ILO Term Paper for Fall

8/2/2019 ILO Term Paper for Fall

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1.0 Introduction

1.1 Purpose of the Report:

The main purpose of the report was to know and analyze the conventions that Bangladesh had

accepted. To know this we had to go through a thorough research on the conventions.

1.2 Methodology:

In order to complete the requirement of this report, weI had to visit the local ILO office at

Dhanmondi, collect necessary documents, and talk to the ILO officials to know more about ILO

and the conventions that Bangladesh accepted. Basically we followed a secondary data analysis

method to get this report done.

1.4 Limitations:

We tried to use all necessary information to contract an effective and efficient report but due to

some unavoidable circumstances like time shortage and for study pressure of other courses we

could not do the report in a more attractive manner and there might be mistakes in the body parts

as well.

2.0 Origins & History of ILO

The ILO was created in 1919, as part of the Treaty of Versailles that ended World War I, to reflect

the belief that universal and lasting peace can be accomplished only if it is based on social justice.

The Constitution was drafted between January and April, 1919, by the Labour Commission set up

by the Peace Conference, which first met in Paris and then in Versailles. The Commission, chaired

by Samuel Gompers, head of the American Federation of Labour (AFL) in the United States, was

composed of representatives from nine countries: Belgium, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, France, Italy,

Japan, Poland, the United Kingdom and the United States. It resulted in a tripartite organization,

the only one of its kind bringing together representatives of governments, employers and workers

in its executive bodies.

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The Constitution contained ideas tested within the International Association for Labour

Legislation, founded in Basel in 1901. Advocacy for an international organization dealing with

labour issues began in the nineteenth century, led by two industrialists, Robert Owen (1771-1853)

of Wales and Daniel Legrand (1783-1859) of France.

The driving forces for ILO's creation arose from security, humanitarian, political and economic

considerations. Summarizing them, the ILO Constitution's Preamble says the High Contracting

Parties were 'moved by sentiments of justice and humanity as well as by the desire to secure the

permanent peace of the world...

There was keen appreciation of the importance of social justice in securing peace, against a

background of exploitation of workers in the industrializing nations of that time. There was also

increasing understanding of the world's economic interdependence and the need for cooperation to

obtain similarity of working conditions in countries competing for markets. Reflecting these ideas,

the Preamble states:

1. Whereas universal and lasting peace can be established only if it is based upon social

justice;

2. And whereas conditions of labour exist involving such injustice hardship and privation to

large numbers of people as to produce unrest so great that the peace and harmony of the

world are imperiled; and an improvement of those conditions is urgently required;

3. Whereas also the failure of any nation to adopt humane conditions of labour is an obstacle

in the way of other nations which desire to improve the conditions in their own countries.

The areas of improvement listed in the Preamble remain relevant today, for example:

1. Regulation of the hours of work including the establishment of a maximum working day

and week;

2. Regulation of labour supply, prevention of unemployment and provision of an adequate

living wage;

3. Protection of the worker against sickness, disease and injury arising out of his employment;

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4. Protection of children, young persons and women;

5. Provision for old age and injury, protection of the interests of workers when employed in

countries other than their own;

6. Recognition of the principle of equal remuneration for work of equal value;

7. Recognition of the principle of freedom of association;

8. Organization of vocational and technical education, and other measures.

The ILO has made signal contributions to the world of work from its early days. The first

International Labour Conference held in Washington in October 1919 adopted six International

Labour Conventions, which dealt with hours of work in industry, unemployment, and maternity

protection, night work for women, minimum age and night work for young persons in industry.

The ILO was located in Geneva in the summer of 1920 with France's Albert Thomas as the first

Director of the International Labour Office, which is the Organization's permanent Secretariat.

Under his strong impetus, 16 International Labour Conventions and 18 Recommendations were

adopted in less than two years.

This early zeal was quickly toned down because some governments felt there were too many

Conventions, the budget too high and the reports too critical. Yet, the International Court of

Justice, under pressure from the Government of France, declared that the ILO's domain extended

also to international regulation of conditions of work in the agricultural sector.

A Committee of Experts was set up in 1926 as a supervisory system on the application of ILO

standards. The Committee, which exists today, is composed of independent jurists responsible for

examining government reports and presenting its own report each year to the Conference.

