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April 18, 2011

MESSAGE

I am happy to know that the Instrumentation Forum is bringing out its annual magazine

IMAGE-2011. I appreciate the hard work put in by the editorial team to bring out the magazine.I am sure that the articles contained in the magazine will provide useul inormation to thereaders and will help create new ideas in the minds o young students. I wish the members o the editorial team success in their endeavour.

B.N.Jain

Pro. B.N.JainVice Chancellor

Birla Institute o Science and TechnologyPILANI 333031 RAJASHAN, INDIA

Phone : +91-1596-244470Ext: 255/247

E-Mail : [email protected] : www.bits-pilani.ac.in

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April 18, 2011

MESSAGE

My sincere appreciations and applaud to editorial team o Instrumentation orumsyearly magazine IMAGE 2011 to bring out ideas, experiences, new technology paradigm.

I am extremely pleased with their laudable efforts and trust that IMAGE reading willbe an exciting, eventul learning experience or one and all.

Surekha Bhanot

Pro. (Mrs.) Surekha BhanotUnit Chie, Instrumentation Unit


Phone : 01596-245073Fax : 01596-244183


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April 18, 2011

MESSAGE

I am happy to know that the Instrumentation Forum annual magazine IMAGE2011 is bringing out students innovative ideas and will provide them an opportunity toproject their proessional and technical capabilities in the text orm. I am sure this issueo the magazine will make a glorious impact on the prestigious tradition o the studentsINSRUMENAION FORUM via introducing the latest trends in Electronics andInstrumentation.

I congratulate the Editorial eam or their ruitul effort and wish to all my dearstudents a happy and successul academic and proessional career.

V K Chaubey

Pro. V. K. ChaubeyGroup Leader,

Electronics and Instrumentation Group


Phone : +91-1596-245073Fax : +91-1596-244183


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WhenI came

to the orum

first,had ne

ver Imagined

would

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--NIMISH

TRIPATHI

Editor,IMAGE2

011

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SIXTH SENSETheTechnological Revolution

--ABHINAV S

Weve evolved over millions o years to sense the world around us. When we encounter something,someone or some place, we use our five natural senses to perceive inormation about it; that

inormation helps us make decisions and chose the right actions to take. But arguably the most useulinormation that can help us make the right decision is not naturally perceivable with our five senses, namelythe data, inormation and knowledge that mankind has accumulated about everything and which is increasinglyall available online. Although the miniaturization ocomputing devices allows us to carry computers in ourpockets, keeping us continually connected to the digitalworld, there is no link between our digital devices andour interactions with the physical world. Inormation isconfined traditionally on paper or digitally on a screen. Tesixth sense is a wearable gestural interace that augmentsthe physical world around us with the digital inormation

and lets us use natural hand gestures to interact with thatinormation. It was developed by Pranav Mistry a PhDstudent in the Fluid interaces Group at the MI media lab.Pranav was possessed by the idea that there could be meansby which the distance between the physical and the digitalspheres could be reduced. He wanted to integrate the physical world with the digital world. Tis dream was realized

via his Sixth Sense device which bridges the gap by bringing intangible, digital inormation out into the tangibleworld and allowing us to interact with this inormation with our biological hand. SixthSense rees inormationrom its confines by seamlessly integrating it with reality, and thus making the entire world your computer.

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IMAGE11COMPONENS OF SIXH SENSE

Te hardware components are coupled in a pendant likmobile wearing device. It consists o a camera, projectomirror, mobile component and colored marker

It senses the users hand gestures and captures a

object in view. It stores this data and then sends to a smart phone. It is meant to act as a digital eyconnecting the user to the world o digital inormation

Te tiny but highly efficient LED projector projects th

visual inormation and data sent rom the smart phone oany surace in view like a table, a wall or even a personIt is powered by a battery with 3 hrs. o running tim

M Te mirror assists the projector to project at different angles by reflecting light since it danglerom the neck and points downward. A web enabled smart phone in the users pocket procesthe video data. It is wirelessly connected to the camera and the projector and is Bluetootenabled. It also searches the web and retrieves inormation about any object in consideration

C MTey are multicolored tiny rings which are fixed at the tip o the users fingers. Marking the fingers witred, yellow, green and blue helps the webcam recognize hand gestures. Te movement o these markeris interpreted into gestures that act as interaction instructions or the projected application interace

WORKING OF SIXH SENSE

Te camera captures images, hand gestures and videos and sends these to the smart phone or processing. Te smart phone retrieves inormation about this visual data rom the internet and displays this inormation on any physical surace via the projector. Voila! Tus we can easily access inormation about anythin

at all without using our mobile phones, our PC, notebooks or even palm tops. Tus we are able to directly interact with the digital inormation with our physical movements which is exactly what Pranav wanted

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IMAGE11MINDBLOWING APPLICAIONS OF HE SIXH SENSEM Te sixth sense can be used to project a keypad onto our palm and we can use this virtual keypad todial the number and make a call via the smart phone.

W With the map application we can project themap o any area and then use our fingers to

zoom or finding a particular city or location.D WTe user can draw a circular shape on his wrist or anyother place with the tip o his finger and a virtual clockwill be projected on the wrist which displays the time.

D P ( ) Sixth sense can be programmed to project related

videos onto newspaper articles that we are reading with the help o the projector. Hence we can

read an article on Julian Assange and simultaneously watch him speaking or giving an interview.

D ATe sixth sense gives the user the power to draw to any surace bytracing movements by the finger tips which contain the colored caps.

Z Te user can zoom into any imageby using intuitive hand movements.

G Te sixth sense uses image recognition or markertechnology to recognize products we pick upand eed us inormation about the product.

B Te device can project amazon ratings as well as user

reviews on the books which we pick up at a book shop.

G Te system

will recognize

the boarding pass and let us know i the flight

has been delayed or i the gate has changed.F Te system will project relevant inormation about aperson such as what they do, where they work, educationalqualification etc. based on the results ound on the net.C I we position the thumb and index finger o both thehands to orm a square like structure, then the systemrecognizes this as an instruction to take a photo.

Using this eature we can pinch and drop any image onto a surace, make changes in them and thenprint the modified version o the same.Te sixth sense is the zenith o all technological innovationsand has the advantages o being portable, cost effective and accessing data rom the machine in realtime. And due to the benevolence o Pranav Mistry this system has been put up as an open sourceware which will enable users to make urther modifications and improve the device limitlessly.

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ITS ALL IN THE MIND--Shruti Inamdar

Its all in THE MIND

what are your thoughts,that you shall nd,

Its your choice,sit with the past and lie behind,or march aheadto prepare the future you unwind.

Madame Curie herself said,Nothing is to be feared,but understood,So fearlessly believe yourself,to cut your way through any dark wood.

Heroes are made by the challenges theystood,this is what Louis Pasteur said,Perseverance of Edison,has brought the world ahead.

The strenght is within you,may be latent,education and wisdommake it patent.

