Ibnulyemen Arabic Attached Pronouns · 2020. 3. 3. · ﻲ in front of me).They are more like the object of prepositions in English, that is the nouns or pronouns that follows the

Ibnulyemen Arabic

Attached Pronouns

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ي ه

و ه ي ن ت ك ل م ا ه م

ن ه ي ن ك ل م ي ن ك ل م ت ي ن ا ك ل م ه م

أ ن ا ك ل م ـ أ ن ا ي ن ن ك ل م ي ن ك ل م يـ ي ن ان ك ل م ي ي ن و

م ي ن و ن ك ل م ي ائ ر ــــــــــــــــ ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ ـــــــــــــــــــ� ــــــــــ ـــــ الض ل ص

م ت ال� ــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ ـــــــــــــــــــ� ـــــــــــــــ

ة

ي ن ن ك ل م ي ك ل م ـ ن ح ن ن ح ن ن ا ن ك ل م ن ا و

ن ا ن ك ل م ي ن ا ك ل م ن اا ك ل م ن ا و ن ك ل م ي ن ه ن ا ك ل م يـ ن ات ك ل م ن ا ان ك ل م ي ه م و ه ن ا ك ل م ت ا ه م

ي ه

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© Ibnulyemen Arabic - 2020 (1)

الم ت ص ر ائ ـــــ ـــــ الض م The Attached Pronouns - ل ة ـــــ ـــــ

الض م ائ ) أ( الم ج ر و ر ة ( ر ل ة م ال ) ت ص ب الأ س م اء Adjective (Genitive) Pronouns Attached to Common Nouns

ض م ي لا ر pronoun type

ع د د ال number

م ن ف ص ل separate

ل ص م ت attached

م ث ال example

م ي ر ض م ت ك ل م ال

first person pronoun

م ف ر د singular

أ ن ا I

ي ــ my

ال ح ق ي ي ف يـ ق ل م . ب ة My pen is in the bag.

ج م ع plural

ن ح ن we

ن اــour

ص د ي ق ي م ن ال م ن ن اـ . Our friend is from Yemen.

م ي ر ض ـم خ ا ال ط ب

second person pronoun

د ر ف م singular

م ذ ك ر masculine

أ ن ت you

ك ــyour

ص د ي ق غ ر ف ة ال ف ي ك ـ . Your friend is in the room.

م ؤ ن ث feminine

أ ن ت you

ك ــyour

ي ج ر ي ك ـ ك ل ب م ن ت ز ه ال ف ي . Your dog runs in the park.

ى ن م ث dual (masc. & fem.)

أ ن ت م ا you (both)

ك م ا ــ your

ه ل ي ش ر ح أ س ت اذ ك م ا الد ر س ؟ Does your teacher explain the lesson?

ج م ع plural


أ ن ت م you (all)

ك م ــyour

ق د ص ل و أ ب و م ن ك م . م ل ع ل ا Your father has arrived from work.

ث ؤ ن م feminine

أ ن ت ن you (all)

ك ن ــyour

ي ق ت ص د ت ط ب خ ال ك ن ـ . ع ش اء Your friend is cooking dinner.

ض م ي ر ائ ب غ ال

third person pronoun



و ه he

ه ــhis

ه ات ف ال غ ر ف ة ف ي ه ـ . His phone is in the room.


ي ه she

ه اــher

ح ق ي ب ت الس ر ي ر ت ح ت ه اـ . Her bag is under the bed.

م ث ن ى dual

ا ه م they (both)

ه م اــ their

ه ذ ه س ي ار ت ه م اـ ج د ي د ة ال . This is their new car.

ج م ع plural


ه م they

ه م ــtheir

ك ت ب ال ف ص ل ي ف م ه ـ . Their books are in the classroom.


