IAIAIAI S |Annual Meeting: PhiladelphiaA BRIEF PROSPECTUS OF THE 1971 AAAS ANNUAL MEETING

W. G. Berl, Meetings Editor

For the 138th time since its founding in 1848 the AAASis calling together its members, supporters, and friends (andsome of its critics) for another meeting. It is the penulti-mate gathering during the "week after Christmas," a datethat has been traditional since 1904. Perhaps as many as10,000 will participate in person, with many more followingthe television, radio, and newspaper accounts of the proceed-ings. Answers to more than 100 different symposium ques-tions will be sought, many of which go to the heart ofscientific and social problems that influence us all deeply.The names of the participants and titles of the discussionsare summarized in the following pages. It is an impressivelist, including among them many of the most thoughtfulminds in this country and abroad.

But a listing of names and titles alone is inadequate todescribe the design and objectives of the meeting. Like acomplex organism it is made up of parts with differingfunctions andstructures. It con-t uesIt ogna Comparative Immunology of the Oraltinues its original Cavity; Regulation of Organ and Tis-objective, now sue Growth; Encounter Groups; Theshared with many Cosmic Distance Scale; Heavy Metalsprofessional soci- as an Environmental Hazard to Fish,eties, as a forum Birds and Man; Invertebrate Behav-for the presenta- ior; The Vertebrate Integumenttion of new dis-coveries. It performs this traditional task to advance knowl-edge by sharingamong special-ized audiences Thirst: New Findings and Advancesthe experiences in Concept; Prenatal Ontogeny ofof like-minded Behavior and the Nervous Systemcolleagues. Suchexchanges are especially useful when participants from allover the world attend.A different purpose is served by discussions of a multi-

tude of topics,dealing with our-selves and the Astronomy from a Space Platform;world in which The Early History of Earth andwe live, from the Moon; The Role of Odor in Lifevantage points of Activities; Mineral Elements in theseveral scientific Food Chain; Polar Deserts; Indica-.sevea .tors of Environmental Quality; Sounddisciplines. These and Music; Value and Knowledgeilluminations, de- Requirements for Peace; The Roleliberately going of Mathematics in the Developmentbeyond tradition- of Science; Some Mathematical Ques-al professional tions in Biology; Physics Looks atboundaries and Biological Structures; Living Sys-

tems: Synthesis, Assembly, Origin;often covering "The Descent of Man"-A Reviewthe topics in great of Progress in Understanding Man'sdepth, encom- Origin; Biological and Cultural Basespass the entire of Sex Role Differentiation; The Nav-peass the scente igation Sciences; Lightning; Sentics,realm of science Brain Function and Human Valuesand technology.

At present, this endeavor forms the core of the AAASMeeting. It represents an annual review of progress in activeareas of research. It is intended for an audience composedof scientists and engineers whose interests extend beyond thebounds of a single specialty and who are rewarded by un-expected vistas and novel insights.A third function, gradually coming into focus, deals with

matters of publicinterest and con-cern where sci- Oceanography-Its Status Today andOutlook for the Future; The Energyence and tech- Crisis: Some Implications and Alter-nology are play- natives; International Science anding an important International Development; Workersrole. This in- and the Environment; Operationalcludes not only Research and Management Sciencetopics bounded

in the Administration of Justice

by technical is-sues but the explorations also probe deeply into nationalgoals. An in-creasingly largenumbereofpeople How Valuable Is Human Health?;frombe outsieothe Can We Develop an Index for Quail-from outside the ity of Life?; The Use of Scientificscientific profes- Information in Policy Making; Em-sion participate ployment and Utilization of Scien--lawyers, labor tists; Communication Technology andand business Its Effect on People; Alternativespokemen,leg- Approaches in National Delivery ofspokesmen, leg- Health Care

islators and pub-lic officials, writ-ers, planners, designers, film makers, historians, educators.A fourth objective, only dimly perceived at present, is

the building ofbridges of un-derstanding with Science Writing as Literature; Sci-people Lwh ence and the Humanities; Lootingpeople who0, the Past: An International Scandal;though not di- Scientific Institutions of the Future;rect participants Johannes Kepler; Youth Speaks aboutin the scientific Itself; Undergraduate Student-Origi-enterprise, are in- nated Studies of Environmental Prob-

fle.it i lems; AAAS Youth Council Work-fluenced by it in shopstheir attitudes-and with theyoung without whose active interest and participation nofuture is possible.

Another way of interpreting the content of the AAASMeeting is to describe major themes that keep recurring.The broad sweep of coverage in the interdisciplinary sym-posia has already been mentioned. However, three topicsappear this year in a variety of forms and contexts. Theyseek answers to:

How to live on a finite earthHow to live a good life on a finite earthHow to live a good life on a finite earth at peace and

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The address of the retiring AAAS president (AthelstanSpilhaus) will deal with "Ecolibrium," the need to find anew balance between man's demands and the capacity ofthe earth to support them. This theme will be extended inthree discussions on "Technology and Growth in a Resource-Limited World"; "A Search for the Recognizable Goals andConstraints of the Steady State Earth," and "General Systemsof the World Environment." It will be amplified in severalothers: PEOPLE ("Population Control in Social and Eco-nomic Perspective" and "Scientific Aspects of Contracep-tion"); ENERGY ("The Commitment to Nuclear Energy"by Alvin Weinberg; "The Energy Crisis: Some Implicationsand Alternatives" and "Energy Production from NuclearFusion"); RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENT ("Con-servation Practices in Africa Today" by Louis S. B. Leakey;"'Environmental Sciences and International Development";"Geological Implications of Solid Waste Landfill"; "Re-search in the National Parks").The topic of the "good life" will be pursued along the

following lines: "The Sciences in the Service of UrbanPhiladelphia" with an introductory lecture by ConstantinosA. Doxiadis is a wide-ranging case study of efforts to dealwith contemporary urban problems. "Can We Develop anIndex for Quality of Life?" will analyze the costs and bene-fits of socially desirable activities. "Man-Machine Inter-actions and Implications for Society" and "Technology andthe Humanization of Work" deal with the interaction of

man with the inventions of his own making. "ScientificInstitutions of the Future" is an appraisal of the frameworkthat will assist in bringing about the desired results.Without "peace sans destructive mismatches" there will

be no future. A discussion of "Value and Knowldege Re-quirements for Peace" is supplemented by three relatedsymposia on "The Role of Aggression in Human Adaption,""Confronting the Violence of Normal Man," and "Opera-tions Research and Management Science in the Administra-tion of Justice." A number of technical and social problems,affecting and afflicting scientists and society alike, are beingexplored: "Women in Academia: Evolving Policies towardEqual Opportunity"; "Fair Hiring Practices in the Univer-sities"; "Employment and Utilization of Scientists"; "TheInformation-Conscious Society"; "Smoking and Health Now";"The Overmedicated Society"; and many others.Can the disparate demands of such a complicated meet-

ing be met? Would it not be simpler, as is done so fre-quently, to tackle only one topic or establish only one levelof involvement? As a social institution with complex ob-ligations and broad mandates a strong case can be madefor pegging objectives as high as possible, even though theymay be difficult to achieve. Breadth of coverage and depthof understanding; specialization and broad outlooks; awillingness to discuss hard questions with fairness and withcandor-these are the key ingredients that fashion usefuland provocative meetings.