Its all in the mind,It shows where a dark cloud is silver lined.

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No, its not an iPad wannabe, nor is it a new eReader. Its got no apps or games or booksstored on its memory card. Tis simple tablet device takes the place o pen and paper, thatsall. It has a simple real-paper-look interace that allows you to make notes or sketches oruture reerence, then save or delete them. With a long lie battery (180h) and a $99 pricepoint, its awully tempting to see how well it would work. Unortunately, youll have to

wait until June o this year to actually put your hands on one, but it could just be worth it.

Looks like the basic model along with the white and black version will be availableJune 2011, while the red, green, and blue ones will be available in December 2011.

DESIGNER GADGETS : noteslate

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IMAGE113) Chip inserter.Tis tool is designed to insert a DIP chip into a circuit board even though theleads are bent outwards, as they come rom the actory. You slide the chip into the

end o the tool, put it where it goes, and press the button to push it into the board.

When aligned correctly, they do a good job o putting even pressure across the chip.4) IC Lead Straightener ool.When you get chips, the leads arent quite parallel, so they dont quite fit in a socket or PCB without

some pre-bending. A quick squeeze o this crimper, andthey fit perectly. By perorming the straightening role,it eliminates the primary need or the DIP insertiontool, which is to straighten the leads as they are inserted.

You need adifferent one foreach packagestyle. We havetwo - theyrecheap at localsurplus stores.

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IMAGE115) IC Popper.

When you are scavenging parts off o boards,you need a way to get the chips off. Slide the

very fine wire ends under surace mount com-ponents to lif them off when using hot air tomelt the solder.

Billy has a hard time, getting used tothe new foreign exchange student thatcame to his school.

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-- SHAUVIK AGRAWAL

You have to learn the rules o the game. And then you have to play better than anyone else.

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IMAGE11Anybody can achieve anything. Do you believe that? I doBut there is a warning that must be made. Tose who succeed are those

who walk through the door o opportunity when it swings open. Tat weknow. But what is the secret to getting through the door o opportunity?Being outside the door when it swings open.You see, you never know when the door o opportunity

is going to open wide. For some, the big break comes early in lie and or others later on. But or al

o those who become successul, there is one key similarity: Tey were ready. And or every one othose who were ready, there were thousands morewho werent. So, the principle or us is : Be ready!Are you ready? Here are some thoughts or

you to consider. Are your skills as sharp as theycould be? Are they enough so when your shotcomes you can perorm? Is your character deepenough to handle success? Lets ace it; youdont want big success i your character wontbe able to handle it. Are you working hard to

position yoursel now? Te job to do whilewaiting or the door to open is , to develop yourskills and character, so as to position yourselto get through the door beore it closes. Yourdoor will open someday. It opens or everyone. It may only open once or it may open manytimes. It is different or everyone and lie just isnt air that way. But everybody gets a shot. Wilyou be ready? When the huge door o opportunity opens up, will you be able to walk boldlythrough it? Do everything you can to be ready. Dont just sit and wish and dream. Be proactiveand make sure that you are the most qualified when the door opens. Make sure that you are

the hardest worker. Make sure you are the closest to the door. When it opens BE READYShhhh. Do you hear that? Hinges creaking ! It is the sound o

the door opening. Your door o opportunity! Are you ready

May the bridges

I burn light theway.

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IMAGE11

Your laser pointer could be doingso much more than highlightingPowerPoint slides and blowing

your cat's mind. It could besculpting ice, sparking campfires,or searing one bad hole on yourriends leather jacket. Here's howto give a standard pointer a power

upgrade.

1 Disassemble the unit by removingthe batteries, opening the housing,and taking out the laser module.

2 Search the circuit board or avariable resistor. Resembling a tinyPhillips-head screw, it's the key to

boosting the current.

3 o intensiy the beam, use asmall screwdriver to gently tightenthe resistor. Just don't tighten it all

the way your cheapo laser willburn out instantly.

4 Reassemble and aim yourpotent pointer at sae targets likeice, wood, or plastic. (Please, no

people, animals, or airplanes!)

Amplify a LASER PointerHOWTO

TIPS n TRICKS

-- Nimish Tripathi

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Automation goes Hybrid!Programmable Automation Controller or simply PAC is a solution to the industry requiremento a controller that is as rugged and as reliable asthe PLC and as customizable and as centralizedas a PC-based control system. PAC is basicallya compact controller that combines the eaturesand capabilities o a PC-based control systemwith that o a typical programmable logiccontroller (PLC). PACs are most ofen used

in industrial settings or process control, dataacquisition, remote equipment monitoring,machine vision, and motion control.Origin o the term PAC is credited to the ArcAdvisory Group, an analyst group ocused onthe manuacturing industry. It was done soback in 2001 in order or the manuacturersto better communicate to the users/customers the capabilities o their products.

PACas a solution or the uture owing to the highly competitive scheme othings today. Tey are looking or technologies that combine the goodpoints o PLCs and PC-based control systems and hence enhance productivity.

-- Shashank Kulkarni

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PAC Project Software Suite from Opto 22Optp 22s PAC Project software suite is an example of PAC

software.Fully integrated with SNAP PAC controllers, the suite

includes control programming and HMI development software,

plus optional OPC server and database connectivity software.

Conventional Control Systems

Beore the concept o PACs came about, the manuacturing industriesgenerally implemented either PC-based control systems or the evenolder yet reliable PLC-based systems. Each system has its pros and cons.

For instance, PC-based

systems are known orproviding effective and reliablecontrol, with no requirementor additional processors orcomplex hardware additions.raditional automation andcontrol systems typicallycomprise a number o hardwareand sofware elements; a PC

or process visualization, hardPLCs with coprocessor cards,coprocessor PLCs, I/O viafield bus, motion control viaparallel cabling and a selectiono sofware operating systemsand programming languages.Te disadvantages o thisapproach being high hardwareand sofware costs, complexityo system design and build plus,in many applications, limitedunctionality. A PC-basedcontrol system overcomes thisdisadvantage by eliminating the

need o a PLC as a coprocessor. Also, very complex process control, such as used in the chemical industry,may require algorithms and perormance beyond the capability o even high-perormance PLCs.On the contrary, the traditional PLC based systems are believed to be the most reliable controlsystems in a harsh manuacturing environment where the PC-based control systems ail. PLC-

based systems are easy to understand and technical assistance is readily available. PLCs are well-adapted to a range o automation tasks. Tese are typically industrial processes in manuacturingwhere the cost o developing and maintaining the automation system is high relative to thetotal cost o the automation, and where changes to the system would be expected during itsoperational lie. PLCs contain input and output devices compatible with industrial pilot devicesand controls; little electrical design is required, and the design problem centers on expressing thedesired sequence o operations. PLC applications are typically highly customized systems so thecost o a packaged PLC is low compared to the cost o a specific custom-built controller design.

