Ellis Island, New York

U.S. History IIImmigration, 1877-1924A Century of Immigration: 1820 - 19205,907,893 Germans16.4% of all immigrants25-36% between 1830-18904,578,941 Irish12.7% of all immigrants35-45% between 1830-18604,195,880 Italians3,000,000 between 1901-19202,147,859 Scandinavians

Why They Left Push FactorsLack of jobsAgriculture no longer viableEscaping persecutionDodging the draft

Irish Tenants EvictedWhy They Came Pull FactorsWages 2-3 times higher in U.S.Friends & relatives already hereGreater economic, social, & political freedom

Immigrants on boardHow They Came MeansRecruitmentPadronesSteamshipsBirds of Passage

HMS Majestic, White Star Line, 1889Cabin vs. Steerage Accommodations

Ellis Island, New York

Covered Entrance

Great Hall

Inspection

Hearing Room

Where Immigrants Settled

Urban Immigrants

Ethnic GhettoesNever completely homogenousDumbbell tenementsCreated organizations to preserve cultureChurchesSchoolsBenevolent associationsSinging clubsMulberry St., ManhattanBedford/St. Martins, 2000

Tenement SweatshopBedford/St. Martins, 2000

Cooperation For Survival:Think about: Finding a place to live, a job, understanding the language and culture in a new countryMany immigrants settled in communities with other immigrants from same country.

16Angel Island:Not all immigrants came through Ellis IslandAngel Island - Immigration station for the Asian immigrants arriving on the West Coast- San Francisco.Inspection process more difficult than on Ellis Island. (filthy conditions, harsh questioning)

17Immigration Restrictions:America started to be called a MELTING POT - Many cultures & races had blended But, many immigrants refused to give up their culture.

18The Rise of Nativism:Some Americans didnt like so many immigrants living in the U.S.NATIVISM- preference for native-born Americans.Nativism1. Gave rise to anti-immigrant groups 2. Led to a demand for immigration restrictions.

19Citizenship TestThe idea of self-government is in the first three words of the Constitution. What are these words?A: We the PeopleWhat do we call the first ten amendments to the Constitution?A: The Bill of RightsHow many amendments does the Constitution have?A: 27What are two rights in the Declaration of Independence?A:life, liberty, pursuit of happinessWe elect a U.S. Senator for how many years?A: 6 yrs We elect a U.S. Representative for how many years?A:2 yrsWhat is the name of the Vice President of the United States now?A: Joe Biden

If both the President and the Vice President can no longer serve, who becomes President?A: Speaker of the HouseUnder our Constitution, some powers belong to the states. What is one power of the states?provide schooling and educationprovide protection (police)provide safety (fire departments)give a drivers licenseapprove zoning and land useWho is the Governor of your state now? A:Mike PenceWhat territory did the United States buy from France in 1803?A: Louisiana TerritoryName the U.S. war between the North and the SouthThe Civil WarAngel Island ReadingWhy was Angel Island known as the Ellis Island of the west?Why did it matter that Wong looked wealthy and had money on him?How did the Lopez familys experience differ from Wongs? Why were they not allowed in the U.S.?What were the strikes against the 6 Korean students and why were they finally allowed in?Why did Soto Shee try to commit suicide there?Describe the differences and similarities you see between Ellis and Angel Island. Which would you have preferred to go through and why?

Immigration WritingWrite a two paragraph response to what you have learned about immigration to the U.S. Use the following questions as a guide:Why do so many people in other countries want to come to the U.S.?How much do you appreciate being a U.S. citizen?How do you feel about past policies such as the Chinese Exclusion Act and quotas on certain groups (such as Jews)?How important is it for America to remain open to new people and what restrictions should be used today?Project: Things to ConsiderWhat do I want to learn about my family?Who will I talk to in order to learn this?What details will I include in my essay and which will I leave out?Why is it important to learn about my familys history?