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IAMSAR
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IAMSAR VOL.IV 1 – 1
PART ONE : AERONAUTICAL AND MARITIME SAR
AUTHORITY AND ADMINISTRATION
1.0 GENERAL
1.1 Aeronautical Search and Rescue is broadly defined as the search
for aircraft in distress (or referred to as an ‘aeronautical incident’),
and the provision of aid to persons who are, or feared to be, in
need of assistance, regardless of the nationality or status of such
persons or the circumstances in which such persons are found,
whether it occurs over land or sea.
1.2 In Malaysia, aeronautical SAR is provided in accordance with
Annex 12 to the Convention on International Civil Aviation
(Chicago 1944) and International Aeronautical Maritime Search
and Rescue (IAMSAR) Manual 1998. As signatory to the Chicago
Convention 1944, Malaysia is obligated to provide ASAR services
on a 24 hour basis, within the Malaysian Aeronautical Search and
Rescue Regions (SRR), (defined within the Kuala Lumpur and Kota
Kinabalu Flight Information Regions – FIR) as shown in Appendix
1.
1.3 With the implementation of National Security Council Directive No.
20 (known as Majlis Keselamatan Negara, MKN Arahan No. 20) by
the Prime Minister’s Department, effective 11 May 1997, ASAR
Operational Procedures have been amended to harmonise with
inter-agency actions during an aeronautical incident.
1.4 Maritime Search and Rescue (MSAR) is broadly defined as the
search for vessel in distress (or referred to as an ‘maritime
incident’), and the provision of aid to persons who are, or feared to
be, in need of assistance, regardless of the nationality or status of
IAMSAR VOL.IV 1 – 2
such persons or the circumstances in which such persons are
found at sea.
1.5 In Malaysia, MSAR services are provided in accordance with IMO
Maritime SAR Convention 1979, IMO SOLAS Convention 1974 and
UNCLOS 1982 and International Aeronautical Maritime Search and
Rescue (IAMSAR) Manual 1998.
2.0 PURPOSE
2.1 The purpose of the National Aeronautical and Maritime SAR
organisation is to direct, co-ordinate and control Aeronautical and
Maritime SAR missions within Search and Rescue Regions (SRRs)
in Malaysia, and to provide the organisational basis for co-
operation between the different Aeronautical and Maritime SAR
Authorities and assisting Aeronautical and Maritime SAR agencies.
This is implemented through the National Aeronautical and
Maritime SAR Plan.
3.0 NATIONAL AERONAUTICAL AND MARITIME SAR PLAN
3.1 The National Aeronautical And Maritime SAR Plan, referred to as
‘THE PLAN’ throughout this document, is a directive of the
Malaysian Government to Malaysian agencies for the provision and
coordination of aeronautical and maritime SAR services in order to
meet all obligations and requirements, at both national and
international levels. The objective of THE PLAN is to integrate into
a cooperative organisation all available SAR resources, which shall
be coordinated, in any incident, by a single SAR Authority. This is
to ensure the effective and economical utilisation of all available
SAR resources in all types of SAR missions.
IAMSAR VOL.IV 1 – 3
3.2 The provisions of THE PLAN are applicable to all agencies that are
represented in the NATIONAL SAR COMMITTEE (NSC) and those
identified and listed as primary and assisting aeronautical and
maritime SAR agencies. Other agencies may also participate, but
with prior knowledge and approval of the main responsible SAR
agencies.
4.0 GENERAL PROVISIONS OF THE PLAN
4.1 The Aeronautical and Maritime SAR Authorities shall encourage the
development and maintenance of proficiency in SAR techniques
and procedures by primary and assisting Aeronautical and Maritime
SAR agencies and assist them, as appropriate.
4.2 The Aeronautical and Maritime SAR boundaries established by or
under the THE PLAN are not to be construed as barriers to
effective Aeronautical and Maritime SAR missions. THE PLAN shall
not obstruct any prompt and effective action by any agency or
individual to relieve distress, whenever and wherever found.
4.3 Notwithstanding the above, THE PLAN is not intended to
contravene with any responsibilities and authority of any primary
and assisting Aeronautical and Maritime SAR agency as defined by
laws, regulations, orders, international agreements or
responsibilities of other agencies, which regularly assist persons
and property in distress resulting from activities of a local nature.
