Abstract--This paper presents that video files encoded to patch are transferred to number of nodes over a cloud at the same time. The download speed of client can be improved by using distributed links via DASH of cloud nodes. Client can receive the stream like bandwidth improvement of P2P architecture.

I. INTRODUCTION A new and high definition video such as 3D and UHD

(Ultra High Definition) has been introduced in the market. To service these new and HD videos, a higher bitrate should be provided than required for existing services. Recently, as standardization from the MPEG to HEVC has completed, it halves video bandwidth with no quality loss [1]. However, HEVC is still not sufficient for some videos that require higher bit rates to provide services. This paper proposes a method of streaming videos that require high bitrate such as 8K UHD or panoramic videos using a cloud system and DASH (Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP) as similar as P2P file transfer.

This work is supported by IT R&D program of MKE/ETRI (13ZR1110, HCI-based UHD Panorama Technology Development)

This research was supported by the MSIP(Ministry of Science, ICT&Future Planning), Korea, under the C-ITRC(Convergence Information Technology Research Center) support program (NIPA-2013- H0301-13-1006) supervised by the NIPA(National IT Industry Promotion Agency)

In the existing video streaming, even if a client can accommodate videos that require high bitrate, a server’s transmission capability or network bandwidth could not provide the services. On the other hand, since P2P, which might be a good candidate to solve this problem, employs a node-to-node link, it is not suitable for streaming which requires continuous data transmission such as audio or video.

In this paper, a distribution system in a cloud environment as shown in Figure 1 was used to solve this problem. A cloud system performs a patch-based transcoding on videos as proposed in [2], and assigns each patch to a corresponding node. A single physical node between nodes and a client is created by connecting using HTTP-based DASH over TCP. And TCP have good effects with connection oriented protocols in reducing the jitter, stabilizing the throughput and also rate controlling for bandwidth.[5] Therefore, a client has an effect of P2P file transmission, in which downloading is divided into many servers, to improve a download speed. As shown in Figure 1, panoramic video is divided into 14 patches and each patch is assigned to a corresponding node. Assuming that each node uplink bandwidth is 500Kbps, total downlink bandwidth of a client can be up to 7Mbps in this example. To see this effect, a simple experiment was conducted, in which a client was connected to a different set of servers in turn, each server transferring packets endlessly using a loop. Figure 2 shows that a data amount received by a client increased as the number of servers increased.

In [5], the special protocol is used to synchronize the transmission part of the video stream between the senders physically available in different location to the receiver. But the jitter problem still exists between the senders and the receiver. In this paper, nodes of cloud is treated like the senders of [5] .Thus all of the sender exist in the same location i.e. cloud. Hence the jitter problem can be solved by synchronizing the nodes of cloud.

II. PANORAMIC VIDEO STREAMING SERVICE BY CLOUD AND DASH

A. Patch size In [3], three selectable bitrates of video sources: 5Mbps,

2Mbps, and 500Kbps, were proposed in order to stream the video in accordance with the client requirement or network capability. This criterion was made to adaptively respond to network capability. That is, when an available bitrate between a server and a client was above 5Mbps, 5Mbps video source was serviced, and then for above 2Mbps available bitrate, 2Mbps video source was sent while for above 500Kbps

High Resolution Video Streaming Method by Cloud and DASH

Daehee Won(1), Yongwoo Cho(1), Kyungmo Park(2), Doug Young Suh(1) (1) Kyunghee University, Yong-in, Republic of Korea

(2)Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Suwon, Republic of Korea daehee@khu.ac.kr, yongwoo@khu.ac.kr, kyungmo.park@samsung.com, suh@khu.ac.kr

Fig. 1. Concept of panoramic video streaming system over a cloud system

2014 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics (ICCE)

978-1-4799-1291-9/14/$31.00 ©2014 IEEE 552

available bitrate, 500Kbps video source was serviced. This implied that most multimedia service environments guaranteed 500Kbps and more for network bandwidth between a server and a client. Therefore, this paper set the maximum transfer amount that a single node over a cloud system can have as 500Kbps. It also limited a size of a patch to be transferred as 500Kbps.

Most video streaming services over the Internet have

approximately 2Mbps bandwidth, which can provide HD (1280×720p / 23fps) video services [4]. Therefore, based on this data, a bitrate according to a video resolution can be estimated as shown in TABLE I. Furthermore, video resolution over 500Kbps can be estimated as 640×360p with a frame rate of 23fps. In this paper, this size was defined as a single patch. In TABLE I, the number of patches, which can be produced according to the video resolution, was also indicated. Furthermore, this paper assumed that the resolution of panoramic video was 7 times the width and twice the length compared to those of full HD.

