ICT - Information and Communication Technologies€¦ · ICT - Information and Communication Technologies Project Acronym: MAZI Project Full Title: A DIY networking toolkit for location-based

ICT-InformationandCommunicationTechnologies

ProjectAcronym: MAZI

ProjectFullTitle: ADIYnetworkingtoolkitforlocation-basedcollectiveawarenessGrantAgreement: 687983

ProjectDuration: 36months(Jan.2016-Dec.2018)

D3.5Aninterdisciplinaryframeworkforcomparisonsandcross-fertilizationstrategiesofMAZIpilots(version1)

DeliverableStatus: DraftFileName: MAZI_D3.5_final.pdfDueDate: 30June2016(M6)SubmissionDate: 30June2016(M6)DisseminationLevel: PublicTaskLeader: AndreasUnteidig(UdK)Author: AndreasUnteidig(UdK) PanayotisAntoniadis(NetHood) IleanaApostol(NetHood) MarkGaved(OU) GarethDavies(OU) HarrisNiavis(UTH) StavroulaMaglavera(UTH) JamesStevens(SPC) ElizabethCalderon-Lünig(CG) AnnaHeilgemeir(CG)

MAZI! GrantAgreement687983

D3.5Aninterdisciplinaryframeworkforcomparisonsandcross-fertilizationstrategiesofMAZIpilots(v1)! June2016

H2020!ResearchandInnovationproject

H2020-ICT-2015-10!CollectiveAwarenessPlatformsforSustainabilityandSocialInnovation!

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Copyright

©Copyright2016-2018TheMAZIConsortium

Consistingof:

OrganisationName ShortName Country

UniversityofThessaly UTH Greece

NETHOOD NH Switzerland

EdinburgNapierUniversity NU UnitedKingdom

UniversitatderKunsteBerlin UdK Germany

TheOpenUniversity OU UnitedKingdom

SlacktivistLimited SPC UnitedKingdom

INURAZurichInstitute INURA Switzerland

CommonGrounds CG Germany

UnMonastery UM UnitedKingdom

Disclaimer

All intellectual property rights are owned by the MAZI consortium members and are protected by the applicable laws. Except where

otherwisespecified,alldocumentcontentsare:“©MAZIProject-Allrightsreserved”.Reproductionisnotauthorisedwithoutpriorwritten

agreement.

AllMAZIconsortiummembershaveagreedtofullpublicationofthisdocument.Thecommercialuseofany informationcontainedinthis

documentmayrequirealicensefromtheownerofthatinformation.

AllMAZI consortiummembersarealso committed topublishaccurateandup todate informationand take thegreatest care todo so.

However,theMAZIconsortiummemberscannotacceptliabilityforanyinaccuraciesoromissionsnordotheyacceptliabilityforanydirect,

indirect,special,consequentialorotherlossesordamagesofanykindarisingoutoftheuseofthisinformation.





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History

Version Author Date Status

1.0 AndreasUnteidig June27th,2016 InitialDraft

2.0 AndreasUnteidig June30th,2016 Draft

FF StavroulaMaglavera June30th,2016 FinalDraftreviewed

3.0 AndreasUnteidig June30th,2016 FinalDraft





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Executivesummary

The objective of this deliverable is to outline the first draft of a framework that allows and supports theinterdisciplinarycomparisonofthedifferentMAZIpilotstowardsthegenerationofknowledgeapplicableinthedevelopmentoftheMAZItoolkitastheconcreteoutcomeoftheproject.

Toachievethis,wefirstelaborateonthebackgroundofthistask,namelytheinterrelationshipsofofconceptsof inter- and transdisciplinarity. Through this we develop the argument for an approach that is decisivelyiterative,problem-orientedandpractice-focussed.Buildingonthis,weoutlinethepurposeofthisframeworkasaninstrumentforinterdisciplinarycomparisonandlearning,andreflectitthroughofthemainconceptsofcomparingasasociologicalproject.

Onthesegrounds,wefurtherdescribethedifferentelementsandstructuresthatweintendtoapply,questionandrefineduringthecourseoftheproject.Inthisearlystageofthepilots,itishoweverimportanttostretchthe provisory character of the strategies outlined in this deliverable, as the intent is to adapt the learningframeworkaccordingtothelearningprocessesevolvingovertime.

InthisfirstversionoftheDeliverable3.5,weintroduceasthemainelementoftheframeworkacatalogueofquestionstobeansweredinaperiodof3monthsfromeachofthepilots.Thisquestionnaireisstructuredinanalogy to the projects‘ objectives as described in the DoW, and will serve as the basis for structuredcomparison of the pilots during the cross-fertilization events – the first one to be conducted after thesubmissionofthisdocument.





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TableofContentsHISTORY............................................................................................................................................................ 3EXECUTIVESUMMARY.................................................................................................................................. 4TABLEOFCONTENTS.................................................................................................................................... 51. INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................................................... 61.1 FROMINTERDISCIPLINARITYTOTRANSDISCIPLINARITY.................................................................................. 61.2 PURPOSEOFTHEFRAMEWORK ............................................................................................................................. 71.3 THECOMPARATIVEMETHOD ................................................................................................................................. 9

2. THEMAZIFRAMEWORK....................................................................................................................122.1 THEFRAMEWORK................................................................................................................................................. 122.2 AFRAMEWORKFORPROCESSUALCOMPARISON ............................................................................................. 132.3 CROSS-FERTILIZATIONEVENTS.......................................................................................................................... 142.4 USINGTHEFRAMEWORK ..................................................................................................................................... 15

3. APPLICATIONOFTHEFRAMEWORK/INITIALQUESTIONNAIRE ........................................163.1 INITIALPILOTDESCRIPTIONS ............................................................................................................................. 163.2 UDKBERLIN/COMMONGROUNDS.................................................................................................................... 163.3 OPENUNIVERSITY/SPC ...................................................................................................................................... 173.4 NETHOOD/INURA............................................................................................................................................... 183.5 EDINBURGHNAPIERUNIVERSITY/UNMONASTERY....................................................................................... 193.6 FIRSTREPORTSONDEVELOPMENTSWITHINREPORTINGPERIOD .............................................................. 20

4. DISCUSSION............................................................................................................................................344.1 CONCLUSIONS ........................................................................................................................................................ 344.2 NEXTSTEPS ........................................................................................................................................................... 35

REFERENCES ..................................................................................................................................................36





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1. Introduction

Thisreportrepresentsthefirstof threereportsthroughouttheMAZIprojectthatwillpropose,develop,andreflectuponaninterdisciplinaryframeworkforcomparisonsandcross-fertilizationstrategiesoftheMAZIpilotstudies.Asthefirstreport,wefocushereonprovidingbackgroundandlayingoutourinitialideasthatwillbetestedasthepilotsdevelopedandthenreconsidered inthe lightofthe initialpilotstudyresearchandMAZIpartnerinteractionsaroundthedomainofDIYnetworking,approachedbypartnersfromdifferentdisciplines.

The report will first outline the importance of the framework in carrying out our research as a highlyinterdisciplinary consortium. It will then highlight some examples of frameworks in order to providebackground information leading to the development of our own framework, which will be explained andillustratedinthefollowing.Furthermore,thisreportcontainstheinitialapplicationoftheframeworkinordertoprovidethebasicgroundsforcarryingoutthepilotsaswellastheindicationoffuturepossibilitiesfortheframeworktoevolve.

1.1 Frominterdisciplinaritytotransdisciplinarity

There have been numerous efforts to analyse the differences between the various *-disciplinarity researchparadigms, not always in full agreement. Perhaps the simplest way to express their main characteristics,overlapping at times, is through a few keywords as suggested by Klein in the “Oxford Handbook onInterdisciplinarity (Frodeman et al, 2012, p.16). More specifically, multidisciplinarity is characterized by“juxtaposing, sequencing, coordinating”, interdisciplinarity by “integrating, interacting, linking, focusing,blending”,andtransdisciplinarityby“transcending,transgressing,transforming”.

The first relatedeventsandgatheringsattendedbyprojectpartners thateventually led to theMAZIprojectwereclearly“interdisciplinary”innature,sinceourexplicitapproachwastotrytobridgethe'twocultures'ofscience–--ontheonesidetheworldofthearts,humanities,andinterpretivesocialsciences,andontheotherside,theworldofscienceandtechnology(Snow1959)---usingtheconceptofDIYnetworkingandhybridspaceasthemediator.OurfirstgatheringatDagstuhlledtonumerouseventsdealingwithsimilartopics(seeD3.2),and its rather “laissez faire”approachproved tobevery successful (Antoniadisetal.2014).Butaswewereprogressingwith our understanding of the design space and succeeding to build somebridges between the“twocultures”, themorewebecameconvincedthatDIYnetworking isatechnologythatcanhaveapositiveimpact in certain cases. This understanding led to theMAZI project and the launching of four pilot studiesengagingpractitionersandactivistsinrealdeploymentsofDIYnetworkingsolutionstowardtheirparticularizedobjectives.Without realizing it,weslowlydrifted froman interdisciplinary teamdiscussingabout linkingandblendingourcomplementarydisciplinarycompetences,toarelativelybigtransdisciplinaryprojectthatfocusesonreal-lifeproblemsrequiringstrongcooperationwithdifferentactorsoutsidetheacademia.

Readingthe“HandbookofTransdisciplinaryresearch”(Hadorn,2008)onerealizesveryquicklyhowmuchmorecomplexandcase-specificistransdisciplinaritycomparedtointerdisciplinaryresearch.“Dealingwithvaluesanduncertainties is one of the core difficulties in transdisciplinary research, practice and related capacitydevelopment. In many cases this turns out to be one of the most important stumbling blocks.” However,“ontological and epistemic foundations of participating disciplines are strongly value-loaded. If these valuedimensions arehiddenor neglected, transdisciplinary collaborationmay turnout to be largely superficial ordriven by power-constellations representing underlying values.” This means that “a laissez-faire type ofleadership, which hopes that the different parts of the work of transdisciplinary teams will grow togetherorganically has not proven successful. Rather, the different parts have the tendency to diverge, makingintegrationatalaterpointintimeevenmoredifficult.Thus,integrationhastobepartoftheprojectfromthestart.However,managementshouldnottaketheoppositepositionandtrytodeterminetheoutcomesintoomuchdetailbecauseprojectsmustbeflexibleandallowforsomedynamicdevelopment”(ibid,p.387).

Toaddressthesechallengeswehavedecidedtofollowaniterativemulti-layerapproachthatallowsa“back-and-forth”between





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1) amorescientific, interdisciplinary,analysisof theoutcomesof thepilots,whichaims toencode theproduced knowledge into specific templates, guidelines and customizationoptions of our boundaryobject,theMAZItoolkit(seeD3.2),and

2) a more problem-oriented, transdisciplinary approach focusing on developing technology that canaddressthelocalneedsandaspirationsofthecommunityinvolvedineachpilot.Especiallyinthefirstyear of the project we will be careful not to alienate any partner and keep an open mind to thedifferent methodologies brought by our academic partners and respecting the problem-orientedmind-setofouractivists,by“deliberatelyusingeveryday languageandavoidingscientific terms”,asrecommendedbyHadornetal(2008,p.415).

1.2 Purposeoftheframework

The discussions about interdisciplinary research as outlined above and elaborated in D3.2 is of centralimportance toMAZI, both because of the disciplinary diversity of the consortium aswell as because of thecentral assumption that DIY networking can only be brought forward by applying a prismatic approach tothinking, conceptualizing, designing, developing and testing respective applicationswithin the different pilotstudies–andultimatelyintheimplementationofthelearningsintotheMAZItoolkit.

Hence, this framework, together with D3.2, describes a learning process, aiming at creating a mutualunderstanding of basic assumptions, world-views and methodologies between researchers from differentdisciplines, promoting mutual respect and a self-reflective attitude toward our own collaboration, being ahighlydiverse consortium inwhicheachandeverypartner comes fromadifferentbackgroundandbringsaunique perspective. It aims at doing so in providing the structure to not only bring together differentperspectives,butalsoforperformingas“ReflectivePractitioners”(Schön1983),aspractitionersthat“descentintotheswamp”(throughreflectingonourongoingprocesseswiththestructureproposedin2.2)inordertofindanddefinetheproblemsweshare–andultimatelywanttosolve–byrigorouslywatchingandquestioningourownpractice(throughcomparingtheoutcomesofapplying2.2andinandbeyondthecontextofthecross-fertilizationevents).