5.0 NATIONAL SAR COMMITTEE (NSC)
5.1 The overall responsibility for Aeronautical and Maritime SAR lies
with the National Security Council (MKN). This responsibility is
exercised by the Cabinet through the NSC, chaired by the
IAMSAR VOL.IV 1 – 4
Secretary of National Security Council. The NSC is the highest
official policy making body for aeronautical and maritime SAR in
Malaysia.
5.2 The NSC shall be responsible for advising the Cabinet, determining
the necessary broad policy required to achieve an efficient
aeronautical and maritime SAR organization, coordinating the
efforts of the relevant Ministries, Departments and Agencies, and
the pooling of resources, in particular:
a. regular review of aeronautical and maritime SAR arrangements;
b. make arrangements for the preparation and processing of any
required aeronautical and maritime SAR legislation and
international aeronautical and maritime SAR agreements;
c. agree upon the details of any international aeronautical and
maritime SAR Agreements;
d. general oversight and annual review of THE PLAN;
e. formally ratify arrangements and procedures developed by
working groups and sub-committees;
f. provide policy decision on matters that cannot be satisfactorily
resolved at sub-committees and working group level;
g. establish as required, sub-committees and working groups to
developed the necessary procedures, etc., to give effect to the
Committee’s decisions;
h. define aeronautical and maritime SAR equipment and
requirements, in accordance with broad principles, and
government and international policies;
i. approve procurement and disposition of aeronautical and
maritime SAR equipment and assets; and
j. any other matters pertaining to aeronautical and maritime SAR.
IAMSAR VOL.IV 1 – 5
5.3 The composition of the NSC is as follows:
a. CHAIRMAN
Secretary of National Security Council
b. MEMBERS
i. Secretary General Ministry of Finance or Representative;
ii. Secretary General Ministry of Defence or Representative;
iii. Secretary General Ministry of Home Affairs or
Representative;
iv. Secretary General Ministry of Health or Representative;
v. Secretary General Ministry of Foreign Affairs or
Representative;
vi. Secretary General Ministry of Transport or
Representative;
vii. Inspector General of Police or Representative;
viii. Chief of Army or Representative;
ix. Chief of Navy or Representative;
x. Chief of Air Force or Representative;
xi. Director General Civil Aviation Department or
Representative;
xii. Director General Marine Department or Representative;
xiii. Director General Fire And Rescue Department or
Representative;
xiv. Director General Malaysian Meteorological Services or
Representative;
xv. Director General Fisheries Department or Representative;
xvi. Director General Royal Customs or Representative;
xvii. Director General Malaysia Maritime Enforcement Agency
or Representative.
IAMSAR VOL.IV 1 – 6
c. SECRETARIAT
The Secretariat of NSC is established at National Security
Council.
5.4 The NSC, consistent with applicable laws and policies, coordinates
the implementation of THE PLAN. It reviews SAR matters affecting
more than one agency, including recommendations presented by
primary and assisting aeronautical and maritime SAR agencies for
revision or amendment of THE PLAN, and shall make appropriate
recommendations. It encourages all aeronautical and maritime
SAR agencies to develop equipment and procedures which will
enhance the National Aeronautical and Maritime SAR capability,
and will promote the coordinated development of all national
aeronautical and maritime SAR resources.
(See Appendix B – Org Chart).
6.0 AERONAUTICAL AND MARITIME SAR ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE
6.1 Aeronautical and Maritime SAR Authority
a. Structure
i. The structure of the Aeronautical and Maritime SAR
Organization in Malaysia is depicted in Figure 1.1 below.
Each SAR Authority ensures that every aeronautical and
maritime SAR mission is efficiently coordinated through
the effective use of all available SAR resources. It is the
responsibility of the SAR authority to set up an efficient
IAMSAR VOL.IV 1 – 7
operational organisation within the assigned SAR incident
type.
ii. The THE PLAN establishes two (2) SAR Authorities
(Aeronautical and Maritime) in Malaysia, according to the
type of SAR Incident. The Head of the Agency is the SAR
authority for the provision of SAR services for the type of
SAR incident, and also the Chairman of the Working
Group. The two SAR authorities (Aeronautical and
Maritime) in Malaysia are as follows:
Figure 1.1
Incident Type AERONAUTICAL MARITIME
SAR Authority MMEA
SAR Organisation
DGCA
ARCC
Head of SAR Service
SAR RESOURCES
ARSC
DCA
DG MMEA
MRCC
MRSC
IAMSAR VOL.IV 1 – 8
SAR AUTHORITY SAR SERVICE SAR INCIDENT
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL AVIATION
MALAYSIA
(DCA)
Chairman of Aeronautical Working
Group
Aeronautical SAR
Aeronautical
Incident
MALAYSIA MARITIME
ENFORCEMENT AGENCY (MMEA)
Chairman of Maritime Working
Group
Maritime SAR
Maritime Incident
6.2 Primary Responsibility
DCA and MMEA, as the aeronautical and maritime SAR authority
respectively, have the primary responsibility of ensuring that an
aeronautical or maritime SAR mission can be promptly initiated and
executed; with efficient use of available SAR resources, until
rescue has been in effect or until the chance of success is no
longer a reasonable possibility. This is achieved by developing a
SAR plan.
