedincome community

! Street plan design forsocial and economicintegration of the siteinto the broadercommunity

SERA / Urbsworks

Headwaters at Tryon CreekPortland

! Redevelopment

! Affordable housing

! Senior housing

! Commercial uses

! Creek daylighting

! Green building

! Off site circulationimprovements

Portland Bureau of

Environmental Services

Headwaters, Portland

Headwaters at Tryon CreekPortland

Portland Bureau of Environmental Services

Isolated triangle and “free right” lanetransformed into stormwater feature

with improved walkability

Headwaters at Tryon Creek

! Participation by Localneighborhoodassociation andTryon CreekWatershed Council

! Developerparticipation in allaspects of project

! Support fromPortlandDevelopment Council

Portland Bureau of

Environmental Services

Headwaters at Tryon Creek

Boulder Mobile Manor

! Approved plan toredevelop 1960’s eramobile home parkwith fixed foundationaffordable housing

! Green building

! Highly walkabledesign

! Narrow streets, tightturn radiuses, on-street parking

Photo credit here

Completely Green

! Stormwater BMPs

! Support forbicyclists,pedestrians andtransit users

! Some are integratedwith real estatedevelopment projectsincluding greenbuilding features

Luma

Jack Coyier

Luma and Downtown StreetsLos Angeles

A fresh approach to downtown L.A.’s streetsas part of a new condominium project

Jack Coyier

Luma and Downtown Streets, LA

Luma and Downtown Streets

! Streets transformedto provide anappealing setting fordowntownredevelopment

! Buildings are LEED-Gold certified

! Dedicated row widthdevoted to publicrealm instead oftravel lanes

Jack Coyier


! Nearly-continuousplanters along majordowntown streets

! Rain gardens bothfunctional andaesthetic

! Resulted in effort tochange downtownstreet standards(ongoing)

Jack Coyier



Michigan Avenue, Lansing, MI

! Creation ofattractive, walkablestreetscapes as partof the City’scombined seweroverflow (CSO)project

! Six downtown blocksincluded in initialproject

Tetratech

Michigan Avenue, Lansing, MI

State

Capitol

12th Street, Kansas City MO

! Rain gardens andbulbouts installedin downtown’sgovernmentdistrict, calmingtraffic whilegreening the street

Copyright © Assassi | BNIM

Architects

More Completely Green

Leland Avenue, SanFrancisco, CA

! Pedestrianimprovements

! Streetscape

! Bioretention planters

! Pervious paving

! Open spaceconnectivity

San Francisco City Planning

More Completely Green

Green Pilot, WestUnion IA

! Porous paving

! Bioswales

! Snowmelt system

! Street trees

! Complete streets

! Public art

Green Pilot, West Union IA

Taylor 28, Seattle

! In a downtownarea planned forredevelopment

! Re-allocating rowfrom travelway topublic realm

! Under constructionin 2009

Mithun

Livable Streets

! Better integratingstreets with theirsurroundings

! Improvingpedestrian and bikesafety

! Increasing streetactivity

! Supporting areainvestmentDan Burden, Walkable

Communities and Glatting Jackson

Slow speeds and multimodal travelcontributing to district revitalization

Bird Rock / La Jolla Boulevard

Dan Burden, Walkable


Bird Rock / La Jolla Boulevard

Bird Rock / La Jolla BoulevardSan Diego

! “Road Diet” – five totwo through lanes

! Multiple roundabouts

! Planted medians

! Sidewalkreconstruction

! Angle parking

! Traffic calming onside streets



! Improvedaesthetics

! Improved safety

! Reduced speeds

! Welcomingbicycles andpedestrians

Grandview Drive WestUniversity Place Washington



Grandview Drive West

Dan Burden, Walkable Communities and Glatting Jackson

Standout Streets

Distinguishedbyuniquenessof challengesand solutions

West Main StreetLouisville

! Center of downtownarts district

! Focus on local designand industrialheritage

! 1990’s street re-design part of largerrevitalization effort

! Partnership betweenCity and DowntownDevelopment CorpEDAW

West Main Street, Louisville


! Before project:4-lane street with curbparking and 12’ wide sidewalks

! Reduced to 3 lanes with wider sidewalksand corner bumpouts

! 4-year, approx. $7 million effort

EDAW


Capitalizing onLouisville’s“Brands”

! Louisville Slugger

! Mohammed Alibirthplace

! Kentucky Derby

EDAW


! Differentiatedfrom otherdowntown districts

! Rich designcharacter

! Locally made castiron grates and“welcome mats”

EDAW

Riverfront ParkwayChattanooga

! Major CivicDowntownRevitalization Effort

! From Freeway toParkway

! Downtown Streetschanges

! Enabled more directcommute trafficpatterns

City of Chattanooga and River

City Company

Riverfront Parkway, Chattanooga

Riverfront Parkway

! Strong mayoralinvolvement

! De-listing of road asState Highway

! City teamed withnon-profit “River CityCompany”