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IMAGE11PAC v/s PLC v/s PC

Communication: PACs and PC-based control systems unction and communicate ovepopular network interace protocols like CP/IP, OLE or process control (OPC) and SMPand hence are able to transer data rom the machines they control to other machines andcomponents in a networked control system or to application sofware and databases. PLCsupport the more primitive hardware-intensive communication protocols like RS232, EIA485Modbus, Profibus and other specialized industrial communication protocols. Modern PLCalso have integrated internet modules hence lending way to protocols like HP, CP/IP etc

Programming: PLCs are programmed using ladder diagrams or sequential flow charts, theormer being by ar the most popular choice. PC-based control systems are programmedusing sofware provided by the manuacturer. But PACs are unique in the programmingmethodology. PACs, in contrast to PLCs, use an integrated development environmenwith a common tag database. Once data tags are created or control, they are automaticallyavailable or an HMI and exchange with databases or other systems based on open standardssuch as OPC or Modbus/CP. Hence, PACs have the advantage o being aster compared toPLCs as a change in a particular variable is reflected almost immediately at each instance

o that variable in the program, which is not the case with ladder diagrams in PLC

Speed: PLCs have a cycle wherein the inputs are read, processing is done, communication takeplace and outputs are updated. Hence the speed o the PLC is largely dependent on the numbeo inputs to the PLC. Tis is an undesirable characteristic in complex application. In PAC, thecommon tag database removes the need to constantly read each and every input. PACs scan I/Oonly when logic requires it, and I/O processing is distributed to local processors. Hence youcan add I/O points or process control unctions without straining the controller or the networkTis characteristic makes a PAC a winner in complex applications with a large number o I/O

Modern industrial applications ofen include multiple tasks requiring I/O point monitoringand control, data exchange via OPC, and integration o actory data with enterprise systems.

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IMAGE11Current trends and Future Scope

oday the well-known manuacturers o PACs are Schneider Electric, General Electric, NationalInstruments, Opto 22, and Allen Bradley.In act, Opto 22 has been manuacturingcontrollers with the main eatures that

define a PAC since 1990, more than10 years beore the term was coined.More and more industries are lookingat PAC as a solution or the utureowing to the highly competitive schemeo things today. Tey are looking ortechnologies that combine the goodpoints o PLCs and PC-based controlsystems and hence enhance productivity.

PACs are being considered the mostlucrative option or chemical plantswhere complex algorithms govern a largenumber o processes and a large amounto communication is required between modules.Needless to say, PACs have the potential to illuminate the way or industrial automation ahead.

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--Nimish Tripathi

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IMAGE11A tiny computer that fits in your ear, andtranslates what you hear into your own language?Its not aretched at all. In act, all the requisitetechnology exists today, and all thats missingis or someone to connect the dots. Since time

immemorial, humanity has suffered under thecurse o Babylonian conusion. Te languagebarriers between cultures have been a sourceo great chagrin, misapprehensions, economicinequality, and in extreme cases, armed conflict.It has prevented air access to knowledge,trade among nations, and riendship amongkindred spirits. Tis will end in our lietime.20 years rom now, ar ewer students will be

learning second languages in school. It simplywill not be the necessity it is today. And onceagain, it is to the accelerating rate o technologicalprogress that we owe this great ortune.Developments in speech-to-text, translation and

voice-synthesis sofware, will beore long allow

us to understand any common spoken language.A machine that will allow us to listen toa oreign language and have it translated

to our own is desperately waiting to beinvented. Graphic earpiece translatorT :- Voice recognition sofware.Programs such asDragon Naturally Speaking already do this wellby having a person speak into a microphone,whereupon the sofware converts it to text.- Translation sofware.Have you tried Google

Chromes built-in translation tool? oday youcan view a website in any language and haveit translated instantly toany common language byyour browser. Granted,

its not perect, butthe translation tool isimpressively accurate.- Text-to-speechsynthesis sofware.Stephen Hawking hasbeen speaking witha decent, althoughmechanical-sounding,

robo-voice or yearsalready. Even Windows98 had a primitiveprogram or this. Tesetools improve every year,and sound increasinglylike real human voices.T : Speech recognitionsofware converts firstpersons spoken wordsinto text. ranslation sofwareimmediately translatestext into text o secondpersons native language. Speech synthesizersofware pronounces thetranslated text into ear o

second person. Bundle it all together in a practical, ear-piecesized computer, and sit back to watch a newworld emerge.Make no mistake, this will happen. Its aquestion o when, not i, and my guess is thatit will happen sooner rather than later. Andwhen it does, it will change the world orever.

1. By 2030, learning a second language will no longer be necessary.

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IMAGE11Soil-based agriculture is so pass. Nothingshort o an agricultural revolution is underway,spurred on by visionary Dr. DicksonDespommier o Columbia University. His planis to build 30-story greenhouses in cities around

the world, which will allow us to producemore ood, or less money, in a healthierway, while reeing up arable land or nature.Listen up environmentalists! I youre seriousabout relieving mother earth o her burdens asood producer, you can orget about unsustainableand inefficient organic arming (whichrequires ar more space than non-organic).You need to end the hypocrisy and startproponing vertical arming, the viable solutionto eeding all the worlds people - not justthose who can shopat Whole Foods.By growing cropswithout the use o soil- hydroponically -fields can be stackedon top o each other in

urban areas, to growruits, vegetables, grains,you name it. Te vertical arms work as a closedcircuit, so all the water and nutrients are recycled,and only the produce actually leaves the building.In his book, Te Vertical Farm , Dr. DicksonDespommier explains the considerableadvantages vertical arming holds over

traditional arming (organic or otherwise)Vertical Farming, allows year-round cropproduction. It provides ood to areas lackingarable land and is immune to weather-relatedcrop ailure.It even re-uses the water by

collecting it through de-humidification. Also ihas no need or the use o pesticides, ertilizersor herbicides, and as such makes or healthierclean ood (even more so than todays organiood which is prone to the bacteria occurringin or instance manure).Vertical Farmingdrastically reduces dependence on ossil uelsas the ood neednt be shipped to the city(because its there already). Tere is no crop losdue to shipping or storage. Reduced ood costas a consequence o reduced distance between

producer and consumerUrban arms would create cadre o related businessein its vicinity, such abakers, produce stores etcIt would employ a lot oboth skilled and unskilled

labor. Vertical arms wouldbe entirely carbon ree, and

run on wind, solar, tidal or geothermal energyImagine i all the worlds arm land was nolonger needed? It could be used or, well, natureA transition to vertical arming could producclean, cheap ood in abundance. My onlyquestion is, Why arent we already doing this

2. By 2030, the best ood will be grown in skyscrapers.

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IMAGE11Im sure youve dreamed it: Getting into a car,kicking your shoes off and leaning back witha good movie and a cold beer while your sel-driven car takesyou saely to

your destination,without yourhaving to worryabout directions orpedestrians. Well,the technologywe need to makethat car exists.At Stanord