6.3 Aeronautical and Maritime SAR Mission Organisation
a. Structure
In each SAR incident type, there is a SAR Authority who is
responsible for the actual mission co-ordination and
organisation. This organisation begins at the Operation Centre
IAMSAR VOL.IV 1 – 9
of the SAR Authority and the organisation at the place or area of
incident. The organisational structure of each incident depends
on the scale, duration and complexity of the incident and
generally follows the structure given in Figure 1.2 below.
Rescue Co-ordination Centre
Mission Chief
Field Mission Chief
SAR Resources
6.4 Rescue Co-ordination Centre Organisation
Figure 1.2
a. The Rescue Co-ordination Centre (RCC)
A RCC is an operational facility established by a SAR Authority
for the purpose of promoting efficient organisation of SAR
services and for co-ordinating the conduct of SAR missions
within a SRR. The RCC shall be capable of responding to any
ARCC / MRCC
SAR MISSION CO-ORDINATOR (SMC)
ON-SCENE CO-ORDINATOR (OSC)
SAR UNITS (SRUs)
SRU SRU SRU
IAMSAR VOL.IV 1 – 10
request for information or assistance on a 24-hours a day basis.
THE PLAN establishes three RCCs in Malaysia’s SRRs; namely
ARCC Kuala Lumpur, ARCC Kota Kinabalu, and MRCC Putrajaya.
6.5 RCC/RSC Personnel
The staff of RCC shall perform both administrative and
operational duties. The RCC shall be staffed with trained and
experienced personnel to provide a continuous watch. In cases
where the RSC does not maintain a continuous watch, provision
shall be made to enable stand-by RSC staff to be mobilised
rapidly.
6.6 RCCs / RSCs in Malaysia
a. Aeronautical
DCA has established two (2) Aeronautical Rescue Co-ordination
Centres (ARCCs) and four (4) Aeronautical Rescue Co-ordination
Sub Centres (ARSCs) within the Kuala Lumpur and Kota
Kinabalu Aeronautical SRRs.
b. Maritime
MMEA has established one (1) Maritime Rescue Co-ordination
Centres (MRCCs) and five (5) Maritime Rescue Co-ordination
Sub Centres (MRSCs) within the Maritime SRRs of Malaysia.
IAMSAR VOL.IV 1 – 11
SRR MALAYSIA LOCATION NAME OF OPERATION
CENTRE
SUBANG ATCC
RMAF Base Butterworth
RMAF Base Kuantan
KOTA KINABALU ATCC
Kuching ATCC
RMAF Base Labuan
Aeronautical
KUALA LUMPUR
KOTA KINABALU
ARCC KUALA LUMPUR
ARSC Butterworth
ARSC Kuantan
ARCC KOTA KINABALU
ARSC Kuching
ARSC Labuan
PUTRAJAYA, MMEA, HQ
Peninsula Malaysia
MMEA Office Langkawi
MMEA Office Johor Bahru
MMEA Office Kuantan
MMEA Office Kuching
MMEA Office Kota Kinabalu
Maritime
PENINSULAR
MALAYSIA
Northern
Southern
East Coast
SABAH AND
SARAWAK
Sarawak
Sabah
MRCC PUTRAJAYA
MRSC Langkawi
MRSC Johor Bahru
MRSC Kuantan
MRSC Kuching
MRSC Kota Kinabalu
6.7 Search And Rescue Regions (SRRs) Of Malaysia
a. The SRRs of Malaysia are defined as follows:
i. Aeronautical SAR Region (ASRRs)- Appendix A
IAMSAR VOL.IV 1 – 12
The areas co-inside with the boundaries of the Kuala
Lumpur and Kota Kinabalu Flight Information Regions;
airspace as delegated by ICAO under Malaysia’s
jurisdiction, as promulgated in ICAO’s Regional Air
Navigation Plan.
ii. Maritime SAR Regions (MSRRs)- Appendix C
The waters of Malaysia including the areas declared as
the Continental Shelf Boundary and also the waters under
the Flight Information Regions [as in para 1.4.5 (i)
above] delegated to Malaysia. This information is
published in IMO SAR Plan.
