COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING MATERIAL
Sector: Masonry
Qualification Title: Masonry NC II
Unit of Comprtency: Lay brick/block for structure
Module Title: Laying brick/block for structure
CCT-Training and Development Institute
HOW TO USE THIS COMPETENCY- BASED LEARNING MATERIALWelcome!
The unit of competency, "Lay brick/block for structure", is one
of the competencies of MASONRY NC II, a course witch comprise the
knowledge, skills and attitudes required for a TVET trainer to
possess.The module, "Lay brick/block for structure", contains
training materials and activity related to identify learner
requirements, preparing session plan, preparing basics
instructional materials and organizing learning and team activities
for you to complete.In this module Masonry, you are required to go
through a series of learning activities in order to complete each
learning outcome. In each learning outcome are Information Sheets,
Self-Checks, Operation Sheets and Task/Job Sheets. Follow and
perform the activities on your own. If you have questions, do not
hesitate to ask for assistance from your facilitator.
Remember to:
Work through all the information and complete the activities in
each section.
Read information sheets and complete the self-check. Suggested
references are included to supplement the materials provided in
this module.
Most probably, your trainer will also be your supervisor or
manager. He is there to support you and show you the correct way to
do things.
You will be given plenty of opportunities to ask questions and
practice on the job. Make sure you practice your new skills during
regular work shifts. This way, you will improve your speed, memory
and your confidence.
Use the Self-Checks, Operation Sheets or Task or Job Sheets at
the end of each section to test your own progress. Use the
Performance Criteria Checklist or Procedural Checklist located
after the sheet to check your own performance.
When you feel confident that you have had sufficient practice,
ask your Trainer to evaluate you. The results of your assessment
will be recorded in your Progress Chart and Accomplishment
Chart.
You need to complete this module before you can perform the next
module.RECOGNITION OF PRIOR LEARNING (RPL)You may already have some
of the most of the knowledge and skills covered in this learnings
guide because you have;
Been working for some time
Already completed training in this area
If you can demonstrate to your trainer that you are already
competent in a particular skill or skills, talk to him/her about
having them formally recognized so you dont have to do the same
training again. If you have a qualification or Certification of
competency from previous training, show it to your trainer. If the
skill you acquired is to still current and relevant to the unit/s
of the competency they may become the part of the evidence you may
present to RPL. If you are not sure about the current of your
skill, discuss with your trainer.This module was prepared to help
you achieve the required competency, in Install electrical
protection in lighting and grounding. This will be the source for
you to acquire knowledge and skill into this particular trade
independent and your own pace, with minimum supervision or help
from your instructor.
Talk to your trainer and agree on how you will both organize the
training of this unit. Read through the module carefully. It is
divided into section, which cover all skills and knowledge you need
to successfully complete this module.
Work though all information and complete the activity in each
section. Read information sheets and job sheets and complete the
self check and perform the procedural checklist. Suggested
references are including supplementing the materials in this
module.
Most probably your trainer will be your supervisor or manager.
He/she is there to support you and show you the correct way to do
thing.
You trainer will tell you about the important thing you need to
consider when you are completing activities and it is important
that will listen ant take notes.
You will be given plenty of opportunity to ask question and
practice on the job. Make sure you practice your new skills during
regular work shifts. This way you will improve both your speed and
memory and also your competence.
Talk more experience workmates and ask for their guidance.
Use the self-chick question the end of each section to test you
own progress.
When you are ready, ask you trainer to watch you perform the
activity outcome in this module.
As you work though the activity, ask for written feedback on
your progress. You trainer keeps feedback/pre assessment reports
for this reason. When you have successfully completed each element,
ask you trainer to mark on reports that you are ready for the
assessment.
When you have complete this module (or several module), and feel
confident that you have had sufficient practice, your trainer will
agree an appointment with registered assessor to assess you. The
result of your assessment will be the record in your Competency
Achievement Record.
LIST OF CORE COMPETENCY
NO.Unit of CompetenciesModule TitleCode
1.Lay brick/block for structure
Laying brick/block for structure
2.Plaster concrete / masonry surface
Plastering concrete / masonry surface
3.Install pre-cast balusters and handrailInstalling pre-cast
balusters and handrail
TABLE OF CONTENTHow to use this competency-based learning
material.......2Recognition of prior learning....3List of
competencies.5Table of content....6Module content.....7
Learning experiences....9Information sheet 1.4-1 drawing symbols
and sign.10
Self-check 1.4-1...20
Answer key 1.4-121
Information sheet 1.4-2 trade mathematics.22
Self-check 1.4-2..29
Answer key 1.4-2....30
Information sheet 1.4-3 technical plans and schematic
diagram31
Job sheet1.4-3.45
Performance criteria...46
Information sheet 1.4-4 symbols and abbreviation.47
Self-check 1.4-4..55
Answer key 1.4-4...56 MODULE CONTENT
UNIT OF COMPETENCY: Lay brick/block for structureMODULE TITLE:
Laying brick/block for structure
MODULE DESCRIPTOR: This module covers the knowledge, skills and
proper attitude in installing electrical protection system. It
deals with installation of high/low voltage switch gear, earth
leakage circuit breaker, lightning protection and grounding system.
