ICAF

I N T E G R A T E D

COMPRESSED AIRFOAM SYSTEMSSystems Inc.www.fireflex.comAlberta Industrial Fire Chiefs

History: FireFlex1990 Power Plants Unit1991 Commercial Unit2002 Second GenerationINTEGRATED SPRINKLER SYSTEMS

Expanding the concept:Extended range of configurations:Skid unitRemote controlled unitSelf-contained unitINTEGRATED SPRINKLER SYSTEMS

Integrated Clean Agent SystemsFireFlex 1230

Integrated Clean Agent SystemsFireFlex DUAL

AgendaCOMPRESSED AIR FOAM (CAF) TECHNOLOGY: Introduction & historyDescriptionFire Tests

Alberta Industrial Fire Chiefs

AgendaICAF SYSTEM:ComponentsDesignApplicationsCase StudiesCONCLUSIONAlberta Industrial Fire Chiefs

1941: Hose lines by US Army during WWII

1994: First fixed piping tests for CDN Navy

2001: Licensing agreement with NRCC

2004: FM Approval: HydrocarbonsCAF TECHNOLOGYHistory:

2006: NFPA-11, TIA # 05-1: New foam type2006: FM Approval enhanced: Polar solvents2007: Meets FM 5130 requirements2007: Simultaneous CAF & Spkr Discharge Testing - FM Approved2008 : NFPA 850 - 851 CAF New Option 2009 : FM 7-29 Flam. Liquid Portable Storage

CAF TECHNOLOGYHistory and industry recognition :

Foam Type Expansion ratio

Low expansion 1:20 CAF 10:1

Medium expansion 20:200

High expansion200:1000

Introduction : Fire-fighting foamsNFPA 11

3 basic components of foam :

Foam Concentrates Synthetic AFFFs

Foam Generation Aeration vs. agitation

Delivery & Distribution SystemIntroduction : Fire-fighting foams

Performance : 2 contributing factors

Greater Exp Ratio high end of low ex

Long Drain time ability to hold water

Introduction : Foam Quality - Low expExtinguishing Mechanism - seals fuel surfaceCAF - Improved physical separation on top of fuel

Description: Compressed Air Foam (CAF)CAF TECHNOLOGY Uniform & stable Robust foam blanket Low-Ex : 10:1 New foam type

Foam ConcentrateCompressed AirCAFAn homogenous foam produced by combiningWaterMixing ChamberDescription:Piping NetworkCAF NozzlesICAF CabinetCAF TECHNOLOGY

Lower design densities:Uses 4 times less waterDescription: Compressed Air Foam (CAF)CAF TECHNOLOGY

Shorter discharge durations:

5 minutes on Specific Hazard Configuration10 minutes on Ceiling Nozzle Configuration

with automatic shut-off after foam dischargeDescription: Compressed Air Foam (CAF)CAF TECHNOLOGY

Foam Concentrates:

Hydrocarbons: National Foam Aer-O-Lite 3% AFFF & Aer-O-Water 3EM 3% AFFF (MIL Spec.)Polar Solvents: Ansul Ansulite 3X3 LV Alcohol Resistant AFFF Description: Compressed Air Foam (CAF)CAF TECHNOLOGY

Foam concentrate :Non-toxic & BiodegradableStorage: 20F (-7C) and 120F (49C)Shelf-life: 15-25 years

Ref. NFPA-11 Annex FDescription: Compressed Air Foam (CAF)CAF TECHNOLOGY

Compressed Air FoamDescription: Comparing foam consistenciesFoam-WaterCAF TECHNOLOGY

UL 162Spill FireFire tests: Class 'B' - Flammable LiquidsTransformersCAF TECHNOLOGY'Critical' ApplicationsTypical sprinklers

Description: Typical System LayoutIntegrated CabinetFoam TankAir CylindersDistribution NozzlesPiping NetworkICAF SYSTEM(water tank also available)

Description: Typical System LayoutIntegrated SkidAir CylindersICAF SYSTEMFoam TankTwin HazardsTrim Cabinet(water tank also available)

Air CylindersCAF TECHNOLOGYComponents: Integrated SystemWater TankIntegrated SkidFoam Tank

