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Indoor Air Quality
Indoor Air Environment and Health
Indoor Air Quality 2
CO CO2 NOx SOx O3VOC SVOC
SPM PM10 PM2.5
Indoor Air Quality 4
Group
Group A ,
Group B
Group -2-
Group
[a]100 400nm (A,B,C) ,
carcinogenic to humans
probably carcinogenic to humans
possibly carcinogenic to humans
not classifiable as to its carcinogenicity to humans
probably not carcinogenic to humans
Indoor Air Quality 5
5
(NOAEL)
100
50
0 (LOAEL)
1
10-6
10-3
( ), 33 (7), 1997
Indoor Air Quality 6
34900 /
8980 /
50 /
2 /
2.0 10-2
5.2 10-3
2.9 10-5
1.2 10-6
10-6
10-6
10-5
10-3
Indoor Air Quality 8
3 5kg/1 2kg/
8 10 L/11.5 14.4 m3/→ 15kg
Indoor Air Quality 9
School
Office
House
Indoor Air Quality 10
Indoor Air Quality 11
CO2CO
OAO3 OA
VOCSVOCNOx
5,300 200CO NOx SO2VOC
Indoor Air Quality 12
DM SN TG CS
1
24
12 SHS
HCHOVOCs
12 23
Indoor Air Quality 13
ETSCO 15 %
3 %5 %0 %
NOx 12 %RSP 50 %
5 %0 %
35 %SO2 20 %
100 %5 %0 %
10mg/20L Chamber test
on third-hand smoke
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
Abun
danc
e ×1
0-6
1h
ToluenePhenolFurfural
NonanalPyridine, 2-(1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinyl)-
Dodecane
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
Abun
danc
e ×1
0-6
6h
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
Abun
danc
e ×1
0-6
24h
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
5 10 15 20 25
Abun
danc
e ×1
0-6
Time (min)
72h
3-Ethenylpyridine
3rd-hand smoke from clothes
Indoor Air Quality 14
1500 ppm17 28 10 30
18 20 25 2830 80
0.10mg m3
0.5mCO 10ppm NO2 0.06ppm
100 μg/m3 260 μg/m3
870 μg/m3 240 μg/m3
3800 μg/m3 220 μg/m3
100 /m2
10 cfu// 5
40 /180m22.2 /h 3.2 /h 4.4 /h
Indoor Air Quality 15
ppm
WHO Indoor Air QualityASHRAE
10001500
9201000100050005000
0.14
8 1020
Department of Architecture, Waseda University
Indoor Air Quality 17
→
Indoor Air Quality 18http://www.chord.or.jp/tokei/tokei.html
Indoor Air Quality 19
17 35 35
100
103
6955
5044
41 34 36 45 29 2951 48 45
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
http://www.chord.or.jp/tokei/tokei.html
Indoor Air Quality 20
100μg/m3 1997.6.13
48μg/m3 2002.1.22
260μg/m3 2000.6.26
870 → 200μg/m3 2000.6→2017.8
240μg/m3 2000.6.26
3800μg/m3 2000.12→2017.8
220μg/m3 2000.12.15
330μg/m3 2001.7.5
1μg/m3 0.1μg/m3 2000.12.15
240μg/m3 2017.8
2- -1- 130μg/m3 2017.8
2,2,4- -1,3-TXIB
100μg/m3 2017.8
-n- 220 → 17μg/m3 2000.12.15
-2- 120 → 100μg/m3 2001.7.5
0.29μg/m3 2001.7.5
33μg/m3 2002.1.22
TVOC 400μg/m3 2000.12.15
H31.4
100μg/m3 1997.6.13
48μg/m3 2002.1.22