3.0 Mission & Objectives

The primary goal of the ILO today is to promote opportunities for women and men to obtain

decent and productive work, in conditions of freedom, equity, security and human dignity.

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The International Labour Organization (ILO) is devoted to promoting social justice and

internationally recognized human and labour rights, pursuing its founding mission that labour

peace is essential to prosperity. Today, the ILO helps advance the creation of decent work and the

economic and working conditions that give working people and business people a stake in lasting

peace, prosperity and progress. Its tripartite structure provides a unique platform for promoting

decent work for all women and men. Its main aims are to promote rights at work, encourage decent

employment opportunities, enhance social protection and strengthen dialogue on work-related

issues.

The ILO has four strategic objectives

1. Promote and realize standards and fundamental principles and rights at work

2. Create greater opportunities for women and men to decent employment and income

3. Enhance the coverage and effectiveness of social protection for all

4. Strengthen tripartism and social dialogue

In support of its goals, the ILO offers unmatched expertise and knowledge about the world of

work, acquired over more than 90 years of responding to the needs of people everywhere for

decent work, livelihoods and dignity. It serves its tripartite constituents - and society as a whole -

in a variety of ways, including:

1. Formulation of international policies and programmes to promote basic human rights,

improve working and living conditions, and enhance employment opportunities

2. Creation of international labour standards backed by a unique system to supervise their

application

3. An extensive programme of international technical cooperation formulated and

implemented in an active partnership with constituents, to help countries put these policies

effective into practice

4. Training, education and research activities to help advance all of these efforts

4.0 The Structure of ILO

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http://www.ilo.org/global/about-the-ilo/decent-work-agenda/lang--en/index.htmhttp://www.ilo.org/global/about-the-ilo/decent-work-agenda/rights-at-work/lang--en/index.htmhttp://www.ilo.org/global/about-the-ilo/decent-work-agenda/employment-creation/lang--en/index.htmhttp://www.ilo.org/global/about-the-ilo/decent-work-agenda/social-protection/lang--en/index.htmhttp://www.ilo.org/global/about-the-ilo/decent-work-agenda/social-dialogue/lang--en/index.htmhttp://www.ilo.org/global/about-the-ilo/decent-work-agenda/lang--en/index.htmhttp://www.ilo.org/global/about-the-ilo/decent-work-agenda/rights-at-work/lang--en/index.htmhttp://www.ilo.org/global/about-the-ilo/decent-work-agenda/employment-creation/lang--en/index.htmhttp://www.ilo.org/global/about-the-ilo/decent-work-agenda/social-protection/lang--en/index.htmhttp://www.ilo.org/global/about-the-ilo/decent-work-agenda/social-dialogue/lang--en/index.htm


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The ILO accomplishes its work through three main bodies (The International Labour Conference,

the Governing body and the Office) which comprise governments', employers' and workers'

representatives.

The International Labour Organization (ILO) is the only tripartite U.N. agency with government,

employer, and worker representatives. This tripartite structure makes the ILO a unique forum in

which the governments and the social partners of the economy of its Member States can freely and

openly debate and elaborate labour standards and policies.

Member States today in ILO comprises 183 Member States. In addition to the States which were

Members of the International Labour Organization on 1 November 1945, any original member of

the United Nations and any State admitted to membership of the United Nations by a decision of

the General Assembly may become a Member of the ILO by communicating to the Director-

General its formal acceptance of the obligations of the Constitution of the Organization..

The ILO aims to ensure that it serves the needs of working women and men by bringing together

governments, employers and workers to set labour standards, develop policies and devise

programmes. The very structure of the ILO, where workers and employers together have an equal

voice with governments in its deliberations, shows social dialogue in action. It ensures that the

views of the social partners are closely reflected in ILO labour standards, policies and

programmes.

The work of the Governing Body and of the Office is aided by tripartite committees covering

major industries. It is also supported by committees of experts on such matters as vocational

training, management development, occupational safety and health, industrial relations, workers

education, and special problems of women and young workers.

4.1 About the Three Main Bodies

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Underlying the ILOs work is the importance of cooperation between governments and employers

and workers organizations in fostering social and economic progress and the three main bodies

(The International Labour Conference, the Governing body and the Office) accomplishes the work

of ILO through joint cooperation among them.