Turbine action rotary nozzlesceiling & specific hazard configurationsComponents: Foam NozzlesICAF SYSTEM

Ceiling Nozzle Configuration:

Max. spacing: 12-3" x 12-3" (10-0" x 10-0" on polar solvents) Max. dimension: 16 ft. (irregular spacing) Max. height: 46 ft. (35 ft. on polar solvents)Components: Foam NozzlesICAF SYSTEMTAR-225C

Typical discharge patternComponents: Foam NozzlesICAF SYSTEM

TAR-225C Nozzle:

Balanced flows with bullhead tees Small pipe sizes 150 ft2 per nozzle 4800 ft2 per zoneComponents: Foam NozzlesICAF SYSTEM

Components: Foam NozzlesICAF SYSTEMSpecific hazard configuration: Aimed directly at hazard surface 7 ft. diam. discharge pattern 10 ft. horizontal throw Effective on cascading firesTAR-225L

Balanced flowsGroups of 2, 4, 8, 16 or 32 nozzlesSame equiv. length for each branch pipe Bullhead teesComponents: Foam NozzlesICAF SYSTEM

Components: Foam NozzlesICAF SYSTEMTypical discharge patterns

Coverage on cascading fireComponents: Foam NozzlesICAF SYSTEM

Components: Piping requirementsICAF SYSTEMPiping:Black or GalvanizedSch.10 or 40ASTM A-795, A-53 & A-135Hangers per NFPA-13Fittings:Threaded, Grooved, Welded or flangedCast iron Class 125, ASME B16.4 Malleable iron Class 150, ASME B16.3 Improved hydraulics: Feed Main up to 500 ft. (tested and listed) Elevation losses only 10% of water (0.04 psi vs. 0.43)

Components: New ICAF NozzlesICAF SYSTEMFPO Oscillating Nozzle: Low level mounting 2 to 4 diam. Inlet pipe 90 or 180 discharge patternFPO-4-90

Components: ICAF NozzlesICAF SYSTEMNew FPO Oscillating Nozzle:

Up to 92 ft. throw 90 or 180 degree arc of oscillation Densities:- Hydrocarbon: 0.025 GPM/Ft2 at 3%- Polar solvents: 0.06 GPM/Ft2 at 6% (FM Approval in progress)FPO-4-90

Components: ICAF NozzlesICAF SYSTEMFPO Nozzle Applications: Aircraft hangars Helipads Loading/unloading racks Diked areasFPO4-90

Examples of application: Hydraulic Presses Diesel Generators Lube Oil Skids Diesel Fuel Storage & RefuelingICAF SYSTEM

Examples of application: Rolling Mills Pump rooms Fuel Pumping Stations Methanol Storage Etc.ICAF SYSTEM

Case Studies:Oil Storage RoomsAircraft HangarsTransformersICAF SYSTEM

ICAF Projects / Deciding FactorsCONCLUSION

Costs Comparisons: 45,000 ft2 Aircraft HangarICAF SYSTEM

Water supply eliminate / reduce size of water tanks & fire pumps

Drainage / Containment eliminate / reduce size of drainage systems and spill tanks, oil separators

Reasons to use CAF Systems CONCLUSION

System performanceeffective extinguishing mechanism

Environmental impact Less water & foamReduced disposal costs of AFFFPotential for LEED pointsCONCLUSION Reasons to use CAF Systems

Sustainable Fire ProtectionThank you !www.fireflex.com Alberta IndustrialFire Chiefs

Information required for pricingTo determine foam type and nozzle spacingType of product involved, provide MSDS if availableHydrocarbon or Polar SolvantsTo establish the nozzle layoutDrawing or sketch of the area(s) to be protectedPlan view showing dimensions and ceiling heightElevation view required for 3D hazard such as transformerDimensions and location of obstructions that may affect discharge patternBeamsColumnsDuctsEquipment

Information required for pricingTo determine the system sizeIdentify the fire scenarioHow many zones could be actuated simultaneously

Will multiple areas be protected by a single systemSingle zone system or multiple zone systemCould be a multiple zone system design for the largest zoneAdvantages to use a common foam tank and cylinder bank