260μg/m3 2000.6.26
870 → 200μg/m3 2000.6.26/2019.1.17
240μg/m3 2000.6.26
3800μg/m3 2000.12.15
220μg/m3 2000.12.15
330μg/m3 2001.7.5
1μg/m3 0.1μg/m3 2000.12.15
-n- 220 → 17μg/m3 2000.12.15/2019.1.17
-2- 120 → 100μg/m3 2001.7.5/2019.1.17
0.29μg/m3 2001.7.5
33μg/m3 2002.1.22
TVOC 400μg/m3 2000.12.15
Indoor Air Quality 21
http://www.nihs.go.jp/mhlw/chemical/situnai/hyou.html
Indoor Air Quality 22
Benzo(a)pyrene Diol-epoxide DNA-adduct
Benzene
CH3
Toluene
enzyme
HOOH
O HO
OHHO
DNA
Indoor Air Quality 23
2-Butanone 3 1 1 1 - - - -Hexane 2 - - - 3 3 - -Ethyl Acetate 6 6 10 15 71 297 - -Benzene 1 1 1 1 - - 1 -Methyl Isobutyl Ketone 6 5 5 4 - - - -Toluene 11 10 10 10 10 10 7 -Ethylbenzene 3 3 4 3 3 3 1 -Xylene 3 3 6 3 3 3 - -Styrene 1 0 1 1 0 1 - -Nonane 2 2 2 2 1 1 - -
-Pinene 5 5 4 4 2 - - -1,2,3-Trimethylbenzene 1 1 3 - 1 1 1 -p-Dichlorobenzene 4 2 2 2 - - - -D-Limonene 3 3 3 4 2 3 - -Undecane 2 2 2 2 1 1 - -Nonanal 2 2 3 3 2 2 - -Cyclopentasiloxane, decamethyl- 1 1 1 1 1 1 - -Dodecane 1 1 1 1 - - - -Tridecane 1 1 1 1 - 1 - -Tetradecane 1 1 1 1 - 1 - -Hexadecane 1 - - - - - - -TVOC 98 83 98 100 110 446 16 1
Blank
Formaldehyde 12 9 13 11 17 11 4Acetaldehyde 8 8 9 9 9 7 4Acetone 21 20 30 36 153 715 5Propionaldehyde 1 0 0 2 1 0 0Methacrolein 4 3 4 4 2 3 2n-Butyraldehyde - - - - - - 2Benzaldehyde 1 - 1 - - 1 -
Indoor Air Quality 24
ABS
Indoor Air Quality 25
-n-DBP
-2-DEHP
PVC
Indoor Air Quality 26
2.
1.
Indoor Air Quality 27
*100μg/m3
*[μg/m2h]
[mg/L]
F <5 <0.3 <0.4
F 5 20 <0.5 <0.7
F 20 120 <1.5 <2.1
F S <3.0 <4.2
F <5.0 <7.0
Indoor Air Quality 28
JIS F F
JTCCM4VOC
JEITA PC PCVOC5
JAMA 2007
JTCCM 4VOC
Indoor Air Quality 29
98.5
98.4
94.4
92.9
86.7
71.3
1.5
1.6
5.6
7.1
13.3
28.7
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
99.7
99.4
97.8
95.2
93.6
86.4
0.3
0.6
2.2
4.8
6.4
13.6
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%
2005
2004
2003
2002
2001
2000
Indoor Air Quality 30
, , 18 11 30 .Osawa a, Hayashi, M. (2009) Building and Environment 44 (7): 1330–1336.
0
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
(ppm)(%)
Indoor Air Quality 31
0.00
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.10
0.12
0.14
0.16
2000 2001 2001 2002 2002 2003 2003 2004 2004 2005 2005
[ppm
]
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
[ppm
]
2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005
Indoor Air Quality 32
