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CMPAK Week 48 Network Optimization Update Report

IMP Seminar

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Page 1: IMP Seminar

CMPAK Week 48 Network Optimization

Update Report

Page 2: IMP Seminar

Radio Frequency Planning and Optimization Field

Very interesting Highest paid jobs in Telecom Industry High Demand and Less Saturation White Choler job Common Concepts therefore No Hardware compatibility Issue

Continuous Learning Required Complex Logical Concepts High Responsibility Matrix

ADVANTAGES

DISADVANTAGES

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Module 1: Introduction to GSM Network Planning and Optimization

Module 2: Advanced Concepts in Network Planning and Optimization

Module 3: Network Planning and Optimization Tools

Duration: 1 days Duration: 1days Duration: 1 daysEligibility: None Eligibility: Module 1 Eligibility: Module 2 GSM Network Architecture Air Interface Channels Radio Interface structures Key Performance Indicator Basic Call Flows Basic Wireless Concepts GPRS and EDGGE Concepts

Call Flow Signaling Handover Signaling Flow Idle and Dedicated mode Behaviors Traffic Optimization cases Handover Algorithms Power Control Algorithms Key Performance Indicator Analysis

MapInfo basics Frequency planning tools Neighbor plan audit tools Site planning Coverage and capacity analysis tools Implications of Google Earth as tool

Module 4 : Network Analysis and Monitoring Tool Development

Module 5 : Drive Test workshop Module 6: Career Development

Duration: 1 days Duration: 1 days Duration: 1 daysEligibility: Module 3 Eligibility: Module 4 Eligibility: All modules Role of Database in Network planning

and Optimization Development of efficient database

system Network Monitoring tool

development Radio Interface Optimization tool

development

Drive test Basics Signaling flow analysis in drive

test(System Info) Parameter monitoring in Drive test Log File analysis and reporting Packet mode drive test Protocol Layer analysis in Drive test

Introduction to 3G Technology. CV Writing Skills. Interview Secrets. Tea Session with Telecom professionals. Career Opportunities. (Internships and Job

Opportunities) Visit to Telecom towers for practical

demonstrations.

Network Planning and Optimization Training Workshops

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GSM BASIC STRUCTURE

MS BTS BSC MSC PSTN

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FDMA (Frequency Division Multiple Access)

FDMATraffic channels are assigned to different users at different frequency band, such as TACS, AMPS

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TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access)

TDMATraffic channels are assigned to different users at different time, such as GSM, DAMPS.

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Wireless Multiple Access Methods

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CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access)

CDMATraffic channels are assigned to users at same time, same frequency band, but with different code.

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SITE SECTORIZATION

MICRO CELLS

Omnidirectional Antennas are usedUsed for indoor coverage like in Buildings

MACRO CELLS

Directional Antennas are usedUsed for overall coverage of the Network

R

Omni site

STSR65 °, three sectors

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COVERAGE PATTERNS

Theoretical Planned Coverage Actual Coverage

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FREQUENCY REUSE

Standard GSM has a total of 124 frequencies available for use in a network. Most network providers are unlikely to be able to use all of these frequencies and are generallyallocated a small subset of the 124.

4 Site/3 Cell

3 Site/3 Cell

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FREQUENCY REUSE 4 Site/3 Cell

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MS Modes

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HANDOVER CONCEPT

RHO_in>RHO_out lead to Pingpong HO HO

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Neighbor Planning

illogical Neighbor Plan Logical Neighbor Plan

What is Neighbor?

Tier 1 Neighbors (Immediate Neighbors)Tier 2 Neighbors (Not compulsory but they are added for precautions

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Frequency Audit

Bad Neighbor Plan Efficient Neighbor Plan

What is Interference?

Co Channel InterferenceAdjacent Channel Interference

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RADIO CHANNELS

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CONTROL CHANNELS

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Search for frequency correction burst Search for synchronization sequenceRead system information

Listen paging messageSend access burstWait for signaling channel allocation

Call setupAssign traffic channelConversationCall release

FCCHSCHBCCH

PCHRACHAGCH

SDCCHSDCCHTCHFACCH

RADIO CHANNELS

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CALL FLOW

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CALL FLOW – STEP1 RADIO LINK ESTABLISHMENT

T3113T3101

7 Sec3 Sec

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CALL FLOW – SDCCH PHASE

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CALL FLOW – TCH ASSIGNMENT

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CALL FLOW – ALERTING / CNX PHASE

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An Antenna is any device used to collect or radiate Electromagnetic Waves

ANTENNA

Type Frequency Range

GSM 900 890 - 960 MHzGSM 1800 1710 - 1880 MHz

890 - 960 MHz1710 - 1880 MHz

GSM Dual Band

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120° (eg) Peak

Peak - 10dB

Peak - 10dB

10dB Beamwidth

60° (eg) Peak

Peak - 3dB

Peak - 3dB

3dB Beamwidth

ANTENNA BEAMWIDTH

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Directional Antenna : 65°/90°/105°/120° Omni : 360°

Omni-directional Directional

ANTENNA Omni---Directional

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It is achieved by physically tilting the antenna out of the perpendicular by using down tilt kit

PROS: Cost efficient and flexible CON: Has no effect on the side-

lobe characteristics of the antenna

MECHANICAL DOWNTILT

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ELECTRICAL DOWNTILT

Electrical Downtilt can be fixed or adjustable Fixed is tuned by the manufacturer Adjustable allows adjustment in a certain

level on the rear of the antenna

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Non Down tilt Electronic Downtilt Mechanical Downtilt

DOWNTILT COMPARISON

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Environment BeamWidth Direction Down Tilt Environment Features