"From where do we come? What are we? Where are we going?"-PAUL GAUGUIN

"Innovation must work toward a new harmony, a new equilibrium; otherwise it will only lead to an explosion."-DENNIs GABOR

AAAS INVITED LECTURES ANDILLUSTRATED LECTURES

Special Lecture I (26 Dec.)Constantinos A. Doxiadis (President, Athens Technologi-

cal Organization, Athens, Greece).The Two Headed Eagle (From the Past to the Future of

Human Settlements).

Distinguished Lecture (27 Dec.)Louis S. B. Leakey (Director, Center for Prehistory and

Palaontology, National Museum, Nairobi, Kenya).Mammals (including Man) and Their Environment in Re-

lation to Conservation Problems in Africa today.

Address of the Retiring AAAS President (28 Dec.)Athelstan Spilhaus (Fellow, Woodrow Wilson Interna-

tional Center for Scholars, Smithsonian Institution).Ecolibrium.

George Sarton Memorial Lecture (28 Dec.)Ernst Mayr (Agassiz Professor of Zoology, Museum of

Comparative Zoology, Harvard University).From Catastrophism to Evolutionism-The History of a

Conceptual Transition.

The Scientific Research Society of America (RESA)Annual Address and Procter Prize (29 Dec.)

Jack E. Goldman (Senior Vice President, Research andDevelopment, Xerox Corporation, Stamford).

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Toward a National Technology Policy.Panel: Aaron J. Gellman, James B. Quinn, Donald A.

Schon.

Phi Beta Kappa Lecture (29 Dec.)Jean Mayer (Professor of Nutrition, Harvard University

School of Public Health).Science Without Conscience.

Special Lecture II (30 Dec.)Charles Eames (Designer, Venice, California).I Care if Some @ #!!!¢&*!!! Invents an Instrument to

Measure Spring With!

Illustrated Lecture I (26 Dec.)Carl Sagan (Professor of Astronomy and Space Sciences,

and Director, Laboratory for Planetary Studies, CornellUniversity).

The Planet Mars.

Illustrated Lecture H (27 Dec.)Alvin M. Weinberg (Director, Oak Ridge National Lab-

oratory).The Commitment to Nuclear Energy (Rutherford Centen-

nial Lecture).

Illustrated Lecturem (28 Dec.)Paul D. MacLean (Chief, Laboratory of Brain Evolution

and Behavior, National Institute of Mental Health).The Brain's Generation Gap: Some Human Implications.

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mwtrated Lectr IV (29 Dec.)Jerome S. Bruner (Professor of Psychology, Center for

Cognitive Studies, Harvard University).The Uses of Immaturity.

Illustrated Lecture V (30 Dec.)William J. L. Sladen (Professor, The Johns Hopkins Uni-

versity School of Hygiene and Public Health).Adelie Peniguins anzd Whistlitng Swans (A Study of Individ-

ials Amidst Masses).

AAAS COMMITTEE SYMPOSIA*Environmental Sciences and InternationalDevelopment (27-30 Dec.)

Developing countries are facing environmental problemsbecause of the introduction of modern technology. How canscientific and technological institutions be designed that areecologically compatible?

Wasif Ahmed, Ming-Hsien Sun, Frederick W. Plapp, Jr.,Kevin P. Shea, Wolf Roder, Obi Chizea, Nguen Thi Thanh,E. B. Pfeifler, Arthur H. Westing, Mohamed Mauroof, JohnK. C. Liu, Kok Chiang Tan, Luke S. K. Wong, Jung HynnCho, Edwin H. Clarke 11, Kariba Munio, Daniel H. Kohl,M. Taghi Farvar, Kyle R. Barbehenn, Leonardo Mata, HwaYol Jung, Richard Garcia, Carter L. Marshall, Jai-HyupKim, Barry Commnoner, Alan H. McGowan, Margaret L.Thomtas, Francisco Szekely, Sarjeet Singh, Deepak Bajra-charya, Howard Boksenbauim, Donald Aitken.

*The Use of Scientific Informationin Policy Making (28 Dec.)Do scientists sometimes confuse facts with advocacy? Do

institutions resist public involvement that might impair theirpromoton of science? How effective is government's abilityto utilize scientific advice?

Richard H. Bolt, Williamn D. Carey, D. Elizabeth Cuadra,A. Hunter Dupree, Marvin L. Esch, Bernard H. Manheimer,Walter Modell, Don K. Price, Joel R. Primack.

*The Energy Crisis: Some Implicationsand Alternatives (28-29 Dec.)The United States is faced with an energy crisis. What are

the options available regarding energy production and utiliza-tion? What alternatives, including changes in society andlife styles, are possible?Dean E. Abrahamson, Arthur Talnplin, Milton Shaw,

Theodore Taylor, Daniel Ford, William Hamnbleton, ArthurSquires, Seymour Alpert, Robert Lundberg, Hoyt Hottel,John O'Leary, Thomas Stauffer, James Fay, Lowell Wood,John Nuckolls, C. John Banwell, Tsvi Meidav, RichardTybout, Richard Baillie, Donald P. Geesaman, S. DavidFreeman, Barry Commoner, Herman Daly, John Todd,Richard G. Stein, Samn E. Beall, Jr., Arthur J. Miller.

Polar Deserts (29-30 Dec.)Polar deserts have a delicate balance between the clima-

tological, geological and biological processes. What are theproblems regarding man's interaction with the polar en-vironment?

Harold E. Dregne, James H. Zumnberge, Mario B. Gi-ovinetto, Troy L. Pewe, William E. Davies, Dean F. Peter-

* Symposia marked by an asterisk deal with topics of particular interestto the general public.

19 NOVEMBER 1971

son, J. C. F. 7Tedrow, Roy E. Cameron, William S. Benning-hoff, Graham W. Rowley, Maurice M. Kelso, Arlon Tus-sing, John C. Reed, George Jacobsen, Fred G. Armstrong,Richard B. Woodbury, Albert M. Stone, Fletcher C. Pad-dison, J. W. Grainge, John W. Shaw, William M. Smith.

GENERAL SCIENCE SYMPOSIA*Workers and the Environment (26 Dec.)

George Wald, Anthony Mazzocchi, Sidney M. Wolfe,Ralph Nader.

*Scientific Institutions of the Future (27 Dec.)What are the significant aspects of today's research in-

stitutions? How will this illuminate the future directionsof change?

Philip C. Ritterbush, Jack Meltzer, John Steinhart, DonaldW. Collier, Jon Seger, F. Joseph Stokes, Jr., Thomas J.Cottle, Christian N. Ramsey, Jr.

Employment and Utilization of Scientists (27 Dec.)H. William Koch, Betty M. Vetter, Raymond W. Sears,

Herbert 1. Fusfeld, Wayne R. Gruner.

*Value and Knowledge Requirementsfor Peace (27-30 Dec.)

