ICT AND EDUCATION IN INDONESIA By: Paulina Pannen (IOU)

020609020609 ICT in EducICT in Educ 11

ICT AND EDUCATION ICT AND EDUCATION IN INDONESIAIN INDONESIABy: Paulina Pannen (IOU)By: Paulina Pannen (IOU)

The Philosophy and the PraxisThe Philosophy and the Praxis

The Reality and the PromiseThe Reality and the Promise


ICT in EducationICT in EducationThe General PolicyThe General Policy

– 2006 Strategic Plan of MONE2006 Strategic Plan of MONE ICT is perceived to be strategic tools ICT is perceived to be strategic tools

– to bridge disparity of quality education across to bridge disparity of quality education across geographical areas in Indonesia, geographical areas in Indonesia,

– to open access and ensure equity, and to open access and ensure equity, and – to support the growth of knowledge-based Indonesian to support the growth of knowledge-based Indonesian

society with competitiveness towards globalization society with competitiveness towards globalization

computer literacy (access, computer and internet computer literacy (access, computer and internet skills) rate skills) rate

– among lecturers and students in higher education in among lecturers and students in higher education in the year 2009 is expected to be 80% and 50%, the year 2009 is expected to be 80% and 50%, respectively. respectively.

– At the school level, 65% teachers use computers, 20% At the school level, 65% teachers use computers, 20% write module, 10% web-based contentwrite module, 10% web-based content

the use of ICT for improving and developing the use of ICT for improving and developing instructional competency of teachers: one of the instructional competency of teachers: one of the program in improving educational quality and program in improving educational quality and relevance of teacher education in Indonesia. relevance of teacher education in Indonesia.


ICT: current conditionICT: current condition Access to Internet: internet cafés, offices, Access to Internet: internet cafés, offices,

homes, schools and universitieshomes, schools and universities

Infrastructure: 50% of 72,000 villages no Infrastructure: 50% of 72,000 villages no telecommunication connection yettelecommunication connection yet

2,500 educational institutions are Internet 2,500 educational institutions are Internet users, 80% are secondary schools and 20% users, 80% are secondary schools and 20% are higher education institutions. are higher education institutions.

2006: INHERENT – 87 HEIs (from 2864 HEIs) 2006: INHERENT – 87 HEIs (from 2864 HEIs) are connectedare connected

2007: Jardiknas – ICT Center 277, MONE 2007: Jardiknas – ICT Center 277, MONE District Offices 474District Offices 474

National network infrastructure provided by National network infrastructure provided by the TELKOM (state owned plc)the TELKOM (state owned plc)– Combining terrestrial and satellite Combining terrestrial and satellite

connectionsconnections– Terrestrial: optical fiber, copper, digital Terrestrial: optical fiber, copper, digital

micro wave; (wireless and on-wire)micro wave; (wireless and on-wire)

YearYear Internet Internet user user

(Indonesia(Indonesia))

19981998 512.00512.0000

19991999 1.000.01.000.00000

20002000 1.900.01.900.00000

20012001 4.200.04.200.00000

20022002 4.500.04.500.00000

20032003 8.080.58.080.53434

20042004 11.226.1411.226.1433

20052005 16.000.0016.000.0000

20062006 18.000.0018.000.0000


ICT in EducationICT in Education

PolicyPolicy– National ICT Council - chaired by National ICT Council - chaired by

the President (executive chairperson the President (executive chairperson is the Minister of COMINFO)is the Minister of COMINFO) Basic Strategies:Basic Strategies:

– ICT for education quality and accessICT for education quality and access– ICT for public services efficiency & ICT for public services efficiency &

transparency transparency – ICT for business sectors performanceICT for business sectors performance



NoNo..

PillarsPillars ICT Strategic roleICT Strategic role

1. 1. AccessAccess As media of learning across time and space As media of learning across time and space (open and distance learning):(open and distance learning):

Development of Jardiknas – National Development of Jardiknas – National Education NetworkEducation Network

Development of INHERENT – Indonesian Development of INHERENT – Indonesian Higher Education and Research NetworkHigher Education and Research Network

Development of TV-edukasi broadcasting Development of TV-edukasi broadcasting system and distributionsystem and distribution

3.3. GovernanGovernance, ce, AccountaAccountability and bility and Public Public ImageImage

Management of Integrated Information Management of Integrated Information SystemSystem

MONE Management of Information SystemMONE Management of Information System National Identification for schools, National Identification for schools,

teachers, and studentsteachers, and students National Education DatabaseNational Education Database Decision Support System Decision Support System



No.No. PillarsPillars ICT Strategic roleICT Strategic role

2.2. Quality, Quality, relevance, relevance, and and competitive- competitive- nessness

Implemented in the instructional (teaching Implemented in the instructional (teaching and learning) process:and learning) process:

