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Immigration. Chapter 6.1. Statue of Liberty. Statue Symbols : Torch : liberty Crown: seven seas and seven continents Chains: freedom from tyranny (end of slavery) Book: July 4, 1776 Independence Day Emma Lazarus Poem: - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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ImmigrationChapter 6.1
Statue of Liberty Statue Symbols:
Torch : liberty
Crown: seven seas and seven continents
Chains: freedom from tyranny (end of slavery)
Book: July 4, 1776 Independence Day
Emma Lazarus Poem: “Give me you tired, your poor, Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, The wretched refuse of your teeming shore. Send these, the homeless, tempest-tossed to me. I lift my lamp beside the golden door!”
Coming to America
Plentiful land
Jobs
Opportunity for better
life
Europe
Economic Troubles (poverty &
overcrowding)
Push Factors (reasons to leave) Pull Factors(reasons to come)
Travelling Steerage
Hunger (famine such as
Irish Potato Famine)
Persecution(discriminate for being different
such as the Jews)
Push & Pull Factors
Immigration to America1820-1920 Germany 5,500,000 Ireland 4,400,000 Italy 4,190,000 Austria-Hungary 3,700,000 Russia 3,250,000 England 2,500,000
What countries are preferred by Americans?What countries are not acceptable to Nativists?
How did immigration change in the late 19th Century? Eastern and Southern Europe
(80% of new immigrants) Russians, Hungarians and Poles Italians, Greeks and Portuguese
Different Religions Most were either Catholics and Jews
Unfamiliar languages and cultural beliefs Chinese and Japanese were the most different
Ellis Island Arrival off steamship
Family Arrives at Ellis Island
Ellis Island Inspection
Medical Inspections at Ellis Island
SlavicImmigrant
Jewish Immigrant
North AfricanImmigrant
Statue of Liberty from Ellis Island
The Golden Door – Land of Opportunity
Angel Island
Angel Island Detention Centers 175,000 immigrants
Asian Immigrants
What was the journey like to America on a steamship across the Atlantic? Ocean voyage of 12 days Traveled “steerage” – cheapest ticket Placed on the lower decks
(inside the ship without windows) Most entered through Ellis Island near NYC
Needed to pass health inspection Asked a series of questions
What is the Nativist Movement? WASP (W... Anglo-Saxon P…) People who opposed immigration and attempted to restrict
immigrants from certain countries (“Know Nothing Party” and the KKK)
What is its opinion on immigration? Against the “new” immigrants who were different Against foreign languages, unfamiliar religions
and distinctive customs
Immigration Political Cartoon 1
Immigration Political Cartoon #2
How did these laws and agreements restrict immigration? Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882
Prohibited Chinese workers from entering the US for 10 years (renewed in 1892 and 1902)
Gentleman’s Agreement with Japan 1907 Limits number of Japanese immigrants
Immigration Act of 1917 Required immigrants to pass a literacy test
Immigration Political Cartoon #3
Political Cartoon #4
Is Immigration in the 19th Century good for America?
Yes Hard workers Economy needs
workers, economy grows
Skilled workers Diversity (food, music,
dress,art…) Would you be here?
No Take everyone’s
jobs Increased crime? Different culture
(language, religion, dress, lifestyle)
Low pay for jobs Too many people
Is America a melting pot?