ه ن They

ه ن ــtheir

الي اب ان م ن ن ا ه ي ه ن ـ ت ق ي ص د . Their friend Hina is from Japan. These pronouns are like the possessive pronouns in English (my, our, your … etc.), hence اب ـ

ك ت ي my book, ك ت اب ـ ن ا our book, ك ت اب ـ their book, and so forth. They are attached to indefinite nouns and make them definite. structurally, this ه م combination forms a genitive construction ة إ

اف ض . So, regardless of the position of the genitive construction, the

attached pronouns are always in a genitive position اف � ه م ض إ ل� (literally, an added noun to a preceding noun).


الض م ائ ) ب( ر و ر م ج لا( ر ل ة م ال ) ة ت ص ال ح ر و ف ب الظ ر و ف و Object (Genitive) Pronouns Attached to Prepositions and Adverbs

الض م ي ر pronoun type



م ت ص لattached

م ث ال example

ض م ي ر م ك ل ت الم



أ ن ا I

ي ــ me

ه ذ ا ا ل ق ل م . يـ ل This pen is for me.

ج م ع plural

ن ح ن we

ن اــUs

ه ل ت ب ح ث ؟) ن ا+ ع ن ( ن اـ ع Are you looking for us?

ض م ي ر ـم خ اط ب ال




أ ن ت you

ك ــyou

و ر أ ن ا ف خ . ك ب ـ I am proud of you.

ث ن م ؤ feminine

أ ن ت you

ك ــyou

أ ر ي د أ ن أ م ع ـ ت ح د ث . ك I want to speak with you.

م ث ن ى dual (masc. & fem.)


م ا ك ــyou

خ ل ف ـ ة ر ا الس ي ك م ا ، ا ن ت ب ه ا ! The car is behind you, be careful!

ج م ع plural



ك م ــyou

م ن ـ ة خ ائ ف ي ه . ك م She is afraid of you.



ك ن ــyou

ل س س ار ة ج س ت . ك ن ـ م ام أ Sarah will sit in front of you.

ض م ي ر ائ ب غ ل ا




و ه he

ه ــhim

ن ذ ه ب س ه ن ـ و ب د We will go without him.


ي ه she

ه اــher

ل ن ا د خ ب ع د ي ت الب . ا ه We entered the house after her.

م ث ن ى dual


ه م اــ them

ل ن أ ع ت م د ع ل ي ـ ه م ا . I won’t rely on them.

ج م ع plural

ذ ك ر م masculine

ه م they

ه م ــthem

ذ ه ب ت . ه مـ إ ل ي I went to them.

ؤ ن ث م feminine

ه ن they

ه ن ــthem

ل ن ا و ص ق ب ل ـ . ه ن We arrived before them. These pronouns are attached to prepositions

ح ر و ف ال� يـ ف such as , ج ر ‘in’ ( ه اـ ف � in it),

إ ل�ـى ‘to’ ( � ـ

إ ل� ن ا to us), and

ع �

� ‘on’ ( � ـ

ع ل�م

ك�

on you) and adverbs of place ظ ر و ف ال� ان �

م �� , such as ت ح ت ‘under’ ( ت ح ت ـ ف , (under him ه

خ ل� ‘behind’ ( ف ـ

خ ل� ه ن behind them), and

م ام أ� ‘in front of’ ( م ام ـ

أ �ي in front of me).They are more like the object of prepositions in English, that is the nouns or

pronouns that follows the preposition. In Arabic, nouns and pronouns that follow prepositions are called ا س م م ج ر و ر , that is they are in the genitive case. So, these attached pronouns are called

م ائ ر ال

الض � م ج ر و ر ة .


ض م ائ ر ) ج( ل ف اع ل ا ل ة م ال ) ف ع ر ال( ت ص ف ع ل الم اض ي ب ال Subject (Nominative) Pronouns Attached to Perfective (past) Verbs




م ت ص لattached

م ث ال example

ض م ي ر م ت ك ل م ال


د ر م ف singular

أ ن ا I

ت ــI

ذ ه ب إ ل ى الس و ق ت أ م س . I went to the market yesterday.

ج م ع plural

ن ح ن we

ن اــwe

ج ل س ـ ف ة غ ر ف ي ا ن ج ل و س ال . We sat in the living room.





أ ن ت you

ت ــyou

ه ل ك ت ب ؟ اج و ال ت ـ ب Did you write the homework?


