Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
IGCC Environmental Profiles
Steve Jenkins
CH2M HILL
McIlvaine “Hot Topic Hour on IGCC”
June 4, 2008
2
Environmental Permitting for IGCC Plants
• Based on experience with permitting 10 IGCC plants and 2 coal gasification plants
• Developed industry’s first “IGCC Permitting Guidelines Manual”
– EPRI CoalFleet members have access to this manual
• Detailed database of emissions data for IGCC and gasification plants
®
3
Comparison of Air Emission Controls
Syngas flows through
carbon bed
Wet scrubber, high
temperature cyclone,
ceramic filter
Syngas moisturization and
diluent (N2 and steam); SCR
option
Acid gas removal system
removes >99% H2S
from syngas
IGCCIGCC
Inject activated
carbon into flue gas
ESP or baghouse
Low-NOx burners and SCR
FGD system PCPC
MercuryMercuryPMPMNOxNOxSOSO22
4
Air Emissions
• Unique emission points depend on technology provider
– Flare
– Sulfur Recovery Unit tail gas incinerator
– Sulfuric Acid Plant stack
– Tank vent incinerators
– ASU cooling tower
• Start-up and shutdown emissions can be significant
5
NOx Emission Limit Comparison Gasifier Heat Input Basis
0
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.1
0.11
NOx
Orlando Gasification
AEP - Mountaineer
Duke Energy IndianaEdwardsport
Excelsior - Mesaba
TECO - Polk #6
Tenaska - TaylorvilleEnergy Center
ERORA - Cash CreekGeneration
Energy Northwest - PacificMountain Energy Center
Lb
/MM
Btu
SCR SCRSCR SCRSCR
Note: some of these projects have been cancelled
6
SO2 Emission Limit Comparison Gasifier Heat Input Basis
0
0.005
0.01
0.015
0.02
0.025
0.03
0.035
SO2
Orlando Gasification
AEP - Mountaineer
Duke Energy IndianaEdwardsport
Excelsior Energy - Mesaba
TECO - Polk #6
Taylorville Energy Center
Cash Creek Generation
Energy Northwest - PacificMountain Energy Center
Lb
/MM
Btu
Note: some of these projects have been cancelled
7
Mercury Removal
• Pre-sulfided activated carbon beds
• Forms a mercury-sulfur complex
• >94% removal of vapor-phase mercury at Eastman Chemical
• Spent carbon disposed of in drums
• Proposed IGCC plants plan to use this technology
Source: Eastman Chemical
8
Comparison of Water Use
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
SCPC
IGCC
% C
om
pa
red
to
S
CP
C
Source: DOE
30% less
9
Liquid Discharges
• IGCC designed for substantial re-use and recycling of process water
• Similar needs as with NGCC and PC
– Cooling tower blowdown
– Water treatment wastes
– Storm water
– Coal pile runoff
10
• Ash is removed in molten form, then quench-cooled to form glassy, inert, saleable slag
– Used for making
• Cement
• Asphalt filler
• Roofing shingles
• Sand-blasting grit
• Sulfur
• Sulfuric acid
Byproducts