University inC a l i o r n i a ,researchers have developed what many believeis the precursor to driverless personal vehicles.On the cutting edge o driverless car technologywe find Junior, the smart car brainchild othe Stanford Artificial Intelligence Lab (SAIL).Junior is a 2006 Volkswagen Passat, neatlyfitted with a spinning range-determining laser

on top that provides a 360 view o the carssurroundings with 10 images per second. It alsohas lasers on the bumpers and six video camerasmounted on its body, and uses sophisticatedGPS technology to learn about its own position.It can drive in high traffic, change lanes andstop to wait its turn at the intersection, all on itsown. Nobody controls its sensation, motion oreven decisions - its a ully automated driverlesscar. In other words, its not like the BMW rom

omorrow Never Dies, its more like Knight-rider, a car that makes its own decision onwhere to go, based on what it perceives to be thequickest way to get to the specified destination.ULra_PR_testingIn Cardiff, Wales,researchers have developed a personal rapidtransit system, the ULTra.It is still in testingstages, but a pilot project is taking place at

Heathrow Airport in London.It uses alreadyavailable technology, and is thereore thoughta more economical alternative than many

other designs. Itruns on rubber

tires and isguided by apath made up osimple concreted i v i d e r s .Stop or asecond toconsider someo the positive

i m p l i c a t i o n so a car

that drives itsel:raffic saety.Since the computers in these driverless cars areat all times aware o their own and each othersposition, traffic accidents will be virtuallyeradicated, saving around 40,000 lives annuallyin the US and roughly a million lives world wide.

Extra leisure time. Along the way you can dowhat you please: watch movies, read books,play, eat, drink, sleep and whatever elseyour heart desires - there is room or two.Increased productivity. You can work,check your e-mail and make phone/videocalls while you would otherwise be driving.And, since you didnt have to drive to work,youll be more rested, productive and lessstressed once you get there. Te potential or

improvement in productivity is sel-evident.So when are these intelligent robot carscoming? o some extent, they already exist.Driver-assistance mechanisms, such as anti-lock breaks, traction control and power-steering, are already standard in most new cars.However, ully automated cars are projected byGM to be in commercial circulation by 2018.

3. By 2030, driverless cars will be commonplace.

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Te Space Island Group, in cooperationwith British Airways, is planning to build aninternational, multi-purpose, commercial

space station which, to begin with, will include

hotels, research acilities, gourmet restaurants,and sports arenas (or new zero-gravity sports)along with dozens o other uses which can'tbe imagined today. SIG is but one o a handulo companies working on similar projects.Here's how they plan to do it:

During normal NASA launches, a shuttle isdriven into orbit by external uel tanks, Es,which are subsequently dumped (sent backinto earth's atmosphere where they burn up).SIG is saying "Why waste the Es when wecan connect them and make islands in space?"SIG is planning to adjoin the Es used bytheir shuttles into circles, with a stationeryentry/exit module in the middle whereshuttles will drop off passengers and payloads.o get passengers and supplies up to thestations, SIG will build an increasingly largefleet o cost-effective and sae space shuttles tobring 100 passengers up at a time. But unlikeconventional shuttles, theirs won't dump theE, but rather connect it to one o the circle-shaped space stations, which means that withevery new launch, the space islands will grow.

SIG's vision is to keep expandinthe stations in both scale and scope"By 2020 more than 20,000 men and wome

will be working aboard these orbiting Islandand 10 million more high-paid specialists will bsupporting them on Earth. Tat 20,000 numbewill double each ollowing decade. Some peoplwill work or traditional companies making veruntraditional products to improve the lie o thosbelow. Some will be entrepreneurs, and some wisimply be adventurers who won't have to stay neathe Earth at all. SIG's larger stations will grow theown ood, recycle their air and water, and hav

their own onboard engines and guidance systemWater mined rom asteroids by "Space Island" wibe converted into hydrogen and oxygen rocke

uel by sun-powered converters, letting thesIslands travel throughout the inner solar system

Metals mined rom asteroids will let the stationgrow without bringing materials up rom Earth

Space Island Group, like so many privatenterprises these days, also has an environmentaalibi: Its unique location compared to ordinarterrestrial actories will enable it to produc"environmentally clean, cheap electric energrom space" as well as create "inexpensivhydrogen uel rom seawater", which SIG saywill cut ossil uel use on earth dramatically

4. By 2030, space tourism will be common, and 40,000 humans willbe working in orbit.

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I actually think this is a conservativeestimate. Although global population isincreasing at a staggering pace, the worlds

cities have an ever higher growth rate. Atpresent, 50% o the worlds population livein urban areas, but by 2030 that figure isprojected at 60%. And 93% o that urbangrowth will occur in developing countries.Although global population is increasing at astaggering pace, the worlds cities have an everhigher growth rate. At present, 50% o the worldspopulation live in urban areas, but by 2030 that

figure is projected at 60%. And 93% o that urbangrowth will occur in developing countries.By 2030:

3 in 5 people will live in cities. Out o these, 81%will live in the developing world.Te 10 largest cities will have a combinedpopulation o 334 million.New Delhi will be the most populous city in theworld.18 cities will have more than 20 million inhabitants.8 cities will have more than 30 million inhabitants.

2 cities will have more than 40 million inhabitants.

5. By 2030, 18 cities will have more than 20 million inhabitants, andNew Delhi will be the most populous city in the world.

Here is the list o the three largest urban areas in 2030:3. Mumbai Metropolitan Area

Population 2010: 20 millionGrowth rate: 3%

Density: 30,000/km2GDP per capita (nominal): $2,800

Metro passengers per day: Metro under constructionBuildings over 200 meters: 2

Number o billionaire residents: 20Population 2030: 35 million

2. okyo Metropolitan AreaPopulation 2010: 36 million

Growth rate: 0.6%Density: 6,000/km2

GDP per capita (nominal): $44,000Metro passengers per day: 8.8 million

Buildings over 200 meters: 20Number o billionaire residents: 15

Population 2030: 40 million

1. New Delhi Metropolitan AreaPopulation 2010: 19 million

Growth rate: 4.6%Density: 12,000/km2

GDP per capita (nominal): $2,000Metro passengers per day: 1 million

Buildings over 200 meters: 0Number o billionaire residents: 12

Population 2030: 46 million

For tomorrow belongs to the people who prepare or it today

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--Sowmya L

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IMAGE11A lecturer enters a classroom ull o brilliant young minds. Its his first lecture and hewants to teach them a lesson which will help them throughout their lives. He starts hislecture and the topic he chooses is ruth- An illusion. He starts by showing them a pictureand asks them what is it that they see. Some says an old couple, others see a young manplaying a guitar and another young person sitting. On careul observation all o themagreed that there were both, only it depends on the perception and careul observation.

