ICIST 2014 Proceedings

8/10/2019 ICIST 2014 Proceedings

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ICIST 20144thInternational Conference on

Information Society and Technology

Proceedings

Publisher: Society for Information Systems and Computer Networks

Editors: Zdravkovi, M., Trajanovi, M., Konjovi, Z.

ISBN:978-86-85525-14-8

Issued in Belgrade, Serbia, 2014.

Print run: 100 pieces

PrintingbyPC centar Magus, Zrenjanin


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4TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION SOCIETY AND TECHNOLOGY

(ICIST 2014)

TOWARDS THE INTEROPERABLE, HYPER-

CONNECTED WORLD: A FOREWORD TO THEPROCEEDINGS OF THE 4TH INTERNATIONAL

CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION SOCIETY ANDTECHNOLOGY

Milan ZdravkoviFaculty of Mechanical Engineering in Ni,University of Ni, Ni, Serbia

1Miroslav TrajanoviFaculty of Technical Sciences, University ofNovi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia

Zora KonjoviFaculty of Technical Sciences, University ofNovi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia

VOLUME 1: REGULAR PAPERS

BUSINESS PROCESSES MODELLING AND MANAGEMENT

1BUSINESS REQUIREMENT NEGOTIATION BASED ONGENERALIZED REQUIREMENT APPROACH

Aleksandar Bulaji LANB, Denmark 4

2

THE CONCEPT OF THE INFORMATION SYSTEM FORMANAGING BUSINESS PROCESSES OF DESIGNING

AND MANUFACTURING OF OSTEOFIXATIONMATERIAL

Dragan Mii Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Ni, Srbija

10

Milo Stojkovi Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Ni, Srbija

Nikola Vitkovi Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Ni, Srbija

Miroslav Trajanovi Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Ni, Srbija

Miodrag Mani Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Ni, Srbija

Nikola Korunovi Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Ni, Srbija

Jelena Milovanovi Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Ni, Srbija

3A FRAMEWORK TO ENHANCE SUPPLIER SEARCH INDYNAMIC MANUFACTURING NETWORKS

Miguel Ferro Beca UNINOVA, Portugal

16

Joao Sarraipa UNINOVA, Portugal

Carlos Agostinho UNINOVA, Portugal

Fernando Gigante AIDIMA, Spain

Maria Jose Nunez AIDIMA, Spain

Ricardo Jardim Goncalves UNINOVA, Portugal

4LIFERAY AND ALFRESCO: A CASE STUDY IN

INTEGRATED ENTERPRISE PORTALS

Milorad Filipovi Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

22

Gajo Petrovi Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

Aleksandar Nikoli Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

Vidan Markovi DDOR Novi Sad, Srbija

Branko Milosavljevi Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

5

A SHORT SURVEY OF EXISTING EMERGENCYMANAGEMENT TOOLS FOR INFORMATIONCOLLECTION, COMMUNICATION, AND DECISION

SUPPORT

Bogdan Pavkovi Institut "Mihajlo Pupin" Beograd, Srbija

28Uro Miloevi Institut "Mihajlo Pupin" Beograd, Srbija

Vuk Mijovi Institut "Mihajlo Pupin" Beograd, Srbija

Sanja Vrane Institut "Mihajlo Pupin" Beograd, Srbija

6PREDICTIVE ANALYTICAL MODEL FOR SPARE PARTS

INVENTORY REPLENISHMENTNenad Stefanovi Fakultet tehnikih nauka, aak, Srbija 34

7ONTOLOGY BASED FRAMEWORK FORCOLLABORATIVE BUSINESS PROCESS ASSESSMENT

Maroua Hachicha University of Lyon 2 - DISP Laboratory, France

40Njib Moalla University of Lyon 2 - DISP Laboratory, France

Yacine Ouzrout University of Lyon 2 - DISP Laboratory, France

TABLEOFCONTENTS


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ENERGY MANAGEMENT

1SOLARENERGO - NEW WAY TO BRING RENEWABLEENERGY CLOSER

Matej Gomboi Municipality Beltinci, Slovenia 46

2DEVELOPMENT OF DISTRIBUTED HYDRO-INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR THE DRINA RIVERBASIN

Vladimir Milivojevi Institut "Jaroslav erni" Beograd, Srbija

50

Nikola Milivojevi Institut "Jaroslav erni" Beograd, Srbija

Milan Stojkovi Institut "Jaroslav erni" Beograd, Srbija

Vukain irovi Institut "Jaroslav erni" Beograd, Srbija

Dejan Divac Institut "Jaroslav erni" Beograd, Srbija

3INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR DAM SAFETYMANAGEMENT

Nikola Milivojevi Institut "Jaroslav erni" Beograd, Srbija

56

Nenad GrujoviFaculty of Engineering, University ofKragujevac, Srbija

Dejan Divac Institut "Jaroslav erni" Beograd, Srbija

Vladimir Milivojevi Institut "Jaroslav erni" Beograd, Srbija

Rastko Marta Institut "Jaroslav erni" Beograd, Srbija

4GENETIC ALGORITHM BASED ENERGY DEMAND-SIDE

MANAGEMENT

Nikola Tomasevi Institut "Mihajlo Pupin" Beograd, Srbija

61Marko Bati Institut "Mihajlo Pupin" Beograd, Srbija


5INTEGRATED ENERGY DISPATCH APPROACH BASEDON ENERGY HUB AND DSM

Marko Bati Institut "Mihajlo Pupin" Beograd, Srbija

67Nikola Tomasevi Institut "Mihajlo Pupin" Beograd, Srbija


E-SOCIETY AND E-LEARNING 1

1SERVER SELECTION FOR SEARCH/RETRIEVAL INDISTRIBUTED LIBRARY SYSTEMS

Miroslav Zari Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

73Branko Milosavljevi Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

Duan SurlaPrirodno-matematiki fakultet, Univerzitet uNovom Sadu, Srbija

2A METHOD FOR EGOVERNMENT CONCEPTSINTEROPERABILITY ASSESSMENT

Jos Marcelo Almeida PradoCestari

Pontifical Catholic University of Parana,Industrial and Systems Engineering, Brazil

79

Mario Lezoche CRAN - Universit de Lorraine - CNRS, France

Eduardo Rocha LouresPontifical Catholic University of Parana,Industrial and Systems Engineering, Brazil

Herv Panetto CRAN - Universit de Lorraine - CNRS, France

Eduardo Portela SantosPontifical Catholic University of Parana,Industrial and Systems Engineering, Brazil

3ANALYSIS OF SENTIMENT CHANGE OVER TIMEUSING USER STATUS UPDATES FROM SOCIALNETWORKS

Milica iriFaculty of Electronic Engineering, University

of Ni, Srbija

86Aleksandar StanimiroviFaculty of Electronic Engineering, University

of Ni, Srbija

Leonid StoimenovFaculty of Electronic Engineering, University

of Ni, Srbija

4TAKING DBPEDIA ACROSS BORDERS: BUILDING THESERBIAN CHAPTER

Uro Miloevi Institut "Mihajlo Pupin" Beograd, Srbija

91Vuk Mijovi Institut "Mihajlo Pupin" Beograd, Srbija



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E-SOCIETY AND E-LEARNING 2

1STATISTICAL COMPOSITE INDICATOR FORESTIMATING THE DEGREE OF INFORMATIONSOCIETY DEVELOPMENT

Marina DobrotaFakultet organizacionih nauka, Univerzitet uBeogradu, Srbija

96Jovana Stojilkovi

Fakultet organizacionih nauka, Univerzitet uBeogradu, Srbija

Ana PoledicaFakultet organizacionih nauka, Univerzitet uBeogradu, Srbija

Veljko JeremiFakultet organizacionih nauka, Univerzitet uBeogradu, Srbija

2SYSTEM FOR MODELLING RULEBOOKS FOR THEEVALUATION OF SCIENTIFIC-RESEARCH RESULTS.CASE STUDY: SERBIAN RULEBOOK

Sinia Nikoli Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

102Valentin Penca Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

Dragan Ivanovi Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

3 SRU/W SERVICE FOR CRIS UNS SYSTEM

Valentin Penca Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

108Sinia Nikoli Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

Dragan Ivanovi Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

4

DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THEPUBLIC ELECTRONIC SERVICE FOR MANAGING OPENCOMPETITIONS FOR GOVERNMENT GRANTS: CASESTUDY AUTONOMOUS PROVINCE OF VOJVODINA

Milan ParokiGovernment of the AP of Vojvodina/Office forJoint Affairs of Provincial Bodies, Novi Sad,

Republic of Serbia, Srbija

114Vesna Popovi

Government of the AP of Vojvodina/Office forJoint Affairs of Provincial Bodies, Novi Sad,Republic of Serbia, Srbija

Zora Konjovi Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

5EFFECTIVE TABLET DASHBOARD INTERFACE FORINNOVATIVE PIPELINED MULTI-TEACHER LABPRACTICING

Oliver VojinoviFaculty of Electronic Engineering, Universityof Ni, Srbija

120Vladimir SimiFaculty of Electronic Engineering, University

of Ni, Srbija

Ivan MilentijeviFaculty of Electronic Engineering, University

of Ni, Srbija

6TOWARD MORE GENERAL CRITERIA OFCONFORMITY BETWEEN LEARNER AND LEARNINGOBJECTS

Eleonora BrtkaTehniki fakultet "Mihajlo Pupin" Zrenjanin,Srbija

126Vladimir Brtka

Tehniki fakultet "Mihajlo Pupin" Zrenjanin,Srbija

Vesna MakitanTehniki fakultet "Mihajlo Pupin" Zrenjanin,Srbija

Ivana BerkoviTehniki fakultet "Mihajlo Pupin" Zrenjanin,Srbija

INTERNET OF THINGS

1INCREASING THE LIFETIME OF HEXAGONALDEPLOYED WIRELESS SENSORWEB NETWORK

Mirjana MaksimoviFaculty of Electrical Engineering EastSarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina

131Vladimir Vujovi

Faculty of Electrical Engineering EastSarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina

Vladimir Miloevi Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

Branko Perii Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

2 SDN-BASED CONCEPT FOR NETWORK MONITORING Vassil Gourov E-Fellows, Bulgaria 137

3VEHICLE CLASSIFICATION AND FALSE DETECTIONFILTERING USING A SINGLE MAGNETIC DETECTORBASED INTELLIGENT SENSOR

Peter Sarcevic University of Szeged, Hungary144

Szilveszter Pletl University of Szeged, Hungary

4MOTION ANALYSIS WITH WEARABLE 3D KINEMATIC

SENSORS

Sara StaninUniversity of Ljubljana, Faculty of electricalengineering, Slovenia

150Sao Tomai

University of Ljubljana, Faculty of electricalengineering, Slovenia

5

QUALISYS WEB TRACKER A WEB-BASEDVISUALIZATION TOOL FOR REAL-TIME DATA OF ANOPTICAL TRACKING SYSTEM

Andra KraekUniversity of Ljubljana, Faculty of ElectricalEngineering, Slovenia

155Jaka Sodnik

University of Ljubljana, Faculty of ElectricalEngineering, Slovenia

6USABILITY OF SMARTPHONE INERTIAL SENSORSFOR CONFINED AREA MOTION TRACKING

Anton UmekUniversity of Ljubljana, Faculty of ElectricalEngineering, Slovenia

160Anton Kos

University of Ljubljana, Faculty of ElectricalEngineering, Slovenia


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KNOWLEDGE MODELLING, EXTRACTION AND INTERPRETATION

1ENHANCED GAUSSIAN SELECTION IN MEDIUMVOCABULARY CONTINUOUS SPEECH RECOGNITION

Branislav Popovi Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

164

Dragia Mikovi Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

Darko PekarAlfaNum Speech Technologies, Novi Sad,Srbija

Stevan Ostrogonac Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

Vlado Deli Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

2BUILDING A VIRTUAL PROFESSIONAL COMMUNITY:THE CASE OF BULGARIAN OPTOMETRY AND EYEOPTICS

Mila Dragomirova Sofia University, Bulgaria

169Boyan Salutski Technical University - Sofia, Bulgaria

Elissaveta Gourova Sofia University, Bulgaria

3FUZZY INFLUENCE DIAGRAMS IN POWER SYSTEMSDIAGNOSTICS

Zoran MarkoviMathematical Institute of the SerbianAcademy of Sciences and Arts, Srbija

174Aleksandar Janji Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Srbija

Miomir Stankovi Faculty of Occupational Safety, Srbija

Lazar Velimirovi

Mathematical Institute of the Serbian

Academy of Sciences and Arts, Srbija

4 LINEAR FUZZY SPACE BASED SCOLIOSIS SCREENING

Marko Joci Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

180

Dejan Dimitrijevi Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

Milan PantoviFaculty of Sport and Physical Education,

University of Novi Sad, Srbija

Dejan MadiFaculty of Sport and Physical Education,University of Novi Sad, Srbija


5CONTEXT MODELING BASED ON FEATURE MODELSEXPRESSED AS VIEWS ON ONTOLOGIES

Sinia NekoviFakultet organizacionih nauka, Univerzitet uBeogradu, Srbija

186Rade Mati Belgrade Business School, Srbija

6APPROACH IN REALIZATION OF ANALOGY-BASEDREASONING IN SEMANTIC NETWORK

Milan TrifunoviFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, University

of Ni, Srbija

192

Milo StojkoviFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, University

of Ni, Srbija

Miroslav TrajanoviFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, University

of Ni, Srbija

Dragan MiiFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universityof Ni, Srbija

Miodrag ManiFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, University

of Ni, Srbija

7 MAPPING EBXML STANDARDS TO ONTOLOGY

Branko Arsi Faculty of Science, Kragujevac, Srbija

198Marija oki Faculty of Science, Kragujevac, Srbija

Nenad Stefanovi Faculty of Science, Kragujevac, Srbija

8ADDRESSING THE COLD-START NEW-USERPROBLEM FOR RECOMMENDATION WITH CO-TRAINING

Jelena Slivka Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

204Aleksandar Kovaevi Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija



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SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT

1AN APPROACH TO CONSOLIDATION OF DATABASECHECK CONSTRAINTS

Nikola ObrenoviSchneider Electric DMS NS Llc., Novi Sad,Srbija

210Ivan Lukovi Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

2EDITOR FOR AGENT-ORIENTED PROGRAMMINGLANGUAGE ALAS

Duan Okanovi Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

216

Milan Vidakovi Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

eljko Vukovi Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

Dejan MitroviPrirodno-matematiki fakultet, Univerzitet uNovom Sadu, Srbija

Mirjana IvanoviPrirodno-matematiki fakultet, Univerzitet uNovom Sadu, Srbija

3GRADER: AN LTI APP FOR AUTOMATIC, SECURE,PROGRAM VALIDATION USING THE DOCKERSANDBOX

Gajo Petrovi Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

221


Milan Segedinac Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

Aleksandar Kovaevi Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija


4TULIPKO INTERACTIVE SOFTWARE FORVISUALIZATION OF MONTE CARLO SIMULATION

RESULTS

Tara Petri Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

225

Predrag Raki Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

Petar MaliPrirodno-matematiki fakultet, Univerzitet uNovom Sadu, Srbija

Lazar Strievi Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

Slobodan RadoeviPrirodno-matematiki fakultet, Univerzitet uNovom Sadu, Srbija

5PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF THE ARPEGGIOPARSER

Igor Dejanovi Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija229

Gordana Milosavljevi Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

6ROUGH SETS BASED MODEL AS PROJECT SUCCESSSUPPORT

Vesna Makitan


235Vladimir Brtka


Eleonora BrtkaTehniki fakultet "Mihajlo Pupin" Zrenjanin,Srbija

Miodrag IvkoviTehniki fakultet "Mihajlo Pupin" Zrenjanin,Srbija

SPECIAL TRACK ON INTEROPERABILITY OF UBIQUITOUS SYSTEMS: THE FUTURE OF THE

INTERNET-OF-EVERYTHING

1

ENABLINGINTEROPERABILITY AS A PROPERTY OF

UBIQUITOUS SYSTEMS: TOWARDS THE THEORY OF

INTEROPERABILITY-OF-EVERYTHING

Milan ZdravkoviFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universityof Ni, Srbija

240Herv Panetto CRAN, University of Lorraine, CNRS, France

Miroslav Trajanovi Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universityof Ni, Srbija

2INTEROPERABILITY AS A PROPERTY: ENABLINGADAPTIVE DISASTER MANAGEMENT

Ovidiu Noran Griffith University, Australia

248Milan Zdravkovi

Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University

of Ni, Srbija

3 THE USE OF ONTOLOGIES IN CADASTRAL SYSTEMS

Dubravka Sladi Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

256

Aleksandra Radulovi Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

Miro Govedarica Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

Duan Jovanovi Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

Dejan Rai Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija


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4AN APPROACH FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OFCONTEXT-DRIVEN WEB MAP SOLUTIONS BASED ON

INTEROPERABLE GIS PLATFORM

Milo BogdanoviFaculty of Electronic Engineering, University

of Ni, Srbija

262Aleksandar StanimiroviFaculty of Electronic Engineering, Universityof Ni, Srbija


of Ni, Srbija

5SOCIOTAL: CREATING A CITIZEN-CENTRIC INTERNETOF THINGS

Nenad Gligori DunavNET, Srbija

270

Sran Krco DunavNET, Srbija

Ignacio Elicegui Univercity of Cantabria, Spain

Carmen Lpez Univercity of Cantabria, Spain

Luis Snchez Univercity of Cantabria, Spain

Michele Nati Univercity of Surrey, United Kingdom

Rob van Kranenburg University of Liepaja, Latvia, Netherlands

M. Victoria Moreno University of Murcia, Spain

Davide CarboniInformation Society Research, CRS4, ParcoTecnologico, Italy

6

ENHANCING BPMN 2.0 INFORMATIONAL

PERSPECTIVE TO SUPPORT INTEROPERABILITY FORCROSS-ORGANIZATIONAL BUSINESS PROCESSES

Marija JankoviFakultet organizacionih nauka, Univerzitet uBeogradu, Srbija

278Miroslav Ljubii


Nenad AniiFakultet organizacionih nauka, Univerzitet uBeogradu, Srbija

Zoran MarjanoviFakultet organizacionih nauka, Univerzitet u

Beogradu, Srbija

7TOWARDS INTEROPERABILITY PROPERTIES FORTOOLING A SOFTWARE BUS FOR ENERGY

EFFICIENCY

Alexis Aubry University of Lorraine, France285

Herv Panetto University of Lorraine, France

VOLUME 2: POSTER PAPERS

COMPUTING

1SUITABILITY OF DATA FLOW COMPUTING FORNUMBER SORTING

Anton Kos Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Slovenia 293

2APPLICATION OF DIGITAL STOCHASTICMEASUREMENT OVER AN INTERVAL IN TIME ANDFREQUENCY DOMAIN

Boris Liina Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija297

Platon Sovilj Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

3PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF LATTICEBOLTZMANN FLUID FLOW SIMULATION USINGOPENCL AND CUDA FRAMEWORKS

