Slide 2 Imaging Informatics Telemedicine & Teledentistry Dr
Ebtissam Al-Madi Slide 3 Biomedical imaging informatics Is the
study of methods for generating, manipulating, managing, and
integrating images in many biomedical applications Slide 4 Tasks of
imaging informatics Image generation Process of generating images
and converting them to digital form Image manipulation Uses
preprocessing and post processing methods to enhance, visualize, or
analyze the images. Image management Includes methods of storing,
transmitting, displaying, retrieving, and organizing images. Image
integration The combination of images with other information needed
for interpretation, management, and other tasks. Slide 5 Basic
concepts Digital images Represented in a computer by a 2
dimensional array of numbers (a bit map). Each element of the array
represents the intensity of a small square area of the picture
called a pixel. Once pictures are in digital form, they can be
handled (transmitted, stored, displayed and manipulated) like any
data. Slide 6 Basic concepts Imaging Parameters: Spatial resolution
It is a measure of how well the imaging modality can distinguish
points on the object that are close together. Is related to the
sharpness of the image. It is the number of pixels per image.
Contrast resolution It is a measure of the ability to distinguish
small differences in intensity. It is related to the difference in
measurable parameters such as xray attenuation. It is the number of
bits per pixel. Temporal resolution It is the measure of the time
needed to create an image. It can be real-time if the images are
created concurrent with the physical process (30 images a second).
Slide 7 Applications of medical imaging Structural imaging Two-
dimensional images Three dimensional images Functional imaging
Image based functional mapping Non-image based functional mapping
Slide 8 Areas of development for structural imaging Energy Source:
Light X-rays Ultrasound Nuclear Magnetic resonance Reconstruction
Methods Higher Dimensionality Contrast agents New structural
imaging methods Slide 9 Roles for imaging in biomedicine Detection
and diagnosis Assessment and planning Guidance of procedures
Communication Education and training Research Slide 10 Assess
clinical problem Communicate results and recommendations Request/
schedule exam Assess quality/monitor performance Educate/train,
provide feedback Analyze/ interpret findings Perform exam The
Radiologic process Slide 11 Image Management and Display Image
acquisition Storage Requirements Image Transmission Standardization
of formats Display Capabilities Cost Slide 12 PACS: Picture
Archiving and communication systems Slide 13 TELEHEALTH Slide 14
TeleHealth Telehealth is the delivery of health-related services
and information via telecommunications technologies. Telehealth
delivery could be as simple as two health professionals discussing
a case over the telephone, or as sophisticated as using
videoconferencing between providers at facilities in two countries,
or even as complex as robotic technology. Slide 15 Tele health
Direct access to health information resources by consumers Consumer
health related messaging Remote monitoring Remote interpretation
Video based telehealth Slide 16 Types of Telehealth Telehealth:
refer to clinical and non-clinical services such as medical
education, administration, and research Telemedicine: telemedicine
often refers only to the provision of clinical services
Telecardiology ECG or electrocardiograph can be transmitted using
telephone and wireless Teleradiology; is the ability to send
radiographic images (xrays, CT, MR, PET/CT, SPECT/CT, MG, US...)
from one location to another Telepsychiatry: Allows anonymity of
patient and less social stigma, physical examinations are not
important. Correctional telehealth: Telehealth for prisoners in
correctional facilities Teledentistry: is the use of information
technology and telecommunications for dental care, consultation,
education, and public awareness Slide 17 Connections Patient Peer
support networks Consumer health resources Tel Home Care Tele
presences, remote surgery Video conferencing- telephone- messaging
Imaging Family, friends other patients Patient Images Specialist
Primary care provider EHR Health Related websites General
information websites Nurse Surgeon Slide 18 Benefits of
telemedicine Provides care for those living in remote areas
Provides consultation, education and back up for specialists in
remote areas Decreases costs Better care in remote monitoring for
patients Reduce visits to hospital and reduce congestion in
hospitals Provide help for patients in areas not able to be reached
conventionally Slide 19 Types of Telemedicine Store-and-forward
telemedicine involves acquiring medical data (like medical images,
biosignals etc) and then transmitting this data to a doctor or
medical specialist at a convenient time for assessment
offlinemedical images biosignals offline Remote monitoring: also
known as self-monitoring/testing, enables medical professionals to
monitor a patient remotely using various technological devices.
Interactive telemedicine: provide real-time interactions between
patient and provider, to include phone conversations and online
communication. Slide 20 Teledentistry using the Internet to consult
with an expert. This consultation could be: direct (between the
patient and the expert) indirect (between the patients doctor and
the expert). Slide 21 Evolution of teledentistry Phone call to
expert Fax charts and records Internet: scanned image, digital
image, and audio transfer of requests Slide 22 Uses of
teledentistry Conditions that only visual inspection or history is
needed for interpretation Oral medicine Chronic Facial Pain
Assisting patients with concerns: Trauma Finding a dentist Specific
organizations with urban and rural centers: MOH, KFSH, MOD, ect
Slide 23 Challenges and future directions Quality of information
and content credentialing Ensuring provision of care Licensure of
providers Reimbursement of providers Emerging roles of health
professionals Robotics utilization Slide 24 InteractiveMD is a
telehealth company that connects patients with doctors via
real-time videoconferencing, phone, and secure email, MDLiveCare is
an on-demand telehealth company that provides patients with remote
access via video, phone, and secure email to board certified
doctors and licensed therapists. Recently, the company partnered
with Google Health to allow their users to sync the data shared
during telehealth consultations with their online health
records.telehealthGoogle Health Slide 25 Virtual healthcare
http://www.ahfmr.ab.ca/researchnews/2010/spri ng/virtualhealthcare/
IPhones deliver medical scans to MDs
http://www.cbc.ca/canada/calgary/story/2010/04/
20/calgary-iphone-mitchell-application-scan- mri.html?ref=rss
Teledentistry in Use:
http://www.urmc.rochester.edu/news/story/index. cfm?id=1774 Slide
26 This weeks assignments Log on to
http://faculty.ksu.edu.sa/ealmadi/182DEN/default.aspx
http://faculty.ksu.edu.sa/ealmadi/182DEN/default.aspx 1.View this
lecture online for review. 2.Article this week: suggested reading
only 3.Participate in discussion: If you are assigned to become a
dentist in a MOH clinic in a small remote village in Saudi arabia,
how will you propose that utilization of teledentistry will help
you. Defend your proposal to the ministry. ViewRead Discuss
