David Yao, Senior Sales Director, Silicon Image, Inc.

Vincent Hsia, Senior FAE Manager, Silicon Image, Inc.

Implementing New HDMI 1.3 Features

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� Specification released in June 2006

� Developed to meet evolving needs of the high-definition marketplace

� Bandwidth more than doubled from 165 MHz (4.95 Gbps) to 340 MHz (10.2 Gbps) to support Higher Resolution, Faster Refresh, and Deep Color

� Extended color gamut for more natural and realistic color

� Support for lossless digital audio

� Lip sync timing compensation

� Mini connector for cameras and camcorders

New HDMI 1.3 Features Overview

InitialSpec

Mini Connector

1.3

Lip Sync

Dolby® True HDDTS-HD

xvYCCWider Color

Gamut

Deep Color 24→→→→48 bit

MoreBandwidth

5→10Gb/s

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Human

Eye

1 Mpixel 10 Mpixel 100 Mpixel

Digital SLR

35mm

Film

1080p

HDTV

1440p/WQXGA

Apple

Cinema

Display720p

HDTV

480p

EDTV

Compact

Digital Still

Camera

Cell Phone

Camera

Digital

Cinema 4K

VCR

Sensor/

Recorder

Display

0.1 Mpixel

HDMI 1.0 – 1.2HDMI 1.3

Greater Bandwidth for Higher Resolution

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� Smoother Motion− Motion blur often occurs in LCD

displays with 60Hz refresh rates

− LCD refresh rates increasing to 120Hz

� Faster Response Time− For Gamers, response time is the

difference between life and death

− Faster refresh rate means faster response time means living to fight another day!

Greater Bandwidth forFaster Refresh

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� Current world: limited to 24 bits/ pixel color− 16 million colors

� Not good enough for today’s displays

� Deep Color allows 24, 30, 36 and 48 bits/pixel color depth

− Billions of colors

� Eliminates artifacts that appear as bands or contours

− Most noticeable in subtle gradations and tonal transitions

� Increases contrast ratios for sharper images & greater detail

� More accurately represents original material− Deeper color palette produces video more like

original film

− Live events look more naturalSimulated high-bit color depth

Simplified example of tonal transitions with limited color palette

Simplified example of tonal transitions with extended color palette

Simulated low-bit color depth

Color ba

nding

Greater Bandwidth forDeep Color

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� xvYCC is the next generation HD color space standard

− IEC 619966-2-4 vs. older ITU BT.709-5

� A collaboration between major Consumer Electronics manufacturers

� Takes full advantage of color rendering capabilities of modern digital displays vs. older CRT technology

xvYCC Extended Color Gamut for Realistic and Natural Color

sRGB xvYCC

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� Maximum Audio Performance

� HDMI 1.3 adds support for Dolby TrueHD & DTS-HD Master Audio formats

− Approved audio formats for Blu-ray & HD-DVD

− Lossless audio formats offer digital surround sound with same fidelity as the sound stage and movie theater

Lossless Audio for a True Digital Cinema Experience

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� Advanced video processing in today’s HDTVs sometimes introduces a delay in video output relative to audio output

− Results in loss of “lip sync”

− Distracts from viewing experience

� HDMI 1.3 allows CE devices to automatically compensate for such timing differences

− Results in synchronized audio and video

− Much more enjoyable viewing experience

Automatic Lip Sync Timing Compensation

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Without Lip Sync Compensation

STB AVR

HDTV

ScreenVideo

Processor

1. Signal delivered to AVR

2. AVR delivers audio to speakers and video to HDTV

3. Speakers present audio while HDTV still processing video

4. HDTV presents video out of sync with audio

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STB AVR

HDTV

With Lip Sync Compensation

ScreenVideo

Processor

1. HDTV communicates video processing delay via HDMI 1.3

2. Signal delivered to AVR

3. AVR delays audio to speakers to allow for video processing

4. Video and audio presented in sync

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� Thinner, shorter, narrower

� Compatible with existing Type A connector

� Plug is slightly smaller but Chassis receptacle is much smaller

� Requested by Camcorder and Digital Still Camera makers

Regular and Mini Connectors

Type-C Mini-Connector

Successfully Implementing HDMI 1.3 Features

Vincent Hsia, Senior FAE Manager, Silicon Image, Inc.

