IBM Software Group © 2004 IBM Corporation 7/22/2004 How To Spatially Enable Your IBM Informix Database Chris Bosch, Software Engineer IBM DB2 Information

IBM Software Group

7/22/2004 © 2004 IBM Corporation

How To Spatially EnableYour IBM Informix Database

Chris Bosch, Software EngineerIBM DB2 Information Management

IBM Software Group | DB2 Information Management Software

© 2004 IBM Corporation2 7/22/2004

Agenda

Introduction

– spatial data models

– spatial standards

– spatial products

– spatial partners

Geometry concepts

Spatially enabling your database

Resources for further information



Introduction: spatial data models

Spatial data is modeled as raster or vector, and …

… organized as collections of thematic layers



Introduction: spatial standards

Open GIS Consortium (OGC)

– OpenGIS Simple Features Specification for SQL, Revision 1.1

• SQL92 implementations (SFS NG)– using numeric SQL types for geometry storage and ODBC

access.

– using binary SQL types for geometry storage and ODBC access.

• SQL92 with Geometry Types implementations (SFS TF)– supporting both textual and binary ODBC access to geometry.

SQL/MM (Multi-Media)



Introduction: spatial products

Products Implementing or Complying to OGC Simple Features - SQL - Types and Functions 1.1

Product Version Status Contact Organization

ArcSDE for Informix 8.1 Compliant Danko, David ESRI

Spatial Database Engine for Informix 3.0.2 Compliant Danko, David ESRI

ArcSDE for DB2 8.1 Compliant Danko, David ESRI

Spatial Database Engine for DB2 Datajoiner 3.0.2 Compliant Danko, David ESRI

IBM DB2 Spatial Extender 7.1 Compliant Adler, David IBM Corporation



Spatial DataBlade Module 8.1 Compliant Stevens, Michael Informix Software, Inc.

MapInfo SpatialWare 4.5 Implementing Gordon, Douglas MapInfo Corporation

PostGIS / PostgreSQL 0.8.0 Implementing Ramsey, Paul Refractions Research Inc

10 Registered Implementations of Simple Features - SQL - Types and Functions 1.1.




IBM Informix Spatial DataBlade Module

– V8.10, 2000

– V8.11, 2001

– V8.20, 2002

IBM Informix Geodetic DataBlade Module

– V2.11, 1997

– V2.12, 1998

– V3.0, 2000

Other partner products for Informix Dynamic Server …

IBM DB2 Spatial Extender

– V7.1, 2000

– V7.2, 2001

– V8.1, 2002

– V8.2, 2004 (open beta)

IBM DB2 Geodetic Extender

– V8.2, 2004 (open beta)




Spatial vs. Geodetic

– The Spatial DataBlade/Extender treats the earth as a flat map.

• Projecting the curved earth onto a flat map creates distortion around the edges of the map

• Geometric operations can be inaccurate around those edges.

• The Spatial DataBlade/Extender is best used for regional datasets and applications.

– The Geodetic DataBlade/Extender treats the earth as a globe.

• Geometric operations are precise regardless of location.

• The Geodetic DataBlade/Extender is best for global datasets and applications, such as satellite imagery repositories.



Introduction: spatial partners

ESRI

– Provides the shape, projection, and geocoding libraries used by IBM Informix Spatial DataBlade and DB2 Spatial Extender

Geodyssey Limited

– Provides the Hipparchus Library used by IBM Informix Geodetic DataBlade and DB2 Geodetic Extender

MapInfo

– Developer of SpatialWare DataBlade for Informix Dynamic Server

Barrodale Computing Services

– Developer of Grid DataBlade for Informix Dynamic Server

Others …



Agenda

Introduction

Geometry concepts

– Projections

– Coordinate Systems

– OGC Geometry Object Model

– Basic Methods on Geometries

– Methods for testing Spatial Relations

– Methods that support Spatial Analysis





Geometry Concepts

Projections



Geometry Concepts

Conic projections

– A portion of the Earth's surface is projected onto a cone. The cone is then flattened.

Mercator projections– The Earth's sphere is

flattened out. In these projections the further away from the equator a point is, the larger it seems.



Geometry Concepts

Coordinate systems

– Geographic• GEOGCS["GCS_North_American_1983",DATUM["D_North_American_1983",SPHEROID["GR

S_1980",6378137.0,298.257222101]],PRIMEM["Greenwich",0.0],UNIT["Degree",0.0174532925199433]]

– Projected• PROJCS["NAD_1983_10TM_AEP_Forest",GEOGCS["GCS_North_American_1983",DATUM["D

_North_American_1983",SPHEROID["GRS_1980",6378137.0,298.257222101]],PRIMEM["Greenwich",0.0],UNIT["Degree",0.0174532925199433]],PROJECTION["Transverse_Mercator"],PARAMETER["False_Easting",500000.0],PARAMETER["False_Northing",0.0],PARAMETER["Central_Meridian",-115.0],PARAMETER["Scale_Factor",0.9992],PARAMETER["Latitude_Of_Origin",0.0],UNIT["Meter",1.0]]