What is the minimum discharge time ?5 minutes for specific hazard applications such as transformers10 minutes for ceiling nozzle applications20 minutes recommended for aircraft hangars

To complete evaluationDetermine if minimum water supply is availableBased of minimum flow and pressure established during designDetermine if available water supply is sufficientMay require fire pump if pressure is not sufficientMay require stand alone water tank if flow is not sufficientFireflex can offer a pressure vessel type tank up to 2000 US-gallons

To complete evaluationDetermine actuation meansWhat type of fire detection is require ?There are no specific requirements for the ICAF SystemHeat, rate of rise or compensated, Protectowire, UV-IR, beam could be used to actuate the system Does the hazard area require explosion-proof or weather proof wiring and devices ?Are there any devices that need to be shut down prior to discharge ?

To complete evaluationIdentify possible location of system and maintenance areaIdentify preferred piping routeIdentify any obstructions to the piping routeRecord dimensions of possible mechanical roomWill a discharge test be done ?

Start UL-162

UL-162 Based TestsTest Requirements: Density: 0.10 gpm/ft2 Foam-water sprinklers @ 15 ft. highExtinguishment: 5 min. max.Max. 25% foam drainage after 30 sec.Min. 5 min. burn back resistanceFIRE TESTS

Test set-up:

50 ft2 Heptane pan4 nozzles at 40 ft. H.12-3" x 12-3" spacing15 sec. pre-burn5 min. discharge UL-162 Based TestsFIRE TESTS

Comparing: Foam-water sprinklersAFFF 3% solution0.16 gpm/ft2 density

Vs.

TAR nozzlesAFFF 2% solution0.04 gpm/ft2 density UL-162 Based TestsFIRE TESTS

UL-162 Based TestsComparing extinguishing performances nozzles at 402% AFFF CAF 0.04 gpm/ft3% AFFF Foam-Water 0.16 gpm/ftFIRE TESTS

UL-162 Test #2 Nozzles at 40 ft.5:005:00UL1623:300:3025% Drainage (min:sec)0.04**0.16**Density (gpm/ft2)2%3%AFFF concentration26:0017:09Burn back resistance (min:sec)1:171: 42Extinguishing time (min:sec)CAFFoam-Water** UL safety factor of 1.6 includedFIRE TESTS0.100:30Hydrocarbon Liquid:

Start Safety Factors

UL Safety FactorsNormal flow: 0.04 gpm / ft2, 2% AFFFReduced water flow: factors of 1.33 & 1.64Increased water flow: factor of 1.6Foam-water sprinkler: 0.16 gpm / ft2, 3% AFFFFIRE TESTS

UL Safety Factors - Comparing densitiesFoam-water at 0.16CAF at 0.04CAF at 0.064CAF at 0.024Densities in gpm/sq.ft.FIRE TESTS

10:001:103.3%0.024CAF TAR3%1.2%2.0%AFFF Concent.17:091:400.16Foam-Water16:501:310.064CAF TAR0.04Density (gpm/ft2)30:501:00CAF TARBurn back Time (min:sec)Extinguishment time (min:sec)TestUL Safety FactorsFIRE TESTS

Normal Design Density (0.04 gpm/ft2):Safety factor greater than 1.64Both for extinguishment & burn-back protectionIncreased & Reduced Densities:Better performance than foam-water sprinklersUL Safety FactorsFIRE TESTS

Start Spill Test

Test set-up:20 x 20 test padContinuous flow of Heptane at 6 gpm10.7 ft2 shielded areaNozzles at 35 ft.Spill Fire (Class B - flammable liquids)FIRE TESTS

4 x Foam-water sprinklers3% AFFF at 0.16 gpm/ft2 density vs.4 x TAR CAF nozzles2% AFFF at 0.04 gpm/ft2 densitySpill Fire (Class B - flammable liquids)FIRE TESTS

150 ft2 Heptane spill before ignition15 sec. pre burnbefore system activationSpill Fire (Class B - flammable liquids)FIRE TESTS

