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Icelandic Flora
Image Source: www.runninginheels.com: The Jetsetting summer fling: Iceland
Plant Life is Poorly Developed
• Iceland spent the last ice age under a glacier • Only 470 species of higher plants United States: 19473
Image Source: Watts Up With That?
Deforestation • Before Humans: 1/3 birch wood • Today: 1% birch woods: erosion
Downy Birch:
Only tree native to Iceland
Image Source: Wikipedia Image Source: icelandroadguide.com
Battle With Erosion
Lyme Grass The main plant on windblown sands Intense root system binds the sand to prevent erosion Especially useful in highlands
Image Source: www.pfaf.org
Image Source: www.photoguide.is
Nootka Lupine Not native Grows well in loose soil Can create monoculters
Image Source: http://www.kevinmcnealphotography.com/
Flowers We May See
Image Source: http://veslaarctic.blogspot.com/
Image Source: http://www.photoscramble.com/
Image Source: sagebud.com
Image Source: donegal-wildlife.blogspot.com
Mountain Avens: gravel plains, peat lands
Harebell: woodlands, East Iceland
Bog Violet: moorlands
Arctic River-beauty: riverbanks
National Flower!
Many Desert-like Regions
Image Source: www.trekkingiceland.com
Mountain Screes Volcanic Activity
Image Source: www.fredhoogervorst.com
Much of the landscape not friendly to plantlife
Mountain Screes: course pebbles, steep
Volcanic activity: ashes lack minerals, poor water retention
Only the hardiest survive!
Moss Campion
Image Source: http://www.icelandnaturalistimages.com/
Image Source: icelandroadguide.com
Grows on hills and gravel plains
One deep root
Rocks and Ashes Tufted Saxifrage: Wherever rocks are present
Image Source: www.treknature.com
Sea Campion: Grows on sandy ashes
Image Source: Wikipedia