Ten he comes up with a second picture and asks how many pandas were there in that picture, numberagain starts rom 2 and keeps on rising. Again, afer some time number converges to a fixed value. A

picture afer another comes up on slide and students start wondering that where the lecture was heading.Lecturer, on noticing surprised aces in the class comes up with a new picture, but this timeinstead o showing it on a slide; he passes them some sheets o paper with an image on it. He askseveryone to observe it or 15 seconds and then discuss what they see. Sometime later, one personstands up and says it is an old ladys ace he sees in the picture. Another one says that its a youngladys ace. Tey start arguing and lecturer tells them to look at there pictures again and observethem careully. Afer another look at the picture both o them were pretty sure that what they saidwas correct. Tey start wondering how the others were seeing a young ladys ace and vice versa.Beore they can actually figure out anything, lecturer tells them to swap images and look again.What they realize is that actually those were two different images. Everyone looks perplexed. Whatwas it that they were thinking? How could they not think that those may be two different pictures.Te point he conveysis human mind is verybiased. It can be madeto believe anything andeverything with a little orno effort at all. Tink aboutthis, how many o youwill sit at the same place

or at least have a tendencyto sit at the same placein the lecture hall. Whathe did was somethingsimilar. He showed themsome illusions and madethem believe that it iswhat he is showing them.

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IMAGE11And when they were sure o it, he all o a sudden handed them over different images which thebelieved to be illusion. He caught them unprepared and diverted there attention in a particuladirection in 10 minutes. Now think i this is what a person can do in 10 minutes, how many differenillusions we might believe in right now, also just because some intelligent person made us do s

Actually the effects o this biased behavior are ar more prominent than this. How did we decidethat we wanted to become an engineer? I did it because everyone else was doing the same. I didnknow what engineering was all about when I chose to become an engineer. Tere are very ewwho are actually motivated and know what they are actually doing. Grass is always greener onthe other side o the river or a person who does not know the truth. So they want to cross it

but it is later that they realize that it was not what they thought o it to be, it was just an illusionMany o us had a very different image o what engineering is, beore actually coming here.What I am trying to say is not that we committed mistake by choosing engineering but we

never knew i wanted to be oneAnd most o us are here notbecause our parents told us tobut because we chose to. Wedidnt know what to do thats whywe did what our parents said.

Let me share another smallstory with you. Again a lecturercomes to class and show studentsan empty jar. He asks them ithe jar was empty. Tere was aunanimous yes. Ten he takesout some Gol balls rom hisbag and fills the jar with them.Tis time he asks i the jar is ull

Again there is a unanimous yesHe looks into his bag again andthis time takes out a small polybag ull o sand. He empties thesand bag in the same jar and againasks class i the jar is ull, yes isthe answer again. He asks them to

think again that i there is still some room in the jar. But still the answer is the same. Now thelecturer takes another jar and brings some water in it. He pours that water in the previous jar.

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-- Shubham Sunder

Welcome to the world o tablet and digital pen. With the unveiling o mousepenM508W by Genius operating a computer has become tad bit easier. Tis isa product aimed at graphic design proessionals, art teachers and painting

enthusiasts. With the multitude o eatures it provides and the satisaction with which

it provides them, this mousepen will give you the satisaction o painting on a canvas

Tis is a 5 x 8 wireless graphic-design tablet which will connect to a notebook or desktopthrough a USB receiver, working over the 2.4GHz wireless technology spectrum. Te wirelesspen uses three AAA batteries and provides an ergonomic wire-ree interace. Te M508W

boasts o a precise 1024 level pressure sensitivity penand a high resolution o 4,000 LPI (lines per inch)With such high levels o sensitivity andresolution, one can make his strokes thinneror thicker, lighter or darker as he wishes by

applying the right amount o pressure on the pen.

Te MousePen M508W is compatible with majorgraphics suites rom Adobe and Corel, and the bundleds o t w a r emakes it idealto write, draw,sketch anddigitally signemails, making

it all the more attractive or the artenthusiast and even the common man.Apart rom this, the pen consists o 3 buttons which act in asimilar way as the right, lef and center button o an ordinarymouse. Scrolling, dragging, clicking and all the othernormal mouse unctions are possible with the mousepenas well. I cant help but wonder how this will revolutionarizethe world o gaming (especially Counter Strike :P).

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-- Aparajita Roy

2007A8PS421P

Is God listening ??

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IMAGE11Dear God

Mama says that I am a good boy and that God helps good children. So I thought I would writeto you. Maybe you could help me too. I am sick. Tats what mama toldme when I asked her what was wrong

with me. I still dont know what thatmeans. But something is not right. Myhead hurts when I wake up. I sleep allday. Mama lets me. Tats the strangestthing. Earlier whenever I used to begto sleep late, shed almost throw meout o bed. Now she lets me be. I cantplay with my riends because I eel tooweak to get up. I thought I would be

fine in a ew days. But nothing seemsto be working. Yesterday, I heard Mama crying.She thought I was asleep but I wasnt.I hate to see her crying. It doesnt suither. She tells me that crying is only orweak people. I never cry because Im abig boy and big boys dont cry. But then why was Mama crying? God, can you make me better soon? Mama is very unhappy. I can bear this pain longer butI cant bear to see her crying.

Sammy

Dear God

I dont know i my last prayer reached you. But I havent become any better. oday, some o myriends rom school came to see me. Its like Ive suddenly become a hero. She came to see metoo. Oh, shes so pretty. I love her too much. Once I get better, Ill tell her how much I like her. I watched V or an hour today. Teres a new cartoon show I really like. And cricket

matches are my absolute avourite. I was lucky enough to watch one today. Mama is still crying, but she takes care not to let me see her tears. I can still hear herthough. When she thinks Im sleeping, she cries sofly to hersel. She still wont tell me whats wrong. Tey are desperately trying to cure me, but I can seethe helplessness in the doctors eyes. Please help me get better.

Sammy

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IMAGE11Dear God,

oday we went to the zoo. I have been admitted to the hospital, and afer a month o beingcooped up there, I have managed to escape the prison. Tey come at 4 in the morning and takeblood. Tey prick me with needles and orce bitter medicines down my throat. I hate them all. But they make Mama slightly happier. So I take it all without a uss. But, I

want to ask you something. What is death? Who is dying? Tey kept saying this word and when I asked them, they all

just looked horrified and hushed me up.

Sammy

Dear God,

She came to visit me again today. I think she likes me too. I asked her what is death. And she

explained it to me. Am I dying? God, please tell me the answer to this question. Im not araid, but everyone around me isMama and papa are fighting all the time and its all my ault. I cry mysel to sleep everyday. Butthese days, I cant even cry. Have my tears dried up too?

Sammy

Dear God,

I am dying. I can see it in everyones eyes. My hair has started to all out and my lips are all dry

My voice is a croak and I can hardly recognise mysel in the mirror. Every part omy body hurtsMama says that all people whom God loves go to heaven. God takes care o them. Will you takecare o me? Will you call me to heaven?

Sammy

ears rolled down my eyes as I re read those words written so long ago by a6 year old. Tat child touched deathand returned. He was introduced to

death so cruelly. Te raw anguish.the innocence still jumped out and hitme hard. And as I sat beside her, looking into her eyes, I felt like that smallboy again, lying on his bed and wondering if an angel had just visited him.I realised that Mama had been right all those years ago. God had answeredall my prayers..