Consequently,theframeworkisseenasaconstantworkinprogressthatprovidesthenecessarystructuretooverlook and coordinate the different pilot studies toward enabling comparison, cross-fertilization, and theextractionofusefulknowledgebeyondtheactivitiesoftheprojectandbeyondspecificdisciplines.Throughthisframework,MAZI will also self-reflect on our own interactions throughout the duration of the project, andcontributetothetheoreticalbodyofliteratureregardinginterdisciplinarypractices(tobecarriedoutinD3.2-3.4)basedonourown“experiments”.

Figure1:Agraphicrepresentationofthemainbuildingblocksofthe interdisciplinary framework that will guide the interactionsbetweentheMAZIpartners.TheMAZItoolkitdescribed indetailin D1.1. will be the concrete outcome of the project, a properboundary object “sitting in the middle” between the different“social worlds” of the project represented by “couples” of eachthe pilot study and completed with our engineers from theUniversityofThessaly.Thecomparativeframeworkdeveloped inD3.5willfacilitatethecomparisonoftheexperiencesbyusingthetoolkitinthedifferentpilotstudiesandD3.2,thisdeliverable,willbe responsible for finding a “common ground” between thedifferent perspectives andmake the required translation to thetoolkit's “language” (i.e., list of functionalities, customizationoptions,templates,guidelines,etc.).





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The relationship of this framework to thewider context ofwork package 3 is as follows:WhereasD3.1willcoverthestateoftheartinhybridspaceresearchwithinthedifferentdisciplinesthataredirectlyorindirectlyshapingtheproject,D3.2-3.4willdescribethevocabularyandmethodologyneededwithregardstousingDIYnetworking as a boundary object across and beyond those different disciplines. While these deliverableselaborate on the generation of relevant knowledgewithin and across disciplinary boarders, this framework(D3.5-3.8)willdescribehowknowledgewillbegeneratedwithintheprojectonaschematic level. Itwill thusinform and provide perspective for the development of methodology, metrics, and related KPI’s to enablecomparativeassessmentofeachpilot,whichwillbecarriedout inD3.8-3.10.3.8will thendefineananalysismethodology, integrating elements of the individual partners’ disciplinary approaches, and will take intoaccount metrics and corresponding KPIs that best suit the strategic goals and detailed objectives to beimplementedineachofthepilots.Indoingso,thistaskstandsinstronginterdependencewiththeexperimentscarried out aswell as the insights generatedwithin them, as it informs these processes asmuch as it getsinformedbythem.

Thisframeworkwillfurthermoredescribeaseriesofcross-fertilizationeventsthatwillensurethatthedesignand evaluation of the different pilotswill allowus to draw somehigh-level conclusions, and that successfulstrategiescanbereplicatedbetweenpilots.Forthis,theframeworktakestwohigh-levelobjectivesoriginallystated in the DoW as starting points for informing the evaluation of the strategic objectives both of theindividualpilotsaswellasofMAZIingeneral:

O.1DevelopaDIYnetworkingtoolkitfortheeasyconstructionanddeploymentofaMAZIzone:

Oneormorewirelessaccesspointshostingawebapplicationasacaptiveportal,includingoptionallyaphysicalcontainerandvisualrepresentationincludinginputandoutputdevices,adatacollectionandanalysisplatform.Thetoolkitdesignanddevelopmentisbasedonthefollowingprinciples:

• RelyonexistingFLOSSsoftware,fromverysimpleapplicationstosophisticateddistributedsolutions,mobilesensingdevices,andrecentdevelopmentsinopendataandopenhardware.

• Adjust existing solutions to take advantageof the special characteristics ofDIY networking, like de-factophysicalproximity,anonymity,andphysicalpresence.

• Makeiteasyandcomprehensivetocombinethedifferentelementsbynon-expertusersaccordingtotheirrespectivecontextsandusecases.

• ProvideawidevarietyofcustomizationoptionsthatallowtheadministratorofaMAZIzone

o to decide on the framing of the proposed application, the wording used, rules andconstraints,visualizationoftheinformationgathered,andmore,

o toconstructanappropriatecontainer(e.g.,abuiltstructureoramobilecart),and/orvisualrepresentationofthelocalnetworks(e.g.,aposter,aballoon,anurbanintervention)

o todecideonthedatacollectionrules(e.g., thepermanenceofthe information,the leveloftransparency,etc.)

• Offerarichsetofrecommendedtemplatesdependingonthecontextandobjectives,whichcanbedynamicallyenrichedandevaluatedbasedontheiractualuseindifferentenvironmentspromoting

o face-to-faceinteractionsandexchanges

o inclusiveparticipationinpublicdiscourses

o localknowledgeandcollectiveawareness

o localactionandsocialcohesion

o sustainablelifestyles





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O.2Designanddeveloppilotexperimentsinclosecollaborationwithlocalactorsandcommunities,bringingtogether researchers from different disciplines, practitioners, activists, and citizens toward increasing thecollectiveawarenessinlocalitiesandtheenrichmentofMAZItoolkitthroughreal-lifeexperimentation,makingsurethatthepilots

• aimtoaddressrealneedsandrespectspecificconstraintsoflocalcommunities

• produceeasilyreplicableprocesses

• setrealisticgoalsthatreflecttheneedsofcitizensandlocalcommunities

1.3 Thecomparativemethod

The pilot studies in theMAZI Project are current situations in the cities of Berlin, Zurich or London, whichrequire research methods that employ contextual, cross-cultural and specific local knowledge, exchangedduringparticipatoryandcollaborativeprocesses.Urbanstudiesingeneralaswellasdesigntheoryandpracticederive knowledge fromvarious fields of social sciences such as sociology, anthropology, geography, politicalscienceandpoliticaleconomy.Inthefollowingparagraphswemakeabriefoverviewofcomparativemethodsthatarerelevanttoresearchintherelatedfields.Thisexplorationismeant,nevertheless,toprovideabroadcontexttothediscussionofcomparativemethodsindesign.Inthestudyofurbanformanddesign,therearedifferentapproachestocomparativestudiesthatdealinonewayoranotherwiththeissuesofthecomparativemethodinsocialsciences.

French sociologist Emile Durkheim is referred to as the father of sociology, due to his contribution toestablishingthefieldwithinsocialsciences.Attheendofthenineteenthcenturyhearguedthatcomparativesociologyisnotaspecificbranchofit,butsociologyitself.Therelevanceofcomparativeresearchisconfirmedby the method's capability to go beyond pure description and to explain facts (Durkheim, 1982 [1895]).Moreover,headvised,comparisons insociologyarenotaboutcontrasting realitywithan ideal society.Theydealratherwithanalysesofthemannerinwhichasocietyconceivesitselfovertime,becauseinhisviewthemost relevant aspect of a society is the idea of itself. Therefore, according to Durkheim the comparativemethod in sociology considers temporal ideological analyses between “the authority of tradition” and “thecomingintobeing”ofasociety1.InandacrossalltheMAZIPilotssuchtemporalanalyseswillbeemployedandbymeans of comparisonswemay understand, for instance, the emergence of particular situations, impliedprocessesandtheevolutionofsuchcollectiveawarenessplatformsforsustainabilityandsocialinnovation.

AtthesametimewhenDurkheimelaboratedonthesociologicalmethod,FranzBoas--anAmericanpioneerofmodernanthropology--publishedanarticleaboutthelimitationsofthecomparativemethodinanthropology.Heisknownforapplyingthescientificmethodtothestudyofhumansocietiesandcultures,andwasthereforinterestedintheeffectsthathistoricalconnectionshavehaduponthegrowthofcultures.Boaspointedatthelimitationstothemethod,duetothefactthatcomparisonof“similarculturalphenomenafromvariouspartsof theworld in order to discover the uniform history of their developmentmakes the assumption that thesameethnologicalphenomenonhaseverywheredeveloped in the samemanner” (Boas1982 [1896],p.274).This is an important point to be taken into account in the study of the MAZI Pilots in comparison, whileexploringtheirsimilaritiesanddifferences.Incontemporarycomparativeurbanstudies,forexample,acallforcontextualtakeswasformulatedbyJenniferRobinson(2011)as"arevitalizedandexperimental internationalcomparativism thatwill enableurban studies to stretch its resources for theorybuildingacross theworldofcities", which "would need to be significantly more tentative and uncertain than at present, as it drawsdifferent contexts into conversation." Such an urban theory on a world scale could be "characterized bymultiple,frequentlyunsettledandhopefullyunsettlingconversationsaboutthenatureandthefuturesofcities

1"[Ideologicalconflictswithinasocietybreakoutbetween]differentideals,betweentheidealofyesterdayandthatoftoday,betweentheidealthathastheauthorityoftraditionandonethatwhichisonlycomingintobeing.Studyinghowidealscometoevolvecertainlyhasitsplace, but nomatter how this problem is solved, the fact remains that the whole of it unfolds in the world of the ideal. [...] It is byassimilatingtheidealsworkedoutbysocietythattheindividualisabletoconceiveoftheideal.Itissocietythat,bydrawinghimintoitssphereofaction,hasgivenhimtheneedtoraisehimselfabovetheworldofexperience,whileatthesametimefurnishinghimwiththemeanstoimagininganother"(Durkheim1982,p.425).





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in the world" (p. 19). Many of the events and activities in theMAZI Project are structured around similarconversations,moreorlessunsettling,thathavethecapabilitytouncoversurprisingfindingsandtostimulatecreativeandinnovativefurtherstepsofaction.AsatpresenttheinfluenceofglobaleconomyisverystrongoncitygovernanceinmostoftheresearchedsituationsintheMAZIProject,wedrawaccordinglyonurbanstudiesby political science scholars that dealwith this relationship comparatively, so to bridge the development ofcitiesandplaceswithcomparativestudiesinpoliticalscience.

BetweenthetwoworldwarsintheUnitedStates,asubfieldofpoliticalscience,whichdealtwithcomparativestudies of political processes and institutions, was generated by the scientific study of political systems ofvariousEuropeancountries.Towardstheendofthe1960s,withinthefielddevelopedtheargumentthatthescientificmethodinpoliticalscienceisinevitablycomparative(HaroldLasswellinRustow&Erickson1991),andalsothat,whetherbymeansofthescientificmethodorbymeansofqualitativeanalysis,comparisonofcasestudiesleadstothedevelopmentoftheory(Collier1991,p.7)2.FortheMAZIproject,theunderstandingoftheMAZIPilotsincomparisonisaimedtoleadtoacomprehensiveframingoftheMAZIToolkit.

In the context of political science, however, there is concern with the techniques of comparison. Oftencomparativemethodreferstothesystematicanalysisofasmallnumberofcases,drawingonthedefinitionofcomparative studies formulated by Dutch political scientist Arend Lijphard (1971). In an analysis of thecomparativemethodLijphardidentifieditsweakcapacitytosortoutrivalexplanations.Thislimitationmightbesolved either by increasing the number of cases or by reducing the number of variables. If there is a largenumberofvariables,heproposedtheanalysisof“comparablecases.”Comparablecasesareconsideredthosecases in which similarities are found among variables that are not central to the analysis, and in whichdifferencesareamong thekeyvariables.At thesametime, stronger theoryand the ideaofa researchcyclewouldbeabletoremovetheproblemsassociatedwiththecomparativeanalysisofalargenumberofcases.

These elements are taken into consideration in the identification of 'a good case' for theMAZI Pilots, theirnumber,aswellasintheiranalysesandinterpretationsincomparison.Asfurtherdevelopmentsofthefieldofcomparative studies in political science outline the advantages of keeping the research analysis for a smallnumberof cases. Inadvocating thismethod,Harvardprofessorofpolitical scienceSidneyVerbaadvised theneed to command the cases in order to assess sophisticated hypotheses, which he called a “disciplinedconfigurativeapproach”(1967).FromGiovanniSartori,anItalianpoliticalscientistspecializinginthestudyofcomparative politics, we learn that the comparative method should avoid conceptual “stretching” (1984).Conceptualstretchingreferstocertainlossoftheinitialconceptualmeaningthroughapplicationofaconcepttoa largenumberof cases.Because theconcepts thatwecouldapply toabroad rangeof casesaremostlyabstractandunworthyof scholarlyattention,Sartori suggestsusing incomparative studiesa relatively smallnumber of cases. Under these conditions, appropriate application of the concepts is capable to highlightparticularities and specific meanings within the comparative method. Moreover, the studies in symbolicanthropologyofPrincetonemeritusprofessorCliffordGeertzaddtothecomparativemethodtherequirementof a “thick description” of a human behavior (1973). A thick description does not refer only to a detaileddescription,whichplacestheresearchdataincontext,butalsotothecontextualizationofresearchfindingstoexplain both practices and discourse within a society, which bring the discussion full circle to Durkheim'sargumentsin“TheRulesofSociologicalMethod”(1982[1895]).