Is peace possible? Can man systematically acquire thevalues and knowledge essential for nonviolent change?What is the biological basis for destructive behavior? Whatdo decision-makers need to know in order to take construc-tive action? Can technology be employed to enhance theprobabilities of peaceful change? What are the knowledgeneeds of international organizations? What are alternativeworld orders toward which we may move? When violencebreaks out, what role can knowledge play in resolving con-flict?

Bruce M. Russett, Jean-Jacques Servan-Schreiber (France),Karl W. Deutsch, William H. McNeill, Hubert H. Hum-phrey, Elise Boulding, Johan Galtung (Norway), Lorenz K.Y. Ng, Louis S. B. Leakey (Kenya), Allyn C. Deets, Mar-garet K. Harlow, Harry F. Harlow, Halsey M. Marsden,John B. Calhoun, Peter A. Corning, Robert C. North,Richard A. Falk, Robert H. Williams, Dennis L. Meadows,Nazli Choucri, Chadwick F. Alger, Zdenck J. Slouka, An-thony Judge (Belgium), George Modelski, Edward Miles,Robert Cox, Saul H. Mendlovitz, Ali A. Mazrui (Uganda),George B. Kistiakowsky, Morton H. Halperin, Leslie Gelb,Frankie Fitzgerald, Paul E. Wehr, A. Paul Hare, FredOvsiew, Rudolph Tolbert, Brenda Jefferson, Carl Tannen-bauin, Kenneth Clark, George Rathjens, Walter Isard.

*THE SCIENCES IN THE SERVICE OF URBANPHILADELPHIA (27-30 Dec.)

Urban Health Care (27 Dec.)Robert M. Sigmond, Carl Moore, Daniel Liebermnan,

Edward Sewell, William F. Hamilton, Stanley J. Brody,Daniel Hall, Helen 0. Dickens, Patrick B. Storey, JamesSnipe.

University-Black Ghetto Relations:A Case Study (27 Dec.)

Russell L. Ackojf, Herman C. Wrice, John A. Russell,Jr., Frederick L. Fletcher, Jr.

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Socially Responsive Actions by Institutionsof Higher Education (28 Dec.)Herman Niebuhr, William E. Gardener, Thomas J. Rit-

ter, Betty B. Schantz, Leonard P. Krivy, Millard E. Glad-felter, P. Walton Purdom, Randall H. Whaley, Jack L.Grass.

Urban Education in the Schools (28 Dec.)1. Ezra Staples, Victor P. Satinsky, Leonard B. Finkel-

stein, Gary Seifert.

New Towns and Old Cities: Prospects for Partnershipin Urban Planning (28 Dec.)

William L. Rafsky, Edmund N. Bacon, Henry Maier, M.Todd Cooke, Jr., William L. Slayton, Herman C. Wrice.

Interactions Between Natural and UrbanEcological Communities (29 Dec.)

Clyde E. Goulden, G. Evelyn Hutchinson, David R.Gates, L. Basil Slobodkin, Donald Cornely, David R. God-dard, Francis Davis, Ruth Patrick, Ian L. McHarg, W. T.Edmondson.

The Future of the Cities: An OverviewPanel Discussion (30 Dec.)David R. Goddard, Russell Ackofi, Stanley J. Brody,

Millard E. Gladfelter, Ruth Patrick, William L. Rafsky,Mark R. Shedd.

*SOUND AND MUSIC (27-30 Dec.)

Acoustics of Orchestral MusicalInstruments (27 Dec.)

Arthur H. Benade, Daniel W. Martin, Carleen M.Hutchins, Arend Bouhuys.

Musical Perception (28 Dec.)W. Dixon Ward, William Poland, Arthur H. Benade,

Paul C. Boomsliter, Warren Creel, Albert S. Bregmnan,Norman Cazden.

Architectural Acoustics (28 Dec.)Robert S. Shankland, Theodore J. Schultz, George C.

Izenour, C. P. Boner.

Environmental Noise and Its Control (29 Dec.)Joseph F. Pizzirusso, Laymon N. Miller, Alexander

Cohen, Paul Borsky, Theodore J. Schultz, James H. Bots-ford, Clifford R. Bragdon, James J. Kaufman, Rocco A.DiTaranto, Harvey H. Hubbard, William N. Scott, GrantS. Anderson, George E. Winzer, William W. Lang, GeorgeM. Diehl, Paul B. Ostergaard.

Computers and Music (29 Dec.)Max V. Mathews, Lejaren Hiller, Jean-Claude Risset,

F. Richard Moore.

Education in Acoustics (30 Dec.)R. Bruce Lindsay, Eugene Watson, William J. Strong,

John C. Johnson.

Acoustics-Teaching for All Curricula (30 Dec.)Joseph F. Pizzirusso, Richard Winchester, Louis G.

Wersen, R. Bruce Lindsay, Raymond J. Seeger, David E.Connor.

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*Science and Medicine in the Peoples Republic of China:Contemporary Observations (28 Dec.)

A. W. Galston, Victor Sidel, Chen N. Yang.

Research in the National Parks (Centennial SymposiumCommemorating the Founding of the NationalPark Service, 1872) (28-29 Dec.)What is the role of science in the development of parks?

What is being done to put park management on a soundecological basis?

Robert M. Linn, Raymond F. Dasmann, Douglas B.Houston, Margaret M. Meagher, Paul J. Godfrey, Peter S.Hayden, Warren F. Steenbergh, Bruce M. Kilgore, John C.Ogden, Alan H. Robinson, Neil H. Cheek, William L.Yancey, Donald R. Field, Durward L. Allen, Glen F. Cole,Clifford Martinka, Stanley A. Cain, Robert Cahn, A.Starker Leopold, Sigurd Olsen.

Student-Originated Studies: An Ongoing Experimentin Undergraduate Student-Directed Studiesof Environmental Problems (28-29 Dec.)

Students will report on 103 projects conducted in 1971.How effective is this program to express their concern forthe environmental well-being of the United States?

Alexander J. Barton, Charles H. Dickens.

*How Valuable Is Human Health? (29 Dec.)What priority do we give to health? What kind and how

much do we want?Edmund D. Pellegrino, Shirley Chisholmn, Wilma Scott

Heide, John L. S. Holloman, Jr., Ernest B. Howard, VernonE. Wilson, L. C. Dorsey, Herbert S. Denenberg, William F.Maloney, Peter Rogatz.

*Man-Machine Interactions and Implicationsfor Society (29 Dec.)What are the most significant interactions? How will they

affect the identity of man and the workings of society?Carl L. Sandler, Arthur Kantrowitz, John McHale, Em-

manuel G. Mesthene, Theodore J. Gordon, Ralph W.Burhoe, Anthony W. Smith, Louis H. Mayo, James C.Charlesworth.

The Role of Mathematics in the Developmentof Science (29 Dec.) -

What is mathematics? To what extent is it intuitional?To what extent is it related to logic? How is science relatedto it?

Cyril S. Smith, Salomon Bochner, Harold Grad, MarkKac, Oskar Morgenstern, J. Barkley Rosser, Eugene P.Wigner, Raymond J. Seeger, H. J. Bremnerman, FreemanJ. Dyson, Lawrence R. Klein, C. C. Li, David D. McFar-land, Ernest Nagel, Dudley Shapere, F. Joachim Weyl, A.S. Wightman.