أ ن ت you

ت ــyou

د ر س ـ ن أ ي الل غ ة الع ت ر ب ي ة ؟ Where did you study Arabic language?



ت م ا ــ you

أ ي ن ذ ه ب ت م اـ ؟ Where did you (both) go?

ج م ع plural

ر ك م ذ masculine


ت م ــyou

ش اه د ل ه ت م الم ب ار ة ؟ا Did you (all) watch the match?

م ؤ ن ث Feminine


ت ن ــyou

ه ل ك ت ب ـ ؟ ت ن الو اج ب Did you (all) write the homework?




م ذ ك ر Masculine

و ه he

*ـ ـhe

ذ ه ب إ ل ى الس و ق . He went to the market.


ي ه she

)ت ــ( *ــshe

ذ ه ب ـ إ ل ى الم د ر س ة ت . She went to (the) school.

ى ن م ث dual

ا م ه they (both)

ات ــ / اــthey

(both)

. ر س الد ات ـ ب ت ك ان ن ت ب لاThe 2 girls (they ‘both’) wrote the lesson.

الو ل د ان ك ت ب الد ر س اـ . The 2 boys (they ‘both’) wrote the lesson.

ج م ع plural


ه م they

وا ــthey

س اف ر ا م . ي ن الص ى إ ل و ا They did not travel to China.


ه ن they

ن ــthey

الب ن ات ل ع ب ـ الغ ر ف ة ف ي ن . The girls (they) played in the room. These pronouns are attached to the perfective (past) verb

ال� ف ع ل ي الم ا� ض , such as ت ب ـ

ك �ت ب ـ ,’I wrote‘ ت

ك � ن ا ‘we wrote’ ت ب ـ

ك �وا ‘they

wrote’ and so forth. They function as a subject اع ل ف , hence nominative و ع ة

م ر ف and are called م ائ

ض ع ال ر � ر ف ‘nominative

pronouns.’ The (*) indicates that the subject is implied م س � ت ت (not overt) and is often understood from the structure of

the verb; the ـــتـ / ــت (in red) is the feminine marker (not the subject).


ض م ائ ر ) د( م ف ع ال ل ة م ال ) الن ص ب ( ل و ت ص ف ع ل الم اض ي ب ال Object (Accusative) Pronouns Attached to Perfective (past) Verbs



ص ل ف م ن separate

م ت ص لattached

ال ث م example

ض م ي ر م ل ك م ت ال



أ ن ا I

ي ــ me

ه ل س م ع ؟ يـ ن ـت ـ Did you hear me?

ع ج م plural

ن ح ن we

ا ن ــus

د مح ن ا ار ز أ م س م . Mohammed visited us yesterday.





ت ن أ you

ك ــyou

و ع د أ ن أ ذ ه ب ك ت . I promised you to go.


أ ن ت you

ك ــyou

س م ع م ا . ك تـ I did not hear you.


أ ن ت ا م you (both)

ك م ا ــ you

. ا م ك تــ ع ـ م س ا م I did not hear you (both).

ج م ع plural



ك م ــyou

ل م ا ط ر د ذ ا ؟المعلم ك م Why did the teacher dismiss you (all)?



ك ن ــyou

ب ر ه ل أ خ ؟علي ن ك Did Ali inform you (all)?





و ه he

ـه ــhim

س م ع ي ص ي ح ه نـا . We heard him screaming.


ي ه she

ـه ا ــher

ق د . ة اد ع ي ال إ ل ى ه ا و ذ أ خ They already took her to the clinic.

م ث ن ى dual


ه م اــ them

(both) ـه م ا تـ أ ي ر ف ي الش ار ع .

I saw them (both) on the street.

ج م ع plural


ه م they

ـه م ــthem

ش اه د . ه ت ز ن م ف ي ال ه م نا We saw them in the park.