Therefore, a cloud system divided a video image of 13440×2160p by transcoding it into a patch size of 640×360p and sharing them with 126 nodes. Then, a cloud system transfers them to a DASH-based client in a distributing manner in a network environment of above 500Kbps bandwidth. By this way, a client can receive large size panoramic video without interruption and degradation. In the case of 8K UHD as well, a size of 7680×4320p video is divided into 144 nodes and transferred to a DASH-based client in a distributing manner thereby watching a large size video of 8K×4K. This service provides the same capability, 10MByte/s (= 80Mbps) of file downloading speed as using P2P program.

B. DASH based scalable video streaming service

DASH can provide dynamic adaptive streaming as shown in Figure 1 of [3]. Because of this, while 8K UHD contents are watched by a large size TV in an N-screen scenario and

changing the contents seamlessly to be watched by a mobile device of a low resolution, it causes overhead to receive 8K UHD high definition contents using excessive data and power consumption. Therefore, down-sampling of HD images should be done to be sent to a client. To this end, a cloud pre-arranges many different resolutions of the same video source with regard to an original video. The resolutions produced at this time are in accordance with the selectable bitrates proposed in [3]. That is, before storing the video source, considering 5Mbps:2Mbps:500Kbps=1:2/5:1/10, 1011×569p, which is approximately 5/2 times of a patch size, 640×360p, that was fixed in the above, is down-sampled to 640×360p while 2024×1138p image, which is 10 times, is down-sampled to 640×360p. Therefore, the number of patches as well as the number of nodes required for a single video decreased. As a result, the data amount received by a client will be reduced by 1/5 or 1/10 respectively.

III. CONCLUSION The basic concept of the cloud is distributed processing of

one large job through virtualization via a number of nodes. Using this, one large size video like panorama or 8K UHD can be divided into many patches by distributed transmission as proposed in this paper, so that a client can receive streaming services in currently using the 100Mbps Ethernet. Furthermore, using HEVC, a bitrate required for each video type can be reduced by 50% so that larger resolution video services can be provided [1].

Through the method proposed in this paper, contents consumers can consume videos as much as they can receive without considering server’s capability of transmission performance. Although this paper discussed only processes a from the cloud to a client, if processes from contents providers to the cloud are studied, a live performance in a main stage can be broadcasted to other performance stages all around the world to watch the HD video live performance. If this kind of services is done by an individual level, it can cause a problem of large network traffic whereas a specific place such as a performance stage can provide this kind of streaming service without creating network traffic problem.

REFERENCE [1] Gary J. Sullivan, Jens-Rainer Ohm, Woo-Jin Han, and Thomas

Wiegand, “Overview of the High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) Standard,” IEEE Transactions On Circuits and System for Video Technology, vol. 22, no. 12, Dec 2012.

[2] Ni Qin, Dezhen Song, “On-Demand Sharing of a High-Resolution Panorama Video from Networked Robotic Cameras,” Intelligent Robots and Systems, 2007. IROS 2007. IEEE/RSJ International Conference on, pp. 3113-3118, Oct 2007.

[3] Iraj Sodagar, “The MPEG-DASH Standard for Multimedia Streaming Over the Internet,” MultiMedia, IEEE, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 62-67, April 2011.

[4] Nagarajesh Garapati, “Quality Estimation of YouTube Video Service,” Electrical Engineering with emphasis on Telecommunication, pp. 1-44, Feb 2010.

[5] Thinh PQ Nguyen, Avideh Zakhor, “Distributed Video Streaming Over Internet,” Multimedia Computing and Networking 2002, pp 186-195, Dec 2001.

TABLE I BITRATES AND THE NUMBER OF PATCHES REQUIRED

FOR VIDEO RESOLUTIONS

Video type Resolution Frame rate Required bitrate

# of patch

Panorama 13440×2160p 23fps 63Mbps 126 8K UHD 7680×4320p 23fps 72Mbps 144 4K UHD 3840×2160p 23fps 18Mbps 36 Full HD 1920×1080p 23fps 4.5Mbps 9 HD 1280×720p 23fps 2Mbps 4

Fig. 2.Change in data amount received by a client in the multi-servers andsingle-client and TCP case

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