International Labour Conference: The member States of the ILO meet at the International

Labour Conference in June of each year, in Geneva. Each Member State is represented by

two government delegates, an employer delegate and a worker delegate. They are

accompanied by technical advisors. It is generally the Cabinet Ministers responsible for

labour affairs in their own countries that head the delegations, take the floor and present

their governments' points of view.

Employer and worker delegates can express themselves and vote according to instructions

received from their organizations. They sometimes vote against each other or even against

their government representatives.

The Conference plays a very important role. It establishes and adopts international labour

standards. It acts as a forum where social and labour questions of importance to the entire

world are discussed. The Conference also adopts the budget of the Organization and electsthe Governing Body.

The Governing Body: It is the executive council of the ILO and meets three times a year in

Geneva. It takes decisions on the ILO policies. It establishes the program and the budget

which it then submits to the Conference for adoption. It also elects the Director-General.

It is composed of 28 government members, 14 employer members and 14 worker

members. Ten of the government seats are permanently held by States of chief industrial

importance. Representatives of other member countries are elected at the Conference every

three years, taking into account geographical distribution. The employers and workers each

elect their own representatives.

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The International Labour Office: Itis the permanent secretariat of the International Labour

Organization and focal point for the overall activities that it prepares under the scrutiny of

the Governing Body and under the leadership of a Director-General, who is elected for a

five-year renewable term. The Office serves as an action centre and research,

documentation and administrative body; it employs some 1,700 officials of over 110

nationalities at the Geneva Headquarters and offices in some 50 countries. In addition,

about 600 experts undertake missions in all regions of the world under the program of

technical cooperation.

5.0 The Conventions of ILO up to 2010

The conventions of ILO up to 2009 show that how the ILO has managed to contribute to the

welfare of the working class and owners of the mills and factories. The ILO conventions up to

2010 are given underneath:

1 Hours of Work (Industry) Convention, 1919

2 Unemployment Convention, 1919

3 Maternity Protection Convention, 1919

4 Night Work (Women) Convention, 1919 (shelved)

5 Minimum Age (Industry) Convention, 1919

6 Night Work of Young Persons (Industry) Convention, 1919

7 Minimum Age (Sea) Convention, 1920

8 Unemployment Indemnity (Shipwreck) Convention, 1920

9 Placing of Seamen Convention, 1920

10 Minimum Age (Agriculture) Convention, 1921

11 Right of Association (Agriculture) Convention, 1921

12 Workmens Compensation (Agriculture) Convention, 1921

13 White Lead (Painting) Convention, 1921

14 Weekly Rest (Industry) Convention, 1921

15 Minimum Age (Trimmers and Stokers) Convention, 1921 (shelved)

16 Medical Examination of Young Persons (Sea) Convention, 1921

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17 Workmens Compensation (Accidents) Convention, 1925

18 Workmens Compensation (Occupational Diseases) Convention, 1925

19 Equality of Treatment (Accident Compensation) Convention, 1925

20 Night Work (Bakeries) Convention, 1925 (shelved)

21 Inspection of Emigrants Convention, 1926 (shelved)

22 Seamens Articles of Agreement Convention, 1926

23 Repatriation of Seamen Convention, 1926

24 Sickness Insurance (Industry) Convention, 1927

25 Sickness Insurance (Agriculture) Convention, 1927

26 Minimum Wage-Fixing Machinery Convention, 1928

27 Marking of Weight (Packages Transported by Vessels) Convention, 1929

28 Protection against Accidents (Dockers) Convention, 1929 (shelved)

29 Forced Labour Convention, 1930

30 Hours of Work (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1930

31 Hours of Work (Coal Mines) Convention, 1931 (withdrawn by the ILC decision of

15 June 2000)

32 Protection against Accidents (Dockers) Convention (Revised), 1932

33 Minimum Age (Non-Industrial Employment) Convention, 1932

34 Fee-Charging Employment Agencies Convention, 1933 (shelved)

35 Old-Age Insurance (Industry, etc.) Convention, 1933 (shelved)

36 Old-Age Insurance (Agriculture) Convention, 1933 (shelved)

37 Invalidity Insurance (Industry, etc.) Convention, 1933 (shelved)

38 Invalidity Insurance (Agriculture) Convention, 1933 (shelved)

39 Survivors Insurance (Industry, etc.) Convention, 1933 (shelved)

40 Survivors Insurance (Agriculture) Convention, 1933 (shelved)

41 Night Work (Women) Convention (Revised), 1934 (shelved)

42 Workmens Compensation (Occupational Diseases) Convention (Revised), 1934

43 Sheet-Glass Works Convention, 1934 (shelved)

44 Unemployment Provision Convention, 1934 (shelved)

45 Underground Work (Women) Convention, 1935

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46 Hours of Work (Coal Mines) Convention (Revised), 1935 (withdrawn by the ILC decision

of 15 June 2000)

