IDAHO’S JUSTICE

REINVESTMENT INITIATIVE

FIFTH ANNUAL INSTITUTIONAL CORRECTIONS RESEARCH NETWORK (ICRN)/ NATIONAL CORRECTIONS REPORTING PROGRAM (NCRP)

THURSDAY MAY 12, 2016

Janeena Wing

Evaluation and Compliance Supervisor

Idaho Department of Correction

Lessons learned becoming a JRI state

AGENDA OVERVIEW:

Agency overview

Challenges requiring intervention

Strategies developed

Implementation

JRI metrics

Required reports

Impact of JRI

AGENCY OVERVIEW

9 State Prisons

7 Judicial Districts

23 Satellite offices (P&P)

3 Community Release Centers

1 Central Office

1 Central Office annex

= 44 Facilities/Work Units

Approx. 2,000 staff

Approx. 8,000 inmates

Approx. 15,000 probationers/parolees

Rider = retained jurisdiction for up to 180 days for probationer

Termer = incarceration within prison and released to parole

CHALLENGES:

Idaho has one of the lowest crime rates in the United States (3rd) but has the 10th highest incarceration rate in the U.S.

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Utah

Montana

Wyoming

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Colorado

Oregon

Nevada

COUNCIL FOR STATE GOVERNMENTS

Documented three key areas behind Idaho’s growth.

supervision and diversion programs were not reducing recidivism;

the prison population was composed primarily of community supervised offenders who had revoked, people sentenced to a “Rider,” and offenders who were parole eligible but had not been released; and

the state lacked a system to track outcomes, measure quality and assure the reliability of recidivism-reduction strategies.

RECOMMENDED STRATEGIES

Enhance supervision practices and programs;

Tailoring parole sanctions and parole decision making

Assessing and tracking recidivism-reduction strategies.

Strengthen Supervision

Track Effectiveness

Prison Beds for High

Risk

ENHANCING SUPERVISION PRACTICES

Respond to

supervision

violations with

swiftness and

certainty

Violation matrix

ENHANCING SUPERVISION PRACTICES

Train PPO’s in evidence-based

strategies to change offender

behavior.

Motivational interviewing and LSI

Goal of 50 moderate and high

risk offenders per caseload.

Limited supervision unit

community-based evidence based

treatment and programming

Improve the management of victim

restitution

50.6%

44.7%

40.0

42.0

44.0

46.0

48.0

50.0

52.0

2014 2015

Year

Chart 3. Percent of PPO caseloads with over 50 moderate to high

risk offenders: 2014 -2015

WEB BASED OFFENDER REPORTING (WBOR)

• Key tool for Limited Supervision Unit

LIMITED SUPERVISION UNIT (LSU)

406442

804

1,037

1,384

1,592

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1,400

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1,800

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load

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Many more could be added based on low-risk criteria. Expected to increase to

over 3,000.

TAILORING PAROLE SANCTIONS

Tailor confinement responses for probation and parole

violations

Provide judges with recidivism outcome data for various

sentencing options

Use risk-assessment to inform the parole decision-making

process

Reserve prison space for individuals convicted of violent

offenses by regulating the percent of time above minimum

sentence that people convicted of non-violent offenses may

serve

TAILORING PAROLE SANCTIONS

90/180 DAY SANCTIONS

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150

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Chart 4. 90 and 180 day parole sanctions: 2015

90 day 180 day

A first time technical violation results in a sanction

of up to 90 days and a second technical violation

results in a sanction of up to 180 days.

The 90/180 day sanction should only be applied to

violations that do not include a new felony or

violent misdemeanor.

Use of the 90/180 day sanctions began in

September, 2015, and have gradually increased each

month.

Revision to the statute had to be made concerning

what a “technical violation” constitutes.

TAILORING PAROLE SANCTIONS PAROLE

GUIDELINE SCORING

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180

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Commission is granting at 75% and conforms to the guidelines 64% of the time.

Score based on highest of

three possible risk assessments

(LSI-R, VRAG or Static-99)

Violent Disciplinary actions

Completed programming

RESERVE PRISON SPACE FOR VIOLENT OFFENDERS

PROPERTY AND DRUG FIRST TIME PAROLE RELEASES

PRIOR TO 150% OF FIXED

The majority (between 67% and 83%) of first time parole releases for property and drug

crimes are prior to 150% of the fixed portion of the sentence.

55%

60%

65%

70%

75%

80%

85%

90%

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Sep-1

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Timely Release Linear (Timely Release)

TRACKING RECIDIVISM REDUCTION

Establish an oversight committee to measure and assess policy impacts

Require that risk and needs assessments be routinely reviewed for quality

Increase the capacity of state agencies to collect and analyze data in order to reduce inefficiencies and cut costs

Evaluate the quality of programs and use results to improve outcomes

IMPLEMENTATION

Phase I – data gathering

Phase II – implementation

Agencies under change

Communication is critical

Knowing the change is for the greater good kept

employee morale up

TRACKING SPREADSHEET

Monthly counts of total population for both community and

incarcerated (including parole violators, termers and riders),

Admissions and releases,

Limited supervision unit,

Early discharges,

graduated sanctions,

150% releases,

Problem solving court,

PPO caseloads,

Restitution

POPULATION TRENDS: INCARCERATED POPULATION

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Parole Violator

Rider

Term

• Population is 360 below the 3 year monthly average.