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Reinventing the keyboard for touch-sensing devices

Keyboards on mobile devices with touchscreens much smaller than a typical keyboardare a hit and miss affair. Many solutions like enhanced word prediction and swipe-

to-type gestures have been attempted, some o which work better than others.But we still rely on the classic keyboard layout on which to base our touchscreenmobile input. Surely i we had invented the keyboard in 2010 or mobile devices wewouldn't make a tiny little keyboard designed to be pecked at with our finger tips.

8penis a brand new gesture-based keyboard or Android phones that looks totally differentthan other keyboards, eels totally different than other keyboards, and is un to use. Goneis the QWERY key layout; gone is the tapping the screen with great accuracy to get the

letter you want. Instead you write almost like you would with a pen, but using your fingers.

-- Kanduri Koundinya

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IMAGE118pen takes a totally different approachnoting that 8pen arranges the most usedletters and characters in 4 sectors arounda central ring. o type you place yourfinger on the center ring and draw loopsthrough the sectors. Te starting sector and

the number o sectors you pass throughdetermine the character that you produceAdditional letters are drawn in the sameashion and lifing your finger inserts a space.

Te character input doesnt actually use thatmuch screen real estate so 8pen has largearea or unction keys such as return, accessto numbers, and backspace. Its also possibleto create your own gestures or quick wordinput. Tey are recognized by not startingthe gesture rom the text circle in the middle.

Once you get the hang o it, it can be unand you begin to see the appropriatenesso the name. What starts out as singleloops punctuated by pauses becomes a

collage o spirals, figure eights, and curlyqs. Te included text prediction works well

enough, and a system o longholds adds special characters

It solves the problem o typingefficiently with single hands(unlike QWERY screens

optimized or two hands. Tereal question is: will peoplebother to take time to learnthe new system? Te changeto the norm is large andchallenging. And as with manygreat ideas and concepts, it may

just be too soon. All dependson how easy it is to learn

Te conventional keyboard made of size of our twohands

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-- Abhinav SAN EVENTFUL NIGHT

In what seemed to be like 1 sec, I again heard a knock on my door and a rather irritated voicethundering to open up. Again I cursed mutely and turned over to sleep once again since I thoughtthat it must me one o the boisterous riends o my sociable roommate who quite ofen converted my

room into a cricket pitch, a casino, a video game parlour and also a home theatre. I waited or himto open up the door since I had opened the door a number o times, the previous day to let in his littlegang. I firmly made up my mind not to open the door and waited or my roommate to do the honours.I waited patiently which I consider to be an appreciable eat considering all that had happened inthe past week. Finally to my relie my roomy turned to his side and groaned in his sleep about notwanting to wake up and not intending to open the door. I was silently smiling and smirked at him.

Ten suddenly the knocks on the door became more violent and transormed into ear-splittingbangs. I jerked awake and you know finally glad that my roomy had come to his senses. Ten Ichecked my Nokia 6303i's digital clock which showed 5:02 am in lilac. Now I realized that I had

slept or such a short interval o time. Te guy outside the door became violent and wanted us toopen the door to let him in. Finally my roomy, now ully awake asked the person who he was? Iwas in act glad that he did not just go up and open the door beore I could stop or do anything.Te guy on the outside replied that he was the vice president o ICC. What in the world washe blabbering about, that guy knocking on the door was reaking mad. We both had made upour minds not to open the door since I've learnt this by watching some thrilling and disturbingmovies: psychopaths and lunatics could be very dangerous. He continued to pound the door andnow started pleading us to open the door and let him in or just 2 minutes. Now this was weird.

Afer a rather relaxing Sunday night having watched a good bunch o movies, I drifed into apeaceul slumber eeling quite blissul. Having slept at about 1:00 am, I was rather drowsy whenI heard a knock on my room's door. I was barely conscious and I silently swore in my mind

about having first hour classes on Mondays since I thought that my Sidey had come to wake myroommate up like he does sometimes. I raised my head up and saw that my roommate too wasasleep and then realized it was too dark to be 7:15 am in the morning. Just to confirm that I stillhad ew hours o sleep lef, I checked my sleek phone lying beside me on the bed which said thetime was 4:45 am. Being too drowsy, I decided that all o this was happening inside my head inmy dream like state and once again hit the pillow uneasily and drifed back into sleep instantly.

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IMAGE11Why would a nut case want to enter some random room or just 2 minutes? Fear started to

grip me as I visualized pictures o the guy holding a knie behind his back and stabbing thetwo o us as soon as the door was opened. I guess similar thoughts would have been passingthrough my roommate's mind since he the look he gave me explained it all and he told me notto open the door. Te guy outside became more and more impatient and wanted us to open upquickly and pounded and kicked the door. By then I was totally petrified and sat upright and

kept my chair against the door, just in case. My roomy too reaked out. He called up his dadand also shouted to the guy that he would call the police. Ten he told me to call the wardenand luckily I had his number saved in my phone. I called him and he greeted me with a hoarse'hello' and I quickly told that some maniac had been trying to break open the door or thepast hal hour and told him to come there at once. He agreed and I was glad that he didn'tshout at me or disturbing his sound sleep. Te next ten minutes until the warden seemed tolast or hours. Finally I decided to call him once more to find out his status. I heard ootstepsand was relieved that he was finally there. He then asked that person, why he wanted to enterthat particular room. Tat maniac replied that it was his room and he had come outside justor a ew minutes to get some resh air when some people rom inside bolted the door and

now he wanted to get back and get some sleep. I guess the warden got pissed off and askedhim whether he was mad. In spite o the earul situation, I couldn't help but eel entertainedsince it wasn't a common occurrence to see someone being reprimanded by the warden. Hethen told me to open up. But both o us vehemently reused since we were still totally reakedout by this unexpected intruder. Te warden finally took him away, I guess, since we couldn'thear voices anymore. Afer about 5 minutes we exchanged nervous smiles and decided to getback to sleep since it was already 5:25 am and I had to wake up at 7:15 am. Just beore I drifedoff to sleep or the final time that day, I heard my roommate wanting to orget that any o thishappened and get back to sleep. Poor chap I thought and let the blissul eeling o sleep prevail.

Te next night

My riend said, 'See you then man, I'll go and sleep'. I was sitting on the bed and didn't want toget up to close the door then I remembered last night's incident. Beore I could close the doormy roomy rushed and locked it shut. With this incident I came to ponder upon the act thatmany a times people aren't really what they seem to be rom the outside. One has to have severalawkward experiences to find out what they really are, which I must say applies to mysel as well!

We are all primary numbers divisible only by ourselves. ~Jean Guitton

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THE BRAiN CHiP-- Nimish ripathi

A single chip to control all.

