64 65

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Y ,1

Uts1, Ag

1, t

1 Y

2, Ag

2, t

2

Uts1, Ag

1, r

1, t1

Y ,1

Uts1, Ag

1, r

1,t1

Monolithic

FLC

LWB

model

Interactionmodel

Tailor welded blank model =

=+

Y ,2

Uts2, Ag

2, r

2,t2

66 67

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0.023

0.050

0.078

0.105

0.132

0.159

0.186

0.214

0.241

0.268

0.295

Safety strain

Es1 .fld

True value

Crack in the ductile material

s

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8Major strain

-0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4

Minor strain

Forming limit

Stretching area

1mm

IF 260 1mm

DDQ (DC04)

FLC DDQ (DC 4)1mm

DDQ

DDQ 1mm

-0.150

-0.123

-0.096

-0.069

-0.042

-0.016

0.011

0.038

0.065

0.092

Safety strain

-0.1 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4

Minor strain

Forming limit

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8

Major strain

-0.4 -0.3 -0.2

True values

Crack in the ductile material

DDQ

0.8 mm

FLC DDQ (DC 4) 0.8 mm

0.084

0.132

0.179

0.226

0.274

0.321

0.368

0.416

0.463

0.510

Safety strain

0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4

Minor strain

Forming limit

0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

0.6

0.7

0.8Major strain

-0.4 -0.3 -0.2 -0.1 0

True values

DDQ

0.75 mm

DDQ 1.2 mm

FLC DDQ (DC 4) 0.75 mm

Necking in the ductile material

68 69

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70 71

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Type 1 fracturesWeld Weld Type 2 fractures

72 73

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Weld

Weld

74 75

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Weld

Weld

76 77

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78 79

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Too l

Steel sheet

Blank holder

Too l

Steel sheet

Blank holder

Too l

Steel sheet

Blank holder 1

Blank holder 2Too l

Steel sheet

Blank holder

Too l

Steel sheet

Blank holder

80 81

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Strong blank Ductile blank Strong blank Ductile blank

1 - Zone of material flow non-parallel to the weld

2 - Zone of high stresses inreverse stamping

3 - Considerable displacement of the weld towardsthe thicker blank

4 -Wrinkle risk area

Blank holderpad area

Loud speakeropening

Standard designMinimal weight designDiagonal weld design

82 83

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84 85

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