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Greater Bandwidth – How? Cable Equalization

� All cables attenuate signals

� Dependent on:

− Length

− Frequency

− Construction

Cable #5:

11 meter

Cable #4:

10 meter

Cable #1:

2 meter

Cable #2:

4 meter

Cable #3:

5 meter

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Cable Equalization – Theory

1) Cables are just a big filter2 meters

5 meters

10 meters

2) Receivers can compensate for that filter by applying an equal but opposite filter

3) Different lengths change slope of attenuation –receiver can target particular cable length

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Reference Cable Equalizer

� HDMI 1.3 measures Cat2 cable output after applying an ideal “Reference Cable Equalizer”

� This assumes that receivers will support such cable, so…

� HDMI 1.3 measures receiver performance against this same spec

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Greater Bandwidth – How? Source Termination

� Serial transmission line basics

− Changes in impedance are bad

• Cause reflections back to the source of the signal

− Connectors frequently have impedance mismatches and cause some reflection

− High-impedance source will then bounce that reflection back down the line � bad signal quality

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Potential Problem

HDMI Cable

Signal transmitted from driver…

Partial reflection back from connector…

High-impedance source causes additional reflection…

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Source Termination

HDMI Cable

Signal transmitted from driver…

Partial reflection back from connector…

Terminated source swallows reflection…

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Source Termination – Typical Cable

Without source termination With source termination

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Source Termination – Worst-Case Cable

� Cable with high-impedance circuitry at input end causes large reflection/degradation:

� But source termination cleans up…

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Source Termination – Spec Changes

� Previous HDMI Spec 1.2a and earlier had restrictions on Vh and Vl

� HDMI Spec 1.3 reduces those restrictions when connected to >165MHz-capable sink

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Greater Bandwidth – How? Source Pre-Emphasis

� Source can use “Pre-emphasis” to improve performance at higher speeds and longer cables

� HDMI spec 1.2a and earlier had restrictions on Overshoot that prevented use of pre-emphasis

� 1.3 removes those restrictions

+1

-1

0

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Deep Color

� HDMI 1.0-1.2a: 24 bits/pixel

� HDMI 1.3: 30-bit, 36-bit and 48-bit (10-, 12-, 16-bits/component)− RGB 4:4:4 and YCbCr 4:4:4

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Deep Color – Basic Mechanism

� Increase link clock and pack fatter pixels into more clocks− 4 pixels into 5 clocks (for 30 bits/pixel)

− 2 pixels into 3 clocks (for 36 bits/pixel)

− 1 pixel into 2 clocks (for 48 bits/pixel)

� Primary Effects:− Increased pixel clock rate (beyond 165MHz)

− New pixel packing definition and phase (includes all video-related signaling: HSYNC, VSYNC)

− EDID indication (“upstream”) of Deep Color support

− GCP indication (“downstream”) of Deep Color mode and phase

� Non-Effects:− No change to HDCP

− No change to Data Islands, CTL periods (except for HSYNC, VSYNC indication)

− No change to video timings

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2

1

TMDS

Channel

B0 B1 B2 B3

G0 G1 G2 G3

R0 R1 R2 R3

0

Current 24-bit Packing

Pixel 0 Pixel 1 Pixel 2 Pixel 3

Time

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2

1

TMDS

Channel

B0B1

G0 G1 G2 G3

R0 R1 R2 R3

0

36-bit Packing : 2 pixels/3 clocks

Pixel 0 Pxl 0/1 Pixel 1 Pxl 2/3

Time

B0B1

Pixel 3

B2B3

B2B3

Pixel 2

G0

G1

R0

R1

G2

G3

R3

R2

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xvYCC Color Gamut Metadata Packet

� xvYCC allows a much broader selection of colors than display devices can typically handle

� Displays need to know how best to map “input gamut” onto “display gamut”

− Otherwise image may look “cartoony”

� This requires knowledge of the input gamut

� Gamut Metadata Packet carries this information

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New Cable Categories

� HDMI 1.2a and earlier− Cables could be individually rated for higher speeds and

“eye” test methods scaled to frequency• Required all cables to support HDTV rates (74.25MHz).

− Problem: End-user and vendor confusion, false claims, insufficient testing, etc.

� HDMI 1.3 Defined Two Cable Categories− Category 1: 74.25 MHz (2.23 Gbps)

• Sufficient to carry HDTV – meets 99% of market need today but insufficient for 1080p @ 60Hz.

− Category 2: All supported HDMI rates 27MHz�340MHz (10.2 Gbps)• And beyond…

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Automatic Lipsync Timing Compensation� Lipsync Info from Sink

− Sink EDID specifies:

• Video Latency (one indication for Interlaced and one for Progressive)

• Audio Latency (one indication for Interlaced and one for Progressive)

− Source compensates for downstream lipsync mismatches by delaying audio

• Audio Delay = Video latency – Audio latency

− Repeater either passes on the downstream latency information or adjusts and modifies the values in its EDID

� Lipsync Source/Sink communication

− Sink support of Lipsync: EDID HDMI VSDB

− Source indication of Lipsync: No downstream indication

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Silicon Image: Supporting Your HDMI 1.3 Implementation

� Comprehensive, flexible portfolio of HDMI products to meet all your needs:− Input Processors

− Transmitters

− Receivers

− Switches

� Global support and engineering resources help ensure your successful implementation of HDMI 1.3 features

� Local expertise: Silicon Image is an HDMI Founder and operates authorized test centers in Shenzhen and Shanghai

谢谢谢谢谢谢谢谢Thank You