In addition to the sociological, anthropological and political dimensions of the particular cases, there is aphysicaldimensiontobetakenintoconsideration.Everyplacegeneratesitsownsituationsandinfluencesthespatialaswellastechnologicalsolutions.Therefore,wedrawourunderstandingbylookingalsointothebroadstudies of urban form. Detailed narratives regarding the historic evolution of urban form are based onqualitative comparative studies that focus on several particular cases, while exploring various sociallyconstructed features of cities. Spiro Kostof published in 1992 two historical cross-cultural urban studies, inwhich the factors for analysis were determined according to their contribution to the physical structure oftowns.In“TheCityShaped”hediscussedfivepatternsoforganizationaccordingtothemannerinwhichtheir

2As forthebenefitsof thecomparativemethod,BerkeleyprofessorofpoliticalscienceDavidCollierprovidesacompellingexplanation.Currentlyweunderstandthat“[c]omparisonsharpensourpowersofdescriptionandcanbeaninvaluablestimulustoconceptformation.Itprovidescriteriafortestinghypothesesandcontributestotheinductivediscoveryofnewhypothesesandtotheorybuilding”(Collier1991,p.7).





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physicaloveralllayoutdevelopedoverthecenturies.In“TheCityAssembled”Kostofdeconstructedurbanforminto its constituent elements and proposed five main categories, completely separate from the structuralpatterns identified in the first study, namely the city edge, divisions, public places, the street and urbanprocesses.Kostofmentionedthearbitrarinessofthisclassificationthough,duetotheparticularityoftheurbanformthatitssocialcontentgenerated.

Furthermore, from the tradition of urban design and studies that focus on the social construction of space,AmosRapoportelaboratedcross-culturalcomparativestudiesinordertostructurethetheoryofenvironment-behavior relations (1977). In doing research about vernacular design, he revealed the variability of thedefinition of cities, as cognitive and taxonomic processes. By means of comparisons he redefined theunderstandingofurban form in social terms,according topeople’s values, ideals,purposes, choices, activitysystems.Hehighlightedthesignificanceoftherelationshipsamongelementsandoftheunderlyingrulesintheorganization of urban space. If taking into consideration the relationships and the organizing rules, urbandesigncouldbedefinedas theorganizationof space, time,meaning,andcommunication.Rapoportpointedoutthaturbandesignvarieswiththenatureoftheenvironment,culturaldifferences,values,aswellaswiththeintricateconceptofenvironmentalperception.





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2. TheMAZIframework

2.1 TheFramework

MAZI will build on and learn from the diversity of our consortium as it will engage in carefully structuredinterdisciplinaryworkingsessions,inwhichMAZIpartnerswillkeeptheirdifferent“disciplinary”hatsandtrytointegratetheirdifferentperspectivesintoacomprehensiveandmeaningfulcomparison.

Thisprocess,asvisualizedinthefigurebelow,isdrivenbyfourMAZIpilotstudiescarriedoutincollaborationbetweentheMAZIacademicandcommunitypartners,aswellaswiththewideracademicandnon-academicaudience.Thepilotswill takeplace indifferentcities,andaddresstheneedsofdifferentcommunities,usingdifferent instantiations of the MAZI toolkit. Indeed, DIY networks are by construction anchored to specificgeographic locations,andthusregardcontext-specificneedsthataremostlyknownto localactors;alsotheymight change over time. Consequently, different types of applicationswill be relevant at diverse times andplaces.Thisframeworkaimsatprovidingastructuretocriticallyassessthepractices incarryingoutthepilotwork in these different settings, and, despite and because their heterogeneity, to establish dimensions ofcomparability across the different pilots. This framework thus serves to facilitate the transfer of valuableknowledgenecessaryforboththesuccessoftheindividualpilotsaswellastheconceptualizationofthetoolkitasahigh-levelobjectiveacrosspilotsanddisciplines.

DIFFERENT CONTEXTS

DATA COLLECTION

SYNTHESIS

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CROSS-FERTILIZATION OF PILOTS

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INTERDISCIPLINARITY

DIARY/REPORTS

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Figure2:Eachof thepilotsconsistsofmultiplevariables,heredescribedascontexts,hybridelementsandframings/objectives, thatwillevolveandchangeovertime.Theircombinationandinterplaywillbesubjectofplannedexperimentationwithinthefourdifferentpilots,ineachofwhicharichsetofknowledgewillbegenerated.Thisknowledgewill intheprocessbediscussed,challengedandenrichedwithperspectivesbothoutof the consortiumaswell asbeyond theprojectboundaries. For this,wewill havea framing setof comparativequestionstobereportedonbeforeeachofthecross-fertilizationevents(questionssee4.3,eventssee4.4).Theseperiodicalreportswillenableustodrawconclusionsbycomparingtheevolvementofthepilotsthemselvesaswellashowtheyareperceivedandperformedbytheirrespectiveteamsovertime.Furthermore,wewillcontinuouslydisseminateanddebatethefindingsandexperiencesofourprojectworkininternationaljournalsandconferences,hencereflectontheprogressinmultiple,interdependentdimensions.Thesereflectionswillcirculatebackintothesingularpilots,informingthenextstageoftheprojectsiterativeprocess.





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To facilitate the process described in Figure 2, the framework is understood as circular and iterative, andforeseesthefollowingelementsinplacetosupporttheinterdisciplinarygeneration,applicationandtransferofknowledge:

1) Diary/Reports(see2.2)

2) Crossfertilizationevents(see2.3)

3) Evaluation(D3.8)

4) Dissemination

2.2 Aframeworkforprocessualcomparison

WeanticipatethatthedifferentactivitiescarriedoutbythedifferentpilotswillmeetthespecificationsoftheobjectivesofMAZItodifferentextents,basedonhowmaturetheirworkisandontherationalethattheyareusingtosteertheirwork.

Thefollowingisaninitialversionofacatalogueofquestionstobeansweredbyeachofthepilotsbeforeeachcross-fertilizationevent(see4.4).Thesereportswillbeevaluatedtowardsthegenerationofknowledgeaboutinter-andtransdisciplinaryissuesoccurringwithinandacrossthepilotsaswellasabouttheverycollaborationintheinterdisciplinaryconsortiumitself.Thisknowledgewillbediscussedduringthecross-fertilizationeventsandwillinformthefurtherproceedingofthepilotsaswellasbedisseminatedthroughpapers,articlesandthelike. These questions are however amere start andwill evolve and change over time, aswe anticipate thepracticecarriedoutintherespectivepilotstopointtheconsortiumtomorerefinedormerelydifferentcriteriaofsuccess.

I.ProjectManagementUpdates

>>Whatisthecurrentstateinregardstoyourpilots‘politicalandsocialcontext?Haveanysignificantchanges/developmentsoccurred?

>>Whichactivitieshavetakenplacewithinthisreportingperiod?

>>Havebenchmarks/activitiesbeenmet/done?

>>Whatarethebiggestchallengesandhowareyouplanningonresolvingthem?

II.High-levelknowledgerelevantfortoolkitconceptualization

>>Towhatextendis(/willbe)yourpilotrelyonFLOSSsoftwareandopenhardware?

>>Whichsoftware/hardwarecomponentsareyou(planningto)applying?

>>Whichlearnings,componentsorprinciplesseemvaluableforinclusioninto/considerationforthedesignoftheMAZItoolkitatthispoint?

UserExperience

>>Howisthecurrentstateofyourpilots‘MAZIzoneperceivedbyusersinregardstocomprehensibility?

>>Whatarelearningsandexperiencestoimplementintothedesignofthetoolkitasbeingusedbynon-experts?

Customization/PhysicalDesign





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>>Whatarecurrentideas/optionsinregardstoframings,wording,visualization,physicalrepresentation?

>>Howareyouproceedingwithuserdata?Howtransparentisthecollectionofdata?

>>Howcouldyourcurrentconsiderationsforyourpilotbetranslatedintotemplatestobeappliedinthetoolkit?

III.Community

CommunityOutreachgeneralsituation

(e.g.Actors/Stakeholders,Difficulties)

>>Howdoyouinvolvelocalactorsandcommunitiesintheprocessesofyourpilot?

>>Howdoyouinvolveexternalresearchersandthewiderconsortiumintothepilot?

CommunityNeeds

>>Whatcommunityneedsarebeingidentified/havebeenfilteredouttoworkwithMAZI?

>>Howweretheydeterminedasbeinggroundedinreallife/specificcommunitysettings?

>>Whichcommunityspecificconstraintsareyouexperiencinginyourpilot?

ExpectationManagement/GoalSetting:Howareexpectationstowardsthepilotdeveloping?

>>WhatareexpectationstowardsMAZIbythelocalcommunity?

>>Howdotheyrelatetoyourteam‘sexpectations?

>>Howdoyousetanddiscussgoalswiththelocalcommunities?

>>Whatarethetop-3goalsforyourpilot?

Ownership

>>Howdoyoudealwithowner-/authorshipinyourpilot?Whoisandwhofeelsresponsible?

>>Whatareissuesinregardstotrustandsenseofownershipwithlocalcommunities?

IV.Individualcriteriaforsuccess

>>Whatarecriteriaofsuccessparticulartoyourpilotthatarenotyetlistedinthisquestionnaire?

2.3 Cross-fertilizationevents

Across the timeline of the different pilots pilots, the MAZI consortium will hold multiple cross-fertilizationevents that aim at the interdisciplinary comparison of the pilots and at drawing high-level conclusions inregardstoandguidedbythedimensionsofcomparisoninalignmenttotheprojectobjectives(asdescribedin1.2).Theseeventsthusinstitutionalizethecontinuousdiscussionandcomparisonoftheexperiencesincarryingoutthedifferentpilotstudiesforthesakeoflearningfromeachotherssuccessesandfailures.

Additionally,externalresearchandactivistcommunitieswillparticipateintherespectiveeventstoensuretheproject‘scontinuousgrounding inreal-lifeneedsandperspectives,since it isonlythroughtheformationofalarge and dynamic community of relevant groups and individuals that the usability and design of thistechnology canbecomeattractive for awider society. In turn, this is a critical requirement for reaching theobjectivesofsocialcohesionandlocation-basedcollectiveawareness.





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CROSS-FERTILIZATION OF PILOTS

KRAFTWERK1

UNMONASTERY

CREEKNET

TOOLKIT

PRINZESSINNEN-GARTEN

M1 M24 M30 M36

MAZI TOOLKIT v.1

BERLIN WORKSHOP

ZÜRICH WORKSHOP

INURA CONFERENCE SUMMERSCHOOL MAZI TOOLKIT v.3MAZI TOOLKIT v.2LONDON WORKSHOP

EDINBURGH FESTIVALSUMMERSCHOOL

Figure3:Thefourdifferentpilotsarecarriedout inacascadingtimelymanner inordertoallowthemaximumpossiblecross-fertilizationintermsofmethodologies,successfulstrategiesandlessonslearned.

2.4 Usingtheframework

Inordertoensuretheframework‘spurpose,partnerswillbeaskedtoreportonthematrixdescribedin4.4inasequenceof3months.Additionally,eachcross-fertilizationeventandconsortiummeeting(seenextpoint4.6)willprovideatimeslotfordiscussionandcomparisonofthesereportsaswellasoftherespectiveknowledgegeneratedthroughthiscomparison.

Hence,theframeworkshouldenableitsusersto:

- continuouslyreflectonownpilots

- continuouslycomparein-betweenthedifferentpilots

- becomeawareofgeneralaswellasspecificissuesemergingataveryearlystage

- generallyshareexperiencesacrosstheconsortiumandtowardsawiderpublic(feedingintoD3.2-4)

- apply successful strategies of singular pilots inmultiple/different contexts as well as to avoidmistakesmade/challengesfaces





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3. Applicationoftheframework/Initialquestionnaire

Thefollowingchapterprovidesfirstinsightsintotheconsortium‘sdifferentpilotsthroughafirstreportonthequestions posed in 4.4. Please note that the Berlin pilot is the only practical dimension of MAZI that hasofficiallystartedatthetimeofsubmissionofthisdocument,hencethereportinggivenislargelyofanticipatorynature.