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IMAGE11Imagine a chip, strategically placed in the brain, which could prevent epileptic seizures

or allow someone who has lost a limb to control an artificial arm just by thinking about it.It may sound like science fiction, but

University o Florida researchers aredeveloping devices that can interpretsignals in the brain and stimulate

neurons to perorm correctly, advancesthat might someday make it possible ora tiny computer to fix diseases or evenallow a paralyzed person to control aprosthetic device with his thoughtsResearchers rom the College o

Medicine, the College o Engineeringhave teamed up to create aneuroprosthetic chip designed tobe implanted in the brain. Tey are

currently studying the concept in ratsbut are aiming to develop a prototypeo the device within the next ouryears that could be tested in peopleTe initial goal? o correct conditions

such as paralysis or epilepsy.

Te hope is we can cure

more immediately a varietyo diseases.

Researchers have been able to decode brain activity or years using electroencephalography.Reerred to commonly as an EEG, this technology involves placing a sensor-wired net over

the head to measure brain activity through the scalpBut the technology wasnt quite sensitive enough toallow researchers to decode brain signals as preciselyas needed, Sanchez said. Now researchers are

ocusing on decoding signals rom electrodes placeddirectly into the brain tissue using wires the widtho a strand o hair. Scientists have realized that bygoing inside the brain we can capture so much moreinormation, we can have much more resolution.Te chip UF researchers are seeking

to develop would be implanteddirectly into the brain tissue, where it could gather data rom signals decodethem and stimulate the brain in a sel-contained package without wires.

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IMAGE11In the interim, UF researchers are studying

implantable devices in rats and are evaluating an

intermediate orm o the technology placing

electrodes on the surace o the brain in people.

UF researchers have developed new techniques

using surace electrodes to access signals almost

as precisely as theycould with sensors

implanted in the

brain, according

to findings the

researchers published

in May in the Journal o Neuroscience Methods. Developing

these techniques is a big step orward in understanding

how to best decode a patients intent rom their brain

waves and should have broad implications or delivering therapy, Sanchez said.

o gather data about the brains sophisticated cues, which vary rom person to person,Sanchez studies the brain signals o children with epilepsy who are scheduled to undergosurgery to remove the part o the brain that is causing seizures. Tese patients ofenmust be monitored or several days to weeks with electrodes placed directly on thebrain. Doctors use this to pinpoint the problem area when a child has another seizure.Because the children already have electrodes in place, Sanchez is able to use the

data gathered rom them to understand more about the brains signals in general.For patients with epilepsy, who ofen have to take several medications or undergo

surgery or relie rom debilitating seizures, a neuroprosthetic device could be the

best orm o treatment,Schiff said, adding that morework needs to be done tounderstand the mechanicso what causes diseases suchas epilepsy and Parkinsons.

Te challenge is not so

much the technology,

the challenge is to usethat technology wisely.

Te day may notbe too far off when

patients can control a prosthetic hand or leg just by thinking aboutit.Its becoming a reality. Were designing electronics that we caninterface with biological systems and we can use that to help people.

Te electrode diagram

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IMAGE11Writing my first Image article as an alumni , I eel its a perect opportunity

or me to convey the message which I orceully like to give to any junior :)Some acts, which you only realize afer entering the technical corporate world.

Like most o us, I used to get amazed looking at the some o those big names in semiconductorindustry and their super technical projects. Whether it s the announcement o a quad core smart-phone processor or simply a ultra low power microcontroller which can work on a single lithium

coin cell or years, only one thought came to my mind How do they do it ? . And yes, with everysuch project, the respect or the people working on those amazing stuff keeps incrementing.

I used to wonder, i I am capable o becoming a part o this amazing world. Tere wasthis perception in my mind that being a part o those big organization would requirean altogether supreme skill set with all kinds o undo projects ..... No, I was wrong.

In simpler words, there is one prime requirement o these big organizations -being strongwith your undamentals. Its the common quality present in the employees o that organizationand the quality they desperately want in their uture employees. Tose respected individualsworking on cutting edge technologies are not GODS. Tey are normal human beings who are

very-very strong with their basics and are willing to learn new things even afer spending yearsand years in the industry. Tats thekind o attitude they possess a verybasic approach to problem solving.

So, i you also had the sameperception as mine, its time or achange. Whether you are working ona design with millions o transistorsin a big firm or on a design with ew

hundred transistor in OLAB, thebasic approach remains the same :)

In-case you think what exactly isall this basic stuff , let me make anattempt to answer this question -

Tere were ew questions like Why an ideal op-amp has infinitegain, infinite input impedance

and zero output resistance? A D flip-flop changes its state on the positive/negative edge o theclock. But, how does it actually happen? Whats there inside that D flip flop rectangle box?

o be honest, I couldnt answer any o these questions ully, coming up with just somehal-hearted answers. Questions like these made me truly understand what is expected ome, when you say being strong with your basics. Its about questioning even the simplesto concepts and thats when you truly understand them. Tats my definition o basic stuff.

Just to summarize my message get your basics right and never let thedesire to learn new things die. And then, you can sense the difference.

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echnology has once again invaded antasy and hasnow made the print changing paper a reality!!!

Some o the e-books equipped with e-paperdisplay are an updated version o the Sony Readerthe PRS-700BC(2008) which incorporated a

backlight and a touchscreen, iRex iLiad(2006),Amazons the Amazon Kindle(2007), Kindle 2and Kindle DX (2009), the third generationKindle(2010), Barnes and Noblesthe Barnes & Noble Nook(2009).

his special paper can change its contents(text or

images) by the well-known Charge-Electric ield Interaction withpolymers as medium(electrophoresis)

he idea is technically quite simple-

Encapsulate dyed(colored)oil in a microcapsule heldin a layer o liquid polymer. Charged white titanium dioxide is suspendedin the oil and its movement appears as the presence or absence o print.his movement is controlled by electrodes which are arrayed aboveand below each microcapsule (roughly 100 microns thick). Now thistrio o one microcapsule, electrode above and below it corresponds toa ew pixels on the sheet. It is laminated with plastic or protection.he network o electrodes is connected to display circuitry which changes the brightness othe ink. Changing the print is achieved by changing the extent to which white particles appearon the surace. An image can be ormed by applying the appropriate voltage to each region othe display to create a pattern o light relecting and absorbing regions.

ELECTRONIC

PAPER DISPLAY-- Shruti Inamdar

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A recent technology requires only one layer o electrodes below the polymerfluid to regulate the ink particles.o switch the e ink rom one color to anotherby providing adequate charge, small plastic transistors are printed on the page.

Now what else can it do to make our lives better? surely you must have had difficultyto view your cell phone screen in bright light, well, electronic paper is the solution to it!

Te light o day is ar brighter thanthe backlight o the cellphone. Now,

the external light will make the printo an electronic paper readable likein the case o any ordinary paper.

Morotrola F3 uses an alphanumeric lowcost black and white screen. Some devices,like USB flash drives, have used electronicpaper to display status inormation,such as available storage space.

