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GLOBAL EDUCATION & LINKAGES. ICT for Education. An Overview. Prepared by Kelvin K. Omieno. Overview. ICTs in Education – Dilemmas and Realities Role and Nature of ICTs in Education Potential of ICTs From Potential to Effectiveness. Decision Maker. Dilemmas. Realities. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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ICT for EducationAn Overview
Prepared by
Kelvin K. Omieno
GLOBAL EDUCATION & LINKAGES
Overview
ICTs in Education – Dilemmas and Realities
Role and Nature of ICTs in Education Potential of ICTs From Potential to Effectiveness
Dilemmas
Qs about Value of ICTs
Myths
Pressures
•Belief
•Doubt
•Wait
•Belief
•Doubt
•Wait
•Monolithic
•Automatic
•Computers
•Substitute
•Monolithic
•Automatic
•Computers
•Substitute
•Vendors
•Parents
•Business
•Techies
•Vendors
•Parents
•Business
•Techies
Realities
Analyze Educational objectives
Determine Objective for ICT
Understand Potential of ICTs
Examine suitability of ICTs
Plan program of investment
Implement prerequisites and corequisites
Evaluate and adjust continuously
Decision
Maker
Necessity of ICTs
•Globalization of •Economy•Information
• Tech Innovations• Knowledge-based
•Economy•Society
•Escalating Demand for Education
Effective Learning
For All
Anytime
Anywhere
ICTs for Learning Objectives
Learning Objective Technology
Text Audio Video Computer
Internet
Storage or display x x x x x
Exploration x x x x x
Application x x x
Analysis x x
Evaluation x x x x x
Constructing or design of project
x x x
ICTs for What Purpose
ICTs for What PurposeICTs for Teaching Objectives
Teaching Objective Technology
Text Audio Video Computer
Internet
Presentation x x x x x
Demonstration x x x x x
Drill and practice x (e.g., Language lab)
x x
Animation and simulation x x
Research x x x x x
Collaboration/ communication networked
x
Management of student learning
x x x
ICTs and the SchoolTechnologies on Location Technologies at a Distance
Printed matter Correspondence
Slides, transparencies
Scanners
Digital notepads and white boards
Audiotapes Radio
Films and videos TV broadcasts
Digital books Web pages
CDs Web: Internet, intranet
Computer projection Webcast
ICTs for What Purpose
PotentialOf
ICTs
Access
Efficiency
Learning
Teaching
Skill Formation
LifelongLearning
Planning &Management
Community Linkages
Potential: 1. Expanding Educational Opportunities
• Radio Broadcast• Interactive Radio Instruction• Television• Virtual Schools• Virtual Universities
Potential: 2. Increasing Efficiency
Issues Dual Shift Systems Multigrade Schools Small Urban or Rural
Schools Flexibility in
Learning Schedule
Solutions Broadcast Radio Interactive
Radio Educational TV Virtual Online
Courses
Potential: 3. Enhancing Quality of Learning
Potential• Motivate and engage learners• Bring life to concepts and
processes• Foster inquiry• Provide flexibility• Allow application of information• Provide access to world of
information• Bring the world into the classroom• Offer collaborative opportunities
and communication• Offer tutored and individualized
learning
Solutions• Radio and TV• Multimedia Learning
Modules• Virtual Labs• Connecting to the
Worlds• Designing and Creating
Things
Potential: 4. Enhancing Quality of Teaching
Issues• Difficult Profession• No One-Shot
Training• Continuum
Initial Training Lifelong Upgrading Connecting
Solutions• Multimedia Training
and Support System• Training Videos• Teacher
Development Portal• Internet Resources
for Teachers
Potential: 5. Facilitating Skill Formation
• New Workplace Realities
• E-Training Just-in-Time Convenient Place Up-to-Pate User-centric
Solutions Simulations Competency-based
multi-media Video and
Interactive media Workplace Training
Potential: 6. Sustaining Lifelong Learning
Issues Workers need to learn
new skills Modern societies
demand constant updating
The “educated” can become obsolete
Life-cycle pattern is changing
Solutions Radio and TV Multimedia Packages Online Courses Open Universities “Third Age”
Universities
Potential: 7. Improving Policy Planning & Management
• Management of Institutions and Systems– School: Admissions, student flow, personnel,
staff development, facilities…– System: School mapping, personnel payroll, MIS,
communication, information, . . .
• Management of Policy Making– Storage and analysis of data– Construction and assessment of policy scenarios– Tracer studies and tracking systems
Potential: 8. Advancing Community Linkages
Growth in ICT Access
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003
Main telephone lines (millions) Mobile cellular subscribers (millions) Personal computers (millions) Internet users (millions)
Millions
Potential: 8. Advancing Community Linkages
Telephones, Cellular phones and PCs per 1,000 inhabitants
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
Africa America w/o US& Canada
US and Canada Asia Europe Oceania WORLD
Telephone subscribers/100 Inhabitants
Cellular subscribers/100 Inhabitants
PCs/100 inhabitants
Potential: 8. Advancing Community Linkages
Internet hosts and users per 10,000 inhabitants
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
Africa America w/o US
& Canada
US and Canada Asia Europe Oceania WORLD
Internet Hosts/10,000inhabitants
Internet Users/10,000 inhabitants
Potential: 8. Advancing Community Linkages
• ICT access varies within countries• Disparities is magnified by gender factor• ICT access contributes to escape from poverty• ICT access for all requires attention to
– Infrastructure– Cost– Laws and regulations
Radio Stations and Receivers
DigitalSatelliteRadio
Crank Radio
Crank/SolarRadio
Suitcase Radio Station
Telecenters
Women-Friendly Telecenters
• Within accepted culture; fosters harmony• Women do not have to travel far• Center meets needs of men and women• No childcare problem• Space is roomy and provides privacy• Staff is well integrated
PrerequisitesCorequisites
Potential
Effectiveness
From Potential to Effectiveness
1. Educational Policy2. Approach to ICTs3. Infrastructure4. ICT-Enhanced Content5. Committed and Trained Personnel6. Financial Resources 7. Integration8. Piloting and Evaluation
Conclusion
• To Tech or not to Tech Education
• ICT ――►Education More Effective and Responsive
ICTs
X
“We do not think anymore of the spectacle of printing every time we read a book, the phenomenon of TV every time we watch a movie, or the miracle of the telephone every time we make a call.
The ultimate success of ICTs for learning will be attained when we stop marveling about the ICTs and apply our minds and emotions to the wonders of learning.”
The End
Levels of ICTs
Constructing or design of
Project
Evaluation
Analysis
Application
Exploration
Storage or display
Passive ACTIVE
LEARNER’S ROLE
Levels of ICTs for Different Learning Objectives and Roles of Learners
LEARNING OBJECTIVE
Levels of ICTs for Different Teaching Uses and Roles of Teachers
Levels of ICTs
Management of Student
Learning
Collaboration/Communicatio
n
Research
Animation/ Simulation
Drill & Practice
Demonstration
Presentation
Provider Facilitator
TEACHER’S ROLE
TEACHING OBJECTIVE
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Infrastructure
Namibia SchoolnetPedal Power
Generator
Solar Energy
Wind Power Generator
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5. Costing and Budgeting
Total Cost of Ownership Acquisition - hardware and software Installation and configuration Connectivity Maintenance : 15-20% of initial investment Supplies: 8-10% Utilities: 4-8% Computer training 5-10% Retrofitting of physical facilities replacement costs (5-7 years)
Additional Costs Acquisition and creation of content materials Orientation and training of staff Testing, evaluation and adjustment
31-48%
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