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Imperialism
ImperialismA policy in which a powerful nation seeks to
dominate other countries politically, economically, or socially.
Motives of Imperialism• Political – To secure and strengthen the
military, nation, or the empire.• Ideological – Spread of ideas. • Economic – Security and growth of wealth of
the nation. • Religious– religious and humanitarian
concerns (salvation and welfare of the indigenous people).• Exploratory-explore and discover new lands
and people. –Remember the acronym: P.I.E.R.E.
Terms relating to Imperialism• Colony – an area that is controlled by or belongs to
a country and is usually far away from it– Can you think of British colonies
• Protectorate – a political unit that depends on another government for its protection
Signs of Colonization
• Language • Government• Sports• Religion • Ideas (Values)
Nationalism• Loyalty and devotion to a
nation• European powers
competed to strengthen their empires.
Industrial Revolution• Growing industries and
manufacturing led to the demand for resources (minerals, cotton, oil).
Other Factors
Colonial Rule■European empires were engaged in
colonial competition■Colonies will become the symbol of
imperial power■Direct or Indirect control of their
colonies
What do you see? Do they look friendly?
AfricaTrade• Before1800s Europeans were interested in slavery • After 1800s Europeans were interested in raw
material and Cash crops• Only Ethiopia & Liberia remain independent• Exploration & settlement• Arbitrary borders / ConflictTechnology• New technology helped imperialism• Transportations, communications such as trains,
ships, and telegraphs
White Man’s Burden• "The White Man's Burden" was a poem by the
English poet Rudyard Kipling.• It was a “burden,” a duty of the “White Man” to
help teach the native people into civility. – “Your new-caught, sullen peoples, Half-devil and half-
child.”– Civilizing the heathens– Paternalism– assimilation– Colonization was beneficial to the native people
Berlin ConferenceColonial powers discussed the fairness of
dividing the territory at the Berlin Conference (1884-1885) at which they agreed to a colonial
map of Africa
Africa (pg 344)
• French Colonized North West
• British Colonized East and South
• Only Independent Nations were Ethiopia and Liberia
Pictowords• Nationalism• Imperialism• Colony• Protectorate• Political• Ideological• Economy• Religious• Exploratory
Examples
A pictoword is a picture that describes the definition of a word.
Recreate the map of Africa in 344
• List all the names of the territories
• Color in the territories for• Belgian• Boer• British• French• German• Independent• Italian• Ottoman• Portuguese• Spanish
Africa
“School House”
British India
The Crown Jewel
India■British Jewel in the crown
◆British East India Company◆Charter companies exported cash
crops◆Made alliances with various
kingdoms■
Westernization• Created roads, created army, police force
etc• Created the idea of “India”• Legal codes • Western education and reforms– “Sati” – Widow Burning– “Thagis” – organized murderers who practiced
human sacrifice– Infanticide – Universities
Pros and Cons
• Pros – Created the idea of “India”– Creation of legal codes, education, and social
reforms (banned Sati, Thags, human sacrifice, infanticide)
– Improved quality of life• Cons– Economic and political restriction– Indians became servants to the English
SATI
Thaggis
Discontent (Unhappy)• Remarriage Laws• Taxes• Sepoys – Indian
Soldiers in service of the British–Rifle cartages were
made from pig and cow fat– Forced to travel by sea
What kind of meat is not allowed to be eaten in Hinduism?
What kind of meat is not allowed to be eaten in Islam?
Sepoy Mutiny (Rebellion)• Angry Sepoys rose up against the British Officials –
hailed the Mughal Emperor as the ruler• British eventually ended the rebellion– Executed every soldier and leader– Burned, destroyed, and slaughtered villages– Fear and mistrust on both sides
• India’s First War of Independence• British India Company is replaced with the Viceroy
(highest position held by the British under the queen in India)
• British become the rulers of India
Bahadur Shah II deposed and exiled
British become the rulers of India
Mohandas K. Gandhi
Mohandas K. Gandhi“Mahatma” (Great Soul)• Leader of the Indian
National Congress • Goal was to achieve
India’s independence from Great Britain
• Organized campaigns
Mohandas K. GandhiPhilosophies:• Nonviolence– Ahimsa – “Non-harming” of all
life• Civil Disobedience– Refusal to obey unjust rule– Boycotting (refusal to buy)
• Equal rights : men, women, and caste– Untouchables : lowest class in
Hindu society