POPULATION TRENDS: COMMUNITY SUPERVISED

POPULATION

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6,000

8,000

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14,000

16,000

Jul-12

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LSU Parole

LSU Probation

Parole

Probation

• Population is up 1,366 from three year monthly average.

ASSESSING AND TRACKING CHANGE:

REPORTING REQUIREMENTS

SB 1357 changed IDOC reporting requirements

Program Evaluation Report (bi-annually)

Community Gap Analysis (annually)

Timely Release Report (annually)

JRI Impact Report (annually)

Recidivism Rates for PSI by Risk Level

https://www.idoc.idaho.gov/content/about_us/research_statisti

cs

JUSTICE PROGRAM ASSESSMENT

Discontinue Therapeutic Communities.

From 12 to 5 programs

Cincinnati Substance Abuse Program.

Sex offender program.

Thinking for a Change.

Anger Replacement Training.

Advance Skills Practice.

REPORTS

PROGRAM EVALUATION REPORT

Describes state funded recidivism reduction programs and includes an evaluation of the quality of each program,

the program’s likelihood to reduce recidivism among program participants,

plan for program improvements from the Board of Correction.

CSG provided the Justice Program Assessment (JPA) to help with this process.

REPORTS

ANNUAL COMMUNITY GAP ANALYSIS

Joint report between Health and Welfare and IDOC

Describes:

1) criminogenic needs of active population of probationers

and parolees

2) Current funding available to deliver effective, evidence-

based programming to address those needs

3) gap in funding to meet the needs of all moderate and

high-risk probationers and parolees.

.

COMMUNITY GAP ANALYSIS

Outsourced to Western Findings:

• 50.2% of community supervised population is moderate to high risk to

recidivate, with LSI-R score of 24 or above.

• 99.0% (or 9,258) of moderate to high risk offenders may need

criminal thinking programming.

• 78.6% (or 7,281) may need substance use treatment

• Between 50% to 65% of offenders with moderate/high mental health

distress may need treatment but are not receiving it.

• Gap of $15,225,837 for substance abuse and mental health treatment

exists

REPORTS

ANNUAL TIMELY RELEASE REPORT

Joint report between IDOC and Idaho Commission of Pardons and Parole

Describes percentage of people sentenced to a term in prison for property or drug offense convictions who are released before serving one hundred and fifty percent of the fixed portion of the sentence and documents the most common reasons for delayed release.

70.6% (794 offenders) released prior to 150% of fixed.

40.8% (135 offenders) were parole eligible upon arrival or parole eligible within six months.

30.0% (98 offenders) were delayed from entry into programming, program refusal, or program failure.

16.6% (55 offenders) were previously denied parole due to risk of re-offense, prior criminal history, or institutional behavior.

REPORTS

ANNUAL JRI IMPACT REPORT

Describes the amount of savings generated

and prison population impact under the

policy framework of SB1357.

IDAHO’S PROJECTED PRISON

POPULATION OUTCOMES

7,871 Actual Population as of Dec. 31, 2015

8,237

8,724

9,408

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Actual

JRI (CSG) Projection

Original IDOC Projection

3.5% drop in prison

population compared to

baseline of 8,160

Averted savings of

$14,937,959 from JRI

projection and

$16,119,864 from IDOC

projection based on bed

savings of $59.91 per

day over 1.5 years.

COST AVOIDANCE BASED ON LSU

Average (2014-2015) Costs

Ave total on probation/parole 14,099 $ 33,348,365 Ave. without LSU 13,349 - $ 31,574,390

Amount not spent 750 =$1,773,975Budget for LSU for 1.5 years -$168.674

Costs Avoided $1,605,301

The regular PPO budget per offender

managed is about $4.34 per day, compared to

an average of about $.41 per day over the

past year and a half for the LSU caseload.

The estimated costs avoided from having an

average of 750 offenders managed on the LSU

caseload rather than on a regular PPO

caseload is approximately $1,605,301 over

the past year and a half.

Without the LSU caseload, the average caseload size would grow from 69 to 80 per

PPO.

The costs include salary for full time positions and other

miscellaneous expenses.

JRI PC AGENCY IMPACT

Temporary reduction in revocation hearings by

Commission

Releases to parole have doubled since last year

Improvement in quality of Commission data

RECIDIVISM RATE BY LSI AND SENTENCE TYPE

Provide judges with recidivism outcome

data for various sentencing options.

The risk to recidivate is greatest for

offenders with high LSI scores. Nearly

three quarters (71.3%) of offenders

sentenced directly to term with LSI

scores greater than 30 recidivated

within three years of release from

prison.

68.350.7

71.3

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Probationer Probationerfrom Rider

Directly toTerm

Chart 5. Recidivism Rate by LSI and Sentence Type

Low (0-15) Moderate (16-30) High (31+)

BUDGET HIGHLIGHTS

Net current year General Fund Rescission of

$1,260,100! (Next year is looking good too)

Closed Unit 24: temporary beds that should

not have been used long term

Brought back inmates from other states