City 60-65 Directional antenna Fixed electrical tilt

down Densely deployed BTS , Small coverage areaHigh Traffic, Increase frequency reuse factor

Sub Urban 90°105° Directional antenna Mechanical tilt down Loosely deployed BTS light traffic,

large coverage

High Way 30° Directional antenna No Down Tilt

Low trafficFast moving subscribers

Focus on coverage.Strip coverage

Two sectorsOmni-cell when pass towns or tourist site

Mountainous Depends Upon Terrain

Omni or directional Depends Upon Terrain

Block by mountainsBig propagation loss

Difficult to cover

ANTENNA SELECTION

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SYSTEM PERFORMANCE

ACCESSIBILITY RETAINABILITY QUALITY

CSSR

CALL DROP RATE (INCLUDE HO)

TCH ASSIGNMENT RATE

IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT RATE

CALL DROP RATE (EXCLUDE HO)

HO SUCCESS RATE

TCH CONGESTION

RX QUALITY UL

RX QUALITY DL

PSR

UL / DL BALANCE

NETWORK COVERAGE

SDCCH CONGESTION RATE

Statistical Data: KPI

Key Performance Index

Performance CountersTimersWorst Cells

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Statistical Data: KPI FORMULAS

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Slight degradation in GoS SDCCH due to fluctuations after

rain.

Traffic rise

EID Fitar2011: increase in traffic caused increase in Blocking EID AZHA 2011: increase

in traffic caused increase in Blocking

GoS KPIs are degraded due to increase in TCH Traffic after LBC Launch. Expansion is pending on Cell ID 14012,14016,14881 and

24006 in Faisalabad City

Statistical Data: KPI TREND SAMPLE

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DCR was further degraded due to increase in “No of Call Drops due to Equipment failures and Abis drops, on 10 cells. Issue was resolved later

DCR was increased due to increase in hardware Issues and reversion of T305 and T308

DCR was decreased due to Implementation of trial for T305 and T308

Degradation in DCR was due to fluctuations in Faisalabad City after rain

EID 2011 –Increase in traffic caused increase in DCR.

Fluctuations and hardware issues caused increase in DCR.

Ramadan Traffic Increase & Monsoon (Fluctuations/Outages/Ducting) caused major increase in DCR

After reducing the TRXs Power to default value, improvement in all KPIs was observed due to decrease in interference. Total No of drops reduce but due to decrease in Ho attempts almost 8% of the total and DCR increased slight .

DCR degraded due to External Interference caused by Jammer installed in IGBE and PAF base. Increase in TCH Traffic has also caused degradation in DCR.

Statistical Data: KPI TREND SAMPLE

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PRE Rx Level Sub Post Rx Level Sub

Drive Test

DT KPIsRx Level ((Idle /Dedicated mode)TA (dedicated Mode)Rx Quality(dedicated Mode)SQI (dedicated Mode)MOS (dedicated Mode)

Drive in Car with Testing Equipment

TemsDownlink OnlyReal time Network Performance PictureCustomer Complains

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TEMS SNAPSHOT

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BAND COMPARISON

GSM 900 Low Propagation Loss High Penetration Loss More Coverage, Less

Quality GSM 900 has less

channels Better in rural area where

a lot of area is required to be covered.

GSM 1800 High Propagation Loss Low Penetration Loss Less Coverage, More

Quality GSM 1800 can occupy more

users with in less range as compared to GSM 900.

Better in densely populated area like cities and urban environment.

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Channel Type Supporting Services

CS 12.2K Voice

CS 64K Video Phone

PS 64K Email, Web

PS 384K Email, Web ,Video Streaming, Mobil TV

HSPA Best Effort service

SERVICE AND BEARER TYPES

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GSM Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) Carrier bandwidth 5MHz Soft capacity Soft handover and fast power control Self-interfering system, the key lying in interference control Cell respiration effect, avoiding mixed-BTS-distribution networking Usually uplink-limited coverage CS and high-speed PS services available

FDMA + TDMA Carrier bandwidth 200KHz Hard capacity No soft handover or fast power control Relatively easy interference control Mixed-BTS-distribution networking to boost capacity Cell radius determined by link budget of balanced uplink and downlink CS and low-speed PS services

GSMUMTS

Major differences between UMTS and GSM technologies and network planning

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RF Tools & Automation:No process can survive for longer term is executed on manual basis. Large-scale projects require

automation of recursive and repetitive tasks and manually handling is highly discouraged.

Similar approach is adopted in ZTE and RF performance and auditing tools have been established to automate periodic tasks and reduce wastage of man power and hence in turn improve time and resource

efficiency.

Our Project is to develop an intelligent and integrated platform for monitoring and optimizing wireless Network performance

RF TOOLS AND AUTOMATION

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TOOL DEVELOPMENT CONCEPT

Idea is to develop interface on C# and Database in SQL Server 2010. But we can change it if required.

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1. Import KPI (Key Performance Data Index) of Multi Vendors e-g ZTE, Huawei, NSN……Export Network Level KPI Stats by merging Multi-Vendor data on different Levels a. Hourly KPIS b. Day Average KPIs with Customize Hours c. Static Busy Hour KPIs d. Bouncing Busy Hour KPIs 2. Graphical Display of KPIs on all Level at all possible time intervals.3. Worst Cell Calculation on customize time level at customize time Interval4. Site Info Database5. Import Parameter from Raw form6. Parameter Discrepancy Audits from Parameter Database7. Neighbor Relation Discrepancies8. Hardware Trouble Tickets Database9. Import Alarms Raw data and Generate useful User-friendly Report.10. Customized Alarm Reports11. Customized KPI Reports

FUNCTIONS

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