47 Forty-Hour Week Convention, 1935

48 Maintenance of Migrants Pension Rights Convention, 1935 (shelved)

49 Reduction of Hours of Work (Glass-Bottle Works) Convention, 1935 (shelved)

50 Recruiting of Indigenous Workers Convention, 1936 (shelved)

51 Reduction of Hours of Work (Public Works) Convention, 1936 (withdrawn by the ILC

decision of 15 June 2000)

52 Holidays with Pay Convention, 1936

53 Officers Competency Certificates Convention, 1936

54 Holidays with Pay (Sea) Convention, 1936

55 Ship-owners Liability (Sick and Injured Seamen) Convention, 1936

56 Sickness Insurance (Sea) Convention, 1936

57 Hours of Work and Manning (Sea) Convention, 1936

58 Minimum Age (Sea) Convention (Revised), 1936

59 Minimum Age (Industry) Convention (Revised), 1937

60 Minimum Age (Non-Industrial Employment) Convention (Revised), 1937 (shelved)

61 Reduction of Hours of Work (Textiles) Convention, 1937 (withdrawn by the ILC decision

of 15 June 2000)

62 Safety Provisions (Building) Convention, 1937

63 Convention concerning Statistics of Wages and Hours of Work, 1938

64 Contracts of Employment (Indigenous Workers) Convention, 1939 (shelved)

65 Penal Sanctions (Indigenous Workers) Convention, 1939 (shelved)

66 Migration for Employment Convention, 1939 (withdrawn by the ILC decision of 5 June

2000)

67 Hours of Work and Rest Periods (Road Transport) Convention, 1939 (shelved)

68 Food and Catering (Ships Crews) Convention, 1946

69 Certification of Ships Cooks Convention, 1946

70 Social Security (Seafarers) Convention, 1946

71 Seafarers Pensions Convention, 1946

72 Paid Vacations (Seafarers) Convention, 1946

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73 Medical Examination (Seafarers) Convention, 1946

74 Certification of Able Seamen Convention, 1946

75 Accommodation of Crews Convention, 1946

76 Wages, Hours of Work and Manning (Sea) Convention, 1946

77 Medical Examination of Young Persons (Industry) Convention, 1946

78 Medical Examination of Young Persons (Non-Industrial Occupations) Convention, 1946

79 Night Work of Young Persons (Non-Industrial Occupations) Convention, 1946

80 Final Articles Revision Convention, 1946

81 Labour Inspection Convention, 1947

Protocol of 1995 to the Labour Inspection Convention, 1947

82 Social Policy (Non-Metropolitan Territories) Convention, 1947

83 Labour Standards (Non-Metropolitan Territories) Convention, 1947

84 Right of Association (Non-Metropolitan Territories) Convention, 1947

85 Labour Inspectorates (Non-Metropolitan Territories) Convention, 1947

86 Contracts of Employment (Indigenous Workers) Convention, 1947 (shelved)

87 Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organise Convention, 1948

88 Employment Service Convention, 1948

89 Night Work (Women) Convention (Revised), 1948

Protocol of 1990 to the Night Work (Women) Convention (Revised), 1948

90 Night Work of Young Persons (Industry) Convention (Revised), 1948

91 Paid Vacations (Seafarers) Convention (Revised), 1949 (shelved)

92 Accommodation of Crews Convention (Revised), 1949

93 Wages, Hours of Work and Manning (Sea) Convention (Revised), 1949

94 Labour Clauses (Public Contracts) Convention, 1949

95 Protection of Wages Convention, 1949

96 Fee-Charging Employment Agencies Convention (Revised), 1949

97 Migration for Employment Convention (Revised), 1949

98 Right to Organize and Collective Bargaining Convention, 1949

99 Minimum Wage Fixing Machinery (Agriculture) Convention, 1951

100 Equal Remuneration Convention, 1951

101 Holidays with Pay (Agriculture) Convention, 1952

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102 Social Security (Minimum Standards) Convention, 1952