In order to support the tracing of developments and thus the efforts to createmutual learning experiencesfromcomparingthefourdifferentprocesses,eachpilotsectionbeginswiththedescriptiondelivered initiallyfor the DoW. These descriptions thus are seen as a starting point for the developments described in thefollowingquestionnaires.

3.1 Initialpilotdescriptions

3.2 UdKBerlin/CommonGrounds

BerlinUniversityof theArtswill collaboratewithCommonGrounds indeveloping,establishingand testingaMAZI framework that facilitatesandsupports thevividcivicdiscourseabout the futureuseofpublic land inBerlin,specificallyaboutoneofthemostprolificsymbolsofbottom-updevelopmentinGermany‘scapital:ThePrinzessinnengarten.

Prinzessinnengarten is a social and ecological urban agriculture project that has been founded and is beingmaintainedanddevelopedbyCommonGroundse.V.since2009ondesignatedpublicland.Withhundredsofengaged neighbours contributing, the 6000 square meter vacant lot in the centre of the city has beentransformed into a publicly accessible garden, right outside a metro station in the inner city district ofKreuzbergknownforitsdiversity,alternativeculture,historyofpoliticalmovements–butalsoforansteadilyincreasingprocessesofgentrification.Today,thespaceishometomorethan500varietiesofvegetablesinthecity,butalsoservesasamultifunctionalplacehostingvariouskindsof initiativesandsocioculturalactivities.With estimated 60,000 visitors andmore than 1,000 volunteers per year its appeal extends far beyond theimmediate neighbourhood. Central topics addressed by the garden and its users as well as visitors includeparticipatory city making, public discourse, biodiversity, nutrition, recycling, environmental justice, climatechange, and food sovereignty. Prinzessinnengarten serves as a platform for all kinds of practical social-ecological activities, including gardening, repairing bikes, beekeeping, re-useworkshops, lectures and publicdiscussions,filmscreeningsandartisticinterventions,withtheoverarchinggoalofexploringsustainablefuturewaysofurban living.Asa central characteristicof theproject,Prinzessinnengartenperusesahorizontal andradicallydemocraticapproach. It isopen toeveryone toget involved inprocessofknowledgeexchangeandinformal learning.Furthermore,throughtheopportunitytocontributeandtoparticipate inopenworkshops,through the garden café and a variety of cultural events, the Prinzessinnengarten has become one ofKreuzbergsmostpopularandlivelymeetingplace.

Inthesummerof2012,despiteitspopularityasapublicgood,thegroundsofPrinzessinnengartenwereputupfor sale and its existencewas threatened. The initiative launched a campaign including open letters to theBerlin Mayor and the Senate and a petition, which attained more than 30,000 signatures and was wellrecognizedinboththenationalandinternationalmedia.Thissupporthelpedtoachieveanagreementwiththecity administration to stay on its plot until 2018 (coinciding with the conclusion of MAZI). Based on therenewed threat, Common Ground seeks to initiate a strong process of citizen participation by making thefutureofPrinzessinnengarten,and,fromthere,theurbanfutureofBerlinawidelydiscussedtopic.ThegoalistoestablishanucleusforpublicconversationsthatareembeddedintherichtraditionofspatialnegotiationsandtheongoingdiscussionabouttheuseofpubliclandinBerlin.Thepilotaimsatcreatingnovelpossibilitiestoallowandfacilitatemoredirectformsofparticipationforcitydevelopmentissues,whichultimatelyaddressthetopicoffutureorientated,sociallyandecologicallysustainableformsofurbandevelopment.Inregardsto





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thesequestions,PrinzessinnengartenasaverycentralandvisibleplaceinBerlinisseenasanoptimaltestinggroundfornewformsandmethodsofparticipation.MAZIwillserveasacentralandfacilitatingmomentuminthisprocess.

Prinzessinnengarten is designed and performed as an open space for public discourse and peer-to-peerlearning processes. Decidedly focusing on the locality, Prinzessinnengarten is reluctant to offering internet-access to its visitors, given the surrounding environmentwithmany co-working spaces andmedia agencies,whichproposesascenarioofpatronscomingtothegardeninordertogetprofessionalworkdone.DeployingaDIYnetwork thereforpromisesanovelopportunity to share localknowledgewithout the riskofdiluting thecollectivefocusonthesiteitself.Thus,thispilotservesatwofoldpurpose,namely[DISCOURSE]theinitiation,support and enrichment of public discourses about the future of the site andpublic land in general, andb)[KNOWLEDGE] theopenandcollaborativegenerationof knowledgeabout the complexityof this topic,bothfostering and building on the already cultivated and ongoing processes of informal learning in the existingframeworkofPrinzessinnengarten.

3.3 OpenUniversity/SPC

TheOpenUniversitywillworkwithSPCtoexplorecommunity interactionsviaa localnetwork.Thispilotwillengageadiversepopulationwithinalimitedgeographicalarea,Deptford,inSouthEastLondon,UK.Deptfordisan inner-city area with a mixed socio-economic profile, including low income neighbourhoods, artistcommunities, student populations attending a range of institutions including Goldsmith’s College,Ravensbourne College and the University of Greenwich; and urban professionals. Formerly a wealthy area,economicactivitydeclinedwiththeclosureofthenearbydockyards,thoughaprocessofredevelopmentandgentrificationisunderway,whichhasledtolocaldebatesabouttheidentityandfutureofthearea.

SPC has worked in Deptford since 2001 and has contacts with local people, community groups, socialenterprises,highereducationandbusiness interests inthearea.SPChasbeenrunningacommunitywirelessnetworkOWN(OpenWirelessNetwork)toprovidefreestreetlevelinternetaccessutilisingthelatestlowcostandlowpowerequipmentsince2008,developingfromtheir2001originalnetwork.Thetaskofmaintainingthenetwork and supporting users’ needs is focussed around a weekly community workshop (“wirelessWednesdays”)hostedinSPC’sGreenwichlab(http://bit.spc.org).Atitspeakin2010thenetworkhad60meshnodes and 400 users per day in an area of approximately 4 square km. However, it has proved difficult todeveloppersistentservicesontopofnetworkinfrastructureandnumbersofparticipantshavedwindled.

SPCwouldbe interested inexploringhowthisactivitymaybe revitalised,and investigatingservices thatarerelevanttolocalcommunities’needsandinterests.Thispilotproposesthedevelopmentof“CreekNet”–aDIYnetworktolinktogethercommunitiesrunningalongsideDeptfordCreek,thewaterwaythatformsthenaturalboundarybetweenthetwoneighbourhoodsofGreenwichandDeptford.AsawaterwaythatleadstotheRiverThames it has been the historic focus for economic and social activities and is currently undergoing rapidredevelopment.Potentialparticipatingcommunitiesincludeaneducationcentre,localcommunityartsvenues,boat-based communities, and local colleges. Aswell as extending current network connectivity provided byOWNandotherproviderswithaMAZIsupportedDIYnetworkinfrastructure,CreekNetwilldeployservicestosupportlocalinteractions.ThispilotwillcoverthreeaspectsofMAZI:[CONTACT],buildingrelationshipsacrossthediversepopulationthatlivesinsmallgeographicalareabutwithverydifferentcharacteristicsandsharinginformationabout

The location for new arrivals [INFORMATION] in order to help build a sense of collective awareness; with[DISCOURSE] toengage communitymembers indiscussions around shared interests, anddebates about theidentityandfuturepotentialof their livedenvironment. It is intendedthiswillexploretheextenttowhichaMAZItoolkitcanprovideanalternativemediachanneltocurrentmeansofdebatinglocalurbandevelopmentissues.

Servicesmay include localdevelopmentandhostingofwebsites(e.ghttp://superglue.it),decentralisedcloudstorage (http://storj.io) and community centred explorations of the Internet of Things (e.g.





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http://dowse.equipment/).Thereisaninterestincommunitymanagedresourcesthathavesecurityintegrity,giventhepost-Snowdenenvironment.

3.4 Nethood/INURA

Kraftwerk1 isacooperativeandgrassrootshousingandworkspaceprojectwith threesettlements located inandaroundZurich.Itstartedasanexperimentintherealestatecrisisofthe1990s,departingfromthevisionof a worldwide movement of appropriation of former industrial areas, toward shaping “a new civilisationbeyondwork.”Kraftwerk1becameacollective,self-organized,environmentallyandeconomicallysustainableurban alternative, within a mix of residential, social and commercial spaces. The first settlement wascompleted in2001and ishousingaround270people in81 residentialunits (suites)of various compositionsandsizes,fromindividualhousingtocollectiveliving(2to13roomsuites),whichareself-financinganddefinetheir own social structure. Additionally, more than 100 people work in small businesses of all kinds in thesettlement. A restaurant (14 gaultmillau points), a hair-salon, a self-managed shop and a kindergarten aresomepublicservicesprovidedinKraftwerk1.

AsKraftwerk1wasnotsupposedtobecomeanislanddisconnectedfromitslargercontext,therearemultiplewaysinplacetoconnectitwiththecity,theoutsideeconomy,andthecountryside(e.g.,throughexchangeofagriculturalorindustrialproducts).ItsmembersmaintainadirectlinkwithfarmersintheproximityofZurich,throughfoodsupplyandtemporarycommitmentonthefarms.Forvisitors,thereisguestroomprovision,andthe commercial and office spaces on the premises establish further networks. Through the process ofdevelopmentand(daily)living,Kraftwerk1contributestotherenaissanceoftraditionalcooperativemovementinZurich.Itsmembersdevelopedenvironmentalstandards,operationalconcepts,andcollaborativeactivitiesindialogue among themselves and the elected cooperative bodies. Kraftwerk1 cooperative expanded in 2012withasecondsettlementprovidingspace for85 inhabitants, including flats forhandicappedpeople. In2015another settlement will be inaugurated in the proximity of the Zurich Airport for 240 people living and 90working. More cooperatives in Zurich based on similar ideas are: Mehr-als-wohnen, Kalkbreite, Wogeno,NENA1,andmore.

TheINURAZurichInstitute'sofficeroomsaresituatedinKraftwerk1sincetheverybeginning.Asamemberofthecooperative,butnotwithinaboard,PhilippKlaus(INURA)isactivelyinvolvedindifferentworkinggroupsanddecisionmakingprocessesatthecooperative'sassemblies.InKraftwerk1livesalsothewriter"P.M."whoisoneofthekeypersonsbehindthemovementofalternativesettlementsinZurich.ThepseudonymP.M.waschosenasthecombinationoflettersrepresentedthemostusedinitialsintheSwissphonebook.In1983P.M.publishedthebook“bolo’bolo”whichhasbeentranslatedinto6languages,followedbyaseriesofbooksonalternative living. Today, P.M. is representing Neustart Schweiz, an umbrella association of variouscooperatives built by the principles of Kraftwerk1. As such he is in charge of communicating the ideas ofNeustart and the various “success stories” in Switzerland for socially and ecologically integratedneighbourhoods at an international level. Panayotis Antoniadis (NetHood) supports Neustart's activities inGreecebytranslatingthenewbookbyP.M.(2014),documentsandbuildinglinkswithlocalactors.CurrentlyNeustart develops a new nationality-neutral concept called “500”, referring to the approximate number ofinhabitantsinsuchaproject:http://o500.org.ThispilotwillusetheKNOWLEDGEframingandaimstosupportthisendeavouroftheKraftwerk1cooperativebyprovidingsoftwaretoolsandguidelinesfromtheMAZItoolkitthat will help the members of Kraftwerk1 to share their knowledge and experiences with their Greekcounterparts. The collaboration with the Kraftwerk1 in the MAZI project is favoured by the fact that theKraftwerk1 community is already sensitive in issues of ownership and application of ICT infrastructure.Currently an Intranet is realised where local collaborative applications will be soon installed and thusKraftwerk1isbothanidealusercommunityofthetoolkitbutalsoaninvaluablesourceofknowledgeaboutthedesignanduseof local applications in confinedenvironments.Moreover,KraftWerk1 isorganised inabasicdemocraticmanneranddecisionmaking isvery inclusive.Thismeans thatPhilippKlausasbothapartnerofMAZIandamemberofKraftwerk1,willhavetheopportunitytoproposetheadoptionoftheMAZI“offering”for Kraftwerk1 through thedemocratic processesof the cooperative andengage itsmembers indiscussionsanddeliberationsarounditsdesignandexpecteduse.Butalso,hecanfollowcloselytheuseoftheapplication





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overtime,discussingwithfriendsandcolleaguesabouttheirexperiences,andplaytheroleofa“permanent”catalystthroughouttheprocess.