ث ن م ؤ feminine

ه ن they

ـه ن ــthem

الس ب اح ه ن تــ ع ل م . ة I taught them swimming. These pronouns are attached to the perfective (past) verb

ال�ي ف ع ل الم ا� ض , such as م ي ن ـتــ ع س ‘you heard me’, س م ع ـ ن او ‘they

heard us’ م ه م ع ـت ـ س ‘she heard them’, and so forth. They function as an object م ف ع و ل (i.e. the receiver of the action), hence accusative ة م � � ن ص and are called م ائ ر

ض ب accusative pronouns.’ The nouns / attached pronouns in red are subject‘ الن ص

pronouns م ائ ر ض

فاع ل that is the subject ,(i.e. doers of the action) ل اع

ف of the verb.


ض م ائ ر ) هـ( ف اع ل ال ر ف ع ال( ف ع ل ب ال ل ة ت ص م ال ) الم ض ار ع م ر ف وع ال Subject (Nominative) Pronouns Attached to Indicative Imperfective (present) Verbs

ر ي م ض لاpronoun type



م ت ص لattached

م ث ال example

ض م ي ر م ت ك ل م ال



أ ن ا I

* .. أ I

ذ ه ب أ إ ل ى الس و ق . ة ع م ج ك ل I go to the market every Friday.

ع ج م plural

ن ح ن we

* .. نـwe

ش ر ب ـن ق ه و ة ال ع د ال ب غ د اء . We drink coffee after lunch.

ي ر م ض ـم خ ا ال ط ب




ت أ ن you

* .. تـyou

ت ك ل م ـت ه ل الأ ل م ا ؟ ن ي ة do you speak German?


أ ن ت you

ي ن .. ـت you

الل غ ة الع ر ب ن ي ـ ر س د ـت ن أ ي ي ة ؟ Where do you study Arabic language?



ان .. تـyou

ه ل ل ع ب ـت ان ؟ س ل ة لا ة ك ر Do you (both) play basketball?

ج م ع plural



ن و .. تـyou

اذ ا ل م ج ل س تـ ه ن ا؟ ن و Why do you sit here?



ـن ـ .. تـyou

ه ل د ر س تـ ؟ ال ن ـ ط ب Do you study medicine?





و ه he

* .. يـhe

ه ل د ر س ي م ي اء ؟ ك ي ال Does he study chemistry?


ي ه she

* .. تـshe

ه ل غ ن اال ح ب تـ ء ؟ She likes singing.

م ث ن ى dual


ان .. ـي ان .. تـ

they (both)

ن ت ان الب الر ي اض ي ات ان ـ ر س د تـ . The 2 girls (they both) study math.

الو ل د ان د ر س يـ ار ي خ الت ان ـ . The 2 boys (they both) study history.

ج م ع plural

ك ر م ذ masculine

ه م they

و ن .. ـي they

ه ل س س اف ر يـ ي ن و ن إ ل ى الص ؟ Will they travel to China?


ه ن they

ــن .. يـthey

ذ ه ب تـ س ـ ه ل إ ل ى الح ف ل ة ؟ ن ـ Will they go to the party? These pronouns are attached to the indicative imperfective (present) verb

ال� ف ع ل ار ع � الم ض

�ع م ر ف

ال

� , such as ت ب ـ

� � � و ن ‘they write

/ are writing’, ـ � ج ل س س م ع ـتـ ’they both sit / are sitting‘ ان you all (fem.) hear / are hearing’ and so forth. They function as a‘ ن subject اع ل

ف , hence nominative و ع ة

م ر ف and are called ع

م ائ ر الر ف

� ض ‘nominative pronouns.’ The (*) indicates that the

subject is implied �ت ت م س (not overt) and is often understood from the structure of the verb; prefixes in red indicate the

present tense and hint at what the subject is, that is from these prefixes it can be deduced what the implied subject اع

ف� ل

ت ت م س is.


ض م ائ ر ) و( ف اع ل ال ل ة م ال ) ع ف ر ال( ت ص ف ع ل ب ال الم ض ار ع ل م ن ص ا ال م ج ز و م و ب و Subject (Nominative) Pronouns Attached to Subjunctive and Jussive (present) Verbs

ر ي ض م لاpronoun type



م ت ص ل attached

م ث ال example

ض م ي ر ت ك ل م م ال



أ ن ا I

* .. أ I

ذ ه ب أ ل ن ى الس و ق إ ل ي و م ال . I will not go to the market today.

