ICEBERG:Internet core for CEllularnetworks BEyond the thiRdGeneration

A research projectat the University ofCalifornia, Berkeley

Randy H. Katz Anthony D. Joseph

Cellular “Core” Network

Bridge to theFuture

Telecomm

s

Emerging Distributed System Architecture Spanning Processing and Access

Computing and Communications Platform: Millennium/NOW

Distributed Computing Services: Ninja

Active Services Architecture

MASH Media Processing Services

Distributed VideoconferencingRoom-scale Collaboration

TranSend ExtensibleProxy Services

ICEBERGComputer-Telephony Services

Speech and LocationAware Applications

Personal Information Management and “Smart Spaces”

MASH Active Services

• Services supported within the network– Service deployment/instantiation

» Service discovery service

– Service extension/customization

» JAVA or C++ programming model vs. TACC

– Service execution “platform” based on clusters

» Service Agent (servent): instance in execution

» Scalability, robustness based on soft-state, announce-listen

• 1st instance: Elan Amir’s video transcoding proxies– Manage video streams across bottleneck links

• 2nd instance: Angie Schuett’s video archive server– Introduce stateful services, more complex service deployment

MASH Active Services

• Platform Architecture– Cluster computing

– Multicast-based announce-listen protocols

• Platform Management– Resource management

– Load balancing, servent scaling to offered load, robust keep-alive mechanisms

• Service Environment– Defining services via

(MASH shell) scripts

• Service Management– Launching and halting

servents

– Decentralized via announce-listen + MC damping

• Platform Location– Locating a service

• Service Composition– Servent interaction to

enable processing pipelines

– E.g., servent client of another servent

• Service Control– Control protocols running

between clients and servents

NINJA Infrastructure

• Focus on component services

Vertically “integrated” services Component Services

E.g., dynamic composition, rapid deployment, reuse, data only, UI defined dynamically based on device/connection, competition at every level …

Units (end devices), Active Routers (soft-state), Bases (persistent state)

Operators, typed connectors, and paths

Experimental Testbed

NetworkInfrastructure

GSM BTS

Millennium Cluster

Millennium Cluster

WLANPager

IBMWorkPad

CF788

MC-16

MotorolaPagewriter 2000

Text

Speech

Image/OCR

306 Soda

326 Soda “Colab”

405 Soda

Ericsson

Smart SpacesPersonal Information Management

Fax

Personal Information Management

Universal In-box

Policy-basedLocation-basedActivity-based

Speech-to-Voice MailSpeech-to-Voice Attached-EmailCall-to-Pager/Email Notification

Email-to-SpeechAll compositions

of the above!

Industrial Sponsors:Committed and Potential

• Ericsson GSM basestation and telephony handsets

• IBM Workpad thin client access devices

• Lucent (GSM group and Inferno OS groups)

• Motorola two-way pagers

• Sun Microsystems Network Appliances Group

• ATT Internet Lab (Geoplex Menlo Park)

• Microsoft

• Intel Home Networking Group

• Xerox

• Sprint

• 3COM

ICEBERG Project Vision

• Third Generation Cellular Architectures:– Will support diverse air interfaces with different coverage,

bandwidth, latency characteristics

» TDMA, CDMA, wide-area, local-area, satellite, etc.

– Segregated circuit-switching for voice and packet-switching for data (e.g., GPRS)

• We Will Go Beyond the Third Generation:– A lower cost, more flexible core network can be built using

full packet-switching techniques

– Delay sensitive and delay insensitive flows are easier to support at the same time in a full packet-switching architecture

– Processing embedded in the network enables more rapid deployment of new kinds of applications and services

ICEBERG Project Goals

• Exploit Expertise in IP Protocol Suite and Proxy Architectures to– Demonstrate ease of new service deployment

» Packet voice for computer-telephony integration

» Speech- and location-enabled applications

» Complete interoperation of speech, text, fax/image across the four P’s: PDAs, pads, pagers, phones)

» Mobility and generalized routing redirection

– Demonstrate new system architecture to support innovative applications

» Personal Information Management• Universal In-box: e-mail, news, fax, voice mail

• Notification redirection: e.g., e-mail, pager

» Home networking and control of “smart” spaces, sensor/actuator integration• Build on experience with Colab, 306/405 Soda

ICEBERG Project Goals

• Understand – Implications for cellular network design based on IP technology

» IP network provisioning for scalability

» Pragmatic QoS for delay-sensitive flows

» Multinetwork mobility and security support

– How to use the emerging Ninja/Active Services infrastructure to

» Encapsulate existing applications services like speech-to-text

» Deploy and manage such computationally intensive services in the network

» Integrate other kinds of services, like mobility and redirection, inside the network

Project Strategy

AnalyzeExisting Systems

DesignNext

Generation

ImplementNew System

ns Simulations-- Ericsson channel error models-- GSM-based infrastructure-- GSM media access & link layer

GSM Infrastructure Elements-- Data over PBMS GSM Network-- GSM Base Station-- Integration with IP-infrastructure

Prototype Elements-- Handset/computer integration-- Java-enabled components-- ProActive infrastructure

Specific ICEBERG Project Areas

• Mobility Management

• Packet Scheduling in GPRS and W-CDMA

• Proxy- and Multicast-Enabled Services

Mobility Management

• Mobile IP-GSM Mobility Interworking– Mobile IP-GSM authentication interworking

– Scalability of Mobile IP/hierarchical agents

• Multicast support for mobility– Alternative approach for mobility based on M/C addresses

– Exploit multicast routing to reach mobile nodes without explicit handoff

– Combine with real-time delivery of voice and video

• Generalized redirection agents– Policy-based redirection: e.g., 1-800 service, email to pagers, etc.

– Redirection agents collocated with multicast tree branching points

Packet Scheduling

• Validated ns modeling suite for GSM media access, link layer, routing, and transport layers– GSM channel error models

• QoS-aware High Speed Circuit Switched Data (HSCSD), General Packet Radio System (GPRS), and Wideband CDMA (W-CDMA) link scheduling– RSVP signaling integration with bottleneck link scheduling

– Fairness and utilization for TCP and RTP flows

– Delay bound scheduling for R/T streams

– Exploiting asymmetries in downstream/upstream slot assignment, CDMA self-interference

New Services

• Proxies for Telephony-Computing Integration– GSM-vat-RTP interworking: handset-computer integration

– Encapsulating complex data transformations

» Speech-to-text, text-to-speech

– Composition of services

» Voice mail-to-email, email-to-voice mail

– Location-aware information services

» E.g., traffic reports

– Multicast-enabled information services

» Multilayered multicast: increasing level of detail as number of subscribed layers increase

Project Schedule

• Year 1: 1998– ns modeling, validation– GSM BTS-IP integration– Initial design of mobility interworking and intelligent

networking services

• Year 2: 1999– GSM-Wireless LAN integration– Design of information-push applications– Implement mobility interworking

• Year 3: 2000– Extend testbed with W-CDMA and GPRS– Roaming, scheduling, new applications demonstrations– Fine-tuning and documentation

Goals for Today

• Review where we are and determine who is working on what:– Infrastructure Building:

simulation models, testbed elements

– Performance and Modeling: data over cellular, GPRS scheduling

– Network Design Issues

» Mobility

» Scalability

– Service Architecture and Applications

• Realizable milestones for the summer:– 10 weeks between now and

August!

– Posters for June 10-12 BARWAN Retreat

» Excellent opportunity for industry feedback

– Ericsson 2 Day Review in Early August

» Initial results

» Demonstrations!