7.0 ORGANISATION OF AERONAUTICAL AND MARITIME SAR AGENCIES
7.1 The Aeronautical and Maritime SAR Authorities shall undertake to
organise SAR resources for providing Aeronautical and Maritime
SAR services in order to carry out Malaysia’s Aeronautical and
Maritime SAR obligations under the Conventions of the
International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO) and the
International Maritime Organisation (IMO).
7.2 Primary and assisting agencies having primary SAR responsibilities
shall provide the fullest practicable co-operation to the
Aeronautical and Maritime SAR Authorities in Aeronautical and
Maritime SAR missions, consistent with the statutory
responsibilities and assigned functions of such agencies. This
enables the co-ordination and optimum utilisation of their
resources and facilities in a particular Aeronautical and Maritime
SAR mission by the relevant Aeronautical and Maritime SAR
Authorities, as may be necessary and practicable.
IAMSAR VOL.IV 1 – 13
8.0 CONDUCT OF AERONAUTICAL AND MARITIME SAR MISSIONS
8.1 The Aeronautical and Maritime SAR Authorities shall develop plans
and procedures for the effective utilisation of all available SAR
resources and facilities in Malaysia.
8.2 The Aeronautical and Maritime SAR Authorities may be assisted by,
or may request assistance from other agencies having SAR
capabilities.
8.3 Rescue Co-ordinating Centres (RCCs) shall conform with
international standards and procedures for Aeronautical and
Maritime SAR, in particular those required by the Conventions of
ICAO and IMO.
8.4 The Aeronautical and Maritime SAR Authorities shall co-ordinate
and direct the resources committed to any Aeronautical and
Maritime SAR missions. RCCs of the Aeronautical and Maritime SAR
Authorities and Operation Centres of other primary and assisting
agencies shall maintain liaison and support each other in
Aeronautical and Maritime SAR missions, as may be necessary and
practicable.
8.5 Liaison and co-operation in Aeronautical and Maritime SAR
missions shall be co-ordinated with Aeronautical and Maritime SAR
Authorities of neighbouring nations, as provided for in Bi-lateral
and Multi-lateral Aeronautical and Maritime SAR agreements.
9.0 SAR OPERATIONAL EXPENSES AND LIABILITY
9.1 Each SAR agency concerned shall be responsible for the expenses
incurred by its own SRUs deployed during an Aeronautical and
IAMSAR VOL.IV 1 – 14
Maritime SAR mission including those from other states that are
engaged in the operations unless special arrangement had been
made.
9.2 Any aircraft / vessel engaged in an Aeronautical and Maritime SAR
mission shall be exempted from government levied aviation and
maritime charges.
9.3 Notwithstanding the above, the Government of Malaysia shall not
be held liable for any direct, indirect or consequential damage or
loss incurred to any aircraft / vessel or any injury / death to any
personnel engaged in an Aeronautical and Maritime SAR mission.
10.0 PRIMARY AERONAUTICAL AND MARITIME SAR AGENCIES
10.1 National Security Council
National Security Council is the body responsible for establishing,
developing and maintaining Aeronautical and Maritime SAR
organisation in Malaysia. The Cabinet, through the Secretary
National Security Council, directs the NSC on policy, international
agreements, conventions and operational matters. The National
Security Council is responsible to the Cabinet on all matters
pertaining to Aeronautical and Maritime SAR.
10.2 Department of Civil Aviation Malaysia (DCA)
DCA is the SAR Authority for aeronautical incidents, and shall be
responsible for the provision of Aeronautical SAR service within
Malaysia’s Aeronautical Search And Rescue Regions (SRRs). As
such, DCA shall co-ordinate, liaise, train, equip, staff, maintain,
develop procedures and operations, and conduct exercises for A-
IAMSAR VOL.IV 1 – 15
SAR. DCA shall also assist the Maritime SAR Authority, when
requested.
10.3 Malaysian Maritime Enforcement Agency (MMEA)
MMEA is the SAR Authority for maritime incidents, and shall be
responsible for the provision of Maritime SAR service within
Malaysia’s Maritime SRRs. As such, MMEA shall co- ordinate, liaise,
train, equip, staff, maintain, develop procedures and operations
and conduct exercises for maritime SAR. MMEA shall also assist the
aeronautical SAR authority, when requested.
