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IDENTIFICATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND MANAGEMENT OF FUSARIUM WILT

OF BANANA (SABA, LAKATAN, LATUNDAN)

Teresita U. DalisayCrop Protection Cluster, UPLB

INTRODUCTION

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Symptoms of Fusarium wilt of Banana

(

(a)Yellowing starts at the

margin of the leaves

(b) Dried leaves hang in a

skirt like manner

(

(c & d) lengthwise section of

pseudo stem

showing discoloration

(e) cross section of pseudo

stem showing

discoloration around the

core.

a b

c

d

e

OBJECTIVES

1. To map incidence of Fusarium wilt in

banana major growing areas in Luzon

2. To map the occurrence of the different

races of Foc across regions of Luzon

3. To have repository isolates and herbaria

of Foc

4. To do management of banana against

the disease

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OBJECTIVE 1 - To map the incidence of Fusarium wilt in banana major growing areas in Luzon

A1 – 7 regions in Luzon; 2 regions in Visayas

YEAR 1 YEAR 2 YEAR 3

Surveyed areas:Quezon 11 b 8 tCavite 3 b 2 tLaguna 4 b 3 tBatangas 6 b 4 tOr. Mind. 4 b 2 t

Total: 28 b 19 t

Surveyed areas:Pangasinan 15 b 9 bAurora 2 b 1 tLa Union 2 b 1 t Isabela 3 tQuirino 2 tNueva Viscaya 3 tAurora 2 b 1 t

21 b 20 t

Surveyed areas:Benguet 3 b 1 tCam. Sur 8 b 4 tNegros Or. 12 b 8 tBohol 4 b 4 t

27 b 17 t

Grand total: 76 b56 t

DISEASE MADDELA NAGTPUNAN

Div. Norte Ysmael Dismungal Sangbay

Sigatoka 44.56 93.26 88.67 49.42

Bunchy top 0.34 5.62 5.52 15.95

Cordana 72.45 82.02 67.15 56.81

Leaf cross 52.04 77.53 88.08 53.31

Freckle 64.97 44.10 29.65 26.07

Wilt 0.00 0.28 0.58 0.00

Total plants 294 356 344 257

A2 – mini plot survey of foliar diseases

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OBJECTIVE 2 - To map occurrence of the different races of Foc across regions of Luzon

AREA LATITUDE LONGITUDE DATE TIME

Villaverde, Nueva Vizcaya 16.48461520672 121.13742113113 4/17/2007 18:11:00

Solano, Nueva Vizcaya 16.54325366020 121.18974030018 4/18/2007 11:58:00

Villaverde, Nueva Vizcaya 16.59018158913 121.18637144566 4/18/2007 12:41:00

Bagabag, Nueva Vizcaya 16.59020841122 121.18634998798 4/18/2007 12:39:00

Alicia, Isabela16.85044705868 121.75169527531 4/21/2007 14:45:00

Alicia, Isabela16.93962514400 121.74560666084 4/21/2007 17:34:00

Ramon, Isabela16.73891007900 121.54689252377 4/23/2007 13:16:00

Cordon, Isabela16.63021624088 121.50713145733 4/23/2007 20:19:00

Diffun, Quirino16.46624743938 121.52022063732 4/24/2007 13:20:00

Cabarroguis, Quirino 16.43646955490 121.51280164719 4/24/2007 13:47:00

Cabarroguis, Quirino 16.54044806957 121.54110968113 4/25/2007 12:16:00

Diffun, Quirino16.65471553802 121.48301303387 4/25/2007 16:15:00

A3- Positions of Areas with the presence

of Fusarium wilt

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OBJECTIVE 3- To have repository isolates and herbaria of Foc

A1 : total no. of isolatesFirst year : 28

Second year: 21

Third year: 27

Total: 76 A2: total no. of dried pseudostems

= 50

CAV OTHER VCG SEQ. ID

CAV 1832 CT2517 Nit 1 Grp 3

CAV 1834 QP1813 Nit1 Grp 3

CAV 1837 LP112 Nit1 Grp 3

CAV1840 QD1-11-11 Vcg incom. Grp 3

CAV1839 BT1422 Vcg B Grp 4

CAV1833 QP2514 New vcg/npath Grp 5

CAV1838 BT1122R1 New vcg/npath Grp5

CAV1830 BM1225 Unk., not an Foc Outside foc phylo

CAV1842 BL1311 Unk., not an Foc Outside foc phylo

CAV1835 LP1111R3 Nit 1 Seq

CAV1836 LP115R3 nitM Seq

C1V1843 LP1111 Vcg incom. Seq

VCG analysis for 1st batch of samples

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OBJECTIVE 4 - To do management of Fusarium wilt

by

UTILIZATION OF ENDOPHYTIC FUNGI

A 1 : - Collecting sites and distribution of endophytic fungi

Total no. of EF isolates: 54

Distribution: 42.59% (Davao del Norte)

22.22% (Quirino)

16.67% (Gagayan)

12.96% (Nueva Vizcaya)

11.11% (Isabela)

7.41 %(Laguna)

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Cagayan (16.67%)

(EF nos. 46,47, 48, 49

50, 51, 52, 53, 54)