103 Maternity Protection Convention (Revised), 1952

104 Abolition of Penal Sanctions (Indigenous Workers) Convention, 1955 (shelved)

105 Abolition of Forced Labour Convention, 1957

106 Weekly Rest (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1957

107 Indigenous and Tribal Populations Convention, 1957

108 Seafarers Identity Documents Convention, 1958

109 Wages, Hours of Work and Manning (Sea) Convention (Revised), 1958

110 Plantations Convention, 1958

Protocol of 1982 to the Plantations Convention, 1958

111 Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention, 1958

112 Minimum Age (Fishermen) Convention, 1959

113 Medical Examination (Fishermen) Convention, 1959

114 Fishermens Articles of Agreement Convention, 1959

115 Radiation Protection Convention, 1960

116 Final Articles Revision Convention, 1961

117 Social Policy (Basic Aims and Standards) Convention, 1962

118 Equality of Treatment (Social Security) Convention, 1962

119 Guarding of Machinery Convention, 1963

120 Hygiene (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1964

121 Employment Injury Benefits Convention, 1964 [Schedule I amended in 1980]

122 Employment Policy Convention, 1964

123 Minimum Age (Underground Work) Convention, 1965

124 Medical Examination of Young Persons (Underground Work) Convention, 1965

125 Fishermens Competency Certificates Convention, 1966

126 Accommodation of Crews (Fishermen) Convention, 1966

127 Maximum Weight Convention, 1967

128 Invalidity, Old-Age and Survivors Benefits Convention, 1967

129 Labour Inspection (Agriculture) Convention, 1969

130 Medical Care and Sickness Benefits Convention, 1969

131 Minimum Wage Fixing Convention, 1970

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132 Holidays with Pay Convention (Revised), 1970

133 Accommodation of Crews (Supplementary Provisions) Convention, 1970

134 Prevention of Accidents (Seafarers) Convention, 1970

135 Workers Representatives Convention, 1971

136 Benzene Convention, 1971

137 Dock Work Convention, 1973

138 Minimum Age Convention, 1973

139 Occupational Cancer Convention, 1974

140 Paid Educational Leave Convention, 1974

141 Rural Workers Organizations Convention, 1975

142 Human Resources Development Convention, 1975

143 Migrant Workers (Supplementary Provisions) Convention, 1975

144 Tripartite Consultation (International Labour Standards) Convention, 1976

145 Continuity of Employment (Seafarers) Convention, 1976

146 Seafarers Annual Leave with Pay Convention, 1976

147 Merchant Shipping (Minimum Standards) Convention, 1976

Protocol of 1996 to the Merchant Shipping (Minimum Standards) Convention, 1976

148 Working Environment (Air Pollution, Noise and Vibration) Convention, 1977

149 Nursing Personnel Convention, 1977

150 Labour Administration Convention, 1978

151 Labour Relations (Public Service) Convention, 1978

152 Occupational Safety and Health (Dock Work) Convention, 1979

153 Hours of Work and Rest Periods (Road Transport) Convention, 1979

154 Collective Bargaining Convention, 1981

155 Occupational Safety and Health Convention, 1981

Protocol of 2002 to the Occupational Safety and Health Convention, 1981

156 Workers with Family Responsibilities Convention, 1981

157 Maintenance of Social Security Rights Convention, 1982

158 Termination of Employment Convention, 1982

159 Vocational Rehabilitation and Employment (Disabled Persons) Convention, 1983

160 Labour Statistics Convention, 1985

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161 Occupational Health Services Convention, 1985

162 Asbestos Convention, 1986

163 Seafarers Welfare Convention, 1987

164 Health Protection and Medical Care (Seafarers) Convention, 1987

165 Social Security (Seafarers) Convention (Revised), 1987

166 Repatriation of Seafarers Convention (Revised), 1987

167 Safety and Health in Construction Convention, 1988

168 Employment Promotion and Protection against Unemployment Convention, 1988

169 Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention, 1989

170 Chemicals Convention, 1990

171 Night Work Convention, 1990

172 Working Conditions (Hotels and Restaurants) Convention, 1991

173 Protection of Workers Claims (Employers Insolvency) Convention, 1992

174 Prevention of Major Industrial Accidents Convention, 1993

175 Part-Time Work Convention, 1994

176 Safety and Health in Mines Convention, 1995

177 Home Work Convention, 1996

178 Labour Inspection (Seafarers) Convention, 1996

179 Recruitment and Placement of Seafarers Convention, 1996

180 Seafarers Hours of Work and the Manning of Ships Convention, 1996

181 Private Employment Agencies Convention, 1997

182 Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention, 1999

183 Maternity Protection Convention, 2000

184 Safety and Health in Agriculture Convention, 2001

185 Seafarers Identity Documents Convention (Revised), 2003

Maritime Labour Convention, 2006 [this Convention does not have a number]