Ave. S.D. Min. Max. Ave. S.D. Min. Max. Ave. S.D. Ave. S.D. Min. Max. Ave. S.D. Min. Max. Ave. S.D.Formaldehyde 12.0 7.4 5.1 28.8 11.9 6.7 5.6 27.7 2.6 12.1 13.9 9.2 6.4 36.7 14.0 8.8 6.6 36.1 3.5 9.8Acetaldehyde 33.1 39.7 6.1 146.9 31.1 23.1 7.2 79.4 14.8 31.8 27.0 25.8 5.7 95.1 33.2 28.9 7.2 106.6 27.2 19.0Acetone 91.3 51.5 21.1 180.7 123.7 74.3 27.2 275.4 109.1 315.8 80.8 38.2 23.9 147.0 110.8 39.3 25.8 160.6 61.8 114.0Acrolein - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Propionaldehyde 3.1 2.0 0.9 6.7 3.3 1.5 1.3 6.3 - - 2.9 1.7 1.1 6.6 3.5 2.0 1.2 8.1 - -Crotonaldehyde - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Methacrolein - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -n-Butyraldehyde 8.8 11.7 1.9 29.5 9.2 11.3 2.5 29.1 - - 8.1 11.2 1.6 30.5 8.7 10.2 2.0 28.4 - -Benzaldehyde 2.6 1.1 1.7 4.6 3.4 2.8 1.8 10.0 - - 3.3 2.6 1.4 9.6 3.6 2.9 1.6 10.9 - -Valeraldehyde 6.1 5.6 1.7 21.0 6.3 4.3 1.9 14.2 16.2 31.4 5.5 3.6 2.0 13.8 7.1 4.5 2.0 16.4 26.6 21.4m-Tolualdehyde - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Hexaldehyde 16.2 14.8 4.1 53.7 17.3 11.7 4.7 37.1 19.7 32.0 14.5 9.9 3.9 32.5 19.1 12.4 4.3 39.3 31.8 21.3Sum 167.4 108.7 41.8 403.5 199.6 95.0 52.0 366.3 65.2 175.7 151.6 82.2 43.5 320.9 195.4 85.6 48.1 350.5 41.1 56.9
Living BedroomΔC %Carbonyls before depressurizing after depressurizing before depressurizing after depressurizingΔC %
0
1
2
3
4
5
0
100
200
300
400
500
A B C D E F G H I J L0
1
2
3
4
5
0
100
200
300
400
500
A B C D E F G H I J L
OA Before_Living After_Living c Value Before_Bedroom After_Bedroom c Value
Con
cent
ratio
n [ μ
g/m
3]
I/O R
atio [ -]
Indoor Air Quality 33
Ave. S.D. Min. Max. Ave. S.D. Min. Max. Ave. S.D. Ave. S.D. Min. Max. Ave. S.D. Min. Max. Ave. S.D.2-Propanol 17.7 19.6 1.9 72.4 17.4 19.9 2.5 74.6 5.7 23.8 12.9 9.5 1.6 35.8 15.3 9.3 2.0 36.2 28.0 22.7Dichloromethane 1216.5 2242.8 - 5877.8 1111.1 2009.6 - 6087.1 3.4 21.3 239.1 415.5 - 1350.2 396.2 692.9 - 1979.2 43.0 101.01-Propanol 3.0 5.3 - 18.1 2.4 3.3 - 9.9 5.7 27.1 1.9 2.9 - 10.1 2.4 3.5 - 11.8 24.4 19.92-Butanone 28.9 25.5 5.1 73.6 33.0 32.5 6.8 113.8 22.5 45.8 23.5 22.9 5.1 68.8 30.2 30.5 6.5 103.7 31.5 21.0Ethyl acetate 22.5 16.9 4.9 58.8 22.6 15.7 4.8 51.8 6.3 27.3 20.3 15.1 4.0 49.1 24.0 17.2 4.1 59.3 23.2 30.6Hexane 2.5 2.3 0.6 8.9 3.5 4.7 0.6 16.4 27.4 113.1 2.3 2.3 0.6 8.7 2.9 3.0 0.6 9.8 28.4 93.2Chloroform 0.1 0.2 - 0.4 - 0.1 - 0.4 -49.4 71.6 0.1 0.2 - 0.5 - 0.1 - 0.4 -57.1 60.71,2-Dichloroethane - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -2,4-Dimethylpentane - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -1-Butanol 12.5 14.9 1.3 46.9 21.3 14.5 1.7 50.2 146.7 103.8 12.6 13.8 1.0 47.2 19.6 17.7 1.4 64.6 78.5 49.0Benzene 1.7 1.3 