Comparisons of extinguishing performancesSpill Fire (Class B flammable liquids)2% AFFF CAF 0.04 gpm/ft3% AFFF Foam-Water 0.16 gpm/ftFIRE TESTS

*** Fuel flow had to be manually stopped !4:581:55ICAFN/A *** 1:30Foam-Water100% Extinguishment time (min:sec)99% Extinguishment time (min:sec)TechnologySpill Fire (Class B - flammable liquids)FIRE TESTS

Shielded area before CAF build-upShielded area during CAF build-upSpill Fire (Class B - flammable liquids)FIRE TESTS

100% fire extinguishmentNo flammable liquid overflowCAF build up under shielded areaAlways on top of fuelLimits runoffSpill Fire (Class B - flammable liquids)FIRE TESTS

Start TransformersTest

Transformers: (Class B - flammable liquids)Typical protection: NFPA-15 Deluge system 22 water spray nozzles Requires 240 gpmFIRE TESTS

Transformers: (Class B - flammable liquids)Test Setup: 20 gpm Volt Esso 35 Transformer OilPre-heated to 167F (75C)8 x TAR-225L Nozzles2% AFFF at 42.3 gpmFIRE TESTS

Comparing extinguishing performancesTransformers: (Class B - flammable liquids)2% AFFF CAF 0.04 gpm/ft (42.3 gpm)Water Spray Deluge 0.25 gpm/ft (240 gpm)FIRE TESTS

Transformers: (Class B - flammable liquids)1.363.542.31:30ICAF09402403:55DelugeFoam (gal)Water (gal)Flow (gpm)Extinguishment Time (min:sec)SystemTest Results:FIRE TESTS

Start Critical ApplicationsTest

UL-162 Based TestsCritical Applications - Hydrocarbons: 50 ft2 Heptane pan Alcohol Resistant AFFF Density: 0.06 gpm/ft2 ICAF nozzles @ 35 ft. high10-0 x 10-0 spacingFIRE TESTS

UL-162 Based Tests - Critical Applications:FIRE TESTS

UL-162 Based TestsCritical Applications - Hydrocarbons: Extinguishment: 41 seconds25% foam drainage after 30 minutesBurn back resistance: Self extinguishment !

Alternate:3% AFFF MIL Spec. ConcentrateDensity: 0.04 gpm/ft2Extinguishment: 38 secondsFIRE TESTS

Start Typical SprinklersTest

UL-162 Based TestsSprinklers on Heptane Fire: Water onlyUpright sprinklers (K = 11.2)Mounted at 35 ft. high Density: 0.60 gpm/ft2

Extinguishment: NO ! Control onlyFIRE TESTS

UL-162 Based Tests Water Sprinklers:FIRE TESTS

Start Case StudyOil Storage

Underground facility 83 ft. x 35 ft. 10 x 8,000 gal. transformer oil storage tanksCase Studies: Oil Storage RoomICAF SYSTEM

3000(12 min.)250Hi-Ex2140 (10 min.)214ICAF36000 (60 min.)600Foam WaterWater Used(US Gal)Water Flow (gpm)TechnologyCase Studies: Oil Storage RoomICAF SYSTEM

Actual ICAF System footprintCase Studies: Oil Storage RoomICAF SYSTEM

ICAF System arrangementCase Studies: Oil Storage RoomICAF SYSTEM

After 2 minutes foam discharge testCase Studies: Oil Storage RoomICAF SYSTEM

Minimal residues left after 16 hoursCase Studies: Oil Storage RoomICAF SYSTEM

Start Case StudyAircraft Hangar

Existing hangar: Limited water supply & restricted drainageCase Studies: Aircraft HangarsICAF SYSTEM

Dimensions:184 x 250 (46,000 ft2) ceiling at 32 ft.320 x TAR Nozzles installed at 26 ft. (+ 16 nozzles under a gantry)5 zones with 64 nozzles eachCase Studies: Aircraft HangarsICAF SYSTEM

View of the hangar spaceCase Studies: Aircraft HangarsICAF SYSTEM

5 zones piping layoutCase Studies: Aircraft HangarsICAF SYSTEM

2 levels ICAF System mechanical roomCase Studies: Aircraft HangarsICAF SYSTEM

Cabinets, foam tanks & compressed air cylindersCase Studies: Aircraft HangarsICAF SYSTEM