187 Promotional Framework for Occupational Safety and Health Convention, 2006

188 Work in Fishing Convention, 2007

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6.0 Conventions Accepted by Bangladesh

As we all know that ILO does not directly provide labour laws rather, they make standards that

known as Conventions. Every member country has to follow those. So far, ILO has established

187 conventions amongst which Bangladesh had accepted few. The conventions which Bangladesh

had accepted are given underneath:

C1: Hours of Work (Industry) Convention, 1919

C4: (Shelved) Night Work (Women) Convention, 1919

C6: Night Work of Young Persons (Industry) Convention, 1919

C11: Right of Association (Agriculture) Convention, 1921

C14: Weekly Rest (Industry) Convention, 1921

C15: (Shelved) Minimum Age (Trimmers and Stokers) Convention, 1921

C16: Medical Examination of Young Persons (Sea) Convention, 1921

C18: Workmen's Compensation (Occupational Diseases) Convention, 1925

C19: Equality of Treatment (Accident Compensation) Convention, 1925

C21: (Shelved) Inspection of Emigrants Convention, 1926

C22: Seamen's Articles of Agreement Convention, 1926

C27: Marking of Weight (Packages Transported by Vessels) Convention, 1929

C29: Forced Labour Convention, 1930

C32: Protection against Accidents (Dockers) Convention (Revised), 1932

C45: Underground Work (Women) Convention, 1935

C59: Minimum Age (Industry) Convention (Revised), 1937

C80: Final Articles Revision Convention, 1946

C81: Labour Inspection Convention, 1947

C87: Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organize Convention, 1948

C89: Night Work (Women) Convention (Revised), 1948

C90: Night Work of Young Persons (Industry) Convention (Revised), 1948

C96: Fee-Charging Employment Agencies Convention (Revised), 1949

C98: Right to Organize and Collective Bargaining Convention, 1949

C100: Equal Remuneration Convention, 1951

C105: Abolition of Forced Labour Convention, 1957

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C116: Final Articles Revision Convention, 1961

C107: Indigenous and Tribal Populations Convention, 1957

C106: Weekly Rest (Commerce and Offices) Convention, 1957

7.0 Conclusion:

The labour laws in different countries have been gradually become humane since the inception of

the International Labour Organization. A wonderful sense of unity began to originate among the

workers of the world. Fresh life came to the labour-management process. The workers thought

themselves not helpless. They became capable of choosing the Court of action. The attitudes of the

owners towards their employees began to become normal and transparent. Labour problem began

to matter much in the industrial governance. The aspirations of the workers for a just social order

in the labour sector have been fulfilled so to say.

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8.0 Bibliography

a) The International Labour Organization Journals and Publications- ILO office, Dhanmondi,

Dhaka, Bangladesh.

b) www.ilo.org

c) ILOLEX database: www.ilo.org/ilolex/english/index.htm

d) www.pro169.org

e) www.ilo.org/indegenous

f) Help from The Bangladesh Labour Code, 2006 and Other related Laws

g) http://www.ilo.org/public/english/protection/condtrav/pdf/rdwpaper43a.pdf

h) http://www.ilo.org/global/What_we_do/Publications/ILOBookstore/lang--en/index.htm

i) Action against child labour IPEC highlights 2008.

j) A guide to worker displacement: Some tools for reducing the impact on workers,

communities and enterprises (update 2009)

k) Achieving equal employment opportunities for people with disabilities through legislation.

Guidelines

l) ABC of women workers' rights and gender equality

m) Accident prevention on board ship at sea and in port (2nd edition). Code of practice

n) IPEC news, vol. 3, November 2009

o) Freedom of association in practice: Lessons learned. Global Report under the follow-up to the ILO Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work. Report of the

Director-General, 2008

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