NOMINAL DURATION: 72 hoursLEARNING OUTCOMES:
Upon completion of this module, the trainer/ student MUST be
able to:LO1. Identify and explain the uses of tools and equipment
in brick/block laying.LO2. Identify and explain the composition,
properties, uses and types of masonry materials.LO3. Enumerate and
explain the various methods and processes in masonry
construction.
Lo4. Identify and interpret drawing symbols and plans.Lo5.
Perform trade mathematics and mensuration.
Lo6. Perform 5S.
Lo7. Identify and describe safe work practices and first aid
regulations.
Lo8. Perform safe work practices and respond to emergency
situations.
Lo9. Install/dismantle scaffold.
Lo10. Install and mark batter boards.
Lo11. Install reinforcing bar/dowel.
Lo12. Lay brick/block.
Lo13. Check for plumbness/squareness.
Lo14. Construct/cast-in place concrete structures.
Lo15. Check all brick/block and concrete works for quality.
Lo16. Clean work site and maintain tools and equipment
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
1. Sign, symbol and data are identified according to job
specification.2. Sign, symbols and drawing are determined according
to classification or as appropriate drawing.
3. Dimension and specification are identified according to job
requirements.
LEARNING OUTCOME # 4: Identify and interpret drawing and
plansCONTENTS: Drawing symbols and sign
Trade mathematics Technical plans and schematic diagram
Symbols and abbreviation CONDITION:
Students/trainees must be provided with the following:
Classroom for discussion Manuals/catalogues relative to
construction sector
Instructional materialsMETHODOLOGIES:
Classroom discussion/lecture Self-pacedASSESMENT METHOD:
Practical exam Written test/questioning
Oral exam
LEARNING EXPERIENCESLEARNING OUTCOME # 4 IDENTIFY AND INTERPRET
DRAWING SYMBOLS AND PLANSLearning ActivitiesSpecial
Instructions
1. Read Information Sheet No. 1.4-1 Drawing symbols and sign
2. Answer Self-Check 1.4-1
Compare your answer to the key No: 1.4-1 answers with the answer
key. You are required to get all answers correct. If not, read the
information sheets again to answer all questions correctly.
3. Read Information Sheet No. 1.4-2 Trade mathematics
4. Answer Self-Check 1.4-2Compare your answer to the key No:
1.-2 answers with the answer key. You are required to get all
answers correct. If not, read the information sheets again to
answer all questions correctly.
5.Read Information Sheet No. 1.4-3 Technical plans and schematic
diagram
6. Perform job sheet 1.4-3 Technical plans and schematic
diagram
Trainee evaluate output using performance criteria checklist job
sheet no 1.4-3
7. Read Information Sheet No.1.4-4Symbols and abbreviations
8. answer self-check 1.4-4Compare your answer to the key No:
1.4-4 answers with the answer key. You are required to get all
answers correct. If not, read the information sheets again to
answer all questions correctly.
INFORMATION SHEET 1.4-1
DRAWING SYMBOLS AND SIGNLearning Objectives: After reading this
information sheet, you must able to:1. Identify the drawing symbols
for masonry2. Identify the different sign of masonryBlueprint
Symbols
BlueprintsBlueprints are those rolls of blue paper that
construction engineers and architects carry around and pore over at
job sites, during technical meetings etc. They are actually
white-on-blue reproductions of technical drawings of engineering or
architecture designs made using a contact print process on
light-sensitive paper, sometimes linen, Mylar or imitation
vellum.Reading blueprints need some degree of getting used to
especially for non-engineers or architects. Hundreds of blueprint
symbols are used and without any strict international standards,
there may be some minor variations to some of them depending on
geographical location.A complete set of blueprints for an entire
construction project includes but is not limited to the following
types: Architectural indicates the master view and details of floor
plans Civil shows topographic views of all exterior surroundings
Landscaping shows landscaping views and irrigation. This is
sometimes included in the civil drawings. Structural indicates
dimensions and sizing of structural design with details for steel,
joists, concrete, footings, shafts, beams etc. Mechanical indicates
locations, sizes and specs for HVAC ducts, piping and other
equipment. Plumbing indicates locations, sizes and specs for all
plumbing fixtures, piping and equipment. Electrical indicates
locations, circuits and specs for all electrical equipment and
fixtures.Landscaping Orientation Symbols
HVAC Symbols
Structural Symbols
Architectural Floor Plan Symbols
The symbols below are used in architectural floor plans. Every
office has their own standard, but most symbols should be similar
to those shown on this page.