11.0 PARTICIPATING AERONAUTICAL AND MARITIME SAR AGENCIES
11.1 Several agencies that have extensive range of SAR resources have
been identified. Such agencies are capable of providing assistance
and support to aeronautical and maritime SAR Authorities. Hence,
they are responsible for providing vessels, aircrafts, other relevant
assets and personnel, for the purpose of assisting and supporting
Aeronautical and Maritime SAR missions, and providing
communication and logistic facilities, where required. They are as
follows:
a. Royal Malaysia Police (RMP)
RMP provides SAR assistance to maritime and aeronautical
incidents. RMP’s responsibilities are in the following:
i. provision of aerial, marine and land resources to facilitate
all SAR efforts;
IAMSAR VOL.IV 1 – 16
ii. provision of communication and logistic facilities where
required;
iii. as on-scene-coordinators for aeronautical accident over
land; and
iv. other assistance when required.
b. Royal Malaysia Air Force (RMAF)
RMAF is responsible for providing SAR assistance and support to
Aeronautical and Maritime SAR Authorities. The tasks of RMAF
within this context are as follows:
i. provision of RMAF aircraft resources and personnel for
the purpose of assisting and supporting all SAR missions;
ii. assistance in the provision and maintenance of survival
equipment for rescue functions;
iii. representation at appropriate RCC / RSC to provide
liaison with RMAF Operations Centre (Pusat Operasi
Tentera Udara - POTU), Air Operations Centre East
Malaysia (Pusat Operasi Udara Malaysia Timur - POUMT)
and other military authorities;
iv. establishes, equips and trains personnel to meet the
requirements of the above tasks. and
v. other assistance when required.
IAMSAR VOL.IV 1 – 17
c. Royal Malaysia Navy (RMN)
RMN provides assistance and support to Aeronautical and
Maritime SAR Authorities for all Aeronautical and Maritime SAR
missions. RMN’s tasks are as follows:
i. provision of RMN vessels, aircraft and other relevant
resources, and personnel for the purpose of assisting and
supporting aeronautical and maritime SAR missions;
ii. establishes, equips and trains personnel to meet the
requirements of the above tasks;
iii. representation at appropriate RCC / RSC to provide
liaison with FOC; and
iv. any other assistance as required.
d. Fire and Rescue Department Malaysia (FRD)
FRD provides support to the Aeronautical and Maritime SAR
Authorities through her various units. The forms of assistance
include:
i. provision of RMN vessels, aircraft and other relevant
resources, and personnel for the purpose of assisting and
supporting Aeronautical and Maritime SAR missions;
ii. establishes, equips and trains personnel to meet the
requirements of the above tasks; and
iii. any other assistance as required.
IAMSAR VOL.IV 1 – 18
e. Marine Department Malaysia (MARDEP)
MARDEP provides assistance and support for SAR that includes:
i. provision of vessels and personnel;
ii. Representation at appropriate MRCC / MRSC to provide
liaison duties;
iii. Assisting in the provision of any significant information
particular to distress vessel.
iv. representation at appropriate RCC / RSC to provide
liaison with MARDEP; and
v. any other assistance as required.
12.0 ASISTING AERONAUTICAL AND MARITIME SAR AGENCIES
12.1 Government Agencies
Many Government agencies are capable of providing SAR
resources and assisting an Aeronautical and Maritime SAR mission.
Among those identified:
i. Majlis Keselamatan Negara (National Security Council,
Prime Minister’s Department)- SMART team;
ii. Wisma Putra (Ministry of Foreign Affairs);
iii. Malaysian Army;
iv. Information Department;
v. Royal Customs Department;
vi. Immigration Department;
vii. Public Works Department;
viii. Meteorological Services Department;
ix. Medical And Health Department;
IAMSAR VOL.IV 1 – 19
x. Fisheries Department;
xi. Aborigines Affairs Department;
xii. Forestry Department;
xiii. Wildlife and Parks Department;
xiv. Port Authorities;
xv. District and Land Offices;
xvi. Volunteer Reserve Corp or RELA; and
xvii. JPA 3 or other Government Agencies, as required.
