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Analysis and impact of Intellectual Property on technology
development
Antonio Gonzalo Vaca
Intellectual Property and technological
society
•Technology
•Intellectual Property
•Society, technology and Int. Property
TECNOLOGÍA
Internet
• The MIT, RAND Corporation and National Physical Laboratory• ARPA ARPANET• User’s control
Digitization and
compression
Broadband network in Spain
- Broadband
- New services
Broadband homes Barriers
Digitization and compression
Digital Rights Management
- Model of trust:
Digital Rights Management
- Preventing copy:- Watermarking y fingerprinting
Peer to peer networks
File 4MbServer 100 MbpsClient 1 Mpbs
Models
* web, repositories, etc.
Search Files Source
Hybrid ModelINDEX
SERVERComplete Single
Distribution tree
Flooding Complete Single
Multiple Distribution
trees
Smart flooding
HASH Some
BitTorrent -* HASH Mesh
ISPs behaviour
Comparative board of propertiesConcept P2P Cliente / Servidor
Customized GUISI - Skins, sounds,
etc.NO
Strengh Distributed (bigger) Centralized (smaller)
Encryption Customizable Strict
Searchs Open Specific
Multi-threads Versatile Sometimes
Cache Fast Sometimes
Bandwidth capping Yes Sometimes
Account levels Always Sometimes
Remote administration
Always Sometimes
Multiplatform Versatile Sometimes
Trackers Yes Sometimes
Communications News, IM, chat Sometimes
Cost Less Bigger
AplicationsProyects such as:•Jabber•Groove•Invisible IRC•Skypeetc.
Proyects such as:•Gnutella•Freenet and Mojo Nation•Publius•Omemo•Spotifyetc.
Proyects such as:•SETI@Home•Oxford Cancer Research•Stanford Polymer Folding Research•US DoD Disease Research•The Rothberg Institute for Childhood Diseases•Cracking Contestsetc.
(Instant messaging)
(File exchange)(Distributed computing)
Examples•Hospitals: Access to medical records by different specialists, remote diagnostics comment, share articles and publications, management shifts, and guards ...
•Councils: Collaboration between Ministries, access to records, secure coms between members of the government team, formation of urgent committees...
•Universities: Discussion forums from anywhere, reporting schedules and class changes, qualifications and centralization of resources, e-learning ...
•Media: Access to work in production for journalists, direct but remote communication with team members ...
•Advertising Agencies: Freelancers cooperation in the creation of a campaign, sending documents to the press, access to castings and books ...
•Multinational Design and production: Marketing department has created design data while engineering starts development ...
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
Intellectual Property - concept
PROPERTY INTELLECTUAL
Antagonistic good From intellect
Excludable good Comunicated
- Exact copies = not antagonistic- Freedom of speech = not
excludable
Types
INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
DROIT D’AUTEUR
Protects
Inventions (Patents), distinctive sings
(Marcas) or Industrial designs
Scientific, educational, literary and artistic works
Rights provided
Use, benefit and exclusion of others
Moral and economic Rights
TRLPI: Royal Legislative Decree 1/1996, by which
approved the Reworked text of Intellectual Property Law
Book I. Rights of author (not ©!) Book II. Other IP Rights Book III. Protection of the Rights
LSSI-CE: Information Society Services and Electronic Commerce act
- Directive 2000/31/CE- Article 17
Intellectual Property laws
SECRETARÍA DE ESTADODE TELECOMUNICACIONES PARA LA SOCIEDAD DE LA INFORMACIÓN
SECRETARÍA DE ESTADODE TELECOMUNICACIONES PARA LA SOCIEDAD DE LA INFORMACIÓN
Intellectual property laws
• Treaties of WIPO:- Rights of author- Phonogram performance
•Secction 1201
Intellectual property laws
CEE Directives:
2001 Directive 2001/29/CE Digital environment
2004Intellectual property rights enforcement Directive (IPRED)
Strenghten the enforcement of rights
2005Amendment of Directive 2005/29/CE (IPRED2)
Introduce criminal way
2007 Telecom packageUnify the European telecommunications
market
• Traumann dossier• Harbour dossier• “Torpedo” amendments
-Amendments H, K y 138
Telecom Package:
Intellectual property laws
Alternative licenses
Free software
Free content
Alternative licenses
Software
PrivativeUse with
restrictionsCLUF o EULA
Semi-freeNon-
commercial clauses
CC-BY-NC-ND, CC-BY-NC-SA, CC-BY-ND, CC-
BY-NC
FreePermisive
Without conditions
MPL, APACHE, MIT, BSD y CC-BY
Reciprocals
Conditions on redistribution
GPL, LGPL, AGPL, GFDL, CC-BY-SA
Alternative licenses
CopiarReconocimiento (BY - Attribution)
No comercial (NC - Noncommercial)
Sin obra derivada (ND - No Derivative
Works)
Compartir igual (SA - Share Alike)
Alternative licenses
copyright
copyleft
public domain
SOCIETY, TECHNOLOGY AND INTELLECTUAL
PROPERTY
Balance
Authors
Producers, distributors
ExhibitionPublicUsers
InternetP2P
InternetP2P
Concentration
Law and P2P
Laws• TRLPI• LSSI-CE• Penal Code
Terms in dispute
• Non-profit• Public distribution• Prejudice to third• Unauthorized reproduction
Non-profit
Public distribution
Prejudice to third (ceasing of profit) Harvard Business School Center of Economic research SEO and University of Amsterdam University of London Study of Foundation 'Alternativas' etc.
Unauthorized reproduction
PRIVATE COPY SAFE COPY
- Private use- No collective use- Not lucrative- Is disclosed
- Generated from the original- Without spirit of profit or damage to third parties- Legitimate owner of the original- Software copy only
DIGITAL ‘CANON’ DIGITAL ‘CANON’
Exceptions to the LPI
Reactions
Intellectual Property Laws
Technology
Use Extension
ISPsStrength Lenght
Authors
DamagesPublic domain
Books 1930
Movies 1927-46
(- Out of catalog)(- Available)
DamagesCreativity
Copy Remix
Professional
Amateur
DamagesNet Neutrality
Conclusion
USERS PROTOCOLS NET FILES
DarknetsDHT+PEX
P4PEncryption Massive storage
New ways
New models
- New products IN OWN CONTEXT- Attention means €€- CC Licenses
New models
“Every artist is a cannibal, and every poet is a thief”
U2