TV-EdukasiTV-Edukasi Edukasi.NetEdukasi.Net E-bookE-book E-learning materials for schools and non-E-learning materials for schools and non-

formal educationformal education E-learning in Higher EducationE-learning in Higher Education

o E-learning content (GDLN, etc.)E-learning content (GDLN, etc.)o E-evaluation (EPSBED)E-evaluation (EPSBED)o Transborder Research and Education Transborder Research and Education

(SOI, AUN)(SOI, AUN)o Digital LibraryDigital Libraryo E-administrationE-administrationo Virtual LaboratoryVirtual Laboratoryo Video conferencingVideo conferencingo Open and Distance LearningOpen and Distance Learning



Master ICT Plan

(Schools & NF)

Collaborative

Effort

Focused Areas

Curriculum

Integration

Targets

First introduced- end 1990Establishment of School 2000 Project (2001-2005)

2008: 25% of teachers use computers, 10% build module

2010 : 65% teachers use computers, 20% build module, 10% web-based content

Infrastructure Budget Uneven ICT

Distribution

Implementation Constraints

Still in Senior High and Vocational SchoolsMore of application Eventually, teachers can managed DL to reach more masses

Allocation inadequateNot all schools have implemented ICT

Lack of awareness of decision or policy makers on benefits of ICTReluctance on adoptionLack of ICT policy implementers

Rural schools have much lack in all aspects: ICT for administration, for teaching learning, low band-width, etc

Ministry of National Education (MNE)Indonesian Telematics Coordinating Team (TKTI)Private Sector

Gradual assimilation beginning with High Schools More of ICT as a subjectHowever efforts to integrate are being made

Others English Language Lack of Training

New programs:Internet goes to schoolVendors program: microsoft, intel, cisco, acer, etc. OSOL

High cost of Internet AccessUnreliable dial-up connection Only 3 in 100 people have telephone linesLack of sufficient band-width



ICT in EducationICT in Education Higher EducationHigher Education

– 2001, DGHE-MONE: Higher Education Strategies 2001, DGHE-MONE: Higher Education Strategies for ICT Development - guidelines for higher for ICT Development - guidelines for higher education institutions to initiate and develop ICT education institutions to initiate and develop ICT for the purpose of improving quality of education for the purpose of improving quality of education in their individual institutions. in their individual institutions.

– 2003 Higher Education Long Term Strategies 2003 Higher Education Long Term Strategies 2003-2010 (article 59): “The advancement of 2003-2010 (article 59): “The advancement of information and communication technology have information and communication technology have brought a variety of new schemes in carrying out brought a variety of new schemes in carrying out education process. In this regard, the DGHE as education process. In this regard, the DGHE as well as individual institution should prioritize the well as individual institution should prioritize the provision of ICT infrastructure to develop such provision of ICT infrastructure to develop such capacity”. capacity”.


ICT in Education: JardiknasICT in Education: Jardiknas

Jardiknas configurationJardiknas configuration



Jardiknas configurationJardiknas configuration

Sekolah

Sekolah

SekolahSekolahSekolah

Satelit / TransponderInternet

Parabola TV Edukasi

ParabolaInternet

ICT Center Sekolah

Hotspot



KP

DLI

BDL

MO

PGL

PAL

SPT

PLK

TAR

SBS

TGT

BTM

MTR

PRE

SMR

SINGAPORE

BJM

MKS

TJN

BMA

to Songkhla (TIS)

PRG

SGT

TOW

KTB

BTG

BTR

SDH S-U-B Submarine

PDH S-U-B Submarine

Dmi-BtmSubmarine

CKPJKT

SLO BDG

CRB

PWTJR

PKL

YK ML

SM

SB

BW

MN

LSM

BNA

DSM

PG

PD

MELAKADMI

BN

MDN

JB

PBRBKT

MALAYSIA

DWDM HPBB Sumatera

SDH MicrowaveTJP-PG

PTK

SDH Ptk-TjnSubmarine

PKB

BPPEE Cross KalSDH Microwave

Cross KalPDH Microwave

TMB

BYB

GTL

MKWPAR - MOSDH Microwave

Trans SulPDH Microwave

LWK

DPR

NUSRAPDH Microwave

PDH MicrowaveTransum-1 & Crossum

DMCSSubmarine

JABALPDH Microwave

SDH NR & SR Jawa

Java Expand DWDM Optical Fiber

T-21 Optical Fiber

KDI

TELKOM 1 TELKOM 2



Jardiknas nodes Jardiknas nodes (2007)(2007)