2 x 2000 gpm diesel fire pumpsCase Studies: Aircraft HangarsICAF SYSTEM

Full discharge test videoCase Studies: Aircraft HangarsICAF SYSTEM

Foam coverage after discharge testCase Studies: Aircraft HangarsICAF SYSTEM

Start Case StudyTransformers

475 (5 min.)9516ICAF5000 (10 min.)50044DelugeWater Used(US gal)Water Flow(gpm)Nozzle QtySystemDeluge / ICAF Comparison:Case Studies: Power TransformersICAF SYSTEM

ICAF System Piping LayoutCase Studies: Power TransformersICAF SYSTEMTopFront

Case Studies: Power TransformersICAF SYSTEMICAF System Piping LayoutSideIsometric

Case Studies: Power TransformersICAF SYSTEMActual ICAF System footprint

Start Burn Back

Foam undisturbed for 15 minutes1 ft. diam. opening in foam blanketManual re-ignition of fire after 1 min.Max. burn back of 10 ft2 after 5 min.UL-162: Burn Back TestsFIRE TESTS

Opening is created in foam blanketUL-162: Burn Back TestsFIRE TESTS

Free fuel is re ignited in the openingUL-162: Burn Back TestsFIRE TESTS

Pipe is removed and fire is allowed to burn freelyUL-162: Burn Back TestsFIRE TESTS

10 ft2 max. burn-back area after 5 min.UL-162: Burn Back TestsFIRE TESTS

Start Components

ICAF SYSTEMComponents: Foam Generation TrimWater supply50 to 175 psiMixing chamber1", 1", 2" or 3"Releasing trim: Electric, Pneumatic, or FailsafeManual releaseCAF outlets (up to 3)Flow control valveDrain

FireFlex ARC-1:Microprocessor basedFactory programmedLCD AnnunciatorUser friendly interfaceComponents: Releasing PanelICAF SYSTEM

FireFlex ARC-1:EMI resistant Programmable I/O cctsTimers & countersAuxiliary relaysEmergency batteriesComponents: Releasing PanelICAF SYSTEM

No bladder Stainless steelPressure vessel type (ASME Sect. VIII, Div. 1)Up to 550+ gallonsComponents: Foam SupplyICAF SYSTEM

Components: Foam SupplyFoam outletAir supply inletFoam level sight tubeFoam refilling valvePressure vessel type tank (normally non-pressurized)Siphon tubeICAF SYSTEM

Factory assembled4, 6, 8 or 10 cyl. skidPressure transducerField refilling portLabor reducingComponents: Air SupplyICAF SYSTEM

Pressure outlet (100psi)Pressure sensorPressure gaugeRefilling portFactory adjusted pressure regulatorComponents: Air SupplyICAF SYSTEM

Links to Slide: #30 (UL-162) | #38 (Spill Fire) | #46 (Transformers) | #80 (R&D)Links to Slides: #51 (Oil Storage) | #60 (Hangars) | #75 (XFormers)Page accessed with link on Slide #8 (Fire Tests)Link to Slide #36 (Safety Factors) | Link returning to Slide #8 (Fire Tests)Slide accessd from link on Slide #34 | Links back to Slides #8 (Fire tests) or #9 (System)Slide accessed through link on Slide #8 (Fire Tests)Link back to Slide #8 (Fire tests)Slide accessed through link on Slide #8 (Fire tests)Link back to Slide #8 (Fire Tests)Page accessed with link on Slide #8 (Fire Tests)Page accessed with link on Slide #8 (Fire Tests)Page accessed with link on Slide #8 (Fire Tests)Page accessed with link on Slide #8 (Fire Tests)Page accessed with link on Slide #8 (Fire Tests)Slide accessed through link on Slide #22 (Case Studies)Link back to Slide #22 (Case Studies)Link back to Slide #22 (Case Studies)Slide accessed through link on Slide #22 (Case Studies)Link back to Slide #22 (Case Studies)

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ICAF