Jelena TekiPrirodno-matematiki fakultet, Univerzitet uNovom Sadu, Srbija

303Predrag TekiPrirodno-matematiki fakultet, Univerzitet uNovom Sadu, Srbija

Milo RackoviPrirodno-matematiki fakultet, Univerzitet uNovom Sadu, Srbija

E-SOCIETY, E-GOVERNMENT AND E-LEARNING

1AN APPROACH TO RANKING HOTELS' WEBSITES BY

APPLYING MULTIMOORA METHOD

Dragia Stanujki Faculty of Management in Zajear, Srbija

307Anelija Plavi Faculty of Management in Zajear, Srbija

Ana Stanujki Independent researcher, Srbija

2MULTI-CRITERIA MODEL FOR EVALUATING QUALITYOF WEBSITES OF THE REGIONAL TOURISMORGANIZATIONS

Dragia Stanujki Faculty of Management in Zajear, Srbija

311Milica Paunkovi Faculty of Management in Zajear, Srbija

Goran Stankovi Policijska uprava Bor, Srbija


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3INFORMATION FLOW IN PARKING AREASMANAGEMENT IN THE ENTERPRISE INFORMATION

SYSTEM

Zoran Nei Fakultet tehnikih nauka, aak, Srbija

317Leon Ljubi

JKP Parking Service Kragujevac, Kragujevac,Srbija

Miroslav Radojii Fakultet tehnikih nauka, aak, Srbija

Jasmina Vesi Vasovi Fakultet tehnikih nauka, aak, Srbija

4ICT INFRASTRUCTURE AT SPORTS STADIUM:REQUIREMENTS AND INNOVATIVE SOLUTIONS

Lidija Petrovi ALFA University, Belgrade, Srbija

322Michel DesbordesISC School of Management, Paris, France &Universit Paris Sud XI, France

Dragorad MilovanoviUniversity of Belgrade, Faculty of ElectricalEngineering, Srbija

5 SAKAI CLE IN SERBIAN HIGHER EDUCATION

Goran Savi Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

328Milan Segedinac Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

Nikola Nikoli Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija


6

PERSONALIZED DESIGN IN INTERACTIVE MAPPING

AS A PART OF INFORMATION SOCIETY

Mirjana Kranjac Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

333

Uro Sikimi Politecnico di Milan, Italy

orije Dupljanin Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

Slavia Dumni Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

7DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF SOFTWAREARCHITECTURE FOR PUBLIC E-PROCUREMENTSYSTEM IN SERBIA

Vjekoslav BobarUprava za zajednike poslove republikihorgana, Srbija

338Ksenija Mandi


8HADOOP AND PIG FOR INTERNET CENSUS DATAANALYSIS


344

Goran Sladi Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija


Stevan Gostoji Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija


9INTERDEPENDENCIES OF COMMUNICATION AND

ELECTRICAL INFRASTRUCTURES

Goran MuriFaculty of Transport and Traffic Engineering,Srbija

349Dragan Bogojevi PE EPS, Srbija

Nataa GospiFaculty of Transport and Traffic Engineering,Srbija

10

ANALYSIS PLATFORM FOR THE PRESENTATION OF A

SET OF OPEN DATA IN EDUCATION AND PUBLICADMINISTRATION

Sran Atanasijevi Comtrade Solution Engineering, Srbija

353Milo Miladinovi Comtrade Solution Engineering, Srbija

Vladimir Nedi FILUM (Department of Filology & Arts), Srbija

Milan Matijevi Department of Engineering Science, Srbija

11 miniC PROJECT FOR TEACHING COMPILERS COURSE

Zorica Suvajdin Raki FTN, Novi Sad, Srbija

360Predrag Raki FTN, Novi Sad, Srbija

Tara Petri FTN, Novi Sad, Srbija

12USING SYNTAX DIAGRAMS FOR TEACHINGPROGRAMMING LANGUAGE GRAMMAR

Zorica Suvajdin Raki FTN, Novi Sad, Srbija

363Sran Popov FTN, Novi Sad, Srbija

Tara Petri FTN, Novi Sad, Srbija

13 MIGRATION FROM SAKAI TO CANVAS

Nikola Nikoli Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

366Goran Savi Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

Milan Segedinac Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija



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14

IMPLEMENTING AN EFFECTIVE PUBLICADMINISTRATION INFORMATION SYSTEM: STATE OFPAIS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC AND ITS POTENTIAL

APPLICATION IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA

Martin tufi Solutia, s.r.o., Czech Republic

371Nataa Veljkovi

Faculty of Electronic Engineering, University

of Ni, Srbija

Sanja Bogdanovi - DiniFaculty of Electronic Engineering, Universityof Ni, Srbija


of Ni, Srbija

15E-GOVERNMENT INTEROPERABILITY IN THECONTEXT OF EUROPEAN INTEROPERABILITYFRAMEWORK

Vojkan Nikoli MUP RS, Srbija

376Jelica ProtiUniversity of Belgrade, School of ElectricalEngineering, Srbija

Predrag ikanovi MUP RS, Srbija

HARDWARE AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS

1INTEGRATING PROCESSING IN RAM MEMORY ANDITS APPLICATION TO HIGH SPEED FFTCOMPUTATION

Danijela EfnushevaUniversity "Sv. Kiril i Metodij" in Skopje,Faculty of Electrical Engineering andInformation Technologies, Macedonia

382

Aristotel Tentov

University "Sv. Kiril i Metodij" in Skopje,

Faculty of Electrical Engineering andInformation Technologies, Macedonia

2 CoAP COMMUNICATION WITH THE MOBILE PHONESENSORS OVER THE IPv6

Tomislav Dimi Ericsson d.o.o., Srbija

388Dejan Draji Ericsson d.o.o., Srbija

Sran Krco Ericsson d.o.o., Srbija

3COMMUNICATION NETWORKS 2-TERMINALRELIABILITY AND AVAILABILITY ESTIMATION BYSIMULATION

Radomir Jankovi Union University School of Computing, Srbija

393Slavko Pokorni ITS Information Technology School, Srbija

Momilo Milinovi Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Srbija

4ANALYSIS OF MONITORING DIPOLE AND MONOPOLEANTENNAS INFLUENCE ON SHIELDINGEFFECTIVENESS OF ENCLOSURE WITH APERTURES

Vesna Milutinovi RATEL, Srbija

399Tatjana Cvetkovi RATEL, Srbija

Neboja DonovFaculty of Electronic Engineering, University

of Ni, Srbija

Bratislav MilovanoviFaculty of Electronic Engineering, University

of Ni, Srbija

5THE CROSS LAYER MODEL FOR WIRELESSNETWORKS ENERGY EFFICIENCY

Borislav OdadiTehniki fakultet "Mihajlo Pupin" Zrenjanin,Srbija

405Dalibor Dobrilovi


eljko StojanovTehniki fakultet "Mihajlo Pupin" Zrenjanin,Srbija

Dragan OdadiTehniki fakultet "Mihajlo Pupin" Zrenjanin,Srbija

INFORMATION SYSTEMS

1

OLAP ANALYTICAL SOLUTION FOR HUMANRESOURCE MANAGEMENT PERFORMANCEMEASUREMENT AND EVALUATION: FROM

THEORETICAL CONCEPTS TO APPLICATION

Ruica Debeljaki Ekonomski Fakultet Subotica, Srbija

411Olivera Grljevi Ekonomski Fakultet Subotica, Srbija

2APPROACH TO MULTIDIMENSIONAL DATAMODELING IN BI TECHNOLOGY

Jelena Luki JP Elektromrea Srbije, Srbija 416

3AN EDUCATIONAL APPLICATION COMPRISINGSPEECH TECHNOLOGIES FOR SERBIAN ADAPTED TO

VISUALLY IMPAIRED CHILDREN - ANMASTERMIND

Stevan Ostrogonac Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

422

Nataa Vujnovi-Sedlar Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

Branislav Popovi Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

Milan Seujski Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

Darko Pekar AlfaNum Speech Technologies, Srbija


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4MINING LOCATION IN GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATIONSYSTEMS USING NEURAL NETWORK

eljko Jovanovi Fakultet tehnikih nauka, aak, Srbija

428Marija Blagojevi Fakultet tehnikih nauka, aak, Srbija

Vlade Uroevi Fakultet tehnikih nauka, aak, Srbija

5A SYSTEM FOR TRACKING AND RECORDINGLOCATIONS OF ANDROID DEVICES

Milan Luki Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

432

Goran Sladi Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

Stevan Gostoji Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija



6SOFTWARE PROVIDED WASTE MANAGEMENTSUSTAINABILITY ASSESSMENT

Gordana StefanoviFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, University

of Ni, Srbija

438Michele Dassisti Politecnico di Bari, DMM, Italy

Biljana MilutinoviThe school of higher technical professionaleducation, Srbija

INTEGRATION AND INTEROPERABILITY

1A METHOD FOR WEB CONTENT SEMANTICANALYSIS: THE CASE OF MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS

Goran Grubi

Fakultet organizacionih nauka, Univerzitet u

Beogradu, Srbija

444

Milo MilutinoviFakultet organizacionih nauka, Univerzitet uBeogradu, Srbija

Vanjica Ratkovi ivanovi Radio Televizija Srbije, Srbija

Zorica BogdanoviFakultet organizacionih nauka, Univerzitet uBeogradu, Srbija

Marijana Despotovi-ZrakiFakultet organizacionih nauka, Univerzitet uBeogradu, Srbija

