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8/9/2019 Impact of Passive Photonic Devices
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Impact of passive photonic devices
Photonic influences many aspect of our life and is one of the most important technologies
for the 21stcentury. There are currently a lot of passive photonic devices used in industry.
Examples of these passive photonic devices are Y-junction, directional coupler, aveguide, ring
resonator, etc.
Y-junction is a simple three-port device hich can operate as either a splitter or a
com!iner. " Y-!ranch aveguide is a fundamental element for optical aveguide devices. #ince
a Y-!ranch provide advantages such as lo excess loss, lo avelength dependent loss and lo
polari$ation dependent loss, 1%& splitters consisting of Y-!ranches '1(-')( are no idely used
for optical signal distri!ution in passive optical netor*s. +irectional coupler is the element
hich has to input ports and to output ports, and is composed of to closely spaced
aveguides. The or*ing principle of the coupler is !ased on the periodical optical poer
exchange that occurs !eteen to adjacent aveguides through the overlapping of the
evanescent aves of the propagating modes. " passive directional coupler measures forard and
reflected poer and facilitates determination of voltage standing ave ratio #/0 and return
loss. or that reason, it often is the *ey component in poer meters, antenna monitors, and
analy$ers.
ith appropriate design, it is possi!le to develop a platform that ena!les precise relative
placement of components such that they are automatically aligned. This approach is commonly
referred to as passive alignment since components do not have to !e poered nor their position
manipulated to achieve alignment. Passive alignment is the process of aligning to or more
optical components ithout actively monitoring the resulting output poer. ontrasted ith
active alignment, in hich the poer of the optical signal is maximi$ed !efore the alignment is
finali$ed. 3n silicon, precise mechanical structures can !e lithographically defined, hich guide
components into place. Passive alignment could eventually !e used to attach an optical pumpdirectly to a silicon laser. 3n essence, passive alignment utili$es a platform and components, each
fa!ricate ith complementary features that ena!le precise placement of the components in
designated positions on the platform. These features may include solder !umps, mechanical
features or optical fiducials.
8/9/2019 Impact of Passive Photonic Devices
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Passive alignment is expected to lead to significant cost reduction for those applications
that are cost-sensitive. "lthough passive alignment technology is expected to !e important for
individually pac*aged devices such as pigtailed lasers0, the impact ill !e even more profound
as optoelectronic modules incorporate more complicity or more functionality. or example,
pac*aging monolithic arrays of lasers or detectors re4uires the alignment of multiple fi!ers in
addition to electrical 356 placement. There is also a compelling need for passive alignment in
complex su!system that incorporate a variety of optical elements, each re4uiring alignment, on a
common platform. Passive alignment ena!les the development of such su!systems using
production assem!ly techni4ues already developed in the electronics industry. 7everaging such
techni4ues reduces cost and encourages the use of optic in systems that otherise might have
!een limited to purely electronic solutions.
/eferences8
1. http855!oo*s.google.com.my5!oo*s9
id:Eatl;upg:P")??>d4:impact@of@passive@photonic@device>hl:en>ei:
Av&mTf4u"=aecBCT2YDB>sa:oi:!oo*result>ct:result>resnum:F>ved:D+
DGH"EI+gJKv:onepage>4>f:false
2. http855.evaluationengineering.com5index.php5solutions5instrumentation5directional-
poer-measurements-and-the-effects-of-directivity.html
). http855techresearch.intel.com5nesdetail.aspx93d:1?
4. http855.google.com.my5url9
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