*Communications Technology and Its Effecton People (29 Dec.)To what use will cable television be put, which is capable

of carrying twenty or more channels one-way and whichwill evolve into a two-way network soon? Who will useand control it? How will it effect education, opinion polling,health care delivery, law enforcement?

Walter S. Baer, Edward S. Mason, Peter Goldmark,George F. Mansur, Paul Baran, William Wright.

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*Ca We Develop a Index for Qualityof Life? (30 Dec.)Can we define and measure quality of life? How does one

handle items that cannot be quantified? How can one con-vert the national income aggregates (GNP) into an indexfor the quality of life? What really constitutes quality oflife as opposed to economic welfare? Can social indicationsbe aggregated? Who should determine quality of life-andfor whom-in a stratified society?

S. Fred Singer, Uriel G. Foa, Martin R. Gainsbrugh, F.Thomas Juster, William D. Nordhaus, Mancur L. Olson,Richard Ruggles, Jerry Combs, Daniel P. Moynihan, Leon-ard Rodberg, Simon Teitel, Marie Wilson.

*Women in Academia: Evolving Policies towardEqual Opportunities (30 Dec.)What are the ways and means toward achievement of full

equal opportunity for women in the universities?Arie Y. Lewin, Mary Bunting, Alice H. Cook, Stanley

Pottinger, Edward Schatz, Ethel Bent Walsh, Elga Was-serman, Dudley Herschbach, Margaret Rumbarger, Eliza-beth Scott, Lenore Weitzman.

*A Search for the Recognizable Goals and Constraintsof the Steady State Earth (30 Dec.)What is the nature of a dynamic society of'fixed popula-

tion on a finite earth with finite resources?Perry L. Blackshear, Jr., Daniel J. Fennell, Mulford Q.

Sibley, Earl Cook, Ariel Lugo, Arthur Kantrowitz, GeorgeBuglierello.

MATHEMATICS (A)Some Mathematical Questions in Biology (26-27 Dec.)

Current studies in mathematical biology that deal withmacromolecules, cells, organisms and evolution.

Jack D. Cowan, Hans J. Bremermann, Joseph J. Higgins,Ilya Prigogine (Belgium), Murray Gerstenhaber, BruceKnight, William M. Siebert, Rene Thom (France).

Contributions of Operations Researchto Mathematics (27 Dec.)

Saul 1. Gass, Albert W. Tucker, Thomas L. Saaty, RogerWets, Jack Edmonds.

The Relation Between the Application of Mathematicsand Teaching of Mathematics (28 Dec.)What is the philosophy and actual practice in the teach-

ing of applied mathematics?Henry 0. Pollak, William M. Fitzgerald, Arthur Engel

(Germany), Maynard D. Thompson, William H. Kruskal,John G. Truxal.

Mathematics and Science for the Man and Womanin the Street (30 Dec.)

Robert A. Rosenbaum, Earl D. Hanson, An-Min Chung.

PHYSICS (B)Energy Production from Nuclear Fusion (27 Dec.)

One percent of available deuterium, burned at 10 percentefficiency, would provide energy for 7 billion people for

. 3 million years at twice the U.S. level of today. How can

19 NOVEMBER 1971

this controlled fusion be developed to be both compatiblewith the environment and capable of supplying the world'sneeds?

Albert M. Stone, Roy W. Gould, Harold P. Furth, FredL. Ribe, Harold K. Korsen.

Physics Looks at Biological Structure (28 Dec.)Lee D. Peachy, B. P. Schoenborn, R. Langridge, A. V.

Crewe, R. G. Shulman, P. Lduger (Germany), BrittonChance, R. H. Adrian (Great Britain), E. R. Weibel (Swit-zerland).

CHEMISTRY (C)The Role of Odor in Life Activities (27 Dec.)The study of compounds produced by animals arousing

specific responses within members of the species has yieldedspectacular results. What are the advances in chemorecep-tion by animals, including man?

Irwin Hornstein, Thomas S. Reese, Lloyd M. Beidler,Wendell L. Roelofs, Murray S. Blum, Jelle Atema, Earl L.Muetterties, David G. Moulton, Stanley K. Freeman.

Living Systems: Synthesuw, Assembly, Origins (29 Dec.)What are the several approaches to the artificial production

of living systems? How much variation within proteins,nucleic acids, cells and multicellular organisms is possible?

Charles C. Price, Sidney W. Fox, Klaus Hofmann, MarvinCaruthers, D. J. Kushner, James F. Danielli, Rolf Lohr-mann, Robert Sanchez, Duane L. Rohlfing, Richard S.Young.

ASTRONOMY (D)Astromony from a Space Platform (27-28 Dec.)What are the advantages and limitations of space astron-

omy platforms? What are the objectives, space instrumentsand space systems for planetary, solar, stellar and galacticastronomy? What are the new developments for very largespace telescopes and space instruments?

Richard Tousey, Carl Sagan, Frank Q. Orrall, William C.Schneider, Gordon Newkirk, Jr., George H. Ludwig, RobertR. Bless, George Preston, Arthur D. Code, Carl L. Kober,Irwin I. Shapiro, William F. Hoffmann, F. Peter Simmons,C. R. O'Dell, Kenneth Greisen, Robert E. Danielson,Lawrence E. Peterson, Herbert Gursky, Andrew Bufflngton,Nancy G. Roman, Richard H. Miller, George R. Carruthers,E. Joseph Wampler, Herbert F. Wischnia, Murk Bottema,Stanley Ross, Fred Lawrence Whipple, Karl G. Henize,John E. Naugle, Walter Sullivan.

The Cosmic Distance Scale (29 Dec.)Why is the galactic distance scale in debate and what

are the changes proposed for the extra-galactic scale?L. W. Frederick, Peter van de Kamp, William Liller,

S. W. McCuskey, G. 0. Abell.

GEOLOGY AND GEOGRAPHY (E)Education and Environmental Studies (27 Dec.)

Robert E. Samples, Nicolas Helburn, Manert Kennedy.

The Early History of the Earth and Moon (28 Dec.)What is the new evidence bearing on the evolution of

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the Earth and Moon during the last 41/2 billion years? Whatis the origin of the Moon and how did it associate with theEarth?

Harold C. Urey, Robert R. Newton, Giorgio Pannella,S. Keith Runcorn (Great Britain), Gerald Wasserburg, PaulW. Gast, Carl Sagan, Fred L. Whipple, Robert Phinney,John A. Wood, William K. Hartmann, John A. O'Keefe,S. Fred Singer.

Geological Implications of Solid Waste Landfill (29 Dec.)Getting rid of solid wastes in the ground on the principle

"out of sight, out of mind" is no longer acceptable. Whatare the principles for the selection of solid landfill wastedisposal sites?

Arthur A. Socolow, D. A. Stephenson, S. Jackson Hub-bard, Norbert B. Schomaker, George M. Hughes, RichardR. Parizek, Donald Langmuir, Grover H. Hemrich, Gary L.Merritt, William C. Bucciarelli, Edwin G. Ottom, W. L.Fisher, L. F. Brown, Jr.

Cave Biology. Bats: Their Ecology, Physiology, Behaviorand Future Survival (30 Dec.)

