IE 419/519Wireless Networks

Lecture Notes #1Course Introduction

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IE 419/519 Personnel Instructor:

Dr. J. David Porter Office 420 Rogers Hall Phone (541) 737-2446 Email

david.porter@oregonstate.edu Office hours M W 4:00 – 5:30PM

By Appointment

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Textbook Stallings, W.,

Wireless Communications & Networks, 2nd Edition, Prentice Hall, 2005

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Book References Stallings, W., Data & Computer

Communications, 9th Edition, Prentice Hall, 2011

Palmer, R., The Bar Code Book, 5th Edition, Helmer’s Publishing, 2007

Any Visual Basic programming reference book

Any MS Access programming reference book

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IE 419/519 Websites Course’s Web Site

http://classes.engr.oregonstate.edu/mime/winter2013/ie519

Book’s Web Site http://williamstallings.com/WirelessCommunications/

Students are responsible for checking course’s web site on a regular basis for updates Lecture notes will be posted there

PowerPoint format Course Announcements Homework Assignments

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Course Format Lectures

Two sessions per week T Th 10:00 – 11:20AM Rogers 332

Reading Assignments Homework Assignments Midterm Examination Final Examination Term Project

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Course Learning Outcomes All students completing IE 419 or IE 519 should be able to:

1. Understand different types of wireless local area network (WLAN) technologies.

2. Understand the significance that specific layers of the TCP/IP protocol have in wireless communications.

3. Identify the different types of wireless communications protocols contained in the IEEE 802.11 WLAN standard.

4. Identify the most critical antenna design parameters and understand their impact in wireless communications.

5. Understand radio frequency (RF) propagation.6. Understand spread spectrum technology.7. Demonstrate knowledge of concepts related with alternative

wireless technologies such as radio frequency identification (RFID).8. Demonstrate the ability to design and implement a wireless data

collection system.9. Demonstrate the ability to communicate and document technical

information in a professional, structured, timely, and effective manner.

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Grading Criteria Homework 15% Midterm 25% Final Exam 25% Term Project* 35%

A student must attend at least 90% of the lecture sessions to be eligible to receive credit for the term project.

*

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Course Policies Reading Assignments

Reading assignments are required for ALL lecture sessions

Students are strongly advised to complete these assignments before attending the corresponding lecture

Homework Should be submitted at the beginning of the

class on the day is due Late assignments will not be allowed Must be completed individually, unless

otherwise specified by the instructor

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Course Policies Examinations

Students are expected to take the examinations on the scheduled dates

If a student is unable to attend an exam due to verifiable unforeseeable reasons (e.g., illness, accident, etc.), the instructor will, at his discretion, decide whether to designate a make-up date and time for the examination or to shift the weight of the missed examination to the final exam

Exams will be closed-book and closed-notes The final exam will be cumulative

The Term Project

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When Are Mobile Solutions Appropriate?

When the business currently uses paper forms

When employees need to analyze the information collected at the point of action

When the business suffers from Poor communications between the office, floor,

warehouse, and field Long accounts receivable cycles and/or poor customer

satisfaction

When the business involves inspections, inventory control, auditing, or market research

Great opportunities to improve productivity and efficiency

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Wireless System Architecture

HostAccessPoint

WirelessBar codeScanner

2.- Database system3.- Graphic User Interface

1.- Client Application

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Requirements Identify Candidate Application Domain

Must include at least two sequential processes

Database System MS Access

Graphic User Interface MS Access Visual Basic/Visual C++

Client Application Wavelink Studio

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Term Project Deliverables Project Proposal Weekly Status Report Final Written Report Final Presentation Project Demo Peer Evaluation Project Documentation CD

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Current Process

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R2WProposed Process

Introduction

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Evolution of Wireless Technology Nikola Tesla