ج م ع plural

ن ح ن we

* .. نـwe

ش ر ب ـن م ل ش ي ئ ا ع د ال ب غ د اء . We did not drink anything after lunch.




ر ذ ك م masculine

أ ن ت you

* .. تـyou

ذ ه ب ـت لا إ ل ى الب ح ر ال ي و م . Do not go to the sea today.


أ ن ت you

ي .. ـت You

إ ن ج ت ه د تـ . يـ ح ن ج ـت ، ي If you work hard, you will pass.


ا م ن ت أ you (both)

ا .. تـYou

ر ي د ان أ ن ت ل ع ب ت ك ر ة ا ـ ق د . م You (both) want to play football.

ج م ع plural


أ ن ت م you

ا و .. تـyou

ج ل س ـت لا ه ن ا و ا ـ . Do not sit here.


أ ن ت ن you

ـن ـ .. ـت you

د ر س ـتـ لا الر ي اض ي ات ن . Do not study mathematics.





هو he

* .. يـhe

ي و م ال ح ض ر يـ ن ل . He will not come today.


هي she

* .. ـت she

ف ي ز ي اء س د ر تـ ل م . She did not study physics.

م ث ن ى dual

ه ماthey (both)

ا .. ـي ا .. تـ

they (both)

ن ت ان الب الت ار ي خ اـ ر س د تـ ل ن . The two girls (they) won’t study math.

الو ل د ان ل م د ر س يـ ار ي خ الت اـ . The two boys (they) didn’t study history.

ج م ع plural


ه م they

ا و .. ـي they

س اف ر يـ ن ل ي ن ا و إ ل ى الص . They won’t travel to China.

ن ث م ؤ feminine

ه ن they

ــن .. يـthey

ذ ه ب ي ل م . ل ة إ ل ى الح ف ن ـ They did not go to the party. These subject pronouns

م ائ ر ال

ض � ف اع ل are attached to the subjunctive imperfective (present) verb

ال� ف ع ل

ار ع ال الم ض � �

و ب م ن ص such as ن

ل�ت ب ـ

� � �ا و ‘they won’t write’,

� ي

�ـ � ج ل س ا ‘in order for them both to sit’ م ع ـتـ ل س so that you all (fem.) hear’ and so forth. They are‘ ن

also attached to the jussive imperfective (present) verb الف ع ل ال�

ار ع ال م ض � �

م ج ز و م , such as ـتـلا ج ل س وا ‘don’t sit’, م ل�ا م ـ ف ه � ‘they didn’t

understand.’ These pronouns are attached to the imperative verb الف ع ل الأ م ر , such as ا ج ل س وا ‘sit’. With subjunctive present

verbs and imperative verbs, the ن of ان ,ون, and ين is always dropped. The (*) indicates that the subject is implied �ت ت م س and is

often understood from the structure of the verb; prefixes in red indicate the present tense and hint at what the subject is.


ال م ف ع ول ائ ر م ض ) ز( ل ة م ال ) ص ب الن ( ت ص ف ع ل ب ال الم ض ار ع م ر ف وع ال Object (Accusative) Pronouns Attached to Indicative Imperfective (present) Verbs




م ت ص لattached

ال ث م example

ض م ي ر ل م ك م ت ال



أ ن ا I

ي ــ

me س اع د يـ س ـ ه ل ؟ ي ـ ن ونـ

Will they help me?

ج م ع plural

ن ح ن we

ا ن ــus

ز و ر ي ـ س غ د ا د محم ن ا . Mohammed will visit us tomorrow.

ض م ي ر ط ب خ ا ـم ال




ت أ ن you

ك ــyou

س ت ق ب ل نـ س ـ * . م ط ار ف ي ال ك We will receive you at the airport.


أ ن ت you

ك ــyou

. زينب ك ق ر اف تـ س ـ

Zainab will accompany you.