Robert E. Henshaw, Roy Horst, Scott D. Keefer, CharlesE. Mohr, Thomas L. Poulson.

BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES (FG)

Arthropod Molting (27 Dec.)John D. O'Connor, David S. King, Thomas A. Gorell,

M. A. McWhinnie, Bradley T. Scheer, Walter Bollenbacher.

Chromosomal Analysis and Differentiation (27 Dec.)Hans Lautfer, Ronald A. Eckhardt, Patrick L. Gage, T. C.

Spelsberg, Michael W. Berns, Marie Di Berardino, HidemiSato, Edward J. Modest.

Experimental Manipulation of Natural Systems (27 Dec.)How can large ecosystems be analyzed quantitatively?William E. Cooper, D. E. Reichle, D. Simberloff, H.

Bormann, 1. Valiela, P. Dayton, D. Schindler, K. Cum-mins, R. Van Note.

Indicators of Environmental Quality (27-28 Dec.)How can the quality of the environment, consisting of

many diverse elements, be described in the fewest possibleterms with the maximum information content?

William A. Thomas, Thomas L. Kimball, Gordon J. F.MacDonald, Herbert H. Brown, Martin Murie, ChesterRapkin, Howard Reiquam, John F. Finklea, Ruth Patrick,Walter W. Heck, Gerald Goldstein, Trugg Engen, RobertM. Brown, Wilbur D. Schults, Lyndon R. Babcock, Jr.,David M. Lipscomb.

The Vertebrate Integument (27-28 Dec.)W. B. Quay, Paul F. A. Maderson, A. Kligman, B. A.

Flaxman, M. L. Moss, W. C. Quevado, J. Taylor, W. Mon-tagna, M. Hadley, J. K. Ling, R. Scheuplein, E. Kallar,T. S. Argyris, R. J. Goss.

Invertebrate Behavior (27-28 Dec.)Peter N. Witt, Vincent Castellucci, Thomas Alloway,

Howard Vogel, Ernst Kullmann (Germany), Carl J. Berg,Paul Downey, Charles F. Reed, Albert Carlson, VincentDethier, Alfred Finck, Alan Gelperin, Behrus Jahan-Parwar,

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John Palka, Langley Wood, Alastair M. Stuart, HowardTopoff, S. W. T. Batra, Neal A. Weber, Murray S. Blum,G. Knerer, Irvine R. Hagadorn, J. W. Truman, L. M. Rid-diford, R. H. Barth, Lincoln P. Brower, R. L. Caldwell,Irving Kupfermann, R. E. Cogeshall.

"The Descent of Man"-Charles Darwin, 1871: A Reviewof a Century of Progress in UnderstandingMan's Origins (28 Dec.)Elwyn L. Simons, John Pfeifler, Clifford J. Jolly, Alan

Mann, David R. Pilbeam, John Buettner-Janusch, AlanLomax.

Comparative Aspects of Ovarian Functionand Control (28 Dec.)

James H. Leatham, Ernst Knobil, W. Hansel, D. T. Arm-strong, A. H. Meier, Paul Licht, Ian P. Callard, M. Red-shaw (Great Britain), R. Reinboth (Germany), G. Chieffi(Italy).

Prenatal Ontogeny of Behavior and the NervousSystem (28-30 Dec.)

Phillip B. Armstrong, Michael Berrill, Arthur Hughes,Marshall Harth, Dominick Purpura, Rainer Foelix, RobertR. Provine, Viktor Hamburger, Michael A. Corner (Hol-land), Jay Rosenblatt, Martin Balaban, Margaret A. Vince(Great Britain), Ronald W. Oppenheim, Robert T. Yamta-mnoto, Edwin W. Rubel, Masakazu Konishi, Gilbert Gott-lieb, Monica lmpekoven, Joseph Altman, R. M. Bergstrom(Finland), Gopal D. Das, Martin Berry (Great Britain),Stanley M. Crain, Helmut V. B. Hirsch, Bjorn Meyerson(Sweden), George Sze'kely (Hungary), Marcus Jacobson.

Recent Advances in Pollination Biology:Quantification and Case Studies (29 Dec.)

Herbert G. Baker, Robert W. Cruden, Donald A. Levin,Gordon W. Frankie, Larry L. Wolf, Daniel H. Janzen.

Regulation of Organ and Tissue Growth (29-30 Dec.)Richard J. Goss, Charles P. Leblond, Stephen Zamenhof,

Lloyd Guth, Doris M. Stewart, Russell R. Burton, MelvinL. Moss, Edwin A. Mirand, Sidney R. Cooperband, T. T.Odell, Jr., Donald Bartlett, Jr., Charlotte Schneyer, PatrickJ. Fitzgerald, M. David Tilson, Bernard Sigel, BernardLytton, Robert Segaul, Martin SchifJ, Richard C. Moon,Emnil Steinberger, Anna Steinberger, Bryant Benson, Arpad 1.Csapo.

The Formation of Diploid Neospecies (30 Dec.)Hamnpton L. Carson, Harlan Lewis, Donald A. Levin,

Guy L. Bush, Theodosius Dobzhansky.

Heavy Metals as an Environmental Hazard to Fish,Birds and Man (30 Dec.)

Theodore J. Kneip, William Fulkerson, Gwyneth P.Howells (Great Britain), Thomas W. Clarkson, Duane A.Benoit, Norton Nelson, James M. McKim, John Cairns,Gary H. Heinz, Leo Friedman, 5. 1. Shibko.

ANTHROPOLOGY (H)Biologic Relativity (26 Dec.)

E. R. N. Grigg, Robert N. Schlesinger, Robert L. Wick,Jr., Millard N. Croll, Josep G. Llaurado, D. F. Mukherjee

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(India), Jackson A. Smith, C. Edward Buckley, Roger D.Brittain (Great Britain), William W. Stead.

Population Control in Social and EconomicPerspective (27 Dec.)What institutional controls have been used by societies

where controls have been practiced? What are the implica-tions for our society?Ward H. Goodenough, Joseph J. Spengler, Harold A.

Gould.

*Technology and the Humanization of Work (27 Dec.)What technological developments have given opportuni-

ties for restructuring work? Some experiments have led tosatisfaction for both workers and management. Others havefailed. Why?

Michael Maccoby, Lyman D. Ketchum, Bruce H. Duf-fany, Neal Q. Herrick, Douglas A. Fraser, Marcus G.Raskini, Robert L. Kahn, Jacques D. Wimpfheimer, WilliamA. Steiger.

City Life (28 Dec.)Donald Henderson, UlI Hannerz, Vivian Garrison, Martin

G. Silvermtian, Anzthony Leeds, David G. Epstein, ErvingGofnmai, Dan Rose, Williamn Labov, Roger D. Abrahams,David Amidon, Dell Hymes, John F. Szwed.

Biological and Cultural Bases of Sex RoleDifferentiation (28 Dec.)What factors define sex roles, including division of labor,

inter- and intra-sex interactions?Alexantder Alland, Jr., Adrienne L. Zihlman, Lenore

Tiefer, Clauid A. Bramblett, Suzanne Chevalier-Skolnikoff,Patricia Draper, Carnnel White, Janet Siskind, Lionel Tiger,Alan Skolinikoff, Margaret Mead.