Building SectionTop Line = Drawing Number
Bottom Line = Sheet NumberWall SectionTop Line = Drawing
Number
Bottom Line = Sheet Number
Detail SectionTop Line = Drawing Number
Bottom Line = Sheet NumberExterior or Building ElevationTop Line
= Drawing Number
Bottom Line = Sheet Number
Plan Detail Call OutTop Line = Drawing Number
Bottom Line = Sheet NumberColumn Grid Call OutHorizontal Lines =
Letters
Vertical Lines = Numbers
Revision CloudNumber = Revision on this sheetWall or Partition
TagNumber = Partition type
Interior ElevationsTop Line = Drawing Number
Bottom Line = Sheet Number
Letters = Sub-drawing Number
SIM = Similar & OPH = Opposite HandNorth Arrow
Door TagThe number is relative to the room that the door leads
to.Window or Glazing TagThe number identifies the window type or
the glass type
Room IDTop Lines = Room Name
Inside Box = Room Number
Note: All the doors and windows shown below are marked with
numbers such as "3068". These numbers specify the width and height
for the door and window. "3068" for a door means that the door is
3'0" wide by 6'8" high.
Plumbing, Piping and Valves Symbols
Electrical Symbols
Self-check 1.4-1Multiple choice:1. Shows topographic views of
all exterior surroundings
A. civil
B. architectural C. electricalD. plumbing
2. Indicates the master view and details of floor plans
A. civil
B. architecturalC. plumbing D. electrical
3. shows landscaping views and irrigation. This is sometimes
included in the civil drawings.
A. civil
B. architecturalC. plumingD. landscaping
4. Indicates locations, sizes and specs for HVAC ducts, piping
and other equipment.
A. plumbingB. mechanical
C. landscaping
D. plumbing5. Indicates dimensions and sizing of structural
design with details for steel, joists, concrete, footings, shafts,
beams etc.
A. plumbingB. electricalC. civil
D. structural
6. Indicates locations, sizes and specs for all plumbing
fixtures, piping and equipment.
A. plumbingB. electricalC. civil
D. structural
7. Indicates locations, circuits and specs for all electrical
equipment and fixtures.
A. plumbingB. electricalC. civil
D. structural
.Answer key 1.4-1
1. A
2. B
3. D
4. B
5. D
6. A
7. B
Information sheet 1.4-2
Trade mathematics
Mathematics in Construction
Introduction:In the real world of building construction there
are many rich problems which can be used to build sense making and
reasoning skills for students.
The website PBS for Teachers offers ready to use lessons based
on NTCM standards as an example.
Some activities on this site includeHow many Shingles,Pricing a
Deck,andFencing the Yard.
The Pythagorean Theorem is used extensively in designing and
building structures, especially roofs.
Gable roofs, for example, are made by placing two right
triangles together. Specialized terms help to explain the triangle
relationships in roof construction.
Terminology
The span is the length from the outside wall to the outside wall
of a building. Because construction is often made up of multiple
layers of wood, building plans often provided detailed descriptions
to make clear where to begin or end measurements.
The RUN is one-half the span. Units of run are typically based
on 12 inches.
Carpenters do not refer to the angle of a roof as 300or 600, but
prefer to use the pitch of the roof.
The pitch is a ratio of vertical to horizontal measurements.
If a plan calls for a 6/12 pitch roof, then the architect wants
the slope of the roof to go up six inches for every 12 inches of
horizontal run. Carpenters prefer to use Pitch in calculations
instead of rise and run.
Key Formulas:Length of rafter =
Suppose a roof has a rise of 18 inches and a run of 15 feet. How
long is the rafter?
Length of rafter =
Only very simple tools are needed to cut r roof rafters such as
a saw, framing square (or carpenters square) and a tape
measure.
The framing square is made up of two legs joined at the heel to
form a right angle. The longer leg of the framing square is called
the body and the shorter one leg is called the tongue. To measure a
10/20 roof pitch, place the 10 on the tongue and the 20 on the
body. When a piece of lumber is added to a carpenters square, it
becomes a right triangle.
Math Application
A Gable is a triangle formed by a sloping roof. A building may
be front-gabled or side-gabled.
