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Agriculture, Crop Processing and Social Relations Agriculture,
Crop Processing and Social Relations in Middle Bronze Age Hungaryin
Middle Bronze Age Hungary
H.H.--P. StikaP. Stika11 , B. Berzs, B. Berzséényinyi2,32,3
& M. K. Jones& M. K. Jones33LectureLecture at 15that 15th
ConferenceConference, International, International WorkWork
GroupGroup PalaeoethnobotanyPalaeoethnobotany,, JuneJune
20102010
1 1 UniversitUniversitäät Hohenheim, Institut ft Hohenheim,
Institut füür Botanik, Dr Botanik, D--70593 Stuttgart70593
Stuttgart2 2 MatricaMatrica MMúúzeum zeum éés Rs Rééggéészetiszeti
Park, Park, GesztenyGesztenyéés s úútt 11--3, H3, H--2440 2440
SzSzáázhalombattazhalombatta3 3 University of Cambridge, Dept. of
Archaeology, Downing Street, UUniversity of Cambridge, Dept. of
Archaeology, Downing Street, UKK--Cambridge CB2 3DZCambridge CB2
3DZ
IGWP, Wilhelmshaven, May 31 – June 5, 2010 H.-P. Stika, B.
Berzsényi & M. K. Jones
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Agriculture in Middle Bronze Age Hungary
Location of the Site of Location of the Site of
SzSzáázhalombattazhalombatta--FFööldvldváárr
H.-P. Stika, B. Berzsényi & M. K. Jones
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Agriculture in Middle Bronze Age Hungary
The Site of The Site of
SzSzáázhalombattazhalombatta--FFööldvldváárr
settlement started second half of Early Bronze AgeEarly Bronze
Age (Nagyrév Culture)
lasting till end of Middle Middle Bronze AgeBronze Age (Vatya
Culture)
1900 – 1400 BC tell sitetell site
re-occupation in Late Late Bronze AgeBronze Age
Early Iron AgeEarly Iron Age fortified hilltop settlement with a
huge rampart
H.-P. Stika, B. Berzsényi & M. K. Jones
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Agriculture in Middle Bronze Age Hungary
The The ArchaeoparkArchaeopark of of
SzSzáázhalombattazhalombatta
H.-P. Stika, B. Berzsényi & M. K. Jones
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Agriculture in Middle Bronze Age Hungary
The Excavation of The Excavation of
SzSzáázhalombattazhalombatta--FFööldvldváárr
20 x 20 m with 1x 1 m excavation units teams: EU project
directed by Kristian Kristiansen Göteborg (Sweden), Cambridge (UK),
Southampton (UK), Matrika Museum (Hungary) and for Benta valley
project by Tim Earle from North-western University in Chicago
(United States)
H.-P. Stika, B. Berzsényi & M. K. Jones
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Agriculture in Middle Bronze Age Hungary
The Flotation at The Flotation at
SzSzáázhalombattazhalombatta--FFööldvldváárr
Brigi Berzsényi at the flotacion
H.-P. Stika, B. Berzsényi & M. K. Jones
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Agriculture in Middle Bronze Age Hungary
Imprints in Daub at Imprints in Daub at
SzSzáázhalombattazhalombatta--FFööldvldváárr
Jo and Brigi discussing silicon casts of imprints in daub
H.-P. Stika, B. Berzsényi & M. K. Jones
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Agriculture in Middle Bronze Age Hungary
Cereal Finds from Cereal Finds from
SzSzáázhalombattazhalombatta--FFööldvldváárr„„new typenew type“ “
hulled wheathulled wheat
Triticum „new type“ hulled wheat
H.-P. Stika, B. Berzsényi & M. K. Jones
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Agriculture in Middle Bronze Age Hungary
Cereal Finds from Cereal Finds from
SzSzáázhalombattazhalombatta--FFööldvldváárrCereal GrainsCereal
Grains
Triticum spelta
Triticum monococcum Hordeum vulgare – hulled barley
Cerealia “roots”
H.-P. Stika, B. Berzsényi & M. K. Jones
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Agriculture in Middle Bronze Age Hungary
Some Wild Plants from Some Wild Plants from
SzSzáázhalombattazhalombatta--FFööldvldváárr
Centaurea cyanus Glaucium cornicultatum
Lithospermum arvense Bromus cf. arvensis Bromus cf. tectorum
Schoenoplectus cf. lacustris
Cladium mariscus
H.-P. Stika, B. Berzsényi & M. K. Jones
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Agriculture in Middle Bronze Age Hungary
ConclusionsConclusions
• tell sitetell site of Százhalombatta-Földvár analysed in a
large excavation projectlarge excavation project•
statisticalstatistical system of samplingsampling and standard
flotation is used• the contributing rural settlements of Benta
valley are analysed• the main crops are einkorneinkorn, hulled
barleyhulled barley, and emmeremmer• lentillentil and peapea are
the main pulses followed by bitter vetch and faba bean• few oil
plants with a safflorsafflor find from Middle Bronze Age• a rich
rich wild wild floraflora is proved indicating the use of the
floodplainsfloodplains of Danube• daubdaub was tempered using
mainly wild grases• daub for special use was tempered differently •
the use use of of spacespace within and outside houses is following
a clear pattern
H.-P. Stika, B. Berzsényi & M. K. Jones