Crucial Transitions in Civilization: A Problem in Macro-Cultural Interpretation (29 Dec.)

Roger W. Wescott, Matthew Melko, Edward P. Lanning,Charles P. Wolf, Vytautas Kavolis, Robert L. Hadd.

*Looting the Past: An International Scandal (29 Dec.)Froelich Rainey, Wilhelm G. Solheint 11, Frederick M.

Asher, Clifford Evans, Dennis E. Puleston, Clemency Cog-gills. Dwight B. Heath, Richard 1. Ford.

Nonlinear Research in the Sciences and Humanities(29-30 Dec.)

Michael Kosok, David M. Rasmussen, Harold Garfinkel,Jamtes Hanisen, Archie J. Bahm, Richard Levins, Donald 0.Walter, J. Laurie Snell, M. Z. von Krzywoblocki, FrankHarray, Edward Feit, Earl C. Joseph, Paul Piccone, RichardHoward, Melvin Pollner, Benijamin Nelson, Patrick A.Heelan, Anthony Leeds, Carl Ratner, Trent Schroyer.

*Youth Speaks About Itself (30 Dec.)Stephaniie Miller, D. Baird, W. Edwards, B. Kaplowitz,

S. Tabor, B. Thurmiiani.

PSYCHOLOGY (I)The Role of Aggression in Human Adaptation (26 Dec.)How does aggression affect human development and the

individual's personality formation? What are its character-istics in the arts?19 NOVEMBER 1971

Jacob A. Arlow, Edward Joseph, David Hamburg, LionelTrilling, Eli Marcovitz, Emily Mumford.

Human Response to Environmental Stimulation: Fromthe Laboratory to the Field (27 Dec.)What are the adjustments to noise, monotony, crowding?Joachim F. Wohlwill, David Glass, Jerome E. Singer,

Thomas Myers, Leon Teft, Bruce L. Welch, Seward Smith,Robert B. Mitchell, Paul Borsky, William W. Haythorn,Imre Kohn, William Simon.

Articulation Phenomena and Disorders (27 Dec.)Ralph L. Shelton, Leija V. McReynolds, Ronald K. Som-

mers, Bernd Weinberg, Nicolas W. Bankson, James F.Bosma.

The Cerebral Librarian: Functions and Malfunctions(28 Dec.)

James Deese, John Marshall (Great Britain), James I.Jenkins.

On the Relations Between Basic Research andApplications of Psychology (28 Dec.)

Jaines J. Jenkins, Paul E. Meehl, Wendell R. Garner,Glenn L. Bryan, William Bevan.

Thirst: New Findings and Advances in Concepts(28-29 Dec.)

Eliot Stellar, James T. Fitzsimons (Great Britain), ElliottM. Blass, Edward M. Stricker, Jeffrey W. Peck, Gordon J.Mogenson, Philip Teitelbaum, Harry Kissileff, Keith Oatley(Great Britain), Gerard P. Smith, Alan Fisher, PauletteSetler (Great Britain), John A. Harvey, Alan N. Epstein.

Sources of Knowledge in Child Rearing (29 Dec.)Myrtle McGraw, Robert Pickett, Eva Grant, Beatrice

Whiting, Marian Radke-Yarrow.

Encounter Groups (30 Dec.)How can the intense interactions be used for understand-

ing the behavior of individuals under conditions of strongemotions and aggression? Does it correspond to needs inthe human being? How have these needs been satisfied inother times?

Kurt W. Back, Morton A. Lieberman, 1. Yalom, MatthewB. Miles, Alexander D. Blumenstiel, James E. Bebout, Ken-neth J. Gergen, Mary K. Gergen, Bernard G. Rosenthal,S. Koch, Martin Lakin.

Studies in Sexuality (30 Dec.)Leo Madow, Paul J. Fink, Harold 1. Lief.

SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC SCIENCES (K)Educational Finances and Revenue Sharing (26 Dec.)

Stephen K. Bailey, Joel Berke, David 0. Porter, B. J.Stone, Joan Turek, Charles Waldauer, Archie J. Nichols,Charles S. Benson, John Callaghan, R. L. Johns, BetsyLevini, Henry Vaux.

Religious Intermarriage (26 Dec.)John E. Hughes, Erich Rosenthal, Anthony Campola, Jr.,

Paul H. Besanceney, Thomas P. Monahan.853

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Fair Hiring Practices in the Universities (27 Dec.)

Daniel P. Moynihian, J. Stanley Pottiniger, Patul Seabury,Amitai Etzioni.

Confronting the Violence of Normal Man (27 Dec.)Israel W. Charney, William Blanchard, A. Paul Hare,

Herbert C. Kelmniani, Lee Hamilton Lawrence, Albert Pepi-tone.

Interreligious Conflict in Northern Ireland (27 Dec.)

John E. Hlughies, John J. Kane, Dennlis Clark, F. RichardFerrill, Williamn J. Ly nch.

Operations Research and Management Science in theAdministration of Justice (27-28 Dec.)

What quantitative current work is applicable toward theadministration of justice?

Carl M. Harris, Matthewv Rosenishlinie, Philip Cheilik,Saul 1. Gass, Johln Gar-diner, Richard Penn, Robert Neville,Perry Lonidoni, Willard Gaylin, Nichlolas Kittrie, Paul Weiss,Robert R. J. Gallati, Adamn d'Alessandro, Patrick Murphy,Aryeh Neier, Chliarles Lister, Stanley Rothmnian, George Hall.

Population Trends in Nonmetropolitan Areas: Research andPolicy (28 Dec.)Gordon F. De Jong, Calvin L. Beale, Lloyd D. Bender,

Bernal L. Green, Rex R. Campbell, James J. Zuiches,Glenn V. Fluguiitt, Peter A. Morrison, Wilbur Zelinsky.

"Vice Presidential Address (29 Dec.)Daniel P. Moynihan.Waste Disposal in ant Age of Rubbishi: Social Scietnce Itn-

terpretationv of Amnericatn Society in the 1960's.

The Changing American Population: The Social andEconomic Implications of the 1970 Census andOther National Surveys (29 Dec.)

George H. Brown, Harold Goldstein, George Hall, AllenD. Manidel, Conrcad Taeluber, Thieodore D. Woolsey.

The New Radicalism in Science (29 Dec.)

Barry Commllonzem, Datniel Rich7, Herb Fox, David Nichols.

Federal Policy Goals and R&D Programs: Where TheyMesh and Where They Don't (29 Dec.)

Is federal R&D geared to the advancement of nationalpriorities? What kinds of changes are required to improvethe nexuls between action and knowledge?

Brewster C. Demnvy, Robert S. Bemisotn, Juergen Schlmltatndt,William D. Care'.

*Differences in Viewpoint: The Drug Addict andHis Physician (29 Dec.)Does the drug addict want treatment? What is his opinion

of methadone? Does he think he can become a reasonablemember of society after treatment? What does it take tosucceed in the treatment program?

John C. Ball, Arthutr D. Mofjett, Freda Adler, Graham SFinney, Thom?as Carroll, James Suissex, John Rulocco, Fred-erick B. Glaser.