Isabela (11.11%)

(EF nos. 1, 2, 3, 4,5,6)

Nueva Vizcaya (12.96%)

(EF nos. 2, 8, 10, 11,

12, 13, 14)

Quirino (22.22%)

(EF nos. 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 16, 17, 18, 19,

20, 21, 22)

Laguna (7.41%)

(EF nos. 7, 8, 9, 15)

Davao del Norte (42.59%)

(EF nos. 23, 24, 25, 26

27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35,

36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44,

45)

35.48

19.3516.73

6.45 6.453.22 3.22 3.22 3.22 3.22

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

Perc

en

t ab

un

dan

ce

Endophytic fungi

Percent abundance of endophytic fungi isolated from Luzon

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26.09

13.04 13.04

26.09

8.7

4.35 4.35 4.35

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

Pe

rce

nt a

bu

nd

an

ce

Endophytic fungi

Percent abundance of endophytic fungi isolated from Mindanao

A 2 – new records of endophytic fungi onbanana (Codineae; Peyronellaea spp.)

A3 - identified promising Ef isolates against Foc

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A2 – Two promising isolates namely

Aspergillus sp., EF25, EF26 were

able to reduce colony diameter of

Foc isolates

Aspergillus sp. EF1 (AMR)

growing on hsPDA, obverse

(A), reverse (B), long and

slender conidiophores bearing

clavate vesicle

C) (400X), long chain of

conidia attached to a vesicle

(D and E) (440X),

unicellular, globose conidia (F)

(1000X).

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Aspergillus sp. EF25

(AMR) growing on

hsPDA, obverse (A),

reverse (B),

micronematous mycelia

(C) (400X), straight

conidiophore

with mass of spores (D)

(400X), vesicle fully

covered with

phialides (E) (400X),

unicellular, globose

conidia (F) (1000X).

Aspergillus sp. EF26

(AMR) growing on

hsPDA, obverse (A),

reverse (B), young and

mature fruiting bodies

(C) (400X), vesicle fully

covered with phialides

(D) ),clavate vesicle with

long phialides bearing

catenate conidia (E)

(400X), unicellular,

globose conidia (F)

(1000X).

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Foc-NV isolates grown alone on agar plates (A-NV2A, D-NV3B,G-NV5C)

compared when grown with Aspergillus sp. EF1 (B, E, H) and Aspergillus

sp. EF25 (C, F, I). Rapid colony forming characteristics of Aspergillus sp.

EF1 completely overgrew Foc isolates, except Aspergillus sp. EF1

against NV2A and NV3B.

Foc-IS isolates grown alone on agar plates (A-IS3B, C-IS5A, E-

IS6B) compared when grown with Aspergillus sp. EF26 (B, D, F).

EF completely covered Foc isolates except Foc-I6B.

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Foc-QU isolates grown alone on agar plates (A-QU1A, C-QU2B,

E-QU3A) compared when with Aspergillus sp. EF26. Note

restricted growth of Foc- QU2B and Foc-QU3A isolates .

IN-VIVO EVALUATION OF EF

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ISOLATE OF FOC

EF26 EF25

ISABELA IS3B 29.30 bc 33.43c

IS5A 31.01bc 32.50c

IS6B 36.83c 40.47d

NUEVA VIZCAYA

NV2A 25.73b 31.45bc

NV3B 30.17bc 35.77bc

NV5C 29.60bc 30.63c

QUIRINO QU1A 23.73b 24.03c

QU2B 25.10b 27.60b

QU3A 25.17b 28.30b

C1 (Foc alone) 8.26a 13.60bc

C2 (EF alone) 30.0bc 28.33abc

Response of banana on EF treated soil.

Response of banana

plants on activity of

Aspergillus sp.

EF26 against Foc isolates

from Isabela. C1 refers to

FOC-IS isolates alone

while C2 refers to EF26

alone.

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Response of banana plants

on activity of Aspergillus

sp. EF26 against Foc

isolates fromNueva

Vizcaya. C1 refers to FOC-

NV isolates alone

while C2 refers to EF26

alone.

Response of banana

plants on activity of

Aspergillus sp. EF26

against Foc isolates from

Qurino. C1 refers to

FOC-QU isolates

alone while C2 refers to

EF26 alone.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Isabela– - Dr. Billy Timanel- Dr. Flor Timanel– Mr. Ruel Gesmundo

Quirino – Prof. FredismindaDolojan

– Ms. LuzvimindaSabigan

Nueva Viscaya – Dr. Jonar YagoAurora – Ms. Zenaida AbawaNegros Oriental – Dr. Peter Dayot

– Dr. Nancy Olasiman– Prof. Al Zamora

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Pangasinan – Prof. Dannah Jean Concepcion

Benguet & La Union – Dr. Janet Luis

– Ms. Marian Luis

Oriental Mindoro – Mr. Jess Reyes

- Mr. De Sagun

Bohol - Dr. Liza Quirog

Quezon - Dr. Edna Aguilar

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GPS rental – Dr. Demie

Macandog

Travel companion – Ms. Jennifer

Niem

– Dr. Edna

Ardales

THANK YOU!