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ICUKL-2002, 25-28 Nov, Goa, India
Universal Word and UNL Knowledge Base
Meiying Zhu
Hiroshi Uchida
UNL Center
UNDL Foundation
ICUKL-2002, 25-28 Nov, Goa, India
Issues
• What is a UW?
• What is the relation between UWs and the UNL Knowledge Base (KB)?
• How to define a UW?
ICUKL-2002, 25-28 Nov, Goa, India
What is a UW?• Vocabulary of UNL
• Labels for concepts‘dance(icl>action)’ : (a social) dance
‘dance(agt>volitional thing)’ : to dance
• Semantic-syntactic units of UNL expressions
“I danced yesterday”agt(dance(agt>volitional thing).@entry.@past, I)
tim(dance(agt>volitional thing).@entry.@past, yesterday)
ICUKL-2002, 25-28 Nov, Goa, India
What concepts UWs can express?
• Since UWs are made up based on English words,
1. How to deal with a concept not found in English?
2. How to deal with a concept different from English? How to deal with the difference between concepts?
ICUKL-2002, 25-28 Nov, Goa, India
Concepts and English Words
C E
C=E
EC
C EC ?
(2) (4)
(3) (5)
(1)
ICUKL-2002, 25-28 Nov, Goa, India
Concepts and English Words
C=E
EC
C ?
C E
C E
The English word has no ambiguity
‘thing’, ‘scientist’,
‘beautiful’
The English word needs to be disambiguated
‘dance(icl>action)’
‘dance(agt>volitional thing)’
A non-English word: Extra UW
「畳」 tatami (a particular mat made of grass and used to floor a Japanese-style room)
A collection of different concepts
「話す」 hanasu corresponds to: talk, chat, tell, speak, mention, state, narrate
A phrase: E + additional words
「上下」 jouge corresponds to: the top and bottom, the upper and lower parts, high and low
ICUKL-2002, 25-28 Nov, Goa, India
Collection of Concepts
E5
E4
E2E1
E3
ICUKL-2002, 25-28 Nov, Goa, India
Hierarchy of Concepts
C1
C2
C3
C
ICUKL-2002, 25-28 Nov, Goa, India
• To define a concept is to link the UW for the concept to related UWs in the UNL KB
• If necessary, specialize the UW
ICUKL-2002, 25-28 Nov, Goa, India
Relation betweenUWsand
UNL KB
• UNL KB define the concepts of UWs
• UWs construct the UNL KB
ICUKL-2002, 25-28 Nov, Goa, India
What is the UNL KB?
• The UNL KB is a semantic network comprising every directed binary relation holding between UWs.
• All binary relations of the UNL KB are under the following format:
relation(UW1, UW2)= 0 ~ 255;
ICUKL-2002, 25-28 Nov, Goa, India
UW SYSTEM OF THE UNL KBuw
adjective concept adverbial concept nominal concept verbal concept
uw(aoj>thing) uw(mod<thing) how part(pof>thing) thing be do occur
abstract thing concrete thing functional thing place volitional thing
do(agt>thing) do(agt>thing,gol>thing) do(agt>thing,gol>thing,obj>thing) do(agt>thing,…)
ICUKL-2002, 25-28 Nov, Goa, India
Features of the UW SYSTEM
• Property Inheritance
Lower UWs inherit the properties of upper UWs
• Replacement
Upper UWs can replace lower UWs in the specific context of the lower UWs
ICUKL-2002, 25-28 Nov, Goa, India
Frame of Master Definition
<HEADWORD> ( icl> <UW>, iof> <UW>, equ> <UW>, agt> <UW>, and> <UW>, aoj> <UW>, bas> <UW>, ben> <UW>, … via> <UW>)
Link to at least one upper UW
Describe relations specific to the UW
ICUKL-2002, 25-28 Nov, Goa, India
Roles of Master Definition
UW1 MD1La
UW2 MD2Lb
UW3 MD3Lc
UW1
UW3UW2
1. Define the concept
2. Define the label for the concept
3. Build up the UNL KB
ICUKL-2002, 25-28 Nov, Goa, India
do{(agt>thing,and>do,ben>thing,cag>thing,cob>thing,con>thing, coo>thing,cnt>do,dur>thing,gol>thing,ins>concrete thing, man>how,met>abstract thing,obj>thing,plc>place>thing, plf>thing,plt>thing,ptn>thing,pur>thing,rsn>thing,scn>thing, seq>do,src>thing,tim>time,tmf>time,tmt>time,via>thing, icl>verbal concept)}
do(agt>thing{,^gol>thing,icl>do,^obj>thing,^ptn>thing,^src>thing})
do(agt>volitional thing{,icl>do(agt>thing)})
act({icl>do(}agt>volitional thing{)})
breathe({icl>do(}agt>volitional thing{)})
dance({icl>do(}agt>volitional thing{)})
…
ICUKL-2002, 25-28 Nov, Goa, India
More information is available at
URL: www.unlc.undl.org