0.4 5.0 1.8 1.3 0.7 4.9 9.2 29.9 1.9 1.5 - 5.3 1.7 1.2 0.7 5.0 -6.2 32.31,2-Dichloropropane - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Bromodichloroethane - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Trichloroethene 0.9 1.2 - 3.6 1.2 1.2 - 3.7 35.2 104.1 1.0 1.2 - 3.4 1.1 1.2 - 3.6 16.4 65.2Isooctane - - - - - 0.0 - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Heptane 3.5 9.3 - 31.5 2.1 4.9 - 16.8 -3.7 23.9 2.2 5.2 - 17.7 2.6 6.3 - 21.6 17.9 22.3Methyl isobuthyl ketone 7.9 7.6 0.5 22.1 9.4 8.5 0.5 22.3 19.5 20.9 8.5 8.9 0.4 25.6 9.7 10.6 0.4 30.6 13.8 25.4Toluene 38.1 24.5 1.6 82.8 53.9 37.4 2.1 116.3 45.3 48.4 41.8 32.0 1.4 109.5 63.4 48.9 1.9 166.2 57.9 44.2Dibromochloromethane - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -n-Butyl acetate 10.3 7.2 1.1 21.1 13.3 8.0 3.5 24.5 62.0 73.4 8.8 6.7 1.0 19.8 11.8 8.9 2.5 29.1 58.9 90.6Octane 0.5 0.4 - 1.3 0.5 0.5 - 1.6 4.8 23.8 0.6 0.5 - 1.7 0.7 0.6 - 1.9 29.0 22.7Tetrachloroehylene - 0.2 - 0.5 0.1 0.2 - 0.5 -2.6 - - 0.1 - 0.5 0.1 0.2 - 0.5 4.0 -Ethyl benzene 16.9 22.4 0.5 71.8 26.6 39.4 0.7 108.5 34.4 49.3 20.3 23.4 0.4 66.7 37.9 51.0 0.5 161.0 52.1 57.7m,p-Xylene 8.5 9.2 0.4 27.2 12.9 17.6 0.5 53.4 27.6 47.0 9.8 10.5 0.4 32.5 17.8 24.3 0.4 81.9 45.4 50.9Stylene 22.9 20.8 0.9 57.2 41.0 53.5 1.2 178.0 68.1 142.4 27.0 23.5 0.7 78.7 47.0 44.8 0.8 153.6 60.2 67.7o-Xylene 2.5 2.6 - 8.1 3.7 4.6 - 13.7 26.2 49.7 2.8 2.8 0.0 8.8 4.8 6.1 - 20.6 43.0 46.8Nonane 1.5 1.1 0.5 3.9 1.6 1.5 0.5 5.8 13.3 45.7 1.7 1.8 0.4 5.5 2.3 2.7 0.5 9.1 41.9 60.2α-Pinene 2055.9 2195.2 146.6 5934.3 2175.4 2131.0 190.5 6241.5 19.9 25.6 1258.1 1069.5 222.5 3756.1 1858.0 1701.5 309.8 5317.6 45.6 30.23-Ethyl toluene 1.3 1.1 0.4 4.2 1.4 1.1 0.5 4.1 20.0 27.3 1.4 1.1 0.4 3.7 1.7 1.4 0.4 4.3 21.4 16.64-Ethyl toluene 0.6 0.6 - 2.0 0.8 0.6 - 2.2 20.6 21.3 0.7 0.7 - 2.0 0.9 0.8 - 2.3 15.1 14.31,3,5-Trimethyl benzene 0.6 0.7 - 2.2 0.8 0.7 - 2.2 19.2 26.5 0.8 0.8 - 2.4 1.1 1.1 - 3.6 22.7 22.62-Ethyl toluene 0.7 0.7 - 2.1 0.8 0.9 - 2.5 18.8 26.0 0.9 0.9 - 2.7 1.1 1.3 - 3.9 21.2 16.0β-Pinene 43.6 34.9 8.3 110.6 47.0 38.7 9.3 144.6 17.3 30.0 29.6 14.7 8.4 53.2 40.4 20.3 11.0 71.3 37.4 24.51,2,4-Trimethyl benzene 2.8 2.3 1.0 8.3 3.4 2.7 1.1 8.3 23.0 31.4 3.3 2.9 0.8 8.8 4.3 4.0 0.9 12.9 25.2 16.9Decane 6.4 5.9 0.7 17.4 8.8 10.6 0.9 36.5 21.5 44.2 9.1 12.6 0.5 39.8 13.5 19.5 0.7 64.0 39.5 48.91,4-Dichloro benzene 0.5 0.5 - 1.3 0.6 0.6 - 1.5 11.4 76.2 0.5 0.5 - 1.4 0.6 0.6 - 1.6 24.3 34.63-Carene 134.2 111.3 23.9 347.5 140.2 103.4 30.4 357.5 13.5 23.8 111.7 78.0 18.2 