New Conceptual Frameworks for Science andPublic Policy Studies (30 Dec.)

Juergen Schmlnandt, Joseph Haberer, Dean Schlooler, Jr.,Enid Cuirtis Bok Schoettle, John Logsdon, Richard Rettig.

854

Congress and Future Trends in American Politics (30 Dec.)Robert H. Puckett, Randall B. Ripley, Michael K.

O'Leary, David N. Farnsworth, Hibbert R. Roberts, JohnA. Crittenden.

Social Control of Science and Technology (30 Dec.)Michael S. Baramn, Philip Bereano, Hugh Folk, Harold

Green, David Rose.

The Older Family and Bureaucracies (30 Dec.)Gordon F. Streib, Marvin B. Sussinan, Ethel Shanas, Jac-

qlueline Jackson, Betty E. Cogswell.

HISTORY ANDPHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE (L)

Problems in 19th Century American Science (27 Dec.)Charles A. Culotta, George H. Daniels, Charles E. Rosen-

berg, Carroll Pursell, Bruice Sinclair, Nathan Reingold, Nor-man W. Storer.

Science, Technology and Medicine in Philadelphia,1750-1815 (27 Dec.)

Whitfield J. Bell, Jr., George F. Frick, Samnluel R. Mat-thews, David J. Jeremy.

The 400th Anniversary of the Birth ofJohannes Kepler (27-28 Dec.)Bowen C. Dees, 1. Bernhlard Cohen, Cyril Stanley Smith,

Peter Van de Kamnp, J. 0. Fleckenstein (Germany), RobertWestm?ani, Wulff D. Heintz.

General Systems of the World Environment (27-29 Dec.)Richlard F. Er-icson, Margaret Mead, Philip C. Nunn,

Williamn Matthews, Bassett Maguire, Charles Jackson, Mil-ton Rubin, Robert Allen (Great Britain), Wayne Young-quist, Edward Goldsmiiith (Great Britain), George Lamb,Paul Medow, John McLeod, Stafford Beer (Great Britain),Jere Clark, C. P. Wolf, Frank Baker, Daniel Duncan.

Teaching the History and Philosophy of Science inScience Courses (28 Dec.)

Raymlond J. Seeger, Garlanid E. Allen, Jlune Z. Fullmner,Owen Gingerich, Doris Helltnan, Chauncey D. Leake, R.Brutce Lindsay, Duidley Sliapere.

Radical Approach to Ecology: The Technology, Biology,Economics, Politics and Sociology of AutomobileAir Pollution (28 Dec.)

Garland E. Alleni, Antn Slumtm)lers, Daniel Bolef, MartyLiebowitz, Johin Esposito, Frank Kehl, David Aronow.

ENGINEERING (M)

Practical Solutions to Metric Conversion (27 Dec.)Edward A. Munns, Richard W. Mattoon, Albert J. Met-

tler, Jeffrey V. Odom, K. Y. Taylor, Cornelius Wandmacher,John M. Flowers, Margaret Dana, Carl A. Beck, Louis F.Sokol.

Engineering-For the Survival of Man (28 Dec.)Thomnas G. Greene, Robert G. Jahn, James Vollmer,

Manfred Altman, Thomnas F. Davidson, David W. Keller,

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Alfred J. Eggers,- Edward N. Hall, Harold W. Ritchey,James T. Grey, Jr.

The Navigation Sciences (30 Dec.)What are the physical, intellectual and other character-

istics of animals, birds and humans in navigating space?George A. Beisner, Thomas D. Nicholson, Stephen T.

Einlen, Ward H. Goodenough, Raynor L. Duncombe,Charles S. Draper, Joseph A. Cestone, John C. Bellamy,Keith D. McDonald.

MEDICAL SCIENCES (N)Scienfific Aspects of Contraception (27 Dec.)

Louis M. Hellman, Hudson Hoagland, Celso-Ramon Gar-cia, Howard J. Tatum, Christopher Tietze, Sheldon Segal,George B. Koelle.

Alternative Approaches to National Delivery ofHealth Care (28 Dec.)What are the arguments for and against the four promi-

nent viewpoints?George K. Chacko, Philip Caper, John S. Zapp, Charles

P. Hall, Paul S. Friedman, J. Henry Smith, Robert J. Blen-don, Robert Feldman.

Sentics, Brain Function, and Sources of HumanValues (29-30 Dec.)How are emotions and qualities communicated?Manfred Clynes, Stuart Kaufmann, Howard Shevrin, Eric

Lenneberg, Alfred French, Joen Fagan, Daniel Miller, PeterOstwald, Philip Peltzman, David Seaton, Herbert Benson,Paul Ekman, D. Huenergardt, A. Barclay, Paul Byers, Rich-ard Courrier, J. Greenbie.

DENTISTRY (Nd)Comparative Immunology of the Oral Cavity (28-29 Dec.)A discussion of unusual immunological phenomena in the

mouth.Fred Karush, John J. Cebra, Pearay L. Ogra, Robert J.

Genco, Paul C. Montgomery, Harris J. Keene, Irving L.Shklair, Kirk C. Hoerman, Irwin D. Mandel, Albert N.Zengo, Martin A. Taubman, Burton Zweiman, Ralph Sny-derman, Abner L. Notkins, Lee R. Brown, Samuel Dreizen,Stephan E. Mergenhagen, Joost J. Oppenheim, John E. Hor-ton, Leonard B. Shulman, Edward H. Kass.

PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES (Np)Vice Presidential Address (27 Dec.)

Wallace L. Guess (Dean, School of Pharmacy, Universityof Mississippi).

The Role of the Hospital Pharmacist and the Pharm. D.-A Problem in Curriculum Development.

Distinguished Lecture (27 Dec.)George J. Cosmides (Program Director, Pharmacology-

Toxicology Program, National Institutes of Health).Humnan Variability and Safer, More Effective Pharmaco-

therapy.

*The Over-Medicated Society (28 Dec.)There is awareness that the drug abuse problem is accom-

19 NOVEMBER 1971

panied by a drug misuse problem in legitimate channels.What are the medical, social, psychological and economicdimensions of the problems?Mickey C. Smith, Henry L. Lennard, Donald B. Louria,

James A. Visconti, Richard Penna, David A. Knapp, Mitch-ell Balter, Nathan Kline, Mark Novitch, Robert Maronde,Charlotte Muller.

AGRICULTURE (0)Mineral Elements in the Food Chain (28-29 Dec.)What are the current concepts in plant, animal and

human nutrition? What are newly identified trace elementsin animals? What are the harmful effects of mineral im-balances?

Martin G. Weiss, Matthias Stelly, David L. Grunes, JoeKubota, Leon L. Hopkins, Jr., Harold J. Evans, KlausSchwarz, Roland M. Leach, Matk W. Allam, Bert L. Val-lee, Robert H. Wasserman, A. Robert Twardock, DarrellR. Van Campen, Willialn B. Buck, Nyle C. Brady, NicholasBiddle, Emanuel Epstein, Walter I. Thomas, Dale E. Baker,G. C. Gerloff, Charles D. Foy, W. H. Gabelman.