2AN OVERVIEW OF SELECTED VISUAL M2MTRANSFORMATION LANGUAGES

Vladimir Dimitrieski Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

450

Ivan Lukovi Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

Slavica Aleksi Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

Milan elikovi Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad, Srbija

Gordana Milosavljevi Fakultet tehnikih nauka, Novi Sad,Srbija

3

METHODOLOGY FOR INITIAL CONNECTION OFENTERPRISES IN DIGITAL BUSINESS ECOSYSTEMSUSING COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS IN COLLABORATIVEPROCESSES PLANNING

Ramona Markoska Faculty of Technical Sciences, Macedonia

456Aleksandar Markoski

UKLO, Faculty of Technical Sciences,Macedonia

4PHYSICAL MEDICINE DEVICES WITH CENTRALIZEDMANAGEMENT OVER COMPUTER NETWORK

Vladimir iriFaculty of Electronic Engineering, University

of Ni, Srbija

462

Vladimir SimiFaculty of Electronic Engineering, University

of Ni, Srbija

Teufik TokiFaculty of Electronic Engineering, University

of Ni, Srbija

Ivan MilentijeviFaculty of Electronic Engineering, University

of Ni, Srbija

Oliver VojinoviFaculty of Electronic Engineering, University

of Ni, Srbija

5CONCEPTUAL MODEL OF EXTERNAL FIXATORS FORFRACTURES OF THE LONG BONES

Dragan PavloviFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, University

of Ni, Srbija

468

Marko VeselinoviFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, University

of Ni, Srbija

Milan ZdravkoviFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universityof Ni, Srbija

Miroslav TrajanoviFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, University

of Ni, Srbija

Milan MitkoviFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, University

of Ni, Srbija

6MAKING SENSE OF COMPLEXITY OF ENTERPRISEINTEGRATION BY USING THE CYNEFIN FRAMEWORK

Mila Miti Institut "Mihajlo Pupin" Beograd, Srbija 473


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* * ***

**

I.

INTRODUCTION

While the numerous and diverse topics were consideredrelevant for the conference, the prospective authors were

invited to discuss about the specific challenges ofenterprise and systems interoperability. The topic wasselected by the conference chairs as a reflection of the firstpublished ICT work programmes of the recently launchedEuropean framework for funding research and innovation,Horizon 2020 (H2020).

Today, ICT research community is facing the numerouschallenges related to a need to strive towards a hyper-connected world with hundreds of billions of devicesfuelled by ambient and pervasive services (H2020 ICTChallenge 3 Future Internet). Driven by the paradigms,such as Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN), Internet ofThings (IoT) and Cyber Physical Systems (CPS), thisworld will change the way we perceive the computing

capability. It will feature strong collaboration andcoordination, smart and autonomous behavior andcollective intelligence. It will use extensive data, open andlinked, from distributed sources. It will be capable toacquire and manage knowledge based on this data. It willcombine different services to swiftly implement anddeploy business processes.

While the diversity of devices is also rapidly growing, itbecomes more and more difficult to make themcollaborate, due to a complexity caused by the fragmentedarchitectures and incoherent unifying concepts. Oneapproach to address this challenge is to foster application-independent development of a new generation ofconnected components and systems (ICT Challenge 1 Anew generation of components and systems),complemented by externally located behavioral and

context models. These challenges alone cannot be

addressed without the consideration of the computingissues (ICT Challenge 2 - Advanced Computing) andinformation management of big data in distributed sources(ICT Challenge 4 Content technologies and informationmanagement).

Defined by ISO/IEC 2382 as capability tocommunicate, execute programs, or transfer data amongvarious functional units in a manner that requires the userto have little or no knowledge of the unique characteristicsof those units, the enterprise interoperability is a commondenominator of all challenges of so-called hyper-connected world. The collaboration of the devices cannotbe achieved without enabling them with a seamlesscapability to exchange, use and re-use information and

services, even without taking into account the natureand/or purpose of this information and services. Thus, thedevices need to have capability, not only to exchange thisinformation, but also to perceive and understand it.

II.

ABOUT THE PROGRAMME

The specific objective of ICIST 2014 was to gather thetop experts in the different ICT areas, to discuss about thespecific aspects of enterprise and systems interoperability.A total of 90 papers were submitted to the conference,each peer-reviewed by 1-3 members of IPC or externalreviewers. 49 papers were accepted for oral presentation,resulting with a regular papers acceptance rate of 54%.These papers are published in Volume 1 of this book.

Based on the content, the oral presentations during theconference were organized in 8 sessions.

The session on the Business process modeling andmanagement dealt with the interesting topics of businessrequirements negotiation, dynamic manufacturingnetworks, emergency management tools and collaborativebusiness process assessment. It also presented somepractical solutions, related to managing the processes ofhealthcare products manufacturing and integration of theenterprise portals.

This years ICIST received a relatively large number ofpapers in the area of energy management. Given thesignificance of the different energy efficiency and

sustainability issues, especially in context of the emergingchallenges of industrial symbiosis and importance ofenterprise interoperability for its resolution, one session

Towards the Interoperable, Hyper-ConnectedWorld: A Foreword to the Proceedings of the 4th

International Conference on Information Societyand Technology

The 4th International Conference on InformationSociety and Technology (ICIST 2014) was organized inKopaonik winter resort, Serbia, 9-11.3.2014. Theconference provided a venue for ICT researchers andpractitioners from all over the world to present theirresearch results and development activities, to exchangeexperiences and new ideas, and to establish therelationships for a future collaboration. The InternationalProgramme Committee (IPS) gathered 48 ICT expertsfrom industry and academy from 18 countries, giving thetruly international dimension to a review process.

Milan ZdravkoviFaculty of Mechanical Engineering in Ni, University of Ni, Ni, SerbiaFaculty of Technical Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia

[email protected], [email protected], [email protected]

, Miroslav Trajanovi , Zora Konjovi

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was dedicated to this area. It presented 5 papers on the ITsupport to renewable energy exploitation and novelmethods for energy management, e.g. genetic algorithms.

The session on Internet of Things hosted 6 papers,mostly dealing with deployment of sensor-basedtechnologies. The authors were addressing the importantissues of WSN and sensor lifetime, usability, falsedetection filtering, network monitoring and datavisualization. An interesting case study of motion analysiswith wearable sensors was also presented.

Knowledge acquisition, management and interpretationare recognized as some of the biggest challenges inhandling big data from disparate sources in hyper-connected world, collected from multi-modal and multi-dimensional stimuli. This topic was addressed by 8 papersin a separate ICIST 2014 session. The authors dealt withcontext-modeling, mapping standards to ontologies,knowledge management in virtual communities, reasoningin semantic network, interpretation of knowledge fromspeech and medical images.

While the new circumstances are changing ourperception of the computing technologies, the softwaredevelopment paradigms will also have to face newobstacles, mostly related to deployment platforms whichare now evolving from static computers to dynamicsensors and associated processing devices. The SoftwareDevelopment topic was addressed by 6 papers, presentedin a dedicated session. The papers discussed about thedatabase architectures, tools for agent-oriented languages,visualization and performance evaluation.

The great most of the authors dealt with the social andtechnological challenges related to the paradigms ofinformation society. Total of 10 papers were presented intwo sessions on E-Society and E-Learning. The topics

addressed were: assessment of information societydevelopment and e-Government interoperability, linkedopen data, scientific & research results management andevaluation, electronic public services, new technology-enabled teaching methods and sentiment data analysis.

This years ICIST hosted Technical Committee (TC)5.3 Enterprise Integration and Networking of theInternational Federation for Automatic Control (IFAC),who used this opportunity to organize a special session onInteroperability of Ubiquitous Systems: the future of theInternet-of-Everything.

A very high interest of researchers community to thenew paradigm of ubiquitous computing gave rise to theconcepts synthesized in a term of Internet-of-Everything(IoE). Today, the different devices with digitalinformation and services are embedded into our everydayenvironment, interacting with us and other devices,sometimes without any mutual awareness of thisinteraction. One of the concepts that are foreseen to have avery big impact on the future IoE initiatives is theinteroperability of the ubiquitous systems. This specifictopic was addressed by 7 papers in the dedicated session.The session proposed the theoretical concept ofinteroperability as a property of a ubiquitous system and

discussed about it in the case of disaster managementscenario. The discussion on the location-based serviceswas facilitated by the papers which addressed the use ofontologies in cadastral systems and context-driven web-map solutions. Furthermore, interesting discussions on theinteroperability issues in citizen-centric IoT, cross-organizational business processes and industrial symbiosis

were presented.

A.

Poster sessions

To foster the scientific discussion and to pursue thecollaboration opportunities, ICIST also organized postersessions. The poster sessions included papers passing theminimum threshold of scientific merit, presenting anddiscussing about the interesting relevant ideas.

36 papers were presented during the two postersessions, organized in different groups on the topics ofintegration and interoperability, computing, hardware andtelecommunications, information systems and e-society, e-government and e-learning. All papers accepted for the

poster sessions are published in Volume 2 of this book.B.

Invited Keynote

With aim to provide truly inspiring settings for thescientific discussion, this years ICIST 2014 invited Prof.Ricardo Jardim-Gonalves, from UNINOVA, Portugal tointroduce the participants to the possible impact of thepervasive computing to new organizational forms andbusiness models.

