ICT Initiatives and Disaster Management

in Myanmar

The Republic of the Union of Myanmar

Nwe Ni Soe Yin Deputy Chief Engineer MCIT, Myanmar.

14-15 May 2015 Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

Ministry of Communications and Information Technology

1

Contents

1. A Glance into Myanmar

2. Current Status of ICT Infrastructure

3. National ICT Policies

4. Disaster Management Activities

2

Geography

A Glance into Myanmar

Nay Pyi Taw, the new capital

• largest on the mainland in South-East Asia

• total land area: 676,577 square kilometer

• International borders:5,858 Kilometer

(Bangladesh, India, China, Thailand and Laos)

• total coastal line length:2,832 kilometer.

3

Topography

• 50% of mountains and forests ( mostly in northern and eastern)

• plains region ( middle )

• delta and valley regions ( southern )

A Glance into Myanmar

4

• Population: 51 million

• Ethnic groups 135

• States & Divisions: 14

• Capital: Nay Pyi Taw

• Urban, rural ratio: 30:70

• Economy: Agriculture based

• Languages : Myanmar

• Currency: Kyats

• Climate : tropical (monsoon, cool, hot)

General Information

5

ICT Infrastructure

Tele-Density ~ 45 % (mobile 44% , fixed 1%)

National Transmission: Fiber Link (4400km)

Digital Microwave Link (349 Stations)

Overseas Communications: Cross Border Link ( India , china ,Thailand

and Lao)

Satellite Communication,

Sea-Me-We(3) Submarine Cable

Last Mile Link: Dedicated Link, Wireless Broad Band Access,

MPT Satellite Terminal 6

7

Mobile phone area coverage map

National Transmission

Backbone Network

Fiber link (4400km)

Microwave Stations

SEA.ME.WE 3

to Thailand

to Thailand

to India to China

to Lao/ Vietnam to Bangladesh

8

Nay Pyi Taw

Mandalay

PoP

ISP

Yangon

Cross border Fiber Link

Sea-Me-We 3 Submarine Cable

Global Internet

Internet subscriber ~ 17.7 Millions

9

Internet Service

Internet Backbone Capacity ~ 42.32 GB 9

Current Status & Issues of e-Government

• Government encouragement

• Initiatives for Informatization

• Strong leadership from government

• Leap- frog opportunities

• Inadequate IT Infrastructure and Internet Access

• Rare Online Public Services

• Lack of supporting program for Informatization

• Absence of System Integration

• Lack of end user Utilization and Awareness

10 10

Myanmar ICT Policies

1. Myanmar ICT Development Master Plan (2005)

2. 2nd Myanmar ICT Development Master Plan (2011)

( ICT Infrastructure , ICT industry, ICT HRD, e-Government, e-Commerce,

e-Education, ICT Legal Framework, ICT Standardization and Liberalization )

3. E-Government Master Plan (2015)

11

Directive on ICT Development and Utilization

• To widely and effectively use of ICT in every sectors as an essential

factor for socio- economic development.

• To develop the national telecommunication network for high speed

communication, good quality and cost effective, and increase access

to internet country wide.

• To promote competition in ICT networks and services, broaden and

enhance international cooperation.

• To create favorable conditions for the development and use of ICT

through the national telecommunication network infrastructure.

• To develop human resource in the field of ICT as key factor for the

successful implementation of ICT`

12

Disaster Management Activities

13

(Fire) 73%

(Storm) 12%

(Flood) 11 %

(Earthquake)

(Tsunami)

(Landslide)

(Drought)

Hazards Profile of Myanmar

4 %

14

Fire All Round the country

Flood Annual flood occur in

Kayin , Bago , Mandalay,

and Ayaeyarwaddy

Region.

(Especially townships and

villages which are situated

along the rivers banks of

Ayaryarwaddy, Sittaung,

Thanlwin, Madauk and Shwe

Kyin. )

Potential Hazards and Prone Areas in Myanmar

15

Cyclone, Tsunami : Costal areas -Thanintharyi region, - Mon State, - Rakhine State, - Yangon Region - AyeyarWaddy Region

Potential Hazards and Prone Areas in Myanmar

16

Thanintharyi

Mon

Rakhine

Yangon AyeyarWaddy

Earthquake: around the country

- Nay Pyi Taw,

- Bago,

- Sagaing and

- Mandalay Regions

- Shan State are prone areas.