Invented radio communications Guglielmo Marconi

Sent telegraphic signals across the Atlantic Ocean

Communications satellites launched in 1960s Advances in wireless technology

Radio, television, mobile telephone, communication satellites

More recently Satellite communications, wireless

networking, cellular technology

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Broadband Wireless Technology Higher data rates achievable with

broadband wireless technology Graphics, video, audio

Shares same advantages of all wireless services

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Wireless Technologies Unlicensed Frequency Spectrum

Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) 915 MHz 2.45 GHz 5.8 GHz

Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) Based on IEEE 802.11 standards Refers to 802.11-compatible products certified as

interoperable by the Wi-Fi Alliance Covers office and home based LANs as well as

hotspots

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Comparison of Wi-Fi Standards

IEEE Standard

Data Rate Frequency Band

Notes

802.11 1 Mbps2 Mbps

2.4 GHz First standard (1997). Used both DSSS & FHSS.

802.11a Up to 54 Mbps

5 GHz Second standard (1999). Products not released until late 2000.

802.11b 5.5 Mbps11 Mbps

2.4 GHz Third standard but second wave of products (1999). Most common.

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Comparison of Wi-Fi Standards

IEEE Standard

Data Rate Frequency Band

Notes

802.11g Up to 54 Mbps

2.4 GHz Standard approved in June 2003.

802.11n Up to 600 MbpsMIMO (multiple input multiple output)

5 GHz and/or 2.4 GHz

Released in 2008. Full approval expected in December 2009.

Next generation?

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Wireless Technologies (cont.)

Unlicensed Frequency Spectrum Unlicensed National Information

Infrastructure (U-NII) U-NII devices do not require licensing Designated to provide short-range, high-speed

wireless networking communication at low cost Three frequency bands (100 MHz each) were set

aside by the FCC in 1997 Objective was to help schools connect to the

Internet without the need for hard wiring

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Wireless Technologies (cont.)

Unlicensed Frequency Spectrum Unlicensed National Information

Infrastructure (U-NII)

Designation

Frequency Band

Maximum Output Power

Use

U-NII-1 5.15 – 5.25GHz 50 mW Indoor only

U-NII-2 5.25 – 5.35 GHz 250 mW Outdoor and indoor

U-NII-2e* 5.47 – 5.725 GHz

250 mW Outdoor and indoor

U-NII-3 5.725 – 5.825 GHz

1 W Outdoor only

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Wireless Technologies (cont.)

Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) Similar to Wi-Fi Range of 40-50 Km

Wireless alternative to cable, DSL, and T1/E1 for last-mile broadband access

Initial developments were in fixed locations but a mobile version was also developed

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Wireless Technologies (cont.)

ZigBee Standard ratified on Dec 9, 2004 Enables reliable, cost-effective, low-power,

wirelessly networked, monitoring and control products based on an open global standard

Targeted to sensors and control devices that do not require high bandwidths but do require low latency and very low power consumption

Initial markets Home control Building Automation Industrial Automation

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Wireless Technologies (cont.)

Ultrawideband According to the FCC, ultrawideband is any radio

technology with a spectrum that occupies greater than 20% of the center frequency or a minimum of 500MHz

An UWB system provides a wireless PAN Data payload communication capabilities of 53.3, 80,

110, 160, 200, 320, 400, and 480 Mb/s Employs orthogonal frequency division multiplexing

(OFDM) Technology specification developed by MultiBand

OFDM Alliance (MBOA) Over 170 member companies

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Limitations and Difficulties Limitations as well as political and

technical difficulties inhibit wireless technologies

Lack of an industry-wide standard Device limitations

Small LCD on a mobile telephone can only display a few lines of text

Browsers of most mobile wireless devices use wireless markup language (WML) instead of HTML

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Standards Organizations National Technical Standard-Setting

Organizations: American National Standards Institute Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, Inc National Institute of Standards and Technology

International Standard-Setting Organizations: International Telecommunication Union International Standards Organization European Telecommunications Standards Institute

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Wireless Technology & Governance

Federal Communications Commission National Telecommunications and

Information Administration Cellular Telecommunications Industry

Association