In his talk, he addressed the actual developments andtrends in the domain of Digital and Sensing Enterprise(with objects, equipment, and technological infrastructuresexhibiting advanced networking and processingcapabilities), and he gave insights concerning the

realization of these concepts in the advent of the Internetof Everything.

C.

Manufacturing the Future

The scientific programme of ICIST 2014 wascomplemented with the training activities, through theworkshop Manufacturing the Future: Automating andConnecting Dynamic Production Networks.

The workshop was organized by IMAGINE FP7Project, funded by the European Commission under theVirtual Factories and Enterprises theme of the 7thFramework Programme (FoF-ICT-2011.7.3, GrantAgreement No: 285132).

III.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTThe editors would like to thank all members of the

organizing committee of YUINFO conference forproviding the full logistics and all other kinds of supportto ICIST 2014.

The editors wish also to express their sincereappreciation to the members of IPC and externalreviewers who contributed to the quality of this yearsprogramme by providing the detailed and timely reviews.

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ICIST 2014

Regular papers

Sections:

1. Business Process Modelling and Management

2. Energy Management

3. E-Society and E-Learning

4. Internet of Things

5. Knowledge Modelling, Extraction and Interpretation

6. Software Development

7. Interoperability of Ubiquitous Systems: The Future of the Internet-of-Everything

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Business Requirement Negotiation based onGeneralized Requirement Approach (GRA)

Aleksandar Bulajic**LANB, Kongens Lyngby, Copenhagen, Denmark

[email protected]

AbstractBusiness software development is based on thespecific business requirements that are collected duringrequirement negotiation process. Gathering businessrequirements, when final product requirements are dictatedby known client, can be a difficult process. An idea aboutnew business product can be obscure, and described bygeneral terms that contributes very much commonmisunderstandings. Business requirement verificationaccomplished by using text and graphics, and manual

review processes, can be slow, error prone and expensive.Misunderstandings and omitted requirements affect futuresoftware product. This research work proposes newapproach to requirement negotiation, the GeneralizedRequirement Approach (GRA) and is focused ondemonstration of business requirement during requirementnegotiation process. The process of the business requirementnegotiation is guided by the set of predefined objects thatstore requirement description in the common repository, inthe structured text format. The objects attributes andproperties are guidelines for specifying sufficient level ofrequirement details for generating source code that is usedfor requirement demonstration. The source code andexecutables are generated without manual programming.

I. INTRODUCTIONBusiness requirement specification is one of the most

important documents for software development project.The contract signing, budget, time scheduling andresource allocation depends hardly on the correct businessrequirement specification. Omitted and misunderstoodrequirement can cause huge revision and code refactoringin late software development phases and affect projectbudget and duration.

Gathering business requirements, when final productrequirements are dictated by known client, can be adifficult process. An idea about new business product canbe obscure, and described by general terms that

contributes very much common misunderstandings.Business requirement verification accomplished by usingtext and graphics, and manual review processes, can beslow, error prone and expensive.

Research studies show that issues related torequirements that are discovered in later project phasesproduce even greater costs and delays. Discovering ormodifying requirements in the Design Phase could bethree to six times more expensive. In the Coding Phase itis up to 10 times more expensive, and in the DevelopmentTesting Phase it is 15 to 40 times more expensive. In theAcceptance Phase, it is 30 to 70 times more expensive,and in Operation Phase it could be 40 to 1000 times moreexpensive. [1]

The IBM Project Management presentation use theMeta Group study to illustrate that 70% of large ITprojects failed or did not meet customer expectation. [2]

This research work proposes new method for businessrequirement negotiation process called GeneralizedRequirement Approach (GRA). The GRA requiresdemonstration of business requirements duringrequirement negotiation process. To be able todemonstrate requirement, the GRA requires the GRAFramework. The GRA Framework is implementation ofthe GRA method. The GRA method is described in theGeneralized Requirement Approach (GRA) section. TheGRA Framework is described in the GRA Framework(GRAF) section.

The GRAF guides process of the business requirementnegotiation by a set of predefined objects that storerequirement description in the structured text format in thecommon repository. The object attributes and propertiesare guidelines for specifying sufficient level ofrequirement details for generating source code [3].Automated build is using source code to createexecutables and demonstrate requirement on fly. Thesource code and executables are generated automaticallywithout manual coding by the Generic ProgrammingUnits (GPU). The GPU is a class or module responsiblefor generating source code. The GPU is based on theparameterized methods. The GPU is setting methodparameters to the values stored in the structured textformat before generating source code. Besides changingparameters and generating methods, the GPU is able togenerate user interface, classes, SQL statements andconfiguration files. The GPU is described in the GRAFramework (GRAF) section.

The GRA addresses requirement managementsyndromes, specification of Insufficient Details Level [3],the IKIWISI (Ill know it when I see it) syndrome,

the Yes, but syndrome (that is not exactly what Imean) and the Undiscovered Ruin syndrome (Now thatI see it, I have another requirement to add).

II. RELATED WORK

Traditional requirement management approach is oftenidentified by the Waterfall [4][5] software developmentmethod, where comprehensive requirement analysis anddocumenting is completed before a start of the nextproject phases. On the contrary, the Agile RequirementManagement [6] does not wait that all requirements arespecified, neither is waiting that a whole requirement isspecified. A development starts as soon as a part of therequirement is understood [7]. The project is developed by

using an iterative and incremental approach. The Agilesoftware development process is based on the short

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mailto:[email protected]:[email protected]:[email protected]


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development iterations. Each of iteration implements alimited number of requirements. The next iteration isplanned on the user feedback and experience collectedduring iteration testing process [7]. Short iterationadvantage is early discovering of the requirementmisunderstanding. However, if requirement ismisunderstood, then time spend for code development can

be waste and affects project scheduling and budget.Requirements that are implemented in the next iterationcan require code refactoring. Huge code refactoring canaffect project budget and scheduling.

Mc Connell [8] pointed to importance of softwareproject proper preparation and prerequisites such usplanning, requirements, architecture and design.

The Test Driven Development (TDD) is Extremeprogramming method based on the test first approach. Thetest is created before implementation code [9]. The TDDimproved test coverage and promotes testing culture [10].While low test coverage can mean that test was not

properly executed, high test coverage guarantee

nothing [11].The Microsoft Solutions Framework (MSF) isMicrosoft best practice method for delivering softwareaccording to specification, on time and on budget. [12]The MSF philosophy holds that there is no singlestructure or process that optimally applies to therequirements and environments for all projects. Itrecognizes that, nonetheless, the need for guidance exists.[12]

Hewlett-Packard experimented by implementation ofthe Evolutionary Development method (EVO) toimprove software development process, reduce number oflate changes in the user interface and reduce number ofdefects found during system testing [13]. The first andsecond attempt that used two weeks delivery cycles andfour to six delivery cycles over more than year and halffailed to delivery expected features and expected results.[13] The third attempt that used first month to prototypeafter 4,6 months of implementation delivered world classproduct. [13]. These experiments on the full scaleindustrial projects confirmed importance of prototyping asa tool for requirement clarification.

The Unified Software Development Process, aniterative and incremental component based softwaredevelopment method that is case driven, architecturecentric and risk focused has been created in 1999. [14]

Road map in the Unified Process method is described

as The problem domain, Stakeholder needs, MovingToward the Solution Domain, Features of the System,Software requirements.[14] A Problem Domain isidentified by Needs, while Features and SoftwareRequirements belong to the Solution Domain.[14]. Themost known implementation of the Unified Process (UP)is IBM Rational Unified Process (RUP) component-basedprocess.

However, the first step in the software developmentprocess is requirement description and clarification.Collecting and describing requirements in theRequirement Specification document can be a difficultjob. The natural language is subject of differentinterpretation and cause ambiguities.

The IEEE 1998b standard describes characteristics of agood requirement specification such as correct,

unambiguous, complete, consistent, traceable, verifiable[15].

The Unified Approach [14] added to this list nextcharacteristic understandable.

Other authors, such as Wiegers, describe characteristicsof excellent requirement by requirement statements

characteristics such as complete, correct, feasible,unambiguous, and verifiable [16].Wiegers makes differences between Requirement

Description and Requirement Specification descriptionand a good Requirement Specification describes ascomplete, consistent, modifiable and traceable [16].

Requirements verification is a process of improvingrequirement specification according to recommendation ofgood requirement description practice.

Wiegers [16] favor technique for requirementverification is formal inspection of requirementsdocument accomplished inside of the small teams whereare represented different views, such as analyst view,customer view, developer and tester view. This techniqueis supported by testing requirements by developingfunctional test cases and specifying acceptance criteria[16].

Rational Unified Process [14] use traceability matrix forrequirement verification. A requirement or a need in RUPterminology is linked to a feature. A Feature is linked to aSoftware requirement and Use Case. Use Case is linked toTest Cases. If some of the links is missing it is consideredan indication that requirement is not properly verified.Requirement verification in this case is considered done ifa link to a Use Case and a Test Case exists [14].

Sommerville [17] for requirement verification processspecifies requirement reviews, test case generation and

automated consistency analysis in case when requirementsare specified as a system model or formal notation.Prototyping technique is used for requirement

validation. Sommerville see prototyping as a requirementverification technique [17]

Requirement validation is a process of evaluating ofsoftware component during or at the end of developmentprocess [18]

Prototyping is an effective method for requirementsclarification, proof of concept and reducing a risk thatfinal product is significantly different than expected [16].