3.5 EdinburghNapierUniversity/Unmonastery

TherationaleforcreatingMAZItoolkit(socialcohesion,localknowledge,conviviality,participationindecision-making, self-organization, knowledge sharing, education, sustainable living) are all shared objectives of theunMonastery project: to create a sustainable, convivial, horizontally organised community of theunMonasterians,andtobuildmeaningfulrelationshipswiththelocalcommunity.Assuch,theunMonasteryisspecificallysuitedforco-designingandtestingthetoolkit.

OneimportantaspectoftheunMonasteryworkwhereusinganetworkedtoolcouldbereallyusefulismakingunMonasterians visible for the city; during the first prototype inMatera (Italy) a lot of time was spent onfiguringouthowtoliveandworktogether,andworkingonlinewiththeglobalnetwork.Allthisworkremainedinvisible to the neighbours. The reverse was also true - unMonasterians only met people who were braveenoughtocomeandtalk to them inperson.HavingamobileDIYnetworkwith localapplicationsspecificallydesignedforaidingphysicalmeet-upswouldhavebeenveryuseful.

Individual unMonasterians are often cultural nomads; they arrive at unknown worlds, which they need torelatetoasmorethanmeretourists.Sharinglivingandworkingspace,theymustworktodeveloplongtermrelationshipsandcollaborationswithinthelocalcommunity.AftertheclosingoftheMateraprototype,asmallmission formed inAthens to explore the evident growth environment there. TheunMonastery is subject tomanyinquiriesandcontinuetomakescoutingexcursions,tocollectinformationaboutnewplaces,whichareprofferedasapotentialhome.

A key aspect of the unMonasterywork is the documentation, visualisation and communication of data as ameansof engagingwith communities. InMatera, they installed anopenenergymonitor, trackedelectricity,water,andfoodconsumptionandwasteproduction.unMonasterianscanco-designandtestMAZItoolkitforcollectingandsharingdataamongcommunities.Anotherimportantmotivationisdevelopingtoolsforkeepingtrackofeachother’spersonalwell-beingindistance.

TheunMonasteryBIOSgameisatechnique,whichcanbeusedasadesignfictiontoolforparticipatorydesignactivitiesforMAZItoolkit,thatisalreadyunderdevelopmentandveryclosetotheCriticalDesignmethodologythat was successfully used by NU during the UrbanIxD project. unMonastery will be an ideal testing anddevelopmentpilotforMAZItoolkit,asbotharebasedupontheideaofdevelopingavibrantcommunityamongstrangersinmultiplecontexts:withinanewlyoccupiedbuilding,inanewcity,andconnectinglocalactorswiththeirglobalcounterparts.NUwouldcollaboratewithunMonasteryindocumentingtheroleoftheMAZItoolkitin the setup of a new community. It is envisaged that the toolkit will both support the creation of thecommunity but also could be incorporated into various installations as ameans of engagingwith thewiderpopulace.BasedonamethodologyofcriticaldesignNUandunMonasterywillworktogethertocreateaseriesofprovocativeinstallationspiecesbywhichtoraisesawarenessofspecificissueswithinthelocalcommunity.





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3.6 Firstreportsondevelopmentswithinreportingperiod

Thefollowingpresentstheanswersofthepilotstoafirstapplicationoftheframework‘squestionnaire.Asthepilotsareintheveryearlystageoftheirroll-out,manyquestionsarenotabletobeansweredinthisversionandwillbecomerelevantinthenextversionstofollow.Pilot4refrainedfromansweringthequestionnaireatthispoint,asthispilotisscheduledtostartinM15.Consequently,itwillbeportrayedinthelaterversionstocomeaswell.Toenablecomparison,theanswersofeachpilothavebeencompiledundereachsection.

I.ProjectManagementUpdates

>> What is the current state in regards to your pilots‘ political and social context? Have any significantchanges/developmentsoccurred?

BERLIN

Incomparisontoourinitialpilotdescription,wehaverevisedandbroadenedourpilotconceptandexpandedtheinitialscope.Insteadoflimitingourperspectiveonaparticipatoryprocessforonespecificsite,wedecidedtoentailawiderneighborhoodperspectiveandtoincludeotherrelatedinitiativesinourMAZIactivities.TheNeighborhood Academy inside Prinzessinnengarten hereby remains the nucleus of our pilot as well as thelocationwheretheofflinenetworkwillbecentrallydeployed–theMAZI/Berlinnetworkwillthusmanifestthe“hybridization”oftheNeighborhoodAcademy.

BerlinUniversityof theArtswill thuscollaboratewithCommonGroundse.V. indeveloping,establishingandtesting a MAZI framework that facilitates and supports the vivid civic discourse about socio-ecologicaltransformation,urbanandruralbonds,rightstothecityandcollectivelearning.Thepointofdepartureliesinthe future use of public land, specifically in Berlin. The Neighborhood Academy, hosted and founded byCommonGroundse.V., “NomadischGrün”and theSwedishartist,ÅsaSonjasdotter, is theplatform throughwhichthesequestionsarediscussed.

The Neighborhood Academy in Prinzessinnengarten is a self-organized open platform for urban and ruralknowledgesharing,culturalpracticeandactivism.TheAcademydrawsonprocessesthatdetermineoureverydaylifeaswellasthecoexistenceofplants,peopleandanimals.Itopensaspaceforthequestions:Howcanwelearnfromeachotherinwaysthatrelatetotheworldandengageinandwithit?Canthisbedonethroughmethodsthataresimilartotheapproachofagardener–thatarecaringforandnurturinglifeprocesses?Howcan the work we do in our neighbourhoods also help us understand relations in larger andmore complexcontexts? How can we cooperate with initiatives in communities, other cities and rural areas in ways thatinfluencethesecontexts?

This bottom-up academy combines different knowledge- and experienced-based formats: non-standardizedknowledge, hands-on know-how, sensuous narratives and research methods. People, organizations andprojectsfromdifferentneighborhoodscometogether.ParticipantscancomefromKreuzbergorOderbruchjustaslikelyasfromDetroitortheruralregionsofGreecetofindcommongroundforlearningandteaching.TheAcademy in Prinzessinnengarten supports and builds communities. Invited initiatives work cooperatively onsharedissuesanddevelopso-calledManuals–simpleactionguidelines–accessibleandusableforthepublicandstoredintheArchiveofCommitment.

Themainoutlineoftherevisedpilot:

! Participatory prototyping of theMAZI-Toolkit in local, trans-local and neighborhood-wide processesaround the bottom-up development of community-oriented and sometimes community-constestedspaces linking together social, cultural and ecological aspects of our urban life (e.g.wewill includesome of the instructors of the planned NAk summer school into the design process of the firstMAZI/Berlinprototype)

! Inclusion of and networking with other related local initiatives and fostering synergies and cross-





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fertilizationthroughMicro-FestivalsandmobileMAZIinstallations.

! Supportoflocating,analyzinganddiscussinglocalengagementandactivismasspacesoflearning(i.e.collectivelearning),providingahybridframeworkforknowledgegeneration,transferandarchiving

! Provide an interface for contact between Neighborhood Academy (NAk) and the surroundingneighborhood.

Thefollowingisamoredetaileddescriptionofthisproject-expansion.

Initially,theMAZI-ProjectwasfocusedonacivilparticipatoryplanningprocessforthefutureuseofthespaceofthePrinzessinnengarten.However,thecircumstancesregardingthefutureofthespacehavechanged,astheBerlinSenatehasbeguntoenforceanewpropertypolicy,accordingtowhichallcity-andboroughownedlotsarebeing“clustered”into4categories.Formsoffutureusageandmarketingperspectivesofpreviouslyunusedor temporarily used spaces will be decided through this mechanism. The plot currently housingPrinzessinnengartenwillundergothisprocessinthefallof2016.Thepossibilityforacivicparticipatoryprocess,as proposed in 2012 by the community project and the Berlin district of Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg, is notforeseeninthisnewprocedure.Againstthisbackdrop,wedecidedtoplacethepilotonabroaderbaseinordertosecurethepilot‘ssustainability.

At the same time, it has become clear that the questions which appeared in the community project ofPrinzessinnengarten are being posed by numerous other neighborhood initiatives in the district of Berlin-Kreuzberg,which,despitetheirdiversity,shareacommitmenttothebottom-updevelopmentofcommunity-orientedspaces,linkingtogethersocial,culturalandecologicalaspectsofoururbanlife.

Thus, the Berlin pilot of MAZI reframes its focus from the development of Prinzessinnengarten to thedevelopment of Kreuzberg as a social, cultural, political, economical and ecological ecosystem and asks thefollowingquestion:

»In what future Kreuzberg do we want to live in? And how can we connect different actors within aneighborhoodlikeKreuzbergtoexchange,learnfromoneanotherandarticulateacommonvision?

NeighborhoodAcademyinPrinzessinnengartenasaplatformforcollectivelearning

TheNeighborhoodAcademyisadiscursiveplatforminPrinzessinnengartenfortheinvestigationofglobalsocio-ecological topics with departure in the local. Questions around topics such as access to the city, climatebreakdown,migrationandaffordablerents,arecentraltorelevantcontemporarydiscoursearoundthefutureof Berlin. The work of the Neighborhood Academy in Prinzessinnengarten is embedded in a community ofpractice, locally as well as internationally. Locally, it connects and cooperates with different groups andcommunities in urban as well as rural contexts working with political, economic, artistic and grass-rootknowledge.Onan international level it invitesgroups,professionals,artistsandNGOsthroughresidenciestosharetheirknowledgeandexperiencewithlocalgroupsinBerlinandBrandenburg.

Thelocaland/ormobileMAZInetworkisindentedtobeservingasaninterfaceaswellastoolfortheprocessesof generating, archiving and disseminating knowledgewithin this ”academic” structure. It should serve as alocalresearchplatform–aninformationhub–forteachersandstudentsoftheNeighborhoodAcademyaswellasvisitorsofthegarden.Italsoaimsatbeingapossiblegatewaybetweeninitiativesworkingonsimilartopics.AmainInterestistoreinterprettheconceptof“neighborhood”–fromthelocaltotheglobal,fromthespecifictotheuniversal.

LONDON

The Deptford Creek area is being rapidly changed due to urban development. Since theMAZI project wasinitiated(January2016)therehavebeennewhousingdevelopmentsbuilt,andtenantsfromexistingpropertiesevictedtoenablethedemolitionofartstudiosandtheirreplacementbynewhousingapartments.Thegeneraltrendisfortallerbuildingsincludingtowerblockswhichwillaffectcurrentprovisionoflongdistancewirelesslinks to communitynetworkusers fromSPC’smain location. Preparationsare continuing for the large scaleThamesTidewayinfrastructureprojectthatwillrequiremassivetunnellingworkontheedgeoftheCreekandrequireremovalbyroad(100trucks/day)orwater (500tonnebargesthatwill requiredredgingof theCreek





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andenvironmental impact).RepresentativesofThamesTidewayhavebeenengagingwiththe local residentsincludingpotentialMAZIparticipants(e.g.TheMinesweeperCollectiveartists’boatcommunity).

We believe there are general concerns about the rapid change to the physical environment, the change ofpopulationdue to theeconomicchanges (e.g.establishedpopulationbeingmoved),andresultingsocialandenvironmentalchanges(e.g.pollutionaffectingbiodiversity,socialandculturalbondsofresidentschanging).

ZURICH

TheKraftwerk1/NeNa1pilottakesplaceinaverygoodpoliticalmoment,sincethecitizensofZurichhavevotedin a 2011Referendum to increase the percentageof affordable dwellings,most of thembuilt basedon thecooperativehousingmodel,from25%todayto33%by2025.

Thispopulardecisionhasgeneratedsignificantactivityaroundthismodel,andthusour“knowledgetransfer”objective issharedbyvarious importantactors includingtheCityCouncil, localgrass-roots initiatives liketherecent NeNa1 cooperative, or research interdisiciplinary centres like the Wohnforum at ETH Zurich, whichmakesitmucheasiertoestablishcollaborationsanddrawattentiontoourownresearchworkwithinMAZI.