In newspapers,In February 2006, the Flemish daily Deijd distributed an electronic version othe paper to select subscribers in a limitedmarketing study, using a pre-release

version o the iRex iLiad. Since January2008, the Dutch daily NRC Handelsbladis distributed or the iRex iLiad reader.

iLiad e-book reader equipped with an electronic paperdisplay. E-ink displays can be read even under brightsunlight since they are reflective and use no backlighting

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ANSWERSyou

neverKNEW

-- Shauvik AgrawalFACTS n FIGURES

Why is sting operation called so?A sting operation most likely owes its etymological origin to the bee. ypically, a stingoperation involves an investigation agency such as the police or the media, who lure a criminalcommit a crime in order to trap them red handed. Tey might pose as criminal themselves,and thereby set up a trap in terms o a honey trap. Once the target takes the bait, the trappers

sting them by way o arrest or publication, the way a bee would sting someone who tries totake honey rom beehive.

What is the difference between a subwooer and a wooer?Tere are no stark differences between these two speaker systems as both are used to reproducelow requencies below 30Hz level and wooers produce sound above it. At times , the bandsmay overlap. Te smallest diaphragm o a decent halway wooer is 8 inches, in a subwooer itis 12 inches.

What is difference between an acne and pimples?While acne is a disease (acne vulgaris), a pimple is just one type o lesion ound in acnepatients. Other lesions could be a papule or a nodule. However, in common parlance, these areinterchangeably used.

Why is a Mafia gangster called a don?Te mafia as a criminal institutions originated in Sicily, Italy. Te word Don in Italian meansboss. So the leader o a mafia gang came to be known as a don. Synonyms or don includeCapo Criminal, which means super boss in Italian.

Why are there only 60 seconds in a minute?A minute is a unit used to measure both time and angles. A circle was divided into 360 degreesby ancient civilizations, probably Babylonians who figure everything in units o 10s and 60sinstead o 10s and 100 as we do. Te degree was divided into 60 parts and each o these partswas divided into 60 parts. Te Romans called the first division o degree the partes minutatesecundaes or second small parts. Tese terms were finally shortened to minutes ans seconds.

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It was about time that someone came up with this, I mean we are in the portable era! Stick POPis a portable printer that can handle a small amount o load. You cant overburden it with all yourdocuments, just a small stash that you need pronto. Measuring 23 cm by 6 cm, its easy to fit it inyour handbag. Just hook it up to your comp /device via USB and get printing! Oh, and an OLEDscreen on the bar displays the printing status.

DESIGNER GADGETS : PORTABLE PRINTER

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Te sun is becoming brighter

I have no way to escape

I become a succumb

Becoming as a moving stray

Everybody deport me rom their hearts

I became an endemic o being ound in gloomi-ness

I strand those hopes against sedition o mine

I rigged my thoughts

As sadness and gloominess apprehends me

I become an introspective o mine

I had regret in my heart

Tat I havent seized every moment o my lie

My rays o hope are becoming diminished andvanished

MY OBLIVION HOPES-- Anupam Singh

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It was the first week o August. Back to BIS Pilani afer a break o two and a hal months, we were all reshand ready or the barrage o CDCs tests and tuts our seniors had orewarned us about. But more than that,we were looking orward to seeing the reshers who had chosen BIS Pilani, Pilani campus to ulfill theirundergraduate aspirations. Te first meet with the first years was at Sky lawns. Innocent aces being inormed

by us the seniors about the activities o the Instrumentation Forum. We all have come a long way since then.Te Poorvikaran Lecture Series was a huge hit owing to hard work on our part and plenty oenthusiasm rom the juniors, especially the first years, who were eager to absorb all the knowledgethat we could give them. Tis year saw the introduction o the hands-on session during thelectures which was an instant hit! Te impressive attendance, in turn, inspired us to do better.

Tis year also saw the ormation o LabVIEW team or the very first time. LabVIEW team was ormedwith a vision to have a dedicated group o students rom all years, working on LabVIEW-based projects.A couple o lectures were organized covering the basics o LabVIEW, and a test was conducted based

on these lectures. Te turnout orthe test was impressive as was theperormance o the first years in thetest. By the end o the first semester,the LabVIEW team was ready.

Te second semester saw theormation o our PSoC team. Tis wasthe second time a PSoC team was beingormed. A couple o lectures ollowedby a test based on the same saw thatwe had a PSoC team at our hand.

We had three APOGEE projectmeets two in the first semesterand one in the second semester.Te turnout or these meets wasimpressive though we expected

more. A number o project ideas covering categories like automation, adaptive technology,signal processing, health and material sciences to name a ew - were discussed in these meets.For the record, 57 abstracts were submitted by us or the project presentation in APOGEE 2011.

THE CO-ORD SPEAKS-- Shashank Kulkarni

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or Instrumentation Forum has been theevents handled by us. Tis year, the firstevent was the elimination round o theSrikant Visweswariah Analog DesignContest. Te orum was entrusted with the

duty to organize this event which we didwith utmost dedication. Tis was ollowedby Micromouse. Tis was the secondconsecutive year that we were organizingMicromouse. Tough the number oparticipating teams remained constant,the level o participation saw a hearteningincrease. Te next event, Circuit DesignChallenge was the biggest hit or us. Teparticipation or this event almost doubled since the last year and the organizing team did not

leave any stones unturned to make this event a hit! For the first time, the final round o CDCwas organized in the Analog and Digital Electronics lab. rack-o-mania and Robots at Warorganized in collaboration with the EEE Association also saw very good participation this year

Virtuosity, our core instrumentationevent, saw very less participationbut it also had some positives likefirst years showcasing their ownprojects and almost winning a prize.

Te end o APOGEE did not

mean an end to my duties asa coordinator. Clearance o allkinds o bills, post-APOGEEreview meetings, discussionsbrainstorming and suggestions ornext year ollowed. But the singlemost important duty still lef wasselection o the executive committee

or the next year. But even this shall be done

On the arewell day, our successors shall be chosen. Tere will be smiles. Congratulatory hand-shakes. Some surprises. Some satisfied fist-pumps. Some wise words. Some stern talks. Somepats on the back. Some beaming aces. But personally, there will be a sigh o relie amalgamatedwith a sense o loss. Te last one year has been one o the greatest lessons I have learnt in mylie. But all the lessons would end that day. Te baton would be passed to the next runners.

But rest assured we would all be waiting or them to make it to the finish line, urging themon i they lose steam, cheering them when they need strength, counseling them when theyneed advice. It is now that I realize, responsibilities can only change hands, they can never end

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We express our gratitude to

Pro. B.N.Jain and Pro. G. Raghurama or the inspiration

Pro. Surekha Bhanot or the guidance

Pro. V. K. Chaubey or being supportive and co-operative

Aparajita Roy or a lovely story

Mohit Chawla or a visionary article and extensive support

Kushagra Garg or his inspiring note

Manas Khanna and Shashank Kulkarni or their constant support

and encouragement

And all those who have helped us shape our IMAGE

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