Requirement verification accomplished by using textand graphics, and manual review processes, can be slow,

error prone and expensive.Omitted and misunderstood requirements can causehuge revision and code refactoring in late softwaredevelopment phases and affect project budget andduration.

III. SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT METHODOLOGY (SDM)

The Software Development methodology is softwaredevelopment process that can be described by followingdevelopment phases and activities:

Analysis system requirements management, Architecture & Design system design, Development internal design and coding ,

Test test and validation, Deployment operation and maintenance.

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The SDM is a structured approach to softwaredevelopment. The SDM purpose is production of high-quality software in a cost-effective way [17]. Thestructuring process purpose is to enable process planningand controlling. The SDM process structure isimplemented in the different software methodologies,sequential and iterative, incremental and evolutionary,

rapid application development and prototypingHistory of the Software Development Methodology

(SDM) started in the 1956 when Herbert D. Beningtonpresented his paper Production of Large ComputersPrograms at "Symposium on advanced programmingmethods for digital computers: Washington, D.C., June28, 29, 1956" by [19].

Dr. Winston W. Royce in 1970 presented his personalview about managing large software developments in hispaper "Managing the Development of Large SoftwareSystems" at Proceedings of IEEE WESCON 26 [20].While Herbert D. Benington called the first phase, wherebroad requirements are defined, the Operational Plan

phase, Dr. Winston W. Royce called the first softwaredevelopment phase the System Requirements phase.The process of the requirement specification,

verification and validation is described in the Figure 1Traditional Requirement Management Approach:

Figure 1 Traditional Requirement ManagementApproach

The requirement verification is understood as a processof the initial requirement evaluation, executed duringrequirement gathering, elicitation and specification. [18]The requirement validation is understood as a process ofthe requirement evaluation after completing of thedevelopment phase. [18]

The output from the Traditional RequirementManagement is Requirement Specification document. TheRequirement Specification document is used as referencedocument for further software development planningsand activities, Design Specification, Code Writing andTesting & Validating, even it is well known that a writtentexts as well as graphics are ambiguous and subject ofdifferent interpretations.

The choice of software development method affectstime distance between requirement specification and

requirement validation. In case of the Agile developmentmethods this time distance can be a week or weeks long.

In case of more traditional approaches, this can be amonth or months long.

Traditional requirement management, Waterfall likemethod, is most appropriate for a project whererequirements are stable and do not change during softwaredevelopment process. However, analysis shows that anaverage of 25 % of requirements change in the typicalproject, and change rate can go even higher to 35% to50% for large projects [21].

If time difference between requirement specificationand requirement validation is longer, then is most likelythat requirement will be changed.

This process can be improved by introducingrequirement demonstration as early as possible to avoidwaste of time and resources on implementation andmodification of misunderstood requirements.

IV. GENERALIZED REQUIREMENT APPROACH (GRA)

The Generalized Requirement Approach (GRA)solution proposes requirement validation prior to creating

Requirement Specification. Requirement validationrequires creating of the executables that are created fromthe source code. Writing source code manually can beslow and error prone process.

The GRA method proposes automatic source codegeneration from structured textual descriptions that areexpressed by customer native language. The process ofdescribing requirements, generating source code andrequirement demonstration is called RequirementNormalization process. The Figure 2 GeneralizedRequirement Approach Overview illustrates proposedsolution:

Figure 2 Generalized Requirement Approach (GRA)Overview

The Requirement Normalization process is responsiblefor:

Guiding user to specify sufficient level ofdetails [3] by using customer native language,

Storing requirement description in the

structured text format, Automatic source code and executables

generation.

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Besides requirement description, the RequirementNormalization primary goal is to clarify obscurecustomers requirements. The Requirement Normalizationprocess is considered complete when requirement ispossible to describe by sufficient level of details fromwhich is possible generate source code and buildexecutables. The outputs from the Requirement

Normalization are generated Requirement Specificationand source code. The source code can be used in the nextproject phases.

While traditional requirement management writesRequirement Specification document, the RequirementSpecification in case of the GRA method is stored in thecentral repository and can be generated on demand. It isnot recommended direct update of the RequirementSpecification. Updates should be accomplished thoughRequirement Normalization process.

Based on discussion in this section are identifiedfollowing GRA features:

Document and store requirements in the

structured text format described by customernative language, Generate source code without manual

programming, Demonstrate working software during

requirement negotiations process,

V. GENERALIZED REQUIREMENT APPROACHFRAMEWORK (GRAF)OVERVIEW

The Generalized Requirement Approach Framework(GRAF) is implementation of the GeneralizedRequirement Approach (GRA) method. The GRAFcontains code, classes, objects and libraries that are

guiding user during requirement negotiation process toprovide detailed requirements specification that issufficient to generate source code and executables. TheGRAF is responsible for implementation of the GRAfeatures.

The Figure 3 The Generalized Requirement ApproachFramework Design illustrates the GRA framework highlevel design:

Figure 3 The GRA Framework Design

The GRAF is organized around central repository. Inthe central repository are stored requirement descriptionsand used by Code Generator when necessary.

Designer is responsible to store structured text formatdescriptions in the Database and for guiding a user to

specify sufficient amount of details. Omitting sufficientnumber of details during requirement specification canaffect project duration and increase overall cost expenses[3].

Code Generator is responsible for generating sourcecode by using structured text data stored in the Database.The source code is generated in the standard programminglanguage, for example C# or Java. The generated sourcecode is executed in the Runtime Environment. TheRuntime Environment depends of the generated sourcecode. For example, if the C# source code is generated byCode Generator the Runtime Environment needsMicrosoft .NET and CLR installation. If the Java sourcecode is generated by Code Generator the RuntimeEnvironment needs JRE installation.

The Test & Validation process validate requirements byusing code that is executed in the Runtime Environment.If requirement does not satisfy expectations the processcan be repeated and retuned back to Designer.

The GRA method can be implemented by usingdifferent technologies, such as Microsoft .NET, Java orJavaScript. In this paper the GRA Framework isimplemented by using the Microsoft .NET and C#language. Each implementation can be based on thedifferent object types.

The GRA Framework used in this paper identifiesfollowing groups of objects that are used by Designer

during requirement negotiation process: Objects responsible for requirement description

and documenting such as Requirement, UserStory, Use Case, and Test Case.,

Objects responsible for storing data in structuredtext format that are used to generate source codesuch as Forms, Data Sources, ApplicationObjects and Interfaces.

Each of the GRA Framework object is mapped to oneor more corresponding database entities that are used forstoring data in the structured text format and for retrievingdata when the GRA Framework need it.

Objects responsible for requirement description anddocumenting are designed according to best practice [22].Objects responsible for storing data in structured text

format are business application building blocks and in thisparticular GRAF implementation are used followingobjects:

Form object is describes entry fields and otherpredefined User Interface (GUI) controls thatenable user and software applicationinteractions,

Data Source object is responsible for creatingdatabase tables and relations,

Application Object is responsible for backend

and batch job processing,

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Interface object is in the same time ApplicationObjects, but for this kind of objects is specificcommunication with sources of data external toapplication.

Objects responsible for storing data in structured textformat are used to generate source code. Code Generator

designed for this paper is illustrated in the Figure 4 TheGRA Framework Source Code Generation:

Figure 4 The GRA Framework Source CodeGeneration

The source code is generated from the structured textdescriptions, the GRA Libraries and Templates. Thestructured descriptions are stored in the Database tables.The GRA Libraries are containing parameterized methodsand templates. These methods and templates are adaptedto requirement specifics, and inserted in the generatedsource code. The Templates contains controls and controls

attributes that are specific to implementation technology.For example if it is generated ASP.NET source code, theTemplates are adapted to the ASP.NET controls such asTextbox, Button or Dropdown list, as well as to theASP.NET language specific syntax. The methods andtemplates are used as building blocks to create sourcecode. The process of source code generation is initiatedexternally from Actor by sending a name of the object thatneeds to be generated.

The Generic Programming Unit (GPU) is a code, amethod, a class or a module that is able to generate sourcecode. One example of the GPU is a GPU that can generateform. The form can be described by forms name, fieldname, field type, data type, data length and number of

decimal places, and forms control type, such as text field,drop down list, check box, button, etc. The GPU from thisdata shall be able to create form that can insert, modifyand delete entries, and execute action code that is assignedto the form fields.

The Generic Programming Unit (GPU) is glue thatconnects database structured text descriptions, librarymethods and templates, and creates source code. The GPUis reading data stored in the Database for each particularobject and creates source code according to requirementdescription by using GRA Libraries and Templates. TheGRA Libraries contains templates and methods. Theoutputs from the GPU are HTML Web Page, Code BehindClass, Data Object Class and SQL. The Data Object Class

is responsible for data mapping from relational database toobjects and is a part of the Data Access Object pattern

implementation. The generated SQL statements are usedin the implementation of CRUD database operations. TheGPU shall be able to generate other source code if thereare available sufficient details of information and ifimplementation technology can support it.

The Runtime Environment is responsible for executionof the generated source code and is using Database forstoring and retrieving application data.

VI. EXPERIMENT

The GRA Framework implementation is tested on theRetail Store application. The Retail Store is a fictive E-Commerce application described by following RetailStore User Story:

As the Retail Store we want to sell our products on-line through Internet in order to increase productavailability, get in touch with more customers andincrease sale and profit. From the Retail Store UserStory is possible to identify:

ProductComponent object, Sales Operation.

The Product Component requirements are described inthe Salesman User Story as a need to add, update andremove product from the product list. The SalesOperation requirements are further elaborate in the BuyerUser Story as a need to select product, add product toshopping cart, create order and enable online payment bycredit card.