! Adjoining propertiesre-zoned for mixeduse development

Tennessee State

Aquarium

City of Chattanooga and River

City Company

Riverfront Parkway and

Downtown Streets

Image: City of Chattanooga and River City Company

Riverfront Parkway

BEFORE AFTER

City of Chattanooga and River City Company

Cermak / Blue Island StreetscapeChicago

! Improving an older industrial streetsand railroad corridor –

! Both streets: designated arterialsand designated truck routes

! Introducing new sustainabletechniques and streetscape elements

! FHWA’s only “Eco-logical” grantee inurban area

Cermak / Blue Island, Chicago

Cermak / Blue Island StreetscapeChicago

! $14.5 million project

! New sidewalks, curb and gutter

! Utility undergrounding

! New signal controllers

! All new lighting

! All new landscaping including bioswales

! Permeable pavers

! Resurfaced parking lanes

Chicago Examples: Sustainable Infrastructure

Permeable Parkways Bioswale Construction

Naturalized Detention Green Street Construction

Pro

ject

Su

sta

ina

ble

Go

als

Stormwater Management

Water Efficiency

Transportation

Energy Efficiency

Recycling

Urban Heat Island

Education

Divert 90% of Construction Waste from Landfills, Specify newmaterials with a minimum 10% Recycled Content. Attain 40% of allmaterial from sources within 500 mile radius of the project site.

Limit or eliminate use of potable water sources forirrigation, Specify Native or Climate-adapted, drought tolerant plantsfor all plantings

Improve bus stops with signage, shelters where possible,and lighting; facilitate use of bikes with lanes along Blue Island, andstrategically located bike racks. Significant upgrades to sidewalks forpedestrian mobility and ADA accessibility.

Reduce ambient summer temperatures on streets andsidewalks through use of reflective pavements on roadways, lightcolored materials on sidewalks and use of trees for shading

Provide public outreach materials/self-guided tour brochure to highlight innovative, sustainable design features of streetscape

Divert 100% of two year storm event from citystorm system through the use of pervious pavements, bioswales and

recharge of Chicago River

Meet an energy reduction baseline below the streetscapebaseline; select optimal street lights for energy efficiency; usereflective surface on sidewalks/roadways to improve lighting; userenewable energy on designated fixture; use white light throughoutthe streetscape.

Integrated Design: A Sustainable Streetscape

Cermak / Blue Island Streetscape



Integrated Design Example:Permeable Pavers

Bike/

Parking

Lane

High SRI

for Lighting

and UHI

Stormwater

Management

Photocatalytic

for Air Quality

Courtesy Janet

Attarian, City of

Chicago

Infrastructure Technology andInnovation

•Photocatalytic

(“smog eating”)

Cement

•LED Streetlighting

•Ground Tire

Rubber/ Recycled

material reuse

•Permeable

Pavements

•Reflective

Pavements

Courtesy Janet Attarian, City of Chicago

New Markets and Material:Innovations for the Environment

•Lead by Example

•Partner with the Private Sector

•Connect to the Community

•Design/Contractor/Owner Education

“..green is not about cutting back. It’s about creating a new cornucopia of

abundance for the next generation by inventing a whole new industry. It’s

about getting our best brains out of hedge funds and into innovations that

will not only give us the clean-power industrial assets to preserve our

American dream but also give us the technologies that billions of others

need to realize their own dreams without destroying the planet.” –Thomas

L. Friedman, The New York Times

Courtesy Janet Attarian, City of Chicago

Stimulating New Jobs with GreenInfrastructure

New

Infrastructure

Infrastructure

Rehabilitation

Green

Infrastructure

51,200 jobs

for every

1.25B Spent

-Decoding Transportation Policy & Practice #11

Surface Transportation Policy ProjectCourtesy Janet Attarian, City of Chicago

Summary ofFindings


Streets

! Crossdepartmentaleffort

! Work “outside” ofregulations andstandards

! Examples toemulate

! The rightParticipants

High Point, Seattle

Harrison Rue

Keys to SuccessfulImplementation

! ExecutiveLeadership

! City Leadership

! CivicOrganizations

! Consultants

! Local Stakeholders

! State GovernmentMichigan Avenue, Lansing

Tetratech

The Right Participants

! Connectivityincreases

! Increased pervioussurface

! Two-wayconversions

! Successful dietingBird Rock / La Jolla


Communities and Glatting

Jackson

Design Highlights

! Standards:irrelevant or worse

! Patchwork offunding sources

! Suitability of rightof way

! Resistance tochange

Taylor 28, Seattle

Mithun

Challenges

Drivers of Innovation

“Layered,” withroots in:

! Commitment tosustainability

! Livable streetsemphasis

! Responses tofederal waterqualityregulations

Iowa Green Streets

Conservation Design Forum

New Columbia

Ellen Greenberg

Drivers of Innovation

! InfrastructureUpgrades

! Public HousingRevitalization

! Green BuildingsPlus

! DistrictRevitalization

Smart Growth Streets:Concluding Thoughts

! Growingconstituency andgrowing capacity

! Wide array ofdirect and indirectbenefits

! Moving from pilotprojects tostandards

New Columbia

SERA Urbsworks

Documents

Implementing Smart Growth Streetslgc.org/wordpress/docs/events/completestreets/cs_greenberg.pdf · Implementing Smart Growth Streets: Project Album Implementing Smart Growth Streets