أ ن ت ا م you (both)

ك م ا ــ you

ه ل ك م ا د ر س ــي ؟علي Will Ali teach you (both)?

ع ج م plural



ك م ــyou

ل م اذ ا ؟المعلم م ك ر ه ك يـ Why does the teacher hate you?



ك ن ــyou

ب ي س ه ل ؟علي ن ك ر خ Will Ali inform you?





و ه he

ـه ــhim

ف ه م ـأ لا * . ه I don’t understand him.

ن ث م ؤ Feminine

ي ه she

ـه ا ــher

ه ل ؟ ه انـو ح ب تـ Do you love her?

م ث ن ى dual


ه م اــ them

(both) س اع د تـ ل س ـ ه ه م اـون ؟

Will you help them (both)?

ج م ع plural


ه م they

ـه م ــthem

الس ب اح ة ه م ينــ ع ل م ـت ه ل ؟ Are you teaching them swimming?


ه ن they

ـه ن ــthem

ه ل س ـ س اع د ي ؟ ه ن ـون Will they help them? These object (accusative) pronouns are attached the indicative imperfective (present) verb

ال� ف ع ل ار ع � الم ض

�ع م ر ف

ال

� ; they are

the pronouns in orange, blue, and green. The attached pronouns and the nouns in red are the subjects of the verbs. The prefixes in red indicate the present tense. The (*) indicates tat the subject (pronoun) of the verb is implied �

ت ت م س .


ف اع ل ال ر م ائ ض ) ح( ل ة م ال ) ف ع ر ال( ت ص ف ع ل ب ال الأ م ر Subject (Nominative) Pronouns Attached to Imperative Verbs




م ت ص لattached

م ث ال example

ض م ي ر ـم خ ا ال ط ب




أ ن ت you

* .. (implied)

ك ت ب ا *. ب اج ال و

Write the homework.


أ ن ت you

ي ــyour

ا خ ر ج ـ م ن ه ن اي . (you) Get out of here!



اــyour

ا ذ ه إ ل ى الج ام ع ة ا ب ـ .

(you both) go to the university!

ج م ع plural



ـوا ــyour

ا س ر ع ـ ا س ر ع ـ، و ا ! و ا

(you all) run, (you all) run!



ـن ــyour

الد ر س ن ر اك ذ . (you all) study the lesson!

The (*) indicates that the subject is implied �ت ت م س (not overt).


ض م ا ) ط( م ف ع ال ئ ر ل ة م ال ) الن ص ب ( و ل ت ص ف ع ل ب ال الأ م ر Subject (Accusative) Pronouns Attached to Imperative Verbs

ر ي ض م لاpronoun type



ل م ت ص attached

م ث ال example

م ي ر ض م ت ك ل ال م



أ ن ا I

ي ــ me

ا س م ع ـ * ! يـ ن Listen to me! (implied, masculine, singular)

! ي ـن ـ ي ـ م ع ا س Listen to me! (you, feminine, singular)

ا س م ع ! ي ن ـ و ـ Listen to me! (you, masculine, plural)

! ي ـن ـ ـن ع ا س م Listen to me! (you, feminine, plural)

ج م ع plural

ن ح ن we

ن اــus

س اع د *! ن ا Help us! (implied, masculine, singular)

س اع د ! ن ا ي ـ Help us! (you, feminine, singular)

س اع د ! ن ا و Help us! (you, masculine, plural)

س اع د ! ن اـ ن Help us! (you, feminine, plural)

ر م ي ض ائ ب غ ال




و ه he

ه ــhim

. * ه ـ ع م ا س Listen to him! (implied, masculine, singular)

. ـه ي ـ ع ا س م Listen to him! (you, feminine, singular)

. ه و ـ ع ا س م Listen to him! (you, masculine, plural)

. ه ن ــ ع ا س م Listen to him! (you, feminine, plural)


ي ه she

ه اــher

*! ه ا ع د س اHelp her! (implied, masculine, singular)

س اع د ! ه ا ي ـ


Help her! (you, feminine, singular) س اع د ! ه ا و

Help her! (you, masculine, plural) اع د س ! ا ه ن ـ

Help her! (you, feminine, plural)