287.2 145.8 92.1 24.2 305.0 34.0 18.21,2,3-Trimethl benzene 2.7 3.2 - 8.1 2.9 2.9 - 7.6 21.1 31.8 2.1 1.8 - 4.7 2.8 2.4 - 6.5 36.3 18.1Limonene 185.2 151.9 16.6 408.6 189.5 141.5 20.8 406.6 15.6 28.6 128.5 84.6 23.2 290.9 164.5 96.2 34.3 324.3 36.0 22.1γ-Terpinene 2.3 2.0 - 7.3 2.3 1.9 - 6.7 11.1 25.9 1.7 1.3 - 4.0 1.9 1.1 0.4 3.8 29.9 33.9Nonanal 7.9 3.4 3.4 12.6 8.0 3.3 3.1 14.1 1.5 9.8 8.5 3.6 2.8 13.8 9.1 3.5 3.4 15.0 11.1 23.8Undecane 5.2 5.3 0.7 16.3 5.5 5.9 0.7 16.6 8.2 28.9 4.8 4.2 0.5 11.9 6.3 5.6 0.6 15.9 27.0 21.31,2,4,5-Tetra methyl 0.1 0.2 - 0.5 0.1 0.2 - 0.4 -18.8 27.2 0.1 0.2 - 0.5 0.2 0.2 - 0.6 10.3 13.5Decanal 0.6 0.8 - 2.3 0.7 0.7 - 2.3 -12.0 21.0 0.4 0.4 - 1.1 0.4 0.3 - 0.9 4.1 35.5Dodecane 56.7 119.4 0.5 312.0 55.1 115.2 0.5 297.0 10.5 19.3 70.5 151.0 0.4 396.2 67.0 141.7 0.6 359.2 15.0 17.2Tridecane 1.3 1.0 0.4 3.9 1.3 1.0 0.4 4.0 3.9 5.5 1.3 0.8 0.3 2.6 1.4 0.8 0.4 2.9 8.1 11.7Tetradecane 1.3 0.8 0.4 3.2 1.4 0.8 0.4 3.2 3.4 10.9 1.2 0.6 0.4 2.3 1.3 0.7 0.5 2.7 8.6 5.0Pentadecane 0.4 0.3 - 0.9 0.4 0.3 - 0.8 -9.2 38.9 0.4 0.4 - 1.1 0.5 0.4 - 1.4 8.3 8.9Hexadecane 0.5 0.7 - 2.2 0.4 0.5 - 1.7 -3.7 10.8 0.5 0.7 - 2.2 0.5 0.7 - 2.1 -3.2 19.3
TVOC 1610.0 929.1 304.8 2764.4 1815.5 989.7 419.3 3317.7 20.4 25.6 1196.5 458.5 387.2 1934.5 1637.4 623.2 547.9 2723.9 38.6 16.3
before depressurizingLiving
after depressurizing before depressurizing after depressurizingΔC (%) ΔC (%)Bedroom
Indoor Air Quality 34
Beforey = 0.366x + 607.7
R² = 0.5494
Aftery = 0.431x + 854.3
R² = 0.4692
y = 0.4223x + 693.63R² = 0.4718
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
0 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500
BeforeAfter
Con
cent
ratio
n at
Bed
room
[μg/
m3 ]
Concentration at Living room [ μg/m3 ]
Con
cent
ratio
n [μ
g/m
3 ]
0
1
2
3
4
0500
1000150020002500300035004000
A B C D E F G H I J L0
1
2
3
4
0500
1000150020002500300035004000
A B C D E F G H I J L
OA Before_Living After_Living c Value Before_Bedroom After_Bedroom c Value
Living 1F Bedroom 2F
Indoor Air Quality 35
PAC 2F
0
100
200
300
400
500
0
20
40
60
80
100
UF
Bed_
1FLi
ving 2F OA UF
Bed_
1FLi
ving 2F OA UF
Bed_
1FLi
ving 2F OA UF
Bed_
1FLi
ving 2F OA UF
Bed_
1FLi
ving 2F OA UF
Bed_
1FLi
ving 2F OA UF
Bed_
1FLi
ving 2F OA
5 19 6 21 8 4 11 4 12 5 3 13 10 26
Formaldehyde
Acetaldehyde
Aldehydes Sum
Carbonyls 2016 2017C
arbo
nyl C
once
ntra
tion
[μg/
m3 ] Sum
of Carbonyls [μg/m
3]
FormaldehydeAcetaldehydeMethacroleinAldehydes
→ 1
Indoor Air Quality 36
VOCs 2016 2017
0
600
1,200
1,800
2,400
3,000
3,600