– Geocentric• GEOCCS["Geocentric",DATUM["WGS_1984",SPHEROID["WGS

84",6378137,298.257223563,AUTHORITY["EPSG","7030"]],TOWGS84[0,0,0,0,0,0,0],AUTHORITY["EPSG","6326"]],PRIMEM["Greenwich",0],UNIT["Meter",1],AXIS["X",OTHER],AXIS["Y",EAST],AXIS["Z",NORTH]]



Geometry Concepts

OGC Geometry Object Model



Geometry Concepts

Basic Methods on Geometries

– Dimension ( ):Integer

– GeometryType ( ):String

– SRID ( ):Integer

– Envelope( ):Geometry

– IsEmpty( ):Integer

– IsSimple( ):Integer

– Boundary( ):Geometry

– AsText( ):String

– AsBinary( ):Binary



Geometry Concepts

Methods for testing Spatial Relations between Geometries

– Equals(anotherGeometry:Geometry):Integer

– Disjoint(anotherGeometry:Geometry):Integer

– Intersects(anotherGeometry:Geometry):Integer

– Touches(anotherGeometry:Geometry):Integer

– Crosses(anotherGeometry:Geometry):Integer

– Within(anotherGeometry:Geometry):Integer

– Contains(anotherGeometry:Geometry):Integer

– Overlaps(anotherGeometry:Geometry):Integer

– Relate(anotherGeometry:Geometry, intersectionPatternMatrix:String):Integer



Geometry Concepts

Equals



Geometry Concepts

Disjoint



Geometry Concepts

Intersects



Geometry Concepts

Touches



Geometry Concepts

Crosses



Geometry Concepts

Within



Geometry Concepts

Contains



Geometry Concepts

Overlaps



Geometry Concepts

Methods that support Spatial Analysis

– Intersection(anotherGeometry:Geometry):Geometry

– Union(anotherGeometry:Geometry):Geometry

– Difference(anotherGeometry:Geometry):Geometry

– SymDifference(anotherGeometry:Geometry):Geometry

– Buffer(distance:Double):Geometry

– ConvexHull( ):Geometry

– Distance(anotherGeometry:Geometry):Double



Geometry Concepts

Intersection



Geometry Concepts

Difference



Geometry Concepts

Union



Geometry Concepts

SymDifference



Geometry Concepts

Buffer



Geometry Concepts

ConvexHull



Agenda

Introduction

Geometry concepts


– Product installation and configuration

– Adding spatial types, functions, and index support to your database

– Adding spatial data to your database

– Demonstration





Product installation and configuration

– IDS

• Installation of the IBM Informix Spatial DataBlade module is straightforward

• Update ONCONFIG parameters before registering Spatial DataBlade module in your database– SBSPACENAME <sbspacename>

– SYSSBSPACENAME <sbspacename>

– STACKSIZE 64




Product installation and configuration

– DB2

• Installation of the DB2 Spatial Extender is straightforward• Update DB CFG parameters before enabling your database

with Spatial Extender– logfilsiz 1000

– logprimary 10

– logsecond 2

– applheapsz 2048

– app_ctl_heap_sz 1024




Adding spatial types, functions, and index support

– IDS

• Register the Spatial DataBlade module in your database– Command line: blademgr

– GUI: BladeManager (%INFORMIXDIR%\bin\wblademgr.exe)

– DB2

• Enable your database with Spatial Extender– Command line: db2se enable_db

– GUI: DB2 Control Center (%DB2PATH%\bin\db2cc.bat)




Adding spatial data to your database

– Import spatial data from ESRI Data & Maps data bundle• IDS

– Command line: loadshp

• DB2– Command line: db2se import_shape– GUI: DB2 Control Center

– Geocode existing business data• DB2

– Command line: db2se run_gc– GUI: DB2 Control Center




Demonstration



Agenda

Introduction

Geometry concepts






IBM Informix Spatial DataBlade module

– http://www.ibm.com/software/data/informix/blades/spatial/

IBM Informix Geodetic DataBlade module

– http://www.ibm.com/software/data/informix/blades/geodetic/

IBM DB2 Spatial Extender

– http://www.ibm.com/software/data/spatial/

Informix Developer Zone– http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/db2/zones/informix/ids_spatial.html

– http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/db2/zones/informix/library/techarticle/ids_geo_spatial.html




Open GIS Consortium

– http://opengis.org/

ESRI

– http://www.esri.com/

Geodyssey Limited

– http://www.geodyssey.com/

Newsgroups and forums

– news://news.software.ibm.com/ibm.software.db2.udb.spatial

– http://www.iiug.org/forums/datablade-list

Documents

IBM Software Group © 2004 IBM Corporation 7/22/2004 How To Spatially Enable Your IBM Informix Database Chris Bosch, Software Engineer IBM DB2 Information