Urbanization
Brooklyn Bridge (Today and 1900)
Pell Bridge in Newport1600ft
Galloping Gertie (Tacoma Narrows)
Longest Bridges in the World (Today)
Rank Bridge Location Feet Completed
1 Akashi Kaikyo Hyogo, Japan 6,529 1998
2 Izmit Bay Marmara Sea, Turkey 5,472 UC
3 Storebaelt Denmark 5,328 1998
4 Humber Humberside, England 4,626 1981
5 Jiangyin Yangtze River, China 4,543 1999
6 Tsing Ma Hong Kong 4,518 1997
7 Verrazano-Narrows Lower New York Bay 4,260 1964
8 Golden Gate San Francisco Bay 4,200 1937
9 Hoga Kusten Stockholm, Sweden 3,969 1997
10 Mackinac Mackinac Straits, Mich. 3,800 1957
Akashi Kaikyo Bridge (Kobe, Japan)
Eads Bridge
Woolworth Building, NYC“cathedral to
commerce”
Tallest Buildings Today
Chrysler Building NYC
Singapore Flyer 541 feet tall 28 capsules
Central Park, NYCOlmstead
Frederick Law Olmsted and the Capitol Building Grounds
Urbanization 1. Growth a. What are the major cities in the United States that
experienced growth? New York (1), Detroit, Chicago (2) (80% immigrants) Philadelphia (3), St. Louis (4), Boston (5), Providence (20) Other fast growing cities – Pittsburgh, Cleveland, San Francisco
b. Who moved into the cities? Immigrants Native born Americans farmers African-Americans
American Cities in 1900
Rank Place Population1 New York, N.Y. 3,437,202
2 Chicago, Ill. 1,698,575
3 Philadelphia, Pa. 1,293,697
4 St. Louis, Mo. 575,238
5 Boston, Mass. 560,892
6 Baltimore, Md. 508,957
7 Cleveland, Ohio 381,768
8 Buffalo, N.Y. 352,387
9 San Francisco, Calif. 342,782
10 Cincinnati, Ohio 325,902
13 Detroit, Mich. 285,704
American Cities in
1920Rank Place Population
1 New York, N.Y. 5,620,048
2 Chicago, Ill. 2,701,705
3 Philadelphia, Pa. 1,823,779
4 Detroit, Mich. 993,078
5 Cleveland, Ohio 796,841
6 St. Louis, Mo. 772,897
7 Boston, Mass. 748,060
8 Baltimore, Md. 733,826
9 Pittsburgh, Pa. 588,343
10 Los Angeles, Calif. 576,673
American Cities in
1940Rank Place Population
1 New York, N.Y. 7,454,995
2 Chicago, Ill. 3,396,808
3 Philadelphia, Pa. 1,931,334
4 Detroit, Mich. 1,623,452
5 Los Angeles, Calif. 1,504,277
6 Cleveland, Ohio 878,336
7 Baltimore, Md. 859,100
8 St. Louis, Mo. 816,048
9 Boston, Mass. 770,816
10 Pittsburgh, Pa. 671,659
American Cities Today (2005) Place Population
New York, N.Y. 8,143,197
Los Angeles, Calif. 3,844,829
Chicago, Ill. 2,842,518
Houston, Tex. 2,016,582
Philadelphia, Pa. 1,463,281
Phoenix, Ariz. 1,461,575
San Antonio, Tex. 1,256,509
San Diego, Calif. 1,255,540
Dallas, Tex. 1,213,825
San Jose, Calif. 912,332
Rank
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
c. What difficulties or problems did cities face with rapid growth? Waste:
garbage and horse manure on streets sewers overflowed with human waste
Health Problems Contagious diseases spread (tuberculosis) baby deaths rise (whooping cough, diphtheria, measles)
Poverty homeless gangs and crime
Fire
GILDED AGE: What was meant by the term Gilded Age? Gilded – covered with a thin layer of gold A small group of super rich people A huge group of poor people
City Life: Poor (tenement)
City Life:
Middle Class
City Life: Very Rich
4. New Technology (Bigger is better!)
skyscraper
4. New Technology (Bigger is better!)
bridges
4. New Technology (Bigger is better!)
entertainment
4. New Technology (Bigger is better!)
parks
Progressives
Fighting Corruption a. What is corruption?
b. What are political machines? ______
c. Who is Boss Tweed?
CorruptionPolitical Machines & Boss Tweed Thomas Nast
Spoils System
Spoils System Pendelton Act 1883
Monopoly
Monopoly Sherman Anti-Trust 1890
Railroads
Railroad Oligopoly Interstate Commerce Act 1887 & ICC
Food Mukrakers & Upton Sinclair The Jungle
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