ICTL Computer System 3

8/7/2019 ICTL Computer System 3

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Self Access Learning Module

Computer HardwareSystem Unit

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ICTL For Secondary School - Computer Hardware Module

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MODULE 3

SYSTEM UNIT

Curriculum Development CentreMinistry of Education Malaysia


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1. Name of Module : System Unit

2. Learning Outcomes:The students should be able to:

identify the components of a system unit

state the functions of the main components of a system unit

state the functions of cpu, ram, rom and expansions slots found

on the motherboard

3. Knowledge and Skills:

main components in the computer system

4. Module Summary: At the end of the module, a student is able to :

identify main components of system unit and motherboard

state the functions of main components of system unit

state the functions of CPU, RAM, ROM and expansion slot

This module contains 2 activities:

Activity 1 : Identify the components of a system unit

Activity 2 : Identify the components of a motherboard

As you are doing this module, use the computer in the lab to identify the components in thesystem unit.


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Notes: What is system unit?

Box-like case that contains computers electronic components Sometimes called the chassis

Figure 1 Examples of System Unit


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Activity 1 : Identify the components of a system unit

Inside view of system unit

Figure 2 Inside view of System Unit


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Front layer of a system unit

DVD-ROM drive

CD-ROM/CD-RW drive

Zip drive

Floppy disk drive

Empty drive bay

Power button

Reset button

Figure 3 Front View of a System Unit


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Input/Output port (I/O port)

keyboard

USBUSB

mouse

telephonelinein

game port

monitor

svideo out

network

cable TV

speaker

serial port

microphone

telephoneline out

FM reception

printer (parallelort

Power port

Figure 4 Back View of a System Unit


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Functions of the main components of a system unit

No. Components Functions1. Input/Output port

(I/O port)A port is the point at which a peripheral attaches to a system unitso that the peripheral can send data to or receive information from

the computer.

An external device, such as a keyboard, monitor, printer, mouseand microphone is often attached by a cable to a port on thesystem unit.

The back of the system unit contains so many ports. Some newerpersonal computers also have ports on the front of the system unit.

Ports have different types of connectors. A connector joins a cableto a peripheral. One end of a cable attaches to the connector onthe system unit and the other end of the cable attaches to a

connector on the peripheral.

2. Power button To start on computer

3. Reset button Kick of soft boot, instructing the computer to go through theprocess of shutting down, which would clear memory and resetdevices to their initialized state. It simply removes powerimmediately.

4. Motherboard Main circuit board of the system unit, which has some electroniccomponents attached to it and others built into it.

5. Power Supply Convert standard electrical power into the form that computer canuse. If a power supply is not providing the necessary power, thecomputer will not function properly.

6. DVD-ROM drive A device that reads DVD-ROM, also can read audio CDs, CD-ROMSs, CD-Rs and CD-RWs.

7. CD-ROM drive A device that reads audio CDs, CD-ROMs, CD-Rs and CD-RWs.

8. DVD/CD-RWdrive

It is a combination drive that reads DVD and CD media, it alsowrites to CD-RW media. This drive also allows watching a DVD orburn a CD.

9. Zip drive A high-capacity disk drive that reads from and writes on a Zip disk.

10. Floppy drive A device that reads from and writes on a floppy disk

11. Hard disk drive Type of storage device that contains one or more inflexible, circularplatters that store data, instructions and information. Also called ahard disk.


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Activity 2 : Identify the components of a motherboard

Expansionslots

for RAM

Figure 5: Layout of a motherboard


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Functions of the components of the motherboard

No. Components Functions

1.CentralProcessingUnit (CPU)

A Central Processing Unit or CPU is a microprocessor (or processorfor short). It is an integrated circuit chip that is capable of processingelectronic signals. The CPU is the most important element in acomputer system.

A CPU interprets instructions given by the software and carries outthose instructions by processing data and controlling the rest of thecomputers components.

2.Random

AccessMemory(RAM)

RAM is installed inside computers. RAM is also known as a

working memory.The data in RAM can be read (retrieved) or written (stored).RAM is volatile which means the programs and data in RAMare lost when the computer is powered off.A computer uses RAM to hold temporary instructions and dataneeded to complete tasks. This enables the computer's CPU(Central Processing Unit) to access instructions and datastored in the memory very quickly.RAM stores data during and after processing.

3.Read Only

Memory(ROM)

ROM is another type of memory permanently stored inside the

computer.ROM is non-volatile. It holds the programs and data when thecomputer is powered off.Programs in ROM have been pre-recorded. It can only bestored by the manufacturer; once it is done, it cannot bechanged.Many complex functions, such as start up operatinginstructions, translators for high-level languages and operatingsystems are placed in ROM memory.All the contents in ROM can be accessed and read but cannotbe changed.

4.ExpansionSlots

Expansion slots are the sockets where the circuit boards or theadapter cards can be inserted into the motherboard. It is a place to fitan expansion card containing the circuitry that provides somespecialised capability, such as video acceleration, sound or disk drivecontrol.


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Appendix 1


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Worksheet 1

Label the system unit below with the words given.

ExpansionCards

Power Supply Zip Drive Hard Disk Drive Floppy Drive

RAM Mother Board CD/DVD Drive ExpansionSlots

CPU Chip


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Worksheet 2

Look at the diagram carefully and match them to the name of the ports in the table given usingnumbers.

No

Label of the ports

1Power port

USB port

VGA port (Monitor display)

Serial port (Modem)

PS2 port (Mouse)

Game port (Joystick)

Audio ports (speaker, headphoneand microphone)

Parallel port (printer port)

PS2 port (keyboard)


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Worksheet 3

Names the component parts of the motherboard.


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Worksheet 4

Mark T for True and F for False

1. The processor (CPU) interprets and carries out the basic instructions thatoperate a computer.

2. Computers can use only one processor at a time.

3. ROM is the main circuit board of the system unit.

4. Expansion slot is a socket on the motherboard that can hold an adapter card.

5. RAM is non-volatile

6. The most important chip on the main circuit board is the microprocessor chip.

7. I/O port is the point at which a peripheral attaches to a system unit so that theperipheral can send data to or receive information from the computer.

8. Reset button is to start on computer.

9. A device that reads from and writes on a floppy disk is called hard disk drives.

10. Power supply convert standard electrical power into the form that computercan use.


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Worksheet 5

Fill in the blank with the correct name of components and functions.

No. Components Functions1. Input/Output port

(I/O port)

2.To start on computer

3.Reset button

4.Main circuit board of the system unit, which has some electronic

components attached to it and others built into it.

5.Convert standard electrical power into the form that computer canuse.

6.DVD-ROM drive

7.CD-ROM drive

8.This drive also allows watching a DVD or burn a CD.

9.A high-capacity disk drive that reads from and writes on a Zip disk.

10.Floppy drive

11.Type of storage device that contains one or more inflexible, circularplatters that store data, instructions and information.


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Worksheet 6

Find the differences between primary storage RAM and ROM

RAM ROM


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Reference

Cashman, S. (2006) Discovering Computers 2006. USA : Thomson Course Technology.

Ibrahim Ahmad, Mohd Hafiz et al (2007) Information and Communication Technology (ICT)Based on SPM Syllabus. Selangor: Venton Publishing (M) Sdn Bhd.

NCC Education (2002) Computer Studies, Computer Ace. Sri Lanka : Computer Pioneers.

IBasic Computing (2003) by TMEdu Tech (M) Sdn Bhd

http://www.wikipedia.org

http://images.search.yahoo.com

http://www.google.com.my

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ICTL Computer System 3