م ث ن ى dual


ه م اــ them (both)

*! م ا ه ـ ع س م ا Listen to them (both)! (implied, masculine, singular)

! م ا ـه ي ـ ع ا س م Listen to them (both)! (you, feminine, singular)

! م ا ه و ـ ع ا س م Listen to them (both)! (you, masculine, plural)

! م ا ه ن ــ ع ا س م Listen to them (both)! (you, feminine, plural)

ج م ع plural


ه م they

ه م ــthem

س اع د *! م ه Help them! (implied, masculine, singular)

اع د س ! م ه ي ـ Help them! (you, feminine, singular)

س اع د ! م ه و Help them! (you, masculine, plural)

س اع د ! م ه ن ـ Help them! (you, feminine, plural)


ه ن they

ه ن ــthem

*! ن ه ع ـ ا س م Listen to them! (implied, masculine, singular)

! ن ـه ي ـ ع ا س م Listen to them! (you, feminine, singular)

! ن ه و ـ ع ا س م Listen to them! (you, masculine, plural)

! ن ه ن ــ ع س م ا Listen to them! (you, feminine, plural) The (*) indicates that the subject of the imperative is implied (not overt) �

ت ت م س (i.e. you, 2nd person masculine singular). The attached pronouns in blue are the (overt) subject pronouns

م ائ ر ال

ض � ف اع ل . The attached pronouns in green are the

object pronouns م ائ ر ال

ض � م ف ع و ل . The ن of the attached subject pronouns, namely ون and ين, is dropped because the verb

is in the jussive cases (that is, it is required that the ن be dropped).


الض م ائ ) ي( ل ة م ال ر ت ص ب الأ و ات د The Pronouns Attached to Particles




ل ص م ت attached

م ث ال example

م ي ر ض م ت ك ل م ال



أ ن ا I

ي ــ I

م ر ي ض ي ن ــ إ ن . Indeed, I am sick.

م ع ج plural

ن ح ن we

ن اــwe

ل ك ن ـ ف ائ ز و ن ا . ن But we are winners.

م ي ر ض ـم خ ا ال ط ب




أ ن ت you

ك ــyou

ف ع لا غ ب ي ك إ ن ـ . You are truly stupid.


أ ن ت you

ك ــyou

ج م ي ل ك إ ن ـ ة ج د . ا You are very beautiful.



ك م ا ــ you

أ ن ت م ا ذ ك ي ان ل ك ن ـ ك م ا ك س و لا ن . You are smart, but you are lazy.

ج م ع plural


ن ت م أ you (all)

ك م ــyou

ج ب ن اء ك م ـ ك ل . You are all cowards.



ك ن ــyou

ط ب ي ب ات م ه ار ات ك ن ـ ك ل . You are all skillful doctors.




ذ ك ر م masculine

و ه he

ه ــhe

ل و لا . ج ت م ا ن ج ه Except for him, I wouldn’t have passed.


ي ه she

ه اــshe

ط ال ب ة م ت ف و ق ة ه ا إ ن ـ . She is indeed an outstanding student.

م ث ن ى dual


ه م اــ they / them

ت ر ي س أ ش غ ي ر ه م ا . I will buy (two) other than them.

ج م ع plural


ه م they

ه م ــthey / them

ب ع ض غ ائ ب و ن ه مـ . Some of them are absent.


ه ن They

ه ن ــthey / them

خ ر ات ت أ م ه ن ن ـ ل ك . But some of them are late.

Particles are words like إ ن (indeed), ن � ل� (but),

و �

ل

� (except for), �

غ ي (except, other than), and ب ع ض (some). The pronoun

attached to these particles can be a topic م ب ت د أ or a genitive pronoun م � ض م ج ر و ر ي just like the pronouns attached prepositions and adverbs.

Documents

Ibnulyemen Arabic Attached Pronouns · 2020. 3. 3. · ﻲ in front of me).They are more like the object of prepositions in English, that is the nouns or pronouns that follows the