More specifically, we have identified as the two main "target" groups of the intended knowledge transferprocess: NeNa1(a local transferwithinZurich),and INURAAthensandCo-appbuilding(anexternal transferwithin Athens). In this sense, Kraftwerk1 will play mainly the local knowledge "provider" by sharing theirexperiences,andNeNa1andAthensgroups,ratherthanbeingseenastheknowledge"consumers",theywillplay the role of knowledge “interpreters” for their specific circumstances. However, we expect significantbenefitsandstimulifromthoseinteractionsalsoforKraftwerk1(e.g.self-reflection,communitybuilding,etc).

>>Whichactivitieshavetakenplacewithinthisreportingperiod?

BERLIN

Within thisperioda firstapproach to theabove-mentioned initiativeswasmade.Twoworkshopshavebeencarriedthrough,inordertobringtogetherthedifferentactors,andtocollectneedsandgenerateideasonthepossibleapplicationsofMAZI.

Firstworkshop:

The firstworkshopwas an internalmeetingwith artists, experts andmembers of the different initiatives inBerlin. The goalwas to facilitate a first contact betweenparticipants/initiatives, and to introduceMAZI as aproject and itspossibilities as a toolwithin theNeighborhoodAcademy’s SummerProgram2016–with thewishtoextendit

1) foralongtermuse

2) forthecooperatinginitiativesandartists

FramedwithinthegeneraltopicofCollectiveLearning,aseriesofdiscussionsonContent,Formats/Methods,Roles/Actors and Material brought a first insight into the common concepts, issues and needs among theinitiatives.

Collective learning,being the formofpedagogicprincipleof theNeighborhoodAcademyandtheconnectingpracticeoftheinitiatives,wedefinedthemainrealmsofknowledgeproductionasfollowing:

- theconstructionanddeconstructionofnarratives

- makingoperationalstructuresinthepoliticsaroundusvisible

- understandingtheselfaspartofpoliticalnarrative

- andunderstandinganddevelopinginternaloperationalstructures

Theseresultswhereimportanttocreateacommongroundfortheunderstandingofourworkasanacademyandtheworkbeingdonewithintheinitiativesthemselves–tohighlightthelearningaspectofcommunitywork





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andpoliticalactivism.

SecondWorkshop:

The second session brought togethermembers of two Berlin initiatives, namely Stadt vonUnten (City fromBelow)andKotti&Co(animportanttenantmovementinitiativeinKreuzberg).Takingthemascasestudies,aspeculative exercise around the possibilities ofMAZI as a tool for their specific needswas developed. Theresultwasanumberofapplicationsrangingfrommetaphorictoconcrete.

LONDON

TheCreeknetpilot startsMonth5 (May2016)withcommunityengagementanda seriesof “MAZI-Monday”events have been held to initiate conversations, understand local challenges, and identify potentialparticipatinggroups.Additionally,SPChavedrawnontheirnetworkofexistingcontactstopromotetheMAZIprojectandinformallyestablishprojectrelationshipswithpotentialparticipants.

ZURICH

TheKraftwerk1pilothasnotyetofficiallystartedaccordingtotheDoW.However,duetotheintenseactivityaround thecoreobjectivesof thepilot,NetHoodand INURAZurich Institutehavebeenactive since the firstmonthsoftheprojectconcerningtwotypesofactivities:

- ongoingengagementwiththeactivitiesofthenewcooperativehousingproject,NeNa1,http://nena1.ch,andtheconnectedneighbourhoodassociation,5im5iForum,http://5im5i.ch.Thissituation isduetotheparticular interests in these grass-roots civic initiatives of the NetHoodmembers --Ileana Apostol, JensMartignoni, and Panayotis Antoniadis are registeredmembers of these associations-- aswell as due toPhilippKlaus'supporttosuchrecentformsofcivicactivity.Moreover,asurbanist IleanaApostol isbeentakinganactiverolewithinthe5im5iForumboard,andthe"social"and"architectureandurbandesign"NeNa1workinggroups,andPanayotisAntoniadisismemberoftheNeNa1“technologygroup”.

- linkingwith interestedgroups inGreece(Co-appbuildingandINURAAthens)toestablishtheframeworkforapotentialknowledgetransferprocessduringthepilot;organizationofrelatedmeetingsandevents,most notable being the forthcoming 5-day workshop at the Greek pavilion at the Venice ArchitectureBiennale “From Urban Commons To Co-housing Practices”, co-organized by Panayotis Antoniadis(NetHood) and Constantina Theodorou (Co-app building, Athens). Seehttp://venicebiennale2016.gr/en/events-2/.

- introducinganewcollaborativeprojectinsidetheINURAnetwork,calledtheINURAco-opinitiative,whosegoal istoextendtheknowledgetransferprocessbeyondAthensandincludemembersofthenetworkinBerlin,London,andothercitieswherethereisinterestinco-housingmodels.

>>Whatarethebiggestchallengesandhowareyouplanningonresolvingthem?

BERLIN

For now we have not encounter significant challenges, and our community outreach has been met withinterestandopenmindedness.Engagementwithvariouscontactedgroupsforknowledgetransferisadvancingwell.

AriskweseewithintheprojectissurpassingactualneedsofthecommunityinsearchofpossibleusesoftheDIY-network.Seeingthatresourceswithincommunity initiativesaremostoftenstrained in formof timeandeconomicmeans,itisvitaltocreatesituationwheretheMAZIisanaddedvalueandnotanaddedburden.Wearemeetingthisriskthrough:

1) theintensepre-surveyingofneedsthroughthecommunityworkshops,

2) bydevelopingaMAZI-prototypefortheNeighborhoodAcademythathastheeasypotentialofbeingmultipliedbyotherinitiatives,and

3) inaveryearlystage,focusingonquestionsofcontentproduction,editingprocesses,maintenanceand





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adaption/multiplication.

LONDON

Minor changes. Initial planned mechanisms indicated in Description of Work (e.g. use of liquid democracytools) may be reviewed depending on how appropriate they are for the specific collaborations that mayemerge.At this stageof thepilot (twomonths into the sixmonth ‘CommunityEngagement’phase) it is tooearly to confirm the firm definition of scenarioswewill pursue. This is dependent on the outcomes of thisparticipatory-orientatedresearchapproach.

AmajorchallengeistheexternalurbandevelopmentfactorsintheDeptfordCreeklocalitythatmaymeanlocalactorswehadplanned toworkwithmayno longerbe in theneighbourhood,ormayhavemore importantchallengestofaceandhencenothavethecapacitytoengagewiththeMAZIproject.

Thereisapotentialpowerimbalancebetweenthefundedprojectpartnersandlocalparticipants:wecannotrecompensefortheirengagement.ItwillbethereforeimportanttoidentifycollaborationsthatalsobringlongtermbenefittoparticipantsaswellastheMAZIprojectteam.

‘Researchfatigue’maybeanissuethathastobemanagedwithmanyofourpotentialparticipantsoperatingwith small margins of spare resources (time, energy) and only able to manage limited engagement withresearchers:somehavealreadycommittedpriortimetosupportingexternalresearcheractivity.

WehavetoconsiderethicalchallengesandwillberequiredtosubmitanapplicationtotheOpenUniversity’sHumanResearchEthicsCommitteewhichwillclarifypotentialchallengesweneedtoaddress,e.g.dataprivacy.

ZURICH

Fornowwehavenotencountersignificantchallenges,andourengagementwiththevariouscontactedgroupsfor knowledge transfer is advancing better than expected. There are however two important anticipatedchallenges:

1) theactive involvementoftheKraftwerk1residents inthedesignanduseoftheMAZItechnology.This isspecially difficult in the case of Kraftwerk1 because there have been recently long debates around thedesignoftheirlocalIntranetthathavecreatedcertaintrauma,byexhaustingthetopic,butalsobecauseofquestionnaire fatigue: Kraftwerk1 being a very well-known and sought-after case study of cooperativehousing,attractsmanyresearchersfromvariousdisciplinesaimingtoanalysethissuccessstoryandextractknowledge.

We plan to address this challenges by starting simple, with UdK's Hybrid letterbox as our main inputdevice, which is playful, non-intrusive and can bridge various digital divides. For more sophisticatedparticipatory designprocesses,wewill investmoreof our energy insideNeNa1's “technology group” inwhich Panayotis Antoniadis is already an active member. This group's members have initiated the“distributed identitymanagement” task,which involvespeopleoutsideNeNa1andwhohavestartedanonlinecollaboration:https://tree.taiga.io/project/heribender-distributed-identity-management/.

AsforKraftwek1,wewillstartbyinterviewinganddiscussingwithPhilippKlaus,whoworks,livesandisamemberofvariousboardsinKraftwerk1,andthenreachoutthewiderKraftwerk1communityonlywhenwefeelwell-informed.ThefactthatPhilippKlaus isaregularparticipant inthecooperative'sassembliesoffers the ideal entry point, and the debates around theMAZI propositions in this contextwill provideinvaluable inputonthemost importantneeds/requirementsandchallenges that theMAZI toolkitwouldneedtoaddress.

2) thebigdifferencesbetweentheSwissandGreekcontextsmightdiscouragesignificantengagementfrombothsides.Morespecifically,initialreactionsbybothSwissandGreekcontactsrevealacertainreservationon thepracticalbenefitsof knowledge transfer, given currenthugedifferences if analysing thepolitical,economic,andsocialcontextsinthetwocountries.

To address such reservationsweare constructing a less ambitiousnarrative according towhich the keyobjectiveof these interactions is to identifya setof fundamental ideas thatarenotcontext-specificbut





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canbeusedasabasisforlocalinterpretations.ThiscanbeveryhelpfulalsofortheSwissside.

II.High-levelknowledgerelevantfortoolkitconceptualization

>>Towhatextendis(/willbe)yourpilotrelyonFLOSSsoftwareandopenhardware?

BERLIN

N/A

LONDON

Where possible our project will take an ‘open’ approach. It is likely that the software will be FLOSS herepossible as a philosophical position but the hardware will not be open in all cases: as one aspect of‘sustainability’wewillseektorecycleandreuseexistinghardwarewhichwillmeanclosedhardware inmostcases.Insomecaseswewillbeexploringcustomdesignedandbuilthardware.

ZURICH

TheKraftwerk1pilotwillfullyrelyonFLOSSsoftwareasfarasthedeploymentofMAZIzonesisconcerned.Ouronly interactionwithnon-FLOSSsoftwarewillbe thestudyof theexistingproprietary IntranetapplicationatKraftwerk1,which can giveusmany insights about the ICTneedsof the residents. If it is possiblewemightattemptsomeintegrationoftheMAZIapplicationtotheIntranet(e.g.,provideaccesstotheIntranetthroughtheMAZInodesorincludeintheIntranetaframewiththeoutputoftheMAZIapplication).

In terms of hardware, we will use open hardware to the extent that it can fulfil the basic performancerequirementsoftheMAZIzonesthatwewilldeploy.

>>Whichsoftware/hardwarecomponentsareyou(planningto)applying?

BERLIN

N/A

LONDON

Aswe are atMonth2of the community engagementprocesswe cannot yet confirmour final selection forMAZItoolkitprototypes.Howeverweareconsideringtheuseofthefollowing:

- Hardware:Androidphones,RaspberryPi,off-the-shelfenvironmentalsensors

- Software:PirateBox

Notethisisasampleandnotadefinitivelist.

Necessaryadjustments:

Androidphones: flashingandrooting toallow fullaccess to thehardwarecomponentsandcustomsoftwareinstallation.

Addition of sensors to Raspberry Pi’s or similar small format computers to enable environmental datacollection.

Environmentalhardeningofcasingtoenableoperationinallweatherconditions,potentiallysubmerged.

Autonomousoperationinpublicareasmeanswehavetoconsidertherisksoftheftorvandalism.

Equipmentislikelytobesitedawayfromeasyaccesstomainspowersoalternativepowerapproachesneedtobe considered: optimising systems to reduce power requirements, and running from batteries. Alternativepowergenerationsystemstobeconsiderede.g.solarpanel,windgenerators.

Development of interfaces to enable deployment, configuration, andmaintenanceby non-technical experts.





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Wecannotassumeouruserswillbehackersorengineers.