INDUSTRIAL SCIENCE (P)*Technology and Growth in a Resource LimitedWorld (30 Dec.)What is the role of technological innovation for provid-

ing an expanding range of opportunities for people-bothin the United States and elsewhere in the world-who havenot yet achieved a reasonable share of the "affluent so-

ciety"?Robert U. Ayres, Dennis L. Meadows, Ronald Ridker,

Allen Kneese, Mancur Olson, Herman Kahn, AnthonyWiener, Clarke Rees, Herbert Fox, J. H. Hollomion.

EDUCATION (Q)The Graduate Student (27 Dec.)

Hazel M. Fox, Gustav Arlt, Norman Cromwell, CharlotteRoderuck.

*Science and the Humanities (27-28 Dec.)How can science be taught to heighten awareness of

environmental concern, to develop relationships with art,to examine literary responses and to understand the humancondition?

Frederick D. Horn, George W. Morgan, Henry A. Bent,Robert P. DeSieno, Alice M. Felbinger, Judith A. Ittner,Glennah Ruiz-Valera.

Nature Study for Impact and Action (27-29 Dec.)Kingsley L. Greene, Richard L. James, Jean M. Milmnine,

A. LaVerne Thornton, Gerald Schneider, Don D'Amato,Charles C. Ochs, Eugene A. Troiano, Natalie Price, JosephJ. Hampel, Kenneth R. Ziegler, Richard P. Boekenkamp,Paul V. Webster, Adele N. Wilson, Frank Potter, Estella B.Leopold, Roderick A. Cameron, Freddiemae Brown, RobertD. Ogden, John A. Gustafson, Crayton Jackson.

Education Planning in Government: 1972-1980 (28 Dec.)Richard James, P. Michael Timnpane, Keith Kelson,

Joseph Lipson.855

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Directions in Science Education: Asia 1971 (28 Dec.)Francis X. Sutman, Lewis A. Gist, J. E. O'Connell, Max

Hellman, Arthur W. Galston, Ethan Singer, Wayne Taylor,Glen Berkheimer, Julian R. Brandou.

The Social Science Disciplines: Contributions to BasicResearch in Education (29 Dec.)Ralph Tyler, Henry David, Finis Welch, Robert Lane,

John Singleton, Howard Hjelm.

National Assessment of Educational Progress: New Findingson Achievement in Science (30 Dec.)What are the results of the national assessment in terms

of region, size and type of community, sex, educationallevel of parents?

J. Stanley Ahmiann, Addison E. Lee, Elizabeth A. Wood,John K. Wolfe, John W. Tukey, Robert A belson, FrankWestheinmer, James S. Coleman.

INFORMATIONAND COMMUNICATION (T)

*Science Writing as Literature (27 Dec.)Loren Eiseley, Jeremy Bernstein, Hal Borland, Paul B.

Sears.

*Humor in Science (27 Dec.)Why do people laugh? Must one learn to laugh? What

is the purpose of humor? Does it facilitate human inter-actions? Can humor be studied scientifically or does analy-sis of laughter destroy that which is being analyzed? Is thepinprick of wit a guard against pomposity?James V. McConnell, Paul McGhee, Werner Mendel,

Joel Kirschbaum, Maurice Ettinger, Allen Neil, LawrenceLa Fave, Janes Turner, Robert Boice, Selby Evans, H. E.Marks.

*The Information Conscious Society (27 Dec.)What are the information needs of the public in areas

of product safety, health care, nuclear power development,military spending and spending for scientific research? Howcan up-to-date information be supplied upon which to makedecisions?Eugene Garfield, Robert L. Ackerly, Harold P. Green,

Jeremy J. Stone, Barry Commnoner, Abbott Washburn.

Vice Presidential Address (29 Dec.)Edward L. Brady (Associate Director for Information

Programs, National Bureau of Standards).Quality Control: The Key Issue in Information Systenms.

Communicative Behavior and the Public Welfare (29 Dec.)Ronald L. Smith, Klaus H. Krippendorfl, Robert S.

Goyer, James McWilliams, Kenneth A. Harwood, Eldon E.Baker, Kondavagil S. Sitaram.

STATISTICS (U)*Smoking and Health Now (28 Dec.)Evidence continues to mount about the relationship be-

tween smoking and disease. How and at what level ofplausibility of the causal relationship is the public interestbest served by preventive action?Abraham M. Lilienfeld, Theodor D. Sterling, E. Cuyler

Hammond, Daniel Horn, George B. Hutchinson, JohannesIpsen, Marvin Kastenbaunm.

Organizing Quantitative Data for Scientific Application:Issues Faced by the President's Commission onFederal Statistics (28 Dec.)

W. Allen Wallis, Richard J. Light, Williamn Shaw, Wil-liam Kingsley, A. Ross Eckler.

The Effect of Educational Experiences on SubsequentEducation and Adult Life: Models, Measurement andInterpretation (29 Dec.)James Trent, Arthur Gerst, Kenneth Tabler, John Hol-

land, Virginia Crandall, Mildred Henry, Arthur Chickering,Samuel Messick, D. L. Horvitz, Darrell Bock, F. B.Davis.

ATMOSPHERIC ANDHYDROSPHERIC SCIENCES (W)

Lightning (27 Dec.)What are the broad aspects of the lightning flash? What

are the effects on man, animals, space vehicles and theforest?

Bernard Vonnegut, Richard E. Orville, Martin A. Umian,Marx Brook, E. T. Pierce, R. H. Golde (United King-dom), Theodore Bernsteini, Alan R. Taylor, Donald M.Fiuquay.

Oceanography-Its Status Today and Outlook forthe Future (28-29 Dec.)What is our understanding of the complex system called

"the ocean"? What are today's major issues and what ofthe future?

John C. Calhoun, Godfrey H. Savage, Richard C. Dug-dale, Manik Talwani, Edward D. Goldberg, Owen H. Phil-lips, E. W. Seabrook Hull, Robert B. A bel, John L. Mc-Hugh, Albert V. Koers (Holland), F. Ward Paine, HarrisB. Stewart, Jr., Miller B. Spangler, Marne A. Dubs, GeorgeS. Benton, Robert W. Morse, George F. Bond, George E.Reedy, Robert M. White, John Quarles, Francis D. Hey-ward, H. Crane Miller.

GENERAL SCIENCES (X)Association of Academies of Science (27 Dec.)

Charles M. Vaughn, Robert C. Pendleton, Wilmner W.Tanner, Clarence Cottamn, Ruth Melvin.

Data from EEG and Other Areas ofParapsychology (28 Dec.)

Douglas Dean, Larry Lewvis, Robert Morris, CharlesHonorton, Rex Stanford, T. X. Barber, Karlis Osis, Ger-trude Schmeidler, Montague Ullmnan, Jay Levy.

SPECIAL ANNOUNCEMENT: Plan to visit the Annual Exposition of Science and Industry, located this year in theSheraton Exhibit Hall, Concourse Level, Sheraton Hotel. The exhibit will be open to the public from the 27th throughthe 30th of December. Hours are: December 27-29, 10 a.m. to 6 p.m. and December 30, 9 a.m. to 4 p.m.

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Annual Meeting: Philadelphia

DOI: 10.1126/science.174.4011.847 (4011), 847-860.174Science 

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