Potential Hazards and Prone Areas in Myanmar

17

Drought: Central Myanmar

- Sagaing

- Magwe and

- Mandalay regions

Potential Hazards and Prone Areas in Myanmar

18

19

Landslide Hilly Region

- Kachin,

- Chin,

- Shan and

- Rakhine States and

- Thanintharyi Region

Potential Hazards and Prone Areas in Myanmar

19

No. Date Hazard Estimate Lost (Kyats)

1 26-12-2004 Tsunami (1585.56) Million

2 2/3-5-2008 Cyclone Nargis (11.7)Trillion

3 22-10-2010 Cyclone Giri (0.024)Trillion

4 24-3-2011 Tarlay Earthquake (3031.30)Million

5 19/20-10-2011 Magwe Flash Flood (15465.25)Million

6 11-11-2012 Tapaikkyin Earthquake (8140.12)Million

Major hazards in Myanmar

20

Institutional Arrangement for Disaster Management

21

Objective :

• to take the systematic preparedness measures for the disasters

which can occur from time to time in the country

• to undertake the quick and effective activities on relief and

support during the disaster.

National Disaster Preparedness Central Committee(NDPCC) And

National Disaster Preparedness Management working Committee

22

National Disaster Preparedness Central Committee (2013) Chairman : Vice President

National Disaster Preparedness Management working Committee Chairman : Minister, MOSWRR

Sub-Committee Chairman

1 Information Dy Minister, Information

2 Emergency Communication Dy Minister, Communication and Technology

3 Search & Rescue Dy Minister, Home Affairs

4 Initial assessment &Emergency Supply Dy Minister, Commerce

5 Damage and loss confirmation Dy Minister, National Planning and Economic Development

6 Transport and Route Clearance Dy Minister, Rail Transport

7 Mitigation & Establishing of Emergency Shelter Dy Minister, MOSWRR

8 Health care Dy Minister, Health

9 Rehabilitation & Reconstruction Dy Minister, Border Affairs

10 International Relations Dy Minister, Foreign Affairs

11 Security Dy Minister, Home Affairs 23

Coordination, Cooperation and Communication System For DRM

National Disaster Preparedness Central Committee

Ministry of Social Welfare, Relief and Resettlement

International Organization

Ministries

ACDM

Private Organization

Concerned Department

State/Regional Government

Relief and Resettlement Department Intelligentsia

LNGOs

UN/INGOs

AHA Centre

24

National Disaster Management

25

• to support the implementation of disaster management interventions

• to serve as a legal instrument in support of taking necessary actions

• to make strategic decision in order to reduce the negative effects of

natural disasters,

“ The National Disaster Management Law “ was promulgated on 31

June,2013 .

• The process will undertake to issue the regulations, to cover all

aspects of disaster management from preparedness to mitigation to

response to resilient.

1. National Disaster Management Law

26

2. Emergency Operation Center(EOC-RRD)

27

In case of Emergency Situation,

• to provide the comprehensive solution to the decision makers by

collecting necessary data and information for effective response.

• To supports for emergency management, response and logistic

through information sharing on network and quick decision

making.

In normal time,

• EOC runs for disaster preparedness, information management

and coordination for disaster risk reduction.

28

A program will be developed to lay down capacity building activities that will include conducting trainings, study visits to neighboring countries and their involvement as resource persons in disaster management trainings

Disaster Management Training Center is under the deployment and appropriate to open within 2015, aims to conduct processes, learning kits and trainings for developing relief and emergency response plans.

3. Establishment of Disaster Management Training Center

29

Goals: ‘To make Myanmar Safer and more Resilient against Natural Hazards, thus Protecting Lives, Livelihood and Developmental Gains’

4. Myanmar Action Plan on Disaster Risk Reduction [MAPDRR]

30

1. To build a more resilient and safer community through conceptualization, development and implementation of appropriate disaster risk reduction programs and culture of safety;

2. To provide a framework for implementing Myanmar’s DRR commitments at the global and regional levels, under HFA and AADMER;

3. To provide a mechanism where the disaster risk reduction initiatives of all Government Ministries and Departments, supported by UN organizations and other stakeholders, can be coordinated and monitored;

4. To provide a conducive environment for mainstreaming DRR into development plans, and programs at the National, State, Division, Township, and Village Tract levels;

5. To support mutually beneficial partnerships between the Myanmar Government and their development cooperation partners in DRR programs.

Objectives:

4. Myanmar Action Plan on Disaster Risk Reduction [MAPDRR]

Overview of Components:

4. Myanmar Action Plan on Disaster Risk Reduction [MAPDRR]

31

32

To widely and effectively use of ICT in National Disaster Resilient as an essential factor to build “save and resilient nation through preventive measures to save the lives and properties” .

However, ICT and e-Government in Myanmar are several steps behind most developed countries, and also lagging behind neighbouring South-East Asia countries.

In order to accomplish effective transition to reach desire level of e-Government, It is crucial to simplify delivery of electronic services to citizens.

It is also important to implement the MAPDRR in comprehensive and systematic manner by all stakeholders under the leadership of the Government of Myanmar “To make Myanmar Safer and more Resilient against Natural Hazards ”

Way Forward

Thank you !

33