The source code is generated according to the processdescribed in the Figure 4 The GRA Framework SourceCode Generation generated source code. The source codehas been generated from description of the Product,Shopping Cart, Order and Payment forms. Each form is

described by forms name, field name, field type, data type,data length and number of decimal places, and formscontrol type, such as text field, drop down list, check box,button, etc. The GPU from this data generates forms thatcan insert, modify and delete entries, and execute actioncode that is assigned to the form fields. The Figure 5Product Form illustrates generated Product form:

Figure 5 Product Form

Other forms are generated the same way and the GPUgenerates the fully functional application that is able todemonstrate Product and Sales Operation components.The user of generated application is able to enter, store,

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update and browse data, add data to Shopping Cart,change selected quantity and review Order beforeexecuting payment operations. To the Order form areassigned calculations for calculating items price, handlingfee and VAT amount, and for calculating Order totalamount. The limited space in this paper does not allow fullpresentation of the generated application.

VII. CONCLUSION

The result of the experiment, E-Commerce fictiveapplication, demonstrates feasibility of proposed solution,and shows that the predefined set of the frameworkobjects and code that uses data defined during requirementnegotiation process is sufficient to generate source codeand generate application without a need for writing codemanually.

The Generalized Requirement Approach (GRA)proposed in this paper can improve software developmentproductivity, and improve the quality of the final product.

However, effective use of the GRA method requires

implementation of the GRA Framework (GRAF). TheGRAF objects attributes are guidelines for specifyingrequirement and providing sufficient details level. Whilein the existing Software Development Methodologysource code is written by programmers manually, theGRAF generates source code from the requirement userdescriptions stored in the central repository.

The proposed solution can contribute to: Clarify requirements and improve requirement

understandings,

Address IKIWISI, Yes, but, UndiscoveredRuin and Insufficient Details Levelrequirement syndromes,

Closing a gap between requirementspecification and requirement validation, Producing of an environment where

requirements can be executed, analyzed,observed, and validated,

Promote customer active participation.The generated source code and executables are fully

functional application that can be executed and tested. TheRetail Store demo application can demonstrate workflow,data, algorithms, and can be used for ad-hoc testing.

According to the currently collected experience, thecritical part of this approach is providing sufficientamount of the features that are in the GRAF represented

by Application Object. Application Object representsclasses and generic methods that solve particularprogramming issue. For example it can be testing ofunique Id, moving rows from one relation table to other orcreating new entities that are combination of the existingentities. In the Retail Store demo application examplesuch example is the addRowToDataSource genericmethod. The addRowToDataSource method is able to addcurrent data source row to any other data source. In thisGRAF implementation, the target data source is specifiedduring requirement negotiation and is stored in therequirement description.

This framework version is developed for research andexperiment purposes. The further development can create

a product that besides requirement negotiation can be usedfor estimation, and generally speaking for projectmanagement purposes

REFERENCES[1] DragonPoint, Inc (2008), Company Newsletter issue No. 3,

Requirements Capture: Keys 6 Through 10 to a SuccessfulSoftware Development Project, available athttp://www.dragonpoint.com/CompanyNewsletters/RequirementsCaptureKeys610.aspx

[2] IBM (2007), IBM Project Management, available at

http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/yele/Course/IS372/Guest/Dawn%20Goulbourn/IBM%20PM%20presentation%20for%20DePaul.ppt

[3] Bulajic, Aleksandar, Stojic, Radoslav, Sambasivam, Samuel(2013), Gap Between Service Requestor and Service Provider,"Applied Internet and Information Technologies" ICAIIT2013 ,Zrenjanin, Serbia, October 26, 2013

[4] Benington, Herbert D. (1956), Production of Large ComputersPrograms, Symposium on Advanced Programming Methods forDigital Computers sponsored by the navy MathematicalComputing Advisory Panel and the Office of Naval Research,June 1956,

[5] Royce, Winston W. (1970), Managing The Development ofLarge Software Systems, Proceedings of IEEE WESCON 26,August 1970,

[6] Beck Kent, Mike Beedle, Arie van Bennekum, Alistair Cockburn,Ward Cunningham, Martin Fowler, James Grenning, Jim

Highsmith, Andrew Hunt, Ron Jeffries, Jon Kern, Brian Marick,Robert C. Martin, Steve Mellor, Ken Schwaber, Jeff Sutherland,Dave Thomas (2001), Manifesto for Agile SoftwareDevelopment, available at Internethttp://agilemanifesto.org/

[7] Beck, Kent (2002), Introduktion til Extreme programming,IDG, 30-05-2002

[8] Mc Connell, Steve, Code Complete 2: A Practical Handbook ofSoftware Construction, Microsoft Press, 2004

[9] Beck, Kent (2002a), Test Driven Development by Example,Addison-Wesley , November 18, 2002

[10] Bulajic, Aleksandar, Sambasivam, Samuel, Stojic, Radoslav(2012), Overview of the Test Driven Development ResearchProjects and Experiments, Informing Science and InformationTechnology Education 2012 Conference (InSITE) in Montreal,Canada, June 22-27, 2012

[11] Cornett, S. (2011). Minimum acceptable code coverage,Bullseye testing Technology, 2006-2011

[12] Microsoft Solution Framework 3.0 Overview (2003),Microsoft Solution Framework White Paper, Microsoft, 2003

[13] May, Elaine L., Zimmer, Barbara A. (1996), The EvolutionaryDevelopment Model For Software, Hewlett-Packard Journal,August 1996

[14] Leffingwell, Dean, Widrig, Don (2000), Managing SoftwareRequirements : A Unified Approach, Addison-Wesley,2000

[15] IEEE Recommended Practice for Software RequirementsSpecification (1998), Software Engineering Standards Committeeof the IEEE Computer Society

[16] Wiegers, Karl E. (2003), Software Requirements, MicrosoftPress, A Division of Microsoft Corporation, One Microsoft Way,Redmond, Washington, 2003

[17] Sommerville, Ian (2001), Software Engineering 6

th

Edition,Pearson Education Limited

[18] IEEE Standard Glossary of Software Engineering Terminology(1990), IEEE-Std 610.12, IEEE Standard Board, September 28,1990

[19] Benington, Herbert D. (1956), Production of Large ComputersPrograms, Symposium on Advanced Programming Methods forDigital Computers sponsored by the navy MathematicalComputing Advisory Panel and the Office of Naval Research,June 1956,

[20] Royce, Winston W. (1970), Managing The Development ofLarge Software Systems, Proceedings of IEEE WESCON 26,August 1970

[21] Larman, Craig (2005), Applying UML and Patterns, PearsonEducation, 2005

[22] Cockburn, Alistair(2001), Writing Effective Use Cases,

Addison-Wesley

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http://www.dragonpoint.com/CompanyNewsletters/RequirementsCaptureKeys610.aspxhttp://www.dragonpoint.com/CompanyNewsletters/RequirementsCaptureKeys610.aspxhttp://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/yele/Course/IS372/Guest/Dawn%20Goulbourn/IBM%20PM%20presentation%20for%20DePaul.ppthttp://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/yele/Course/IS372/Guest/Dawn%20Goulbourn/IBM%20PM%20presentation%20for%20DePaul.ppthttp://agilemanifesto.org/http://agilemanifesto.org/http://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/yele/Course/IS372/Guest/Dawn%20Goulbourn/IBM%20PM%20presentation%20for%20DePaul.ppthttp://facweb.cs.depaul.edu/yele/Course/IS372/Guest/Dawn%20Goulbourn/IBM%20PM%20presentation%20for%20DePaul.ppthttp://www.dragonpoint.com/CompanyNewsletters/RequirementsCaptureKeys610.aspxhttp://www.dragonpoint.com/CompanyNewsletters/RequirementsCaptureKeys610.aspx


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The concept of the information system formanaging business processes of designing and

manufacturing ofosteofixation materialDragan Mii*, Milo Stojkovi*, Nikola Vitkovi*, Miroslav Trajanovi*, Miodrag Mani*, Nikola

Korunovi*, Jelena Milovanovi*

*Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Nis, [email protected],[email protected],[email protected],[email protected],

[email protected],[email protected],[email protected]

AbstractOne of the characteristics of modern productionis adapting products to specific customer requirements. Thisprinciple is applied in the industry for some time, but this isnot the case in medicine. The idea behind the information

system described in this paper is to support, improve andaccelerate manufacturing of medical supplies, which areadapted to the patients (customers). This IS will be appliedin process of design and manufacturing of osteofixationmaterial, in order to obtain high-quality productscustomized to the individual needs of patients. The MDsystem for business process management, developed at theFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, will be used as a tool forthe implementation and integration of the various activitiesin this processes.

I. INTRODUCTION

The project VIHOS (Virtual human osteoarticular

system and its application in preclinical and clinicalpractice) [1] is focused on developing various tools thatought to help doctors and engineers in specific segmentsof their work. The project deals with the development ofgeometrical and simulation models of human bones,internal and external fixators and the scaffolds. Also,

project addresses development of mathematical parametricmodels that, based on different types of radiology imageswhich come from doctors, generate the aforementionedmodels. Developing software which can be used asassistance with planning orthopedic operations is also oneof project's goals.

These tools are in fact independent software modules,often developed by using different software packages or in

different programming languages.One part of the project mentioned above refers to

creation of the production environment which will enablementioned services to be used and contribute to improvingthe quality of services which are offered in orthopedics.