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
UF
Bed_
1FLi
ving 2F OA UF
Bed_
1FLi
ving 2F OA UF
Bed_
1FLi
ving 2F OA UF
Bed_
1FLi
ving 2F OA UF
Bed_
1FLi
ving 2F OA UF
Bed_
1FLi
ving 2F OA UF
Bed_
1FLi
ving 2F OA
5 19 6 21 8 4 11 4 12 5 3 13 10 26
α-Pinene
Solvent type 5VOCs
TVOC
VO
C C
once
ntra
tion
[μg/
m3 ]
TVO
C C
oncentration [μg/m3]
TVOC 2,300 3,300μg/m3 6 600μg/m3
VOCs 1VOCs 1
TVOC
Indoor Air Quality 37
net
Indoor Air Quality 38
2010
1
Indoor Air Quality 39
DNPH-Silica
PTFE
PTFE 200mg
PSP-tube
O-
Indoor Air Quality 40
VOCs Tenax TA Carbotrap 300
HCHO DNPH
Indoor Air Quality 41
0
500,000
1,000,000
1,500,000
2,000,000
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Toluene
Indoor Air Quality 42
Indoor Air Quality 43
24m3
Department of Architecture, Waseda University
Indoor Air Quality 45
• PHMG(polyhexamethylene guanidine)• PGH(Oligo(2-(2-ethoxy)ethoxyethyl guanidine chloride)
www.mhlw.go.jp/stf/houdou/2r9852000001z31f-att/2r9852000001z44g.pdf
Indoor Air Quality 46
Indoor Air Quality 47http://www.key-tec.co.jp/document/download.html
Indoor Air Quality 48
P S
→→
→ →
Na2C2O6 → Na2CO3 + CO2 + O
NaClO → NaCl + O
NaClO + 2HCl → NaCl + H2O + Cl2
Indoor Air Quality 49
Indoor Air Quality 50
Indoor Air Quality 51
C O CH2CH CH2 3CH3
O CH2CH3
C O CH2CH CH2 3CH3
O CH2CH3
C O CH2CH CH2 3CH3
O CH2CH3
C O CH2CH CH2 3CH3
O CH2CH3
C O CH2CH CH2 3CH3
O CH2CH3
C O CH2CH CH2 3CH3
O CH2CH3
etc..
DBP, DEHP etc…
House dust
Indoor Air Quality 52
HP 2018/09/16
56%
18%
2%
10%
5%4% 5%
86%
199650.6 ton
DEHP
DINP
DIDP45%
30%
1%4%
7%
9%4%
80%
201625.6 ton
DEHPDIDP
DINP
Indoor Air Quality 53
PCB, PBB PBDE
DEHP DINCH
HBCD
PolyBrominated Diphenyl Ether
1,2,5,6,9,10-hexabromocyclododecane 1,2-Cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid diisononyl ester
Diethylhexyl phthalateDiisononyl Phthalate
DINP
Indoor Air Quality 54
DEHP 64 DINP 33100 250μm 100μm CV
100 DIBP DBP CVCV=3.9% 11.3%
BBP DEHP DINP DIDP→ 100 250μm 100μm
DUST SVOC
DUST 1g SVOC
500μm250 500μm
100 250μm 100μm
20 min
DUST SVOC A
Indoor Air Quality 55
Environmental Health Perspectives Volume 114, Number 7, July 2006 California Enacts Safe Cosmetics ActCynthia Washam
Susan M. Duty
DHS2005
33
Phthalate ester
Indoor Air Quality 56
Chemicals in cars and the need for safe alternativesJeff Gearhart & Hans Posselt January 11, 2006
5
190 ̊F 88 ̊C
1.5h/day
SVOC
SVOCetc...
Indoor Air Quality 57
http://www.nasa.gov/topics/earth/features/health-sapping.html(2010.09) Credit: Dalhousie University, Aaron van Donkelaar
Global satellite-derived map of PM2.5 averaged over 2001-2006.