ZURICH

WewillstartwithacustomizedversionoftheHybridletterbox,connectedtoasimpleforumcollectingsuccessstoriesandfailuresintheeverydaylifeofKraftwerk1,aneasywayforKraftwerk1residentstocommunicatewiththeoutsideworldandtelltheirstory.Thenwewillproceedaccordingly.

>>Whichlearnings,componentsorprinciplesseemvaluableforinclusioninto/considerationforthedesignoftheMAZItoolkitatthispoint?

BERLIN

N/A

LONDON

Environmentalmonitoringhasemergedasatheme.Opendataapproachestostoringanddisseminatingdatato enable collected data to be reused by others, not necessarily related the original purpose (e.g.environmental river data becoming a resource for generating art pieces). A key theme emerging is thegathering of data to trigger conversations: so the primary technical activity might be quantitative datagathering(e.g.mappingradioactivity)whilethepurposemaybetheinitiationofconversationsthatthentakeplaceusingMAZItoolsorelsewhere(e.g.engagingneighbourhoodgroupsindebatearoundthedatathathasbeencollected, suchasunderstanding localenvironmentalconditionsandconsideringwhat responsesmightbemade).

Optimisingsystemsforlowpowerusage,andalternativepowergeneration.

Wecannotassumeouruserswillbehackersorengineerssosystemsmustbeabletobesetupandmaintainedbynon-expertswherepossibleforlongtermsustainability.

ZURICH

N/A

UserExperience

>>Howisthecurrentstateofyourpilots‘MAZIzoneperceivedbyusersinregardstocomprehensibility?

BERLIN

N/A

LONDON

Atthisstagewearestillbeginningtoengagewiththelocalpublicsandwedonothavedemonstrationtools,butarefocussingonexploringneighbourhoodchallengesandhowlocallydeployedandmanagednetworkedtechnologiesmightsupporttheresolutionofthesechallenges.

ZURICH

N/A

>>Whatare learningsandexperiences to implement into thedesignof the toolkit asbeingusedbynon-experts?

BERLIN

N/A

LONDON





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Potentialusersarelimitedin:technicalexpertise,time,andotherresources.Thetoolkitmustbeaccessibletonon-computerprofessionals,affordable,androbust.

ZURICH

N/A

Customization/PhysicalDesign

>>Whatarecurrentideas/optionsinregardstoframings,wording,visualization,physicalrepresentation?

BERLIN

Asaninitialprototypeandpointof inception,wewanttocreateatoolspreadingknowledgebetweenactorspresentwithin theNeighbourhoodAcademy.TheAcademyand its teachersare in theprivilegedpositionofnetworkers between different actors and initiatives, meeting and engaging with a diverse array of peopleworking on similar topics of the Academy. The Prinzessinnengarten as well, functions as a melting pot ofdifferentpeoplevisitingandexchangingwithoneanother. Following theecologicalprinciplesofagardener,where you cannot take out of the earthwithout putting something back in,wewant a tool to capture andbeacontheseencountersandmakethemaccessibletoothers.

Asitisnow,wehaveasetnumberofpeople,withintheNeighbourhoodAcademy,servingas“networkers”orleading receivers of information. This is a privileged position but also bears the burden of taking care andsharing this information. The networker also carries the role of editor of this information when she/hetransfersthisknowledgetoothers.TheMAZI-prototypewantstoconnecttothisexplicitfigure,givingatoolofbeaconing this information, allowing for the structuring of informatio, editing, archiving and sharing thisinformationinalow-thresholdmanner.

TheBerlin-pilot-MAZIwantsto:

- developananalogueritual/situatioforcollectinginformation

- developasemi-structuredinterviewguide

- developa#-tagging-systemforstructuringcollectedknowledge

- developinganinteractivewayofpresentation

findingasimplewayofbroadcastingselectedmaterial

LONDON

We are exploring metaphors to help with linking conceptualisations: our pilot study is likely to engage anumberofdifferentactorsthatarelinkedbytheirproximitytoandinteractionswithDeptfordCreekbuttheythemselveshaveverydifferentambitions.Conceptsexploredsofarare:

- Piercingtheveilofunknowing:gainingknowledge,andalsoalludingtothepresenceofinvisibleradiotransmissionsallaroundus

- Hydrarchy: the hierarchy of who has access to, and decisionmaking influence over a watercourse(DeptfordCreek)

- Anchorites: an analogy between religious hermits and the idea of ‘digital hermits’ within thecommunity who are only visible and connected via networked communications; also a doublemeaningwiththeanchorasasymbolrepresentingDeptford(aformerimportantportarea)

ZURICH

For now we have not any concrete ideas. Our current effort is to decompose the target knowledge intodifferentcategories(bootstrapping,finance,sharingspace,decision-making,legalissues,etc)thatwillmakeiteasierfrompeopletounderstandwhatweareexpectingfromthem.





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>>Howareyouproceedingwithuserdata?Howtransparentisthecollectionofdata?

BERLIN

Wedon'tplantorecorduserdata,likeprofileoractivityinformationofthereceivinguser,otherthanthemaininput (interviews)providedbythe interviewee.Themainobjectiveof theMAZI toolkit in thispilotwillbetoretrieveknowledge.Giventhattheinformationwecollectisonlyaccessibletothedevicesinitsproximity,wecreateahybridspaceina“protected”environment.

LONDON

We are recording interactions with potential user groups and reporting on the SPC blog. We have notimplementedtheMAZItookitsonootherdataisbeingcollectedasyet.

WearebeginningtheprocessofclearingthecollectionofdatathroughtheOpenUniversity’sHumanResearchEthicsCommitteeandwewillbeaskedtoclarifyourproceduresregardingdatacollectiontoensureweworkinaccordance with recognised academic and legal standards, e.g. British Educational Research Associationguidelines(https://www.bera.ac.uk/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/BERA-Ethical-Guidelines-2011.pdf)

ZURICH

We don't plan to record user data, like profile or activity information, other than themain input provided,whichwillbeaggregatedandvisualizedaccordingly.ThemainobjectiveoftheMAZItoolkitinthispilotwillbeto retrieve knowledge, and given that our pilot takes place in a “protected” environmentwewould like toexperimentwithradicalformsofanonymitytothisrespect.However,basedontheinteractionswiththeotherpilotswemightconsiderdeployingothertypesofMAZIzonesthatrecorduserdatainlaterstages.

>>Howcouldyour current considerations for yourpilotbe translated into templates tobeapplied in thetoolkit?

BERLIN

NA

LONDON

WearerecordingdatamatchedagainstprojectobjectivesandWorkPackageTasks.

WehavedevelopedaframeworkformappingcommunityrequestsagainstWP1Tasks.

ZURICH

Our current effort is on "engagementwith the community" and "setting the scene". If one could extract atemplate out of this process, this could be called "immersion", referring to a genuine and unconditionalengagementwiththecommunities'activities, something like the“insiderview”approach inethnography.AstheMAZImembershavedifferentdegreesofengagementinthecommunitiesinZurichnamelyNetHoodbeingactiveinNeNa1andINURAZurichInstitutemoreinKraftwek1,theycouldplayalternativerolesinthisprocessof “immersion”. For instance, an initial phase of the process is triangulation, or the connection betweenstrangers,andthenamoreadvancedphaseismediation,potentiallyleadingtoahigherdegreeofinvolvementascatalystsforcommunityaction.

III.Community

CommunityOutreachgeneralsituation(e.g.Actors/Stakeholders,Difficulties)

>>Howdoyouinvolvelocalactorsandcommunitiesintheprocessesofyourpilot?

BERLIN

The group involved at the first stage are experts working in the different initiatives/projects with localcommunities. Learning from their experiences gives all participants a better overview of some corerequirementsforMAZIcanbeextracted,tobethendeveloped inthefollowingstageswiththecommunities





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throughtheimplementationineachcase.

LONDON

Regular public engagement events: ‘MAZI-Mondays’ which are hosted by at a number of local places toencouragedifferentcommunitiestoattendandfindoutaboutMAZI.

UsingexistingnetworkofSPCcontactsintheDeptfordareatopromoteactivityanddrawininterest

‘Coldcalling’localactors/organisationswebelievewouldbesuitablecollaborators.

PromotionofactivitiesthroughSPCwebsiteblog.

Currentlydevelopingmailinglisttokeeppotentialparticipantsinformedofprogress.

ZURICH

Weactivelyparticipateinthelocalactivitiesandbecomeanintegralpartofthecommunitiesthatwewishtoengagewith,andfromthisstandpointwealsocontactotherrelevantlocalactors.

>>Howdoyouinvolveexternalresearchersandthewiderconsortiumintothepilot?

BERLIN

Besidesthedevelopmentofaninterdisciplinaryframeworkforcomparisonsandcross-fertilizationstrategiesofMAZIpilots,ageneraleventwiththewiderconsortiumwilltakeplaceinJulythe14thand15th,wherethecurrentstateoftheMAZIpilotwillbeintroduced.

LONDON

Public dissemination via SPC blog. Attendance at associated London-based events and promotion of MAZIwork.InthefutureweplantostartanOpenUniversityblog.Wearecollectingcontactdetailsforamailinglist.

UseofMAZIwebsite.

ZURICH

Weorganizeandparticipateinvariousevents,seminars,informalmeetingsandconferences,likethepanelon“Networking, comparing, and integrating urban commons initiatives in research and action” at the IASCRegionalConferenceinBern,May10-132016,ortheforthcoming5-dayworkshopintheGreekPavilionattheVeniceArchitectureBiennale,October25-30th(seealsoabove).

CommunityNeeds

>>Whatcommunityneedsarebeingidentified/havebeenfilteredouttoworkwithMAZI?

BERLIN

MAZI/berlinismomentarilybeingthoughtinthreedimensions:

1. AsservingthecommunityinplaceKnowledgehub/archive,toolfororganization,materialdatabaseetc.

2. AsatoolforknowledgeandcontentgenerationResearchtool,collaborationtool

3. AsaninterfacetotheoutsideOtherinitiatives,broaderneighborhood,externalworkshops,etc.Maketheinitiativesandtheirworkmorevisible.

LONDON

- Engagementwithlocalenvironment(wildlife,environmentalconditions).





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- Understanding of environmental conditions: concerns around Thames Tideway infrastructure project’senvironmentalimpact

- Dataasaresourceforwideruse,appropriationbyarangeofcommunities:datamaybecollectedforonepurposes then repurposes for use by others, e.g. environmental data then resused as a resource forgeneratingart.

- EngagementoflocalandschoolscommunitieswithDeptfordCreekZURICH

For Kraftwerk1: In relation to the outside world: Communication, networking, leverage, exposure,disseminationofideas;Inrelationtotheinternallife:Socialintegration,livingtogether,conviviality

ForNeNa1:Attractnewmembers,establishsharedvaluesforfutureco-living

ForGreekteams:Createprocessesthatcanengagepeopleinactivitiesthatcanprovidesolutionstotheeconomic,political,andsocialcrisis

>>Howweretheydeterminedasbeinggroundedinreallife/specificcommunitysettings?

BERLIN

A first group of needs has been extracted from the two workshops concluded so far with the differentinitiatives. The needs arise from their experience in a long trajectory of work with specific communities inBerlin.

LONDON

Conversations with local organisations and individuals (Creekside Education Trust, Redstart Arts, theMinesweeperCollective)andthroughMAZI-Mondaygatherings.Conversationareongoingwithothergroupsbeingidentified.

ZURICH

Throughactiveengagementandrelatedtheoretical/archivalresearch.

>>Whichcommunityspecificconstraintsareyouexperiencinginyourpilot?

BERLIN

All initiatives are bound to the limitation of time, lack of economic resources, limitations of voluntarycommitmentandthesignificantpoliticalpressurethatunderlinestheirday-to-daywork.TheseconstraintswillalwaysbetheboundariesoftheimplementationofMAZIwithintheinitiatives.Takingthisaspectintoaccountineverystepofthewaywillbevitalforthesustainabilityoftheprojectimplementation.

LONDON

Limitedtimeforpeopletoattendevents,orcommittocollaborations.‘Researchfatigue’warinessofengagingwitharesearchprojectthatmaynotleadtopositiveoutcomes.

ZURICH

Languagebarriers,limitationsintimeavailabilityandvoluntarywork.

ExpectationManagement/GoalSetting:Howareexpectationstowardsthepilotdeveloping?

>>WhatareexpectationstowardsMAZIbythelocalcommunity?