Consider structures where two roofs intersect as shown here.
When two roofs intersect, a valley rafter is formed.
The valley formed from the two common rafters and can be thought
of as the diagonal in a rectangular solid.
From geometry we know that right triangles are similar therefore
the sides of one triangle is proportional to the sides of the
other.When the Pitch of the two intersecting roofs are not the
same, see Gable picture, then the valley rafter calculation will
involve a proportion.
Other formulas needed to work with Roofs are as follows:
Slope Factor =
Fnd the length of the valley rafter given the following
measurements.
L1=8 feet,L2=10 feet, Pitch 1 = 1, Pitch 2 = 0.8,
Length of Valley rafter=
A Geometry Sketchpad showing intersecting roofs with different
pitches is attached.Included in the sketch is the placement of the
Rectangular Solid whose diagonal forms the roof
valley.Clickhere.
The next diagram can be used to create a paper version of
intersecting roofs and corresponding valley rafter.
Self-check 1.4-2
Answer key 1.4-2
Information sheet 1.4-3
Technical plans and schematic diagram
Calculating Scale Factor
To convert an architectural drawing scale to a scale factor:
1. Select the desired scale. 1/8" = 1'-0"
2. Invert the fraction and multiply by 12. 8/1 x 12 = Scale
Factor 96
To convert an engineering drawing scale to a scale factor:
1. Select the desired scale. 1" = 20'
2. Multiply the feet by 12. 20 x 12 = Scale Factor 240
Architectural Scales
DRAWING SCALESCALE FACTORVIEWPORT SCALEDECIMAL SCALE
1/16" = 1'-0"1921/192xp.0625" = 1'-0"
3/32" = 1'-0"1281/128xp.09375" = 1'-0"
1/8" = 1'-0"961/96xp.125" = 1'-0"
3/16" = 1'-0"641/64xp.1875" = 1'-0"
1/4" = 1'-0"481/48xp.25" = 1'-0"
3/8" = 1'-0"321/32xp.375" = 1'-0"
1/2" = 1'-0"241/24xp.50" = 1'-0"
3/4" = 1'-0"161/16xp.75" = 1'-0"
1" = 1'-0"121/12xp1" = 1'-0"
1 1/2" = 1'-0"81/8xp1.5" = 1'-0"
3" = 1'-0"41/4xp3" = 1'-0"
Ad - Article Continues Below
Engineering Scales
DRAWING SCALESCALE FACTORVIEWPORT SCALE
1" = 10'-0"1201/120xp
1" = 20'-0"2401/240xp
1" = 30'-0"3601/360xp
1" = 40'-0"4801/480xp
1" = 50'-0"6001/600xp
1"= 60'-0"7201/720xp
1" = 70'-0"8401/840xp
1" = 80'-0"9601/960xp
1" = 90'-0"10801/1080xp
1" = 100'-0"12001/1200xp
If you have two or three children, a 2,000 sq. ft. home might be
perfectly comfortable and inexpensive to build.
Gambrel style homes make sense. Most people still call thembarn
style houses.Here are a few small house plans that are really
popular right now:
Here are a few small house plans that are also very popular.
Personally, I think a small house plan should be designed by the
owners.
Plans the inspector will need Foundation Plan Floor Plan
Elevations Details Sections Interior Elevations
Foundation Plan-This plan shows how the foundation should be
built according to the information from the soil sample. It shows
how deep into the ground the footings will go and it gives the
dimensions of the footings. It also shows the dimensions of the
foundation wall and any columns or blocks used in the foundation.
It also shows the size of floor joists and how they are spaced.
Finally, it needs to show the vent locations in the foundation
walls.
Floor Plan-This is what most people are familiar with when they
are designing a home. It is sometimes called a home blue print. It
is the layout of the exterior and interior walls.The floor plan
house blueprints also needs to include the dimensions for walls,
rooms, wall thickness, windows and doors, kitchen and bath layouts,
electrical and plumbing layouts, stairs, ceilings, and
flooring.
Elevations-This part of the plans help the inspectors understand
the height of the outside of the house. It also shows the shape and
size of windows, doors, trim, roof material and slope, and anything
else that can help describe the outside building designs of the
house.
Details-this is a plan for some of the smaller things that have
special instructions to build. This is more for the carpenters so
they can get a good idea of what the architect has designed, but
inspectors also like to know what's going on. Some of the details
might include how a fireplace should look, stairs and handrails,
molding and trim or just anything that is different from normal
houses. The details sheet is part of the house-blueprints and is as
many pages as needed.