12.2 Commercial / Private / Volunteer Agencies
Support for Aeronautical and Maritime SAR may be provided by
any agency, be it voluntary group, commercial, private or
individual, that offers its resources to the Aeronautical and
Maritime SAR Authorities during an Aeronautical and Maritime SAR
mission. The Aeronautical and Maritime SAR Authority may accept
or reject the offer, depending on circumstances and situation. In
any case, any acceptance would strictly be on the conditions that
may be imposed by the Aeronautical and Maritime SAR Authority
concerned. Examples of such agencies are:
i. Telekom Malaysia Malaysia Berhad;
ii. Tenaga Nasional Berhad;
iii. Malaysia Airports Holding Berhad;
iv. Air Operators;
v. Flying Clubs, Flying Schools and Private Aircraft Owners;
vi. Merchant Vessels and Commercial Ships;
vii. Fishing Co-operatives, Fishing Vessels, Private Yachts and
Launches;
viii. Salvage Companies;
ix. Oil Companies;
x. Port Operators and
IAMSAR VOL.IV 1 – 20
xi. Other Commercial / Private / Volunteer Agencies, as
required.
13.0 PRESS AND PUBLIC RELATIONS
13.1 The public should be informed during Aeronautical and Maritime
SAR missions of public interests, within the limits of confidentiality,
of aeronautical and maritime SAR system actions. The potential
benefits of early release of information include:
a. additional information from the public, leading to more
effective use of SAR resources;
b. fewer time-consuming requests from the news media; and
c. reduction in inaccurate public speculation about the
aeronautical and maritime SAR mission.
13.2 The aeronautical and maritime SAR Authority shall make
arrangements to issue timely press release whenever any incident
has occurred and / or an aeronautical and maritime SAR mission is
in progress. This may be co-ordinated with the Information
Department, when necessary.
14.0 INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS
International Organizations have been formed to standardize Aeronautical and
Maritime SAR missions that require international co-operation. While signatory
nations of a treaty, convention or agreement do not pledge to always
conform, they do seriously consider standards outlined in such documents.
14.1 International Civil Aviation Organisation (ICAO)
IAMSAR VOL.IV 1 – 21
ICAO is a worldwide United Nation agency formed for the
primary purpose of administering the Convention on
International Civil Aviation, which was designed to promote the
safe, orderly and efficient growth of international civil aviation,
including both commercial and general aviation. The detailed
requirements for A-SAR can be found in the Annexes to the
Convention; Annex 12-SAR, which contains those standards and
recommended practices adopted under the Convention
especially for Aeronautical service. ICAO documents pertinent to
A-SAR service include:
a. Annex 3,
Meteorological service for international navigation
Chapter 10: Information for ATS, SAR and AIS
METEOROLOGY
b. Annex 11
Chapter 5: Alerting Service
, AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL SERVICES
c. Annex 12,
SEARCH AND RESCUE
d. Doc4444
Part VII: FIS and Alerting Service
- RAC / 501 RULES OF THE AIR AND ATS
e. Doc7030 / 4
REGIONAL SUPPLEMENTARY PROCEDURES
14.2 International Maritime Organisation (IMO)
IMO is a United Nation agency which promotes shipping safety
and safety of life at sea. IMO coordinates and issues
international procedures for SAR at sea. It administers, among
others, the International Convention for maritime SAR. SOLAS,
IAMSAR VOL.IV 1 – 22
among other things, requires merchant vessels to be equipped
with radios fitted with automatic alarm device and carry
emergency and survival equipment. SOLAS also establishes
requirements for merchant vessels to respond to a distress
signal from any craft or person
14.3 International Aeronautical And Maritime SAR (IAMSAR) Manual
The IAMSAR Manual was jointly published by ICAO and IMO in
1998 by the Joint Working Group On Harmonisation Of
Aeronautical And Maritime SAR. This was because ICAO and IMO
have the same global mandate of developing and maintaining
standardized guidelines which will assist governments in promoting
the establishment and maintenance of an adequate and effective
Aeronautical and Maritime SAR service.
The three volumes of the IAMSAR Manual, namely:
a. Volume I – Organisation And Management
b. Volume II – Mission Co-ordination
c. Volume III – Mobile Facilities;
are aimed States in meeting their own Aeronautical and Maritime
SAR needs, and the obligations they accepted under the
Convention on International Civil Aviation, the International
Convention on M-SAR and the International Convention for the
Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS). These volumes provide guidelines
for a common aviation and maritime approach to organising and
providing Aeronautical and Maritime SAR services. States are
encouraged to develop and improve their Aeronautical and
Maritime SAR services, co-operate with neighbouring States and to
consider their Aeronautical and Maritime SAR services to be part of
a global system.