Due to variety of applied techniques and tools, the mainproblem with defining information system which wouldtry to automate this process is integration of differentsoftware solutions.

By analyzing researches related to integration ofinformation systems used in medical facilities andenterprises which manufacture medical equipment, werealized that there are very few papers dealing with this

subject.When talking about use of information systems inmedicine, it's mainly referred to Health IS. Health

Information System (HIS) are dealing with processingdata, information and knowledge in health careenvironments [2].

These systems deal with information flow in medicalfacilities, but they are rarely connected to informationsystems of companies that make equipment used inhospitals.

In [3], for example, is described integration in medicinemanufacturing enterprises. They recommend use of SOAand RFID integration technologies.

Some authors are trying to apply Supply chainmanagement technologies in health care [4]. Thoseauthors emphasize the fact that supply chain managementin a health care setting is characterized by some uniquefeatures, which make it difficult to transfer knowledgefrom the industrial sector to a health care sector in a directway. The authors conclude that existing concepts, models

and supply chain practices can be extended to supplychain management in health services and existing researchunderpins the assumption that the health sector can benefitfrom the lessons learned in the industrial sector.

In this paper, we described integration of parts ofinformation system in hospital (orthopedical clinic) andenterprise(s) that manufacture osteofixation material.

Because of its flexibility, we chose Business ProcessManagement System technology (BPMS) to be the toolfor integration [5].

The flexibility which BPMS offer can be noticed inseveral aspects. These systems provide a very simple wayof creating business process model, which is later used toexecute particular instances. On that occasion there is noneed for any coding, so even the person without any

programming experience is able to define and change themodel.

The activities which are executed within processinstance can be automatic and manual. Automaticactivities are those that BPMS automatically executes bycalling third-party software modules, while manualactivities are executed by people (process participants).

The processes referred to in this particular case use bothautomatic and manual activities. So far we haveautomated parts of process for which developed softwareexists (such as generating geometrical models of human

bones based on radiology images coming from hospital),

while manual activities will be used for those parts ofprocess that are not yet automated.

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BPMS MD is used for executing and monitoring theactivities of this process.

II. BUSINESS PROCESS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM MD

Business Process Management System MD isdeveloped at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering in

Nis. Architecture of this system is shown in figure 1.In MD WfMS, workflows are defined by a processmanager, i.e. the manager who is responsible for planningand managing the process. Workflows are defined by a

person who is in charge of them, usually a businessprocess manager i.e. the manager who is responsible forplanning and managing the process. According to thatdefinition, the system administrator with the assistance of

an editor enters the process model. If the structure of theorganization allows that, it is possible for the processmanager to enter the process definitions himself. Thedefinition is entered by means of graphic process editor[6].

This system is not developed from scratch. The existingsystem Enhydra Shark was used as a system core, and itwas later extended with elements related to artificialintelligence. That means that the system is connected toexpert system in which is possible to define the ruleswhich will be used for exception handling. We use expertsystem created via JESS expert system shell [7]. This isthe Java rule based system, created in Sandia NationalLaboratories, from Livermore, California.

Exception

System coreProcess editor

XPDL

Expert

system

Process

definitionsProcess

instances

Business

data

Business environment

MD System users

Administrator

Knowledge

engineer

Knowledge

acquisiton

Database

Rules

Meta

rules

Processmanager

Fig. 1. MD BPMS architecture

III. THE PROCESS OF DESIGNING AND MANUFACTURINGOSTEOFIXATION MATERIAL

The information system described here should supportcreation of osteofixation material and its application to the

patient. Osteofixation material is a term that typicallyrefers to an assembly which consists of fixator, scaffoldand/or the graft. When the bone suffers less mechanicalload, the fixator isnt needed.

In this scenario, the owner of the automating process isa fictional company, whose mission is to deliver the final

product (osteofixation material) to the doctors.Depending on the type of the patients injury, there is a

possibility of using osteofixation material which isstandardized (doctor only takes the aids that are already instock) or it can happen that the injury is somehow

specific, in which case is needed to adapt aids to thepatient.

In cases when its necessary to adapt, informationsystem speeds up the whole process of designing anddeveloping tools, and its also responsible for achievingadequate quality. That can be done by arranging the whole

process, automating as many activities as possible and byusing knowledge management tools.

Depending on the type of the fracture, doctors andengineers have to deal with many problems. One of the

possibilities is that the patient is missing a part of a bone.If the missing part is large, it must be made for the patient

by reserve engineering and embedded. If the missing partis smaller, a scaffold is used to enable the bone toregenerate.

In case that it's a fracture at which there are no missingparts, then the goal of this process is to make a fixatorwhich will be adapted to patient's needs (this is the reason

for starting the process).

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The processes which we plan to define and followthrough the information system will consist of theactivities shown in figure 2.

As already mentioned, the activities in process can beautomatic or manual. Processes that only have automaticactivities are very rare and those are mainly cases whenthe BPMS is used for integration of computerapplications, in order to create a new one.

Real processes consist of both manual and automaticactivities, and the process described here is like that. Someof the listed activities are realized as manual. These arethe activities for which appropriate software doesn't existyet. There are also automated activities, such as activityCreation of cloud of points, when the correspondingalgorithm, that is able to define how the bone looks basedon radiology image, is called.

The process that we plan to define and monitor usinginformation system consists of the numerous activities.

After reviewing the patients condition, consilium ofsurgeons, based on radiology images, decide whichosteofixation material is most appropriate in that particularcase. If it is the case for standard osteofixation material,the information system can be used for selection of sizeand type of aids. If it is a fracture that requires customizedapproach the process of designing and developing the aidswill be lunched. Surgeons select company which can offerthey need in this particular case. Based on that, a systemadministrator of manufacturing company or surgeon,depending on organization of process, starts a new processinstance.

Figure 2: Process modelIn the next activity radiology images that are required

for work are collected. Those are X-ray images, CTimages or MRI images, or a combination of the above.Images mentioned here are in digital form. As such, theyenter in the process and become a part of data flowingthrough the process. That way they will be available inevery activity of the process in which they are required.

After collecting the images (which is done in a

hospital), surgeons should inform the information systemabout the chosen treatment. This decision defines whichbranch of the process will be executed; defines the method

of designing and manufacturing aids. There are severaltreatments that the information system can monitor. Thedoctor can decide if it is necessary to make the missing

part of the bone (which will be realized by using reverseengineering and in that case the personal model isrequired) or the scaffold is needed or just the fixatorshould be customized.

If the part of the bone is missing or the radiology

images are not good enough, it is necessary to createpersonal model of the bone. This model suits to theparticular patient. It is obtained on the basis of parametric

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bone model developed at the Faculty of MechanicalEngineering. If the radiology images are of good qualityand if the bone does not have any missing parts, then thegeometric model of the bone is created. In order to createthis model, we use reverse modeling.

If the personal model isn't necessary, the next activity isreverse modeling of a bone. Reverse modeling of a human

bones geometry using CAD software means generatingdigital 3D model of bones geometry from radiologyimage (CT, MRI). Importing the raw data into the CADsystem results in generating of one or more clouds of

points (discrete points of the tissue, which are scanned bysome of radiology methods). In the next phases ofremodeling, the geometrical features of higher order(curves, surfaces and solids) are being designed. Thereverse modeling procedure consists of several steps,which are presented by activities Creation of polygonalmodel and Creating of CAD model in the model of

process. The reverse modeling procedure for the bonegeometry is consisted of following steps [8]:

1. Importing and editing (filtering, aligning, etc.) ofclouds of points (activity Acquiring of clouds ofpoints),

2. Tessellation of polygonal model (mesh) by creating ahuge number of small triangular planar surfaces

between the points in the cloud, as well as editing ofpolygonal model (activity Creation of polygonalmodel).

3. Identification of RGEs (points, directions, planes andviews) (activity Creation of polygonal model),

4. Creating and editing the curves on polygonal modelof the bone (activity Creation of polygonal model)

In the next activity solid model is created based onpolygonal modal (activity Creation of solid model).If the surgeons decide that it's necessary to make the

missing part of a bone, a model of a specific bone iscreated based on a parametric model. In that case, there isa software solution, which partially automates the process.Developed software system prototype enables creation of

polygonal human femur model based on input data fromone or more X-ray images of a certain patient. The systemis based on application of the pre-created generic

parametrical point model, which is the most importantcomponent of the software system. Exchanging the valuesof parameters, acquired from X-ray images, CT or MRI

patient's scans, generic model is transformed into a subject

specific bone model. Parameters can be read from medicalimages manually (by measuring from X-ray images), orthrough adequate software (e.g. Mimics, Vitrea -DICOM).

The next activity in process is parameter measuring.That can be done by a surgeon (which is recommended),or an engineer.

Whether the entry (measuring) of the parameters wasdone by a surgeon or an engineer, the next activity is theverification of those parameters, done by a surgeon. Theverification is done by comparing with already known andrecommended values.

After the verification of the parameters comes the

creating of a cloud of points using a developed software.That's an automatic activity, which means that BPMScalls the corresponding application. Parametrical points

model can be treated as cloud of points model, and assuch, it can be used in any CAD application. The model is

based on anatomical points defined on B-spline curvescreated over input polygonal femur models. Use of B-spline curve enables creation of geometrical femur modelswith high geometrical and topological/morphological

precision. B-splines curves were defined in CAD software

(CATIA) and they are absolutely applicable for the use inthe generic shape design of free form surfaces (human

bones can be described as such), within this module. Thisapplication is defined in software

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