BERLIN

ThereisanoverallcuriosityaboutMAZIanditspotentialasanaddedvalueforthecommunity.Amotivatingeffect has been the deep interest of the political approach of the project – community ownership oftechnologicaldevelopment,communityowneddata,DIYtechnologyandself-organizations.Theseaspectshave





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quickly been linked to the political visions of many of the initiatives when speaking of community ownedhousing,self-sufficiencyandcommunityorganizingaroundsharedissues.Thelocation-basedqualityofMAZIisanfacetthatengagesthecommunitymemberswehaveinteractedwithsinceitstressestheimportanceofthelocal.

TheconcreateexpectationsofMAZIaretooearlytobeassessed.WhatiscleareriswhatMAZIshouldnotbe:atechnologicalgimmick,aworkinglayeron-topofanalreadystrenuousworkingsituations,ameansforitself.

TheexpectationofthefirstprototypeintheNeigborhoodAcademyisstructuralimprovementduetotechnicalsupport, a specific working tool to collect and spread information, make interactions with differentneigborhoodsintheAcademyvisible,lightentheburdenofthefigureofthe“networker”.

LONDON

HighprestigeasEUfunded:expectationofsignificantresourcingandexpertise

Technicalexpertisethatmayresolvelocalchallenges

Provisionofequipmentandongoingmaintenance

Academicexpertisethatmayhelpresolvelocalchallenges,e.g.aroundevaluation

ZURICH

N/A

>>Howdotheyrelatetoyourteam‘sexpectations?

BERLIN

Wearemotivatedby the interestof the community, see it as importantnot to createexpectations thatwecannotmeetwithintheproject.

The commonpolitical interest surpassesour expectations and is anunexpected commongroundwithotherinitiativesthatcanbethegrowinggroundforfurtherprototypesandjointactivitieswithintheproject.

LONDON

Doesnotcompletelyalignwithourambitions:rather,weseektocollaborateonimplementationsofnetworkedtechnologiesthatwillbecustomised,maintained,anddevelopedbylocalgroupsthemselves,withsomeinitialresourcingandsupportbytheMAZIteam.Ourgoalistoreachapointwherecollaboratorstakeonthesystemsthemselves and independently interact with other similar groups (e.g. participants in otherMAZI locations)withouttheinterventionorsupportoftheMAZIprojectpartners.

ZURICH

N/A

>>Howdoyousetanddiscussgoalswiththelocalcommunities?

BERLIN

Through re-occurring workshops with key community leaders and a close integration of partners into thedisseminationofourresultsandactivities.WekeeptheprocesscloselycuratedbytheBerlin-Teamtocreateaspaceoftrustandaspiritofco-working.Thisprocesscanbeopenedatalaterstage.

LONDON

MAZI-Mondays, and through arranging individual meetings with each group.We are considering additionalmechanisms and thesewill emerge as the project develops,we look to other teams inMAZI through crossfertilizationactivitiesforexamplesofbestpractice.

ZURICH





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Engagingintheiractivities

>>Whatarethetop-3goalsforyourpilot?

BERLIN

- Toaddressrealneedsandrespectspecificconstraintsoflocalcommunities

- Toproduceeasilyreplicableprocesses

- Tosetrealisticgoalsthatreflecttheneedsofcitizensandlocalcommunities

LONDON

- Helping local communities articulate their own challenges andworkwith them to apply networkedtechnologies that can support the resolution of these issues, that they will maintain and developthemselveswithout the need forMAZI partner support, overmonths or years, independently fromMAZI.

- By improving understanding and encouraging playful and imaginative uses for informationaccumulatedlocally,wehopetodemonstrateitsvalueforawiderangeonenvironmentalandculturalapplicationsintheneighbourhoodsoconditionscanbereportedmorewidelyandeffectively.

- Toforgelinksbetweenneighbourhoodgroupsandindividuals,extendingunderstandingofhowsharedinformationcanimpactonsustainabilityofrespectiveinitiativesandcommongood.

- TodrawoninsightsderivedfromtheMAZIframework(D3.5)toinformthedevelopmentofourpilotwork.

ZURICH

- Knowledgetransfer

- Socialintegration

- Collectiveaction

Ownership

>>Howdoyoudealwithowner-/authorshipinyourpilot?Whoisandwhofeelsresponsible?

BERLIN

AlthoughweseetheMAZIasacollectiveproject,wehavetorespectthefactthattherearedifferentrolesandresponsibilities within the project. The Berlin-Team,made up of UDK and common grounds, have a strongcuratinganddecision-makingrole.Wemakethisexplicitandtransparent inourworkwithcommunities.Thecommunity initiativesandotheractors invited intothisprocessarecollaborativethinkersandarevital intheformingof theprojectand its results. Theownershipof theMAZIwillprobably liewith theactualuserandcarer for the same. Thiswill first and foremost be the Neighborhood Academy and its teachers in the firstpilotingphase.

LONDON

Wehaveonlyreachedtheinitialconversationstageofourengagementbutareclearinconversationsthatweseekownershiptoresidewithinparticipatinggroupsandindividuals.Ourgoalistoestablishrelationshipsthatenableownershiptomovetothe localparticipatinggroups.WithintheCreeknetteam(OUandSPC)there iscomplementaryexpertiseandweseektoworktogethertoprovideaunifiedauthorship.

ZURICH

Wedecidedtoavoidbringinguptheissueofauthorshipbutparticipateasequalsinthelocalactivitiesbutalsointheknowledgetransferprocessthatweareputtingforwardasacollectiveproject.





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>>Whatareissuesinregardstotrustandsenseofownershipwithlocalcommunities?

BERLIN

N/A

LONDON

ConcernbylocalgroupsoverwhethertheywillhavetheexpertisetotakeownershipofMAZItoolkits,concernovertheresourceoverheadinvolved(time,money,developmentandmaintenanceofexpertise).Weareatanearlystagesotheseissueshavenotsurfacedindetail.

ZURICH

Ingeneral, thebiggest issue is theperceived imbalanceofmotivationsanddegreesofcommitment,andthetreatmentoftechnologyasanendratherthanasameans.

IV.Individualcriteriaforsuccess

>>Whatarecriteriaofsuccessparticulartoyourpilotthatarenotyetlistedinthisquestionnaire?

BERLIN

- TheMAZIbecomesaworkingtoolusedintheevery-dayoftheNeighborhoodAcademy,

- ThecontentgeneratedbyandfortheMAZIgrowsorganically

- The awareness raising and capacity building around the topic of DIY Networks, ownership oftechnology/data,self-organizeddigitalnetworksasanadditionallayerofperceptionwhenitcomestotheworkforarighttothecity

- AnengagementandopennessofotherinitiativestoreproduceordevelopownMAZIs

LONDON

- TowhatextentaretheMAZI toolkit interventionsmaintainedbythegroupsthemselvesrather thanMAZIteammember?(sustainabilityfocus)

- WhatimpacthastheMAZItoolkithadonthecollaboratinggroup’sownmeasuresofsuccess?

- ConsideringtowhatextentwemeetcriteriaidentifiedinD3.1,D3.2andD3.5MAZIresearchwork

ZURICH

Bootstrapping of new cooperative housing initiatives outside Zurich, inspired by our knowledge transferprocess and/or building links between residents of existing cooperatives andmembers of new initiatives inZurich(e.g.,betweenKraftwerk1andNeNa1)





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4. Discussion

4.1 Conclusions

This very first “trial” of the questionnaire as a central element in the framework for interdisciplinarycomparisonalreadyprovidesuswithaninterestingresourcefordiscussionandmutuallearning.Whileitistooearlyfortherespectivepilotstodeliveranswerstoeachoftheobjective‘ssetofquestions,we,forexample,learnfromeachothersframingsastheydevelopedwithinthelastcoupleofmonths:Allthreepilotstakeplacewithin the context of socio-economical and ecological developments connected to the nexus of housing,privatizationandtherighttotakepartintheshapingofthecity.However,welearnaboutstarkdifferencesinregardstothepilot’srespectivecommunities‘positionintheseprocesses:WhereasthegroupsinvolvedintheBerlin area focus on how to learn about the processes and relevant ideas from one another, the team inDeptfordaimsatmakingconnectionsandcreatingmeaninginasituationofimmediateandrapidchange.TheteaminZurichhoweverissituatedinawell-workingalternativetothedevelopmentsthecommunitiesofthetwootherpilotsarefacingasthreads.Here,thegoalseemstobetotransporttheknowledgegeneratedintheprocessofgainingthispositiontoothercontexts,whereitismuchneeded.

We also learn about the challenges and strategies in regards to community outreach, on which all threedescribedpilotsfocusdecisivelyoninordertobecomeactivepartsoftheircontextualsettings.Wecanstartcomparinghowthepartnersdifferoralign intheirattemptstounderstandingthelocalsetting, in identifyingrelevantactors,inreachingouttothemandbringingthemonthetableaswellasingainingaleveloftrustinthesocialenvironmentthatenablestheteamstocreateworkthatisconsequentlygroundedintherespectivecommunitieslife-worlds.Firstalignmentsintermsofmethodologicalapproachestothis,forexample,seemtobe:

• IntroductionsofMAZItogroupsandsub-groups• Workshopsorregularmeetings(suchasLondon‘s“MAZIMondays”)forlearningaboutissuesonthe

ground&sensitizingcommunitiesfortechnological“thinking”• Workshopsforco-creationandparticipatoryideation/design• Becoming“part”ofthecommunity,engagingwiththeindividualsandgroupsoutsidetheMAZI

frameworkinordertoenablethecollaborationwithinit

These approaches are of course grounded in different realities, however tell us about challenges that occuracross the projects initiation phase, for example the asymmetry in resources such as timeor funding and ageneral sense of “research fatigue” within communities that are getting used to being a “subject” toresearchers. It will be very helpful for the projects learning process towards the design of the toolkit toexchangeideasonthesechallenges,tolearnfromeachotherandone‘sownmistakesandsuccessstories,andtosystematicallyfindmutualwaysthroughtheseandotherproblems.

In regards to the communities themselves, however, we can already find indications of a “spreading” ofsubjects,suggestingthatengagingwithonecommunityinmostcasesmeanstheengagementwithaparticularecosystem of communities, groups and individuals that act as stakeholder in the chosen environment.Consequently,theneedsidentifiedbythepartnersintheirrespectiveprocessessofarcoverawiderange:frommore concrete visions of collaboration and organization to wider concepts around conviviality, from ideasabout how to generate, collect and transfer knowledge to efforts in connecting city dwellers to naturalenvironmentsanditshazards,fromshowcasingandtransferringknowledgefromsuccessstoriestotheoutsidetoenablingotherstoapplythisknowledgeinrespondingtotheirenvironmentincrisis.

While these initial examples mostly regard to the consortium‘s effort towards “setting the scene” on theground,weexpect this frameworktosupportus incollectivelygeneratingalsotheoperationalandtechnicalknowledgeandtherespectiveideasneededtosuccessfullyengagewiththedifferentcommunitiesincreatingDIYnetworkingframeworksthatarebasedonandansweringtothecommunity‘sneeds.





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4.2 NextSteps

This is thefirstversionof the interdisciplinary frameworkforcomparisonacrossthedifferentpilotsofMAZI,andwillbedevelopedastheprojectanditsconstitutingpilotsareprogressing.Aselaboratedinsection1.1ofthisdocument,MAZIisunderstoodasatransdisciplinaryprojectbytheconsortium.Hence,ourmethodologystartswiththeuseof"everydaylanguage",asillustratedinthequestionnaires,inordertoallowthepilotstodevelopinanaturalandbottom-upwayandtoavoidintimidatingoralienatingthenon-academicpartnersandthe communities connected to them, before pushing for integration towards the development of theMAZItoolkit.Thematerialgatheredinthisdeliverablewillprovidegroundsfor initialanalyses,aimingatextractingusefulinformationaboutthecontextofthedifferentpilotsandthelanguages,discoursesandmodioperantiofthepartnersincharge.

While these initial examples mostly regard to the consortium‘s effort towards “setting the scene” on theground,weexpect this frameworktosupportus incollectivelygeneratingalsotheoperationalandtechnicalknowledgeandtherespectiveideasneededtosuccessfullyengagewiththedifferentcommunitiesincreatingDIYnetworkingframeworksthatarebasedonandansweringtothecommunity‘sneeds.





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Documents

ICT - Information and Communication Technologies€¦ · ICT - Information and Communication Technologies Project Acronym: MAZI Project Full Title: A DIY networking toolkit for location-based