Intranet Diknas Propinsi (Provinces) 34 NodeIntranet Diknas Kota/Kab (Districts) 462 NodeIntranet Unit Depdiknas (MONE) 119 NodeIntranet SKB (Learning Activity Center) 66 NodeIntranet Library dan National Museum 30 NodeIntranet ICT Center 440 NodeIntranet Campus Zone 300 NodeTotal 1.451 Node



Jardiknas programJardiknas program • Video Conference SystemVideo Conference System• Data Center (National School, Data Center (National School,

Students, Teachers number)Students, Teachers number)• Content: game online, digital Content: game online, digital

library, VOD, TV-edukasi, library, VOD, TV-edukasi, edukasi.netedukasi.net

• Web HostingWeb Hosting• Colocation ServerColocation Server• Akses Internet (up to 150 Mbps).Akses Internet (up to 150 Mbps).• Layanan Email (1 GB Mailbox – Layanan Email (1 GB Mailbox –

[email protected]@diknas.go.id))• Call Center & Helpdesk ServicesCall Center & Helpdesk Services


ICT in Education: INHERENTICT in Education: INHERENT

UNSYAH

USU

UNRIUNIB

UNANDUNJA UNSRI

UNLAM

UNTIRTA

UT

DGHE

UI

ITBUGM

UNDIPITS

UB

UNUD

UNRAM

UNC

UNHAS

UNHALUUNLAM

UNMULUNG

UNSRAT

UNPATI

UNKHAIRUNTAD

UNPAR

UNTAN

UNIPA

UNCEN

155 Mbps8 Mbps

1 Mbps (redundant link)2 Mbps


ICT in Education: INHERENTICT in Education: INHERENT Indonesian Higher Education Network Indonesian Higher Education Network

– Established in 2006 as the main backbone for Established in 2006 as the main backbone for Indonesian UniversitiesIndonesian Universities

– Comprises 32 local nodes (resided at major universities Comprises 32 local nodes (resided at major universities in each Province). in each Province).

– Each local node serves as the main hub connecting the Each local node serves as the main hub connecting the surrounding universitiessurrounding universities

– 2007: 150 HEIs are connected and actively participates2007: 150 HEIs are connected and actively participates

Aim: to improve higher education quality Aim: to improve higher education quality through:through:– application of ICT in HE learning and managementapplication of ICT in HE learning and management– improvement of networking and resource sharing improvement of networking and resource sharing

among HEIsamong HEIs– promoting innovative development in ICT applicationspromoting innovative development in ICT applications


ICT in Education: INHERENTICT in Education: INHERENT INHERENT program:INHERENT program:

– Video-conferencingVideo-conferencing Coordination meeting, information dissemination, Coordination meeting, information dissemination,

seminar, workshop, trainingseminar, workshop, training

– Distance learningDistance learning Blended learning to full-fledge e-learningBlended learning to full-fledge e-learning Remote laboratory workRemote laboratory work

– Locally made application systems for academic Locally made application systems for academic and administration (open sources) in various HEIsand administration (open sources) in various HEIs Learning management systemLearning management system Knowledge management systemKnowledge management system E-library service systemE-library service system MIS for university academic and resources management MIS for university academic and resources management

systemsystem Grid computing initiatives for research Grid computing initiatives for research Utilizing the computing powers already connected to Utilizing the computing powers already connected to

InherentInherent


COMMUNITY TELECENTER (CTC)

Sample Program: Sample Program: Pe-PP: Partnership for e-Prosperity for the PoorPe-PP: Partnership for e-Prosperity for the Poor

UNDP Project (in collaboration with UNDP Project (in collaboration with National Planning Agency, Indonesia)National Planning Agency, Indonesia)

Program: Program:

socioeconomic education health

AgricultureFisheriesFarmingProductionMarketing

Teaching Clinics(online)

tele-medicine

www.Klinikpembelajaran.com


Pe-PP: Pe-PP: Partnership for e-Prosperity Partnership for e-Prosperity

for the Poorfor the Poor

Teaching ClinicsTeaching Clinics– For teachers in remote areas For teachers in remote areas

(professional development): (professional development): teachers forum and Q&A, teachers forum and Q&A, other pedagogical matters: other pedagogical matters: CAR, Supervision, etc. CAR, Supervision, etc.

– For public: how to use For public: how to use internetinternet


Lessons LearnedLessons Learned

Policy and modelling Policy and modelling Collaboration (networking) and Collaboration (networking) and

logistical & administrative logistical & administrative consequencesconsequences

Infrastructure, hardware, Infrastructure, hardware, content/program, humanware, and content/program, humanware, and utilization (added values)utilization (added values)

Sustainability of the projectSustainability of the project


Thank you for your kind attention

Documents

ICT AND EDUCATION IN INDONESIA By: Paulina Pannen (IOU)