Indoor Air Quality 58
WHO EU Report PM2.5 2.5μg/m3→ 3.5%
PM2.5
→
→
1952 2 4,0001960 SPM
19803 2013 PM2.5
Indoor Air Quality 59
http://www.env.go.jp/air/osen/pm/info.html
[μg/m3]1[μg/m3]
II 70 85
I 70 85
35
Indoor Air Quality 60
[μg/m3] WHO
PM2.5 1 11
1535
1535
1025
SPM 2 11
100200 - -
PM10 11 - -
1502050
1 PM2.5 70μg/m3
20132
SPM0.15mg/m3 (150μg/m3)
Indoor Air Quality 61
•• PM2.5• 2011 15μg/m3
•••
2.5
Indoor Air Quality 62
(T. Hussein et al., Atmospheric Environment, 40, 4285-4307, 2006)
(A, Afshari et al., Indoor Air, 15, 141-150, 2005
VOCsα
Indoor Air Quality 63
Data Tokyo Institute of Technology, Naoki KAGI
PM2.5
Indoor Air Quality 64
Indoor Air Quality 65
PM2.5 μg/ 67 ±122.8 21 ±18.7 PM2.5 μg/ 51 ±58.4 17 ±2.4PM10 μg/ 71 ±124.5 23 ±16.9 PM10 μg/ 52 ±58.6 19 ±3.0
cfu/ 50 ±40.9 5 ±7.1 cfu/ 89 ±87.8 9 ±11.1cfu/ 105 ±146.6 88 ±109.6 cfu/ 181 ±155.4 16 ±23.6
→ AIJES 50cfu/m3
500cfu/m3 ( ) 150cfu/m3
yeast
Indoor Air Quality 66
[ ] [ ]
2F 13F 70.16 1
5F 280.0 46F 212.0 4
80.2 2002
1974
25F1F 8F 2010597.2
44F
41F
B1 8F 1976
1F
43F
1~5F
1F 10F
2011
0
0.005
0.01
0.015
0.02
0.025
0.03
2012 7 16 2012 7 17 2012 7 18 2012 7 19 2012 7 20 2012 7 21 2012 7 22 2012 7 23
[kg/kg
(DA)]
6
Supply Return
Dew condensation water
Indoor Air Quality 67
•
•
• 2018 13
→ 90 1→ 2
Indoor Air Quality 68
Indoor Air Quality 69
1
10
100
1,000
10,000[c
fu/
]
Indoor Air Quality 70
ET SCD7BG
400mL/h5g/m3
Indoor Air Quality 71
y = 4.47e0.37x
R² = 0.809
0
20
40
60
80
100
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
ET
conc
entra
tion
[ EU
/m3
]
y = 5.45e0.37x
R² = 0.797
0
20
40
60
80
100
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
3
2 ET 3 ET
[day] [day]
Indoor Air Quality 72
1
Indoor Air Quality 74
12
3
45
46
22
Indoor Air Quality 75
24HP
Indoor Air Quality 76
→ S46→ H7
Indoor Air Quality 77
0 2 4 6 8 10
A
BA(2) + B 4 C 6
Indoor Air Quality 78
10001000
10 X log( )
012
345
Indoor Air Quality 79
100 110→ 200 220
.RR cont
RAS log
Indoor Air Quality 80
ISODynamic Olfactometry
http://www.deodor.co.jp/sokutei-6.jpg
Department of Architecture, Waseda University
Indoor Air Quality 82
Indoor Air Quality 83
Indoor Air Quality 84
1 2 3
Indoor Air Quality 85
Indoor Air Quality 86
7 ~19 5 /0.1 /
24 0.5 /
Case A
Case B
24
Indoor Air Quality 87
[m3/h]600 300
150
[m3/h]180120
120/100
Indoor Air Quality 88
After
0
40
80
120
160
200
[m3 /h
]
CBA
LDK
71
153
Indoor Air Quality 89
18[m3/h ]~ 30[m3/h ]300~400[m3/h]60~100[m3/h]20~50[m3/h]90~100[m3/h]20~50[m3/h]20~40[m3/h]60~90[m3/h]
Indoor Air Quality 90
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