Sections-This part of the house-blueprints just show how the
parts of a building fit together. Most of it is common sense, but
sometimes walls, stairs, and things like fireplaces need a little
extra explaining to get the clear picture. Like detail plans, the
sections plans are more for the builder than the inspector, but
they like to be kept in the loop. House-blueprints need to fit
together seamlessly.
Interior elevations-This is a plan of the important interior
items that need special consideration. The usual items are
kitchens, bathrooms and fireplaces. Most house blueprints will
include specialty interior items like these.
JOB SHEET 1.4-3
Title: Technical plans and schematic diagram
Performance objectives: given the necessary supply you should be
able to follow the following steps for making schematic diargam
Supplies: bond paper, ball pen, pencil, ruler
Tools:
Equipment:
Steps/procedures:
1. Draw the following line for the dimension of the house2.
Making scale for drawing line3. Draw the symbols 4. Write the
legend of the building
PERFORMANCE CRITERIA CHECKLIST
Technical plans and schematic diagramTrainee,s
Name______________________________________Date_____________
CriteriaYesNo
Did you
*draw the line dimension
*put a scale on your line
*put a plan symbols
*write the legend of the building
Information sheet 1.4-4Symbols and abbreviations
Architectural Abbreviations
The list of abbreviations used in a set of architectural
drawings varies from office to office. Be sure to check the front
section of the drawing set for the abbreviations used within.
#Pound OR Number
&And
@At
ACTAcoustic Ceiling Tile
ADArea Drain
AFFAbove Finished Floor
ALUMAluminum
ANODAnodized
BSMTBasement
BYNDBeyond
BOTBottom
CIPCast In Place
CHNLChannel
CJControl Joint
CLGCeiling
CLRClear
CMUConcrete Masonry Unit
COLColumn
COMPRCompressible
CONCConcrete
CONTContinuous
CPTCarpet
CTCeramic Tile
CTYDCourtyard
DBLDouble
DEMODemolish or Demolition
DIADiameter
DIMDimension
DIMSDimensions
DNDown
DRDoor
DWGDrawing
EAEach
EJExpansion Joint
ELElevation
ELECElectrical
ELEVElevator or Elevation
EPDMEthylene Propylene Diene M-Class (Roofing)
EQEqual
EXISTExisting
EXP JTExpansion Joint
EXTExterior
FDFloor Drain or Fire Department
FECFire Extinguisher Cabinet
FIXTFixture
FLRFloor
FMFilled Metal
FOFace Of
FNDFoundation
GAGauge
GALVGalvanized
GWBGypsum Wall Board
HCHollow Core
HIHigh
HMHollow Metal
HPHigh Point
HRHour
HVACHeating, Ventilating, And Air Conditioning
IRGWBImpact Resistant Gypsum Wall Board
ILOIn Lieu Of
INSULInsulated or Insulation
INTInterior
LOLow
MAXMaximum
MOMasonry Opening
MECHMechanical
MEMBRMembrane
MINMinimum
MRGWBMoisture-Resistant Gypsum Wall Board
MTLMetal
NICNot In Contract
NONumber
NOMNominal
OCOn Center
OHOpposite Hand
OZOunce
PCCPre-Cast Concrete
PLUMBPlumbing
PLYDPlywood
PTPressure Treated
PNTPaint or Painted
PVCPolyvinyl Chloride
RBRRubber
RCPReflected Ceiling Plan
RDRoof Drain
REQDRequired
RMRoom
SIMSimilar
SPECSpecified OR Specification
SPKSprinkler or Speaker
SSTLStainless Steel
STCSound Transmission Coefficient
STLSteel
STRUCTStructure or Structural
T>ongue And Groove
TELETelephone
TLTToilet
TOTop Of
TOCTop Of Concrete
TOSTop Of Steel
TPDToilet Paper Dispenser
T/DTelephone/Data
TYPTypical
UNOUnless Noted Otherwise
U/SUnderside
VIFVerify In Field
VPVision Panel
W/With
WDWood
Self-check 1.4-4Fill in the blanks:
Write the correct symbols abbreviations.
_____1. TLT
_____2. TOC
_____3. SSTL
_____4. RM
_____5. PVC
_____6. NOM
_____7. MTL
_____8. INT_____9. GA
_____10. EXT
Answer key 1.4-4
8. TOILET
9. TOP OF CONCRETE
10. STAINLESS STEEL
11. ROOM
12. POLYVINYL CHLORIDE
13. NOMINAL
14. METAL
15. INTERIOR
16. GAUGE
17. EXTERIOR
MASONRY NCII
Laying brick/block for structure
Date Developed:
Document No.
Issued by:Page 3 of 56
